1、 即即to do to do ，其否定形式是，其否定形式是not to not to dodo；不定式；不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。的變化。動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式: :一一.不定式的句法功能不定式的句法功能1.Its normal to cry when we feel sad.(做主語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ))不定式做主語(yǔ)時(shí)不定式做主語(yǔ)時(shí),常用代詞常用代詞it 來代替不定式結(jié)構(gòu)來代替不定式結(jié)構(gòu), 這時(shí)這時(shí) it 被稱為形式主語(yǔ)被稱為形式主語(yǔ),而作為句子真正主語(yǔ)的而作為句子真正主語(yǔ)的不定式則被后置不定式則被后置.往往放往往放v.和和adj.之后之后.e.g. To learn English well

2、is not easy. = Its not easy to learn English well.Its + adj. (+for sb.) +to do sth.1. 不定式做主語(yǔ)：不定式做主語(yǔ)：常用句型：常用句型：Its + adj. (+for sb.) + to do sth. （對(duì)某人來說）做某事是怎樣的（對(duì)某人來說）做某事是怎樣的形式主語(yǔ)形式主語(yǔ)真正主語(yǔ)真正主語(yǔ)=To work out the problem is difficult for me.Its difficult for me to work out the problem.=Working out the prob

3、lem is difficult for me.e.g. 對(duì)我來說解答出這道題是很難的。對(duì)我來說解答出這道題是很難的。2. The best way to learn English is to read loudly.(做表語(yǔ)做表語(yǔ))可與可與be動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu).Her wish is to study in Ji Yan Middle school.My job is to clean the streets.在形式上，位于在形式上，位于系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞后的就是表語(yǔ)。從含后的就是表語(yǔ)。從含義上講，表語(yǔ)是回答主語(yǔ)義上講，表語(yǔ)是回答主語(yǔ)“是什么是什么” 的語(yǔ)法的語(yǔ)法成分。成分。 2

4、. 不定式做表語(yǔ)：不定式做表語(yǔ)：常放在常放在be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞后，表明主語(yǔ)后，表明主語(yǔ)“是什么是什么”。e.g. Our plan is to go there by plane. 我們的計(jì)劃是乘飛機(jī)去那兒。我們的計(jì)劃是乘飛機(jī)去那兒。 （主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)指代的是同一事物）（主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)指代的是同一事物） 1.My job is _computers. to selling B. sell C. to sell 2. Her hobby is _ (play) football.to play= Her hobby is playing football.3.I want to buy a ticket.(做

5、賓語(yǔ)做賓語(yǔ))接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)常見的幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞是接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)常見的幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞是want , plan , hope , decide , begin , start. need , wait ,would like .hate. refuse. wish . prefer , learn. try. like .agree ,fail. be able to do, do/try ones best to do 等等.e.g. They decided to try again.The little boy wanted to get to school before 8 oclock.3.

6、 不定式做賓語(yǔ)：即動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)：即動(dòng)詞+to do的結(jié)構(gòu)中，這里的的結(jié)構(gòu)中，這里的to do就是做賓語(yǔ)就是做賓語(yǔ)1.My friends want _(book) some tickets to the movie for us.2. My parents decide _ (give) me more money.3. He plans _ (go) to Beijing for a holiday.4. The boy hopes _ (pass) the English exam.5. My little son is able _ (read) some words.6. Ill

7、try my best _ (help) you.7. She would like _ (become) beautiful.4.Kangkang helped us to learn English.動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),常見的動(dòng)詞有常見的動(dòng)詞有 tell , ask , get, want , would like , wish , teach , help , order ,invite, get, allow, send, lead 等等.常構(gòu)成下面的句式：常構(gòu)成下面的句式： V + sb. + to do 其否定形式為：其否定形式為： V +sb. not

8、+to do(做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))She told me not to give the book to him. I asked Paul to carry the box.4. 不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：即動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：即動(dòng)詞+sb. +to do的結(jié)構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)中，這里的中，這里的to do就是做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)就是做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1.Dont ask Jim _(go) swimming with us, because his mother wont allow him _(do) so.2. Does you mother wish you _a doctor? A. being B. to be

9、 C. become3. My teacher always tells me _ (study) hard.4. I dont want you _ (help) me.5. Shed like me _ (join) them.6. I wish you _ (have) a good time.My best friends teach me _ (swim).8. Her friend often invites her _ (have) dinner.9. My mother always gets my father _ (do) housework.10. I order you

10、 _ (wash) your hands 但使役動(dòng)詞（但使役動(dòng)詞（let .make .have)和感官動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞(see .watch.look at .hear. feel)的賓補(bǔ)常省略的賓補(bǔ)常省略to即：即：V. +sb. +do He often makes his sister wash his clothes.I see the little girl run into the school.1. When they went into the park, they saw someone _ Chinese Kongfu . play B. played C. to play

11、2.Mr. Brown made his students _ the new words again. copying B. copy C. to copy3.Please let the students_ down. A. sitting B. to sit C. sit4.Is Wei Fang good at singing? - Yes, she is. We often hear her _ in her room. A.to sing B. sing C. sings 5. I get up early to catch the bus.(做目的狀語(yǔ)做目的狀語(yǔ))不定式作狀語(yǔ)一般

12、表示目的，原因或結(jié)果不定式作狀語(yǔ)一般表示目的，原因或結(jié)果I am sorry to hear that.Lets stop to have a rest.The orange are too high to reach. She didnt work hard enough to pass the exam.(表原因表原因)(表目的表目的)(表結(jié)果表結(jié)果)5. 不定式做狀語(yǔ)：常用來表示目的，原因或結(jié)果。不定式做狀語(yǔ)：常用來表示目的，原因或結(jié)果。 She sells flowers _ make money. A. made B. make C. to make2.The room is not

13、 big enough _. A.to live in B. for living C.to live3. Im sorry _ you . hit B. to hit C. hitting 4. He is too young _ (go) to school.6. 作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)(后置）后置）I have something _ 要說要說.2.She has a lot of work _做做 every day .3. The old man has a house _ 住住.4. She is a nice person_ 談?wù)勗捲?.to say to doto live into t

14、alk with6. 不定式做定語(yǔ)：用來修飾前面的名詞或者不定代詞。不定式做定語(yǔ)：用來修飾前面的名詞或者不定代詞。注意：注意： 他在找一個(gè)房間住。他在找一個(gè)房間住。沒什么可擔(dān)心的。沒什么可擔(dān)心的。 請(qǐng)給我把筆來寫東西。請(qǐng)給我把筆來寫東西。He is looking for a room to live in There is nothing to worry aboutPlease give me a pen to write with不定式和賓語(yǔ)之間有時(shí)候必須加上不定式和賓語(yǔ)之間有時(shí)候必須加上相應(yīng)的介詞相應(yīng)的介詞，才能構(gòu)成完，才能構(gòu)成完整的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。整的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。7. 疑問詞疑問詞+ to

15、do 構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)。構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)。We dont know when to leave Beijing.Can you show me how to swim.He didnt tell me when to leave.1.Joe is teaching Alice _the chair. how mend B. how mending C. how to mend2. I dont know what_ (do) next. 3. Could you tell me when _ (have) dinner?8. 在學(xué)習(xí)不定式中在學(xué)習(xí)不定式中,我們需要注意些什么呢我們需要注意些什么呢?1）記住基本

16、形式）記住基本形式:to do 否定否定: not to do 2） to do 是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,不能充不能充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)當(dāng)謂語(yǔ). 但可以和系動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)但可以和系動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu).如如: My dream is to be a doctor.3）感官動(dòng)詞感官動(dòng)詞see, watch, hear, feel等和等和使役動(dòng)詞使役動(dòng)詞make, let等接等接do作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí),do 稱為稱為不帶不帶to的不定式的不定式如如: Do you often see him play tennis on the playground?4）充當(dāng)）

17、充當(dāng)后置定語(yǔ)時(shí)后置定語(yǔ)時(shí),要特別注意動(dòng)詞的不定式短語(yǔ)中要特別注意動(dòng)詞的不定式短語(yǔ)中的介詞不能省去的介詞不能省去.如如: The old man have no house to live in.8. 只能跟只能跟ving 的動(dòng)詞：的動(dòng)詞：vfinish, enjoy, mind, keep(on), practise, feel like(want), be busy doing . give up, look forward to doing, cant help doing, 1. I cant help _ (cry) . 2. He didnt finish _ (do) homewo

18、rk. 3. Would you mind _ (close) the window. 4. Every day Mary practise _ (speak) English. 5. Kangkang is busy _ (watch) TV now. 6. I look forward to _ (hear) from you. 7. They keep _ (play) basketball. 8. My sister feels like _ (eat) ice cream.9. 既可以跟動(dòng)詞不定式既可以跟動(dòng)詞不定式 又可以跟又可以跟Ving 的幾組動(dòng)詞的幾組動(dòng)詞v而意思無太大區(qū)別的：

19、而意思無太大區(qū)別的：vlike to do vlike doing vprefer. hate begin start .10. 注意注意Stop to do 與與stop doing ：vstop to do 指的是：停下其它的事情，去做指的是：停下其它的事情，去做不定式的動(dòng)作。不定式的動(dòng)作。We are so tired. Lets stop to have a rest. 我們太累了，讓我們停下來休息一會(huì)兒吧。我們太累了，讓我們停下來休息一會(huì)兒吧。Stop doing是指停下來正在做的事情。是指停下來正在做的事情。 The students stopped talking when th

20、e teacher came in. She reached the top of the hill and stopped _on a big rock by the side of the path. A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest2. Its time for class ,please stop_(talk)3. He stopped _(say)hello to me when he saw me.4. Its too late,lets stop_(work)5. He stopped_(cry) when seein

21、g his mother.C Ctalkingto sayworkingcryingremember to do 記得要去做記得要去做remember doing 記得曾經(jīng)做過記得曾經(jīng)做過 Please remember to bring your book with you tomorrow. I remember bringing my book this morning. forget doing 曾經(jīng)做過這件事，但后來忘了曾經(jīng)做過這件事，但后來忘了 forget to do 忘記要做一件事忘記要做一件事 （根本沒做）（根本沒做）vI often forget to turn off t

22、he light, but I remember turning it off last night.1. Dont forget _ your homework with you when you come tomorrow. to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking2. - Do you still remember _ me somewhere in Beijing? - Yes, of course. Two years ago. to see B. see C. seeing D. saw3.Remember _(not be) late n

23、ext time!11. find it+adj+to do =find (that) it is to do. think itto do =think (that) it is adj+to do sth. I found it easy to learn English. =I found it is easy to learn Enlish.Exercise:I felt it hard _(give) up _(smoke)12. Its time to do sth.Its ones duty to do sthIts ones turn to do sth Take turns to do sth.It takes sb some time to do sthIt costs sb some money to do sth主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ adj to do sth It cost me 5 yuan _ (buy) the book yesterday. It will take him 8 minutes _ (get) there. We take turns _ (clean) the classroom.4. Its already time _(stop) _(discu