1、a, an, the的用法精講及練習(xí)冠詞是虛詞，本身不能單獨(dú)使用，也沒有詞義，它用在名詞的前面，幫助指明名 詞的含義。英語中的冠詞有三種，一種是定冠詞（the Definite Article ），另一種 是不定冠詞（the Indefinite Article），還有一種是零冠詞（Zero Article）。an, a是不定冠詞，僅用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前面，表示一”的意義，但不強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)目觀 念。a用在以輔音（指輔音音素）開頭的詞前，an用在以元音（指元素音素）開頭的詞前。the是定冠詞，修飾特指名詞 翻譯成 這個(gè)”如果泛指某物，用a,/an, 具體指某物的話，用the.注意：（1當(dāng)我們使用an時(shí)，

2、條件有 這個(gè)名詞的讀音必須是以元音音素開頭 而不是說它是以兀音字母開頭。-即它的 音標(biāo)的第一個(gè)音素是元音, 它必須是個(gè)可數(shù)名詞。 它還必須是個(gè)單數(shù)名詞an hour 一個(gè)小時(shí)an engin eer 一位工程師 an hon est person 位誠實(shí)的人我們常常見到這類用法：a uni versity 所大學(xué)an orange 只桔子an ordinary man個(gè)普通人 a boy, a city, a girl, a useful ani mal , an old man, an hon est boy,a bad apple, a tall elepha nt,a universit

3、y（雖然u是元音字母，但不讀元音）,an hour 一個(gè)小時(shí)（雖然h不是元音，但單詞讀音是元音開頭）不定冠詞有a和an兩種：a用于輔音音素開頭的詞前，an用于元音音素開頭的 詞前。例如：a boy, a city, a girl, a useful ani mal , an old man, an hon est boy,a bad apple, a tall elephant,a university（雖然 u 是元音字母，但不讀元音 ）,anhour 一個(gè)小時(shí)（雖然h不是元音，但單詞讀音是元音開頭）1 指某類人或事物中的任何一個(gè)。An elepha nt is bigger tha n a

4、 horse.A car runs faster tha n a bike.(2) 指人或事物，用來表示“一的意思，但不強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)的觀念，只說明名詞為不特 定者。指人或事物即不具體說明是何人何物。例如：There are seve n days in a week.We have three meals a day.A teacher is look ing for you.We work five days a week.(3) 不定冠詞含有“一的意思，但數(shù)量觀念沒有one強(qiáng)烈，在句子里一般可以 不必譯出，但若有 一個(gè)”的意思則譯出，例如：There ' s a tree on the

5、hill.He has an in teresti ng book.An orange is good for you.桔子對(duì)你有好處。How much is it ?多少錢？Two yua n a kilo.兀 -公斤。(4) 一般用在可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前，指人或事物的某一種類。例如：Bill is a stude nt.He is a doctor.(5) 用在某些固定詞組中。例如：a lot of, a moment ago, a few, a littlea bit have a rest have a cold a kind of a piece of have a good time6.

6、 首次提到的人或物。一.不定冠詞的用法：2 指人或事物，但不具體說明何人或何物There are seve n days in a week.We have three meals a day.4. 指某類人或事物中的任何一個(gè)。An elepha nt is bigger tha n a horse.A car runs faster tha n a bike.(2) 定冠詞在句子中，既可以用于可數(shù)名詞前，也可以用于不可數(shù)名詞前；既 用在可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式前，也用在可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式前。從表達(dá)意義上講, 它既可表達(dá)this, that之意義，也可表達(dá)these, those之意義。.定冠詞的用

7、法(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。 例如:The book on the desk is mine.(2) 指雙方都知道的人或事物。例如:Ope n the door, please.請(qǐng)開門。(3) 用在世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物前。the sun the earth the moon the sky the world例如：The sun is bigger tha n the moon太 陽比月亮大些。但這些名詞作為描繪性定語時(shí)，可用不定冠詞。例如:Look! A red sun is rising.瞧！ 一輪紅日正在升起。(4) 用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)前。例如:The first isl

8、a nd is the biggest of the three第 一個(gè)小島是三個(gè)中最大的。(5) 用在用普通名詞構(gòu)成的黨派，國家等專有名詞以及江河、海洋、山脈、群 島、海峽、海灣等專有名詞前。the Sahara 撒哈拉沙漠the Jinggang Mountains 井岡山the Chan gjia ng River 長江the Pacific Ocea n太平洋the Red Sea紅海the Suez蘇伊士運(yùn)河the Un ited Natio ns 聯(lián)合國the Great Wall長城the Red Cross Hospital 紅十字醫(yī)院例如：They will visit th

9、e Great Wall n ext week.(6)用在形容詞前表示一類人，the +形容詞指的是一群人，是一種復(fù)數(shù)含義, 所以其后動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。the rich有錢人the poor 窮人the sick 病人the old 老人the young 年輕人the bli nd 盲人例如：The old are sick.這些老人生病了。(7)用在姓名復(fù)數(shù)形式前表示一家人或一家人中的兩個(gè)，或兩個(gè)以上的人例如：The Smiths have moved to London.斯密斯一家去了倫敦。The Whites have no children懷特夫婦沒有小孩。(8) 用在某些習(xí)慣用語，

10、固定搭配中 in the morni ng 在早上the day before yesterda y 前天 at the same time 同時(shí) in the end最終in the ope n air在戶夕卜tell the truth說真話例如：on the left在左邊all the same 都一樣in the day 在白天by the way 順便說一下 the same as.禾口。相同(9) 彈奏西方樂器前面要用定冠詞，東方樂器則不用。如:Play the pia noplay Erhu(10) 用于逢十?dāng)?shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)前，指世紀(jì)中的年代。The war boke out in

11、the thirties.(11) 用于方向或者方位名詞前。(12) He lives to the east of Los An geles.基本用法巧記： 特指雙方都熟悉，上文已提示。 世上獨(dú)無二，序數(shù)最高級(jí) 某些專有名，習(xí)語及樂器。三零冠詞即不用冠詞的情況：1 專有名詞和不可數(shù)名詞：Chi na. Class One如特指可與冠詞連用。2 .泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前:Books are my best friend.3. 在星期(on Monday)、月份(in March)、季節(jié)(in Summer)、節(jié)日(in Christmas)、八刖。4. 一日三餐(have breakfast)球類(

12、play basketball)、學(xué)科(maths)語言(in English) 名詞前。5. 職務(wù)、頭銜、稱呼前：Doctoram not feeli ng well.6. 名詞前已有指示代詞、物主代詞或不定冠詞時(shí)。7. 在某些固定短語中。by bus by bikein bedat homeon footin classgo to collegego to schoolday and ni ghtfrom morni ng till night練習(xí)：選擇a或an或者不填(用/來表示)penbag applebig apple bananaorangeoran gesorange penho

13、ur houseumbrella un iversity用a/an填空： Is itChin ese book orEn glish book? This isring, and it is orange ring. Mary isEn glish teacher. Tom isChi nese teacher. This isbike. It ' s old bike. This istelepho ne nu mber. That isID card. I lost my keys. It ' s set of keys. It ' _sapple, notpear

14、. This is peach. That '_s_ orange. You havebanana, but I have_egg. Is thereumbrella on the desk? There isisla nd in the sea. There ispicture on the card. I have old book. apple is a kind of fruit. There isarmchair in the livi ng room. I ' d likeegg. Look, there isbird in the tree. Is therema

15、p on the wall? There isbench in the park.選擇正確的答案1. I am(a, an )stude nt.2. There is(a, an) elepha nt in the zoo.3. You are(a, an) good boy.4. I have(a, an) orange.5. Miss Grant is( a, an )ugly teacher.6. This is(a ,an)new book.7. Please take(a, an )umbrella.8. Close(a, an ,the)door, please.9. My fat

16、her is(a ,an) doctor.10. There is(a, an) orange on the table.11. He gives me(a, an )sticker.12. What is(a, an, the )biggest bird in the world?13. I haveorange .orange is very sour.( a, an ,the)14. My father is(a, an, the )ma n.15. (A ,An ,The )moon is in the sky.16. There ' s(a, an, the )apple o

17、n the table.17. (a, an, The) blackboard in our classroom is big.18. He likes to play(a, an, the )pia no.19. Mon day is(a, a, the )first day of the week.20. My favorite ani mal is(a, an ,the) cat.二、在需要的地方填入適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~，不需要的地方填。1. This isegg. It ' ssmall egg.2. Jim hasbig head.3. Who isgirl in green?4. -

18、Do you haveknife?-Yes, I do. I only havesmall one.5. Lucy and Lily looksame.6. Jim is fromUSA. Mike is fromEn gla nd.7. boy over there is Jim ' sbrother.8. Is thatcat ortiger?It ' scat.9. We are inBeiji ng No.2 High School.10. They are insame class.1. There is “ h” in the word“ honest ”.A. a

19、 B. the C. / D. an2. Whatterrible life people in the small isla nd lived at that time!A. an B./ C. a D. thee_ul man us3. Father often says to me,“ Behonest boy today and _tomorrow. ”A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a4. Q in gdao ismost beautiful city in summer.A. the B. / C. a D. one5. So you are r

20、unningrestaura nt?Yes, but I don ' t want to make itrestaura nt onl ycbrpeople.A. the; / B. the; the C. a; the D. a; a6. Have you see npen? I left it here this morni ng.Is itblack one? I think I saw it some where.A. a; the B.the; the C. a; a D. the; a7. Oh, John. Whatyou gave us!A. a pleasa nt s

21、urprise B. pleasa nt surpriseC. an pleasa nt surprise D. the pleasa nt surprise8. Joh n isuni versity stude nt.A. / B. any C. a D. an9. I ' d likeinformation about the management of your hqteplease.Well, you could haveword with the manager. He might be helpful.A. some; a B. an; some C. some; som

22、e D. an; a10. If you don't like the red ,otake the blue one.OK, but do you have _ size in blue? This one is a bit tight for me.A. a big B. a bigger C. the big D. the bigger1. doctor told him to takemedici ne three timesday2. There iswoman over there woman is Merimee ' s mother3. sun rises in

23、east4. Chan gjia ng River isIon gest river inChi na5t's too hot. Opendoo, please6.Wash ington iscapital ofUSA四、總結(jié)與作業(yè)1. 單項(xiàng)選擇。1) He ofte n hasegg and some milk for breakfast.A. /B. aC. theD. an2) -What' s the troublwith Lin gli ng?-She doesn' t go toschool and stay inbed now.A. a; /B. the; theC. /; /D. /; a3) -Do