1、2021/3/912021/3/92現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時的動作或情況雖然發(fā)生在過去，的動作或情況雖然發(fā)生在過去，但它強調(diào)的是與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，用來說明現(xiàn)在但它強調(diào)的是與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，用來說明現(xiàn)在的情況?，F(xiàn)在完成時不能與表示確定的過去的情況。現(xiàn)在完成時不能與表示確定的過去時間的狀語連用時間的狀語連用, 如如: yesterday, two weeks ago, in 1978, when I got there 等等, 現(xiàn)在完成現(xiàn)在完成時常與時常與 already, always, often, ever, never, yet, not.yet, just等不表示明確等不表示明確1. 復習兩種時態(tài)（

2、主動）復習兩種時態(tài)（主動）2021/3/93的時間副詞連用的時間副詞連用, 還可以和表示時間一還可以和表示時間一直延續(xù)到目前的帶直延續(xù)到目前的帶since, for 的狀語及包的狀語及包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的詞連用。如括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的詞連用。如: now, today, this month, this year, recently, these few days 等。不能用在現(xiàn)在完成進行時態(tài)的等。不能用在現(xiàn)在完成進行時態(tài)的動詞，如：動詞，如：be, have, like, love, know, believe, hate等。等。 一般過去時則是表示過去某時發(fā)生一般過去時則是表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或情況的

3、動作或情況, 與現(xiàn)在毫無關(guān)系。與現(xiàn)在毫無關(guān)系。2021/3/942) 一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài) (am/is/are + 過過 去分詞）去分詞） 如如: The work is done during two days.2) 一般過去時的被動語態(tài)一般過去時的被動語態(tài) (was/were + 過過去分詞）去分詞） 2021/3/95 如如: He was sent to the hospital immediately after the accident.3) 一般將來時的被動語態(tài)一般將來時的被動語態(tài) (will/shall + be + 過去分詞或過去分詞或 + be goi

4、ng to + be + 過去分詞）過去分詞） 如如: The work will be finished soon.4) 現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài) (is/am/are + being+ 過去分詞）過去分詞） 如如: The bridge is now being constructed.2021/3/965) 現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài) (have/has +been + 過去分詞）過去分詞） 如如: The radio has been repaired when we phoned the shop.6) 帶情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)帶情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài) (情態(tài)動

5、詞情態(tài)動詞 + be + 過去分詞過去分詞) 如如: This can be done in a few minutes.2021/3/977) 動詞不定式的被動式動詞不定式的被動式 (to be + 過去分詞過去分詞) 如如: It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here. 2021/3/98 例如：例如： 1. The dirty clothes have been washed. 臟衣服都已經(jīng)洗了。臟衣服都已經(jīng)洗了。 2. The plan has been studied by the experts for three times.

6、這項計劃已經(jīng)由專家研究過三次了。這項計劃已經(jīng)由專家研究過三次了。2021/3/993. The child has been taken care of by Grandma Wang all these years. 這些年來這些年來, 這個小孩一直由王奶奶照料。這個小孩一直由王奶奶照料。2021/3/9101. 主語是行為動作的承受者。如：主語是行為動作的承受者。如： The Temple of Zhang Fei has been rebuilt. 張飛廟已經(jīng)過重建。張飛廟已經(jīng)過重建。2021/3/9112. 說話時已經(jīng)完成的動作或出現(xiàn)的結(jié)果。說話時已經(jīng)完成的動作或出現(xiàn)的結(jié)果。 如如:

7、The door has been locked. 門已經(jīng)被鎖上了。門已經(jīng)被鎖上了。3. 動作或狀態(tài)始于過去動作或狀態(tài)始于過去, 持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在, 并可并可 能持續(xù)下去。如：能持續(xù)下去。如： He has been told about it for many times. 有人告訴他這事很多次了。有人告訴他這事很多次了。 （可能還會有人告訴他）（可能還會有人告訴他）（我或別人現(xiàn)在進不去）（我或別人現(xiàn)在進不去）2021/3/9124. 用在時間和條件狀語從句中用在時間和條件狀語從句中, 表示將表示將來來 某時已完成的動作。如：某時已完成的動作。如： Well start as soon

8、as the work has been finished. 工作一完成我們就立即動身。工作一完成我們就立即動身。 2021/3/9131. 副詞的位置副詞的位置 often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副詞置于等副詞置于have/has和和been中間。中間。如如: 誤誤 Such a man has been hardly believed. 正正 Such a man has hardly been believed.2021/3/9142. 并不是所有動詞都有被動語態(tài)并不是所有動詞都有被動語態(tài) 1) 如：如： 誤誤 Great cha

9、nges have been taken place in China since 1978. 正正 Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.2021/3/9152) 如：如： 誤誤 The door has been opened of itself. 正正 The door has opened of itself.3. 短語動詞不可分割或省略其中的介詞短語動詞不可分割或省略其中的介詞 或副詞。如：或副詞。如： The SARS patients have been taken good care of.2021/3/9164.

10、 一些特殊動詞一些特殊動詞, 如如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等等 構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)不能與構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)不能與 表示一段時間的狀語連用。若要表達表示一段時間的狀語連用。若要表達 相應的意思，相應的意思， 則需改換動詞或時態(tài)。則需改換動詞或時態(tài)。 如：如：2021/3/917 My brother has had(不能用不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. How long has this book been bought?

11、 How long ago was this book bought?2021/3/918(1) 如如: Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。 (不知道電腦是誰偷的不知道電腦是誰偷的) This book was published in 1981. 這本書出版于這本書出版于1981年。年。2021/3/919(2) 如如: The window was broken by Mike. 窗戶是邁克打破的。窗戶是邁克打破的。 This book was written by him. 這本書是他寫的

12、。這本書是他寫的。2021/3/9202021/3/921(3) 把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞by之后作賓之后作賓 語語, 將主格改為賓格。例如：將主格改為賓格。例如： All the people laughed at him. He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. The bikes are made by them in the factory. 2021/3/9224) 主動：主動：I have given him the key.被動：被動：He has bee

13、n given the key.被動：被動：The key has been given (to) him.2021/3/9235) 帶復合賓語的動詞變被動語態(tài)時帶復合賓語的動詞變被動語態(tài)時, 只能只能 將賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z將賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z, 原來的賓補保留不原來的賓補保留不 動動, 改稱主語補足語。改稱主語補足語。主動：主動：I have asked her to help you.被動：被動：She has been asked to help you.2021/3/9242021/3/925Look at the way your face has been washedLook at the

14、way your hair has been combedLook at the way your shoes have been cleanedYoud better do them again.Look at the way the flowers have been plantedLook at the way the grass has been cutLook at the way the paths have been sweptI hope that youll come here again.2021/3/926the way the flowers have been pla

15、ntedthe way the grass has been cutthe way the paths have been sweptthe way your face has been washedthe way your hair has been combedthe way your shoes have been cleaned2021/3/927Read this poem aloud, paying attention to the rhythm and intonation. Then write your own poem.Look at the way _Look at th

16、e way _Look at the way _the table has been laidthe glasses have been placedthe food has been cookedYoud better do them again.possible poem:2021/3/928Look at the way _Look at the way _Look at the way _your bed has been madeyour carpet has been sweptyour shoes have been tidiedI hope that youll come he

17、re again.2021/3/9291. Both my brother work at the power station that _ in my hometown. A. has set up B. has been set up C. was set up D. is set up2. _ the sports meet will be put off. A. Ive been told B. Ive told C. Im told D. I told2021/3/9303. All the preparation for the task _, and were ready to

18、start. A. completed B. complete C. had been completed D. have been done2021/3/9314. - How long _ at this job? - Since 1990. A. were you employed B. have you been employed C. had you been employed D. will you be employed2021/3/9325. When and where to go for the on- salary holiday _ yet. A. are not de

19、cided B. have not been decided C. is not being decided D. has not been decided2021/3/9336. Betty_ injured since last Saturday. A. has been B. was C. is D. has2021/3/9347. That book _into at least 20 foreign languages.A. has said to be translatedB. has been said to have translatedC. is said that it h

20、ad been translatedD. is said to have been translated2021/3/935 8. Hi, Tom, you look tired. - Of course. I _ the living room all day. A. had painted B. painted C. have been painted D. have been painting2021/3/9369. -Did you move into the new house? - No. The rooms _ yet. A. were being painted B. are

21、painting C. have not painted D. have not been painted 2021/3/93710. Great changes_ in my hometown and a lot of factories _. A. have been taken place; are being set up B. have taken place; have been set up C. are taken place; had been set up D. took place; will set up 2021/3/93811. Its said that this

22、 book_ into Chinese. A. had translated B. has translated C. was translated D. has been translated 12. You cant move in. The house _. A. is painting B. is being painted C. has painted D. has been painted 2021/3/93913. Millions of pounds worth of damage _ by a storm which swept across the north of Eng

23、land last night. (2005重慶重慶) A. has been caused B. had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been cause2021/3/94014. Have you ever_ to the exhibition which _for three weeks? A. gone; has been shown B. visited; shown C. been; has been on show D. went; lasted2021/3/94115. - How long ago _ these eggs_? - Perhaps 15 days. A. will; hatch B. did; hatch C. were; hatched D. have; been hatched2021/3/9421. A personal computer has bought by us. A personal computer has been bought by us.2. Many problems has been found with our new computer. Many problems have been found with our new computer.