1、頁(yè)眉內(nèi)容Part III Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections : In this section , you will hear 8 short conversations and2 long con versations . At the end of each conversation , one or more questions will be asked a bout what was said . Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only onc e. A

2、fter each question there will be a pause. During the pause , you must read thefour choices marked A ) , B ) , C) and D ) , and decide which is the best answer Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre .11.W This crazy bus schedule has got me completel

3、y confused. I can ' t figure outwhen my bus to Cleveland leaves?M Why don ' t you just go to the ticket window and ask?Q： What does the man suggest the woman do? 12.W I really enjoyed the TV special about drafts last night. Did you get home in time to see it?W Oh, yes , but I wish I could ha

4、ve stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing .Q： What does the man mean?13.W Airport , please .I'm running a little late . So just take the fastest way even if it ' s not the most direct .M Sure , but there is a lot of traffic everywhere today because of the footbal l game .Q： What do

5、we learn about the woman from the conversation? 14.W May I make a recommendation , sir? Our seafood with this special sauce is ve ry good .M Thank you , but I don ' t eat shellfish . I ' m allergic to it .Q： Where does this conversation most probably take place?15. W： now one more question i

6、f you don ' t mind , what position in the company appeals to you most?M Well , I ' d like the position of sales manager if that position is still vac ant .Q： What do we learn about the man?16. M： I don ' t think I want to live in the dormitory next year. I need moreprivacy .W I know what

7、 you mean . But check out the cost if renting an apartment first I won ' t be surprised if you change your mind.Q： What does the woman imply?17. M： You' re on the right track . I just think you need to narrow the topic down.W Yeah , you ' re right . I always start by choosing two boarder

8、 topics when I m doing a research paper .Q： What do we learn from the conversation?18. W： This picnic should beat the last one we went to, doesn ' t it?M Oh, yeah , we had to spend the whole time inside. Good thing , the weatherwas cooperative this time .What do we learn about the speakers from

9、the conversation?Long ConversationConversation OneM When I say I live in Sweden , people always want to know about the seasonsW The seasons?M Yeah , you know how cold it is in winter? What is it like when the days are so short?W So what is it like?M Well , it is cold , very cold in winter . Sometime

10、s it is cold as 26 degrees below centigrade . And of course when you go out , you ' ll wrap up warm . But insidein the houses its always very warmmuch warmer than at home . Swedish people always complain that when they visit England, the houses are cold even in the good winter .W And what about

11、the darkness?M Well , yeah , around Christmas time there ' s only one hour of daylight , so you really looks forward to the spring. It is sometimes a bit depressing. But yousee the summers are amazing , from May to July in the North of Sweden the sun never sets . It ' s still light in the mi

12、dnight. You can walk in the mountains and read anewspaper.W Oh, yeah , the land of the midnight sunM Yeah, that ' s right , but it ' s wonderful . You won' t stay up all night . And the Swedes makes most of it often they started work earlier in summer and then l eave at about 2 or 3 in t

13、he afternoon, so that they can really enjoy the long summer evenings . They ' d like to work hard , but play hard , too . I think Londoners wor k longer hours , but I ' m not sure this is a good thing .Q19： What do we learn about the man from the conversation?Q20： What do Swedish people comp

14、lain about when they visit England in winter?Q21： How does the man describe the short hour of daylight around Christmas in S weden?Q21： What does the man say about the Swedish people?Conversation TwoW What kind of training does one need to go into this type of job?M That ' s a very good question

15、 . I don ' t think there is any , specifically .W For example , in your case , what was your educational background?M Well , I did a degree in French at Nottingham. After that , I did careers work in secondary schools like the careers guidance people. Here is in the university. Then I went into

16、local government because I found I was more interested in the a dministrative side . Then progressed on to universities . So there wasn ' t any plan and there was no specific training. There are plenty of training courses in management techniques and committee work which you can attend now.W But

17、 in the first placeyou did a French degreeM In my time , there wasn ' t a degree you could do for administration. I think most of the administrators I ' ve come across have degrees and all sorts of things.W Well , I know in my case , I did an English literature degree and I didn' treally

18、 expect to end up doing what I am doing now.M Quite .W But you are local to Nottingham , actually? Is there any reason why you wentto Nottingham University?M No, no , I come from the north of England , from west Yorkshire . Nottingha m was one of the universities I put on my list. And I like the loo

19、k of it. The campus is just beautiful .W Yes, indeed . Let ' s see . Were you from the industrial part of Yorkshire?M Yes , from the Woolen District .Q23. What was the man ' s major at university?Q24： What was the man ' s job in secondary schools?Q25： What attracted the man to Nottingham

20、 University?Section BPassage OneWhile Gail Obcamp , an American artist was giving a speech on the art of Japanese brush painting to an audience that included visitors from Japan, she was confusedto see that many of her Japanese listeners have their eyes closed. Were they tunedoff because an American

21、 had the nerve to instruct Japanese in their own art form or they deliberately tried to signal their rejection of her? Obcamp later found out that her listeners were not being disrespectful. Japanese listeners sometimes closed their eyes to enhance concentration . Her listeners were showing their re

22、spect for he r by chewing on her words . Some day you may be either a speaker or a listener in a situation involving people from other countries or members of minority group in North America . Learning how different cultures signal respect can help you avoid misunderstandings . Here are some example

23、s . In the deaf culture of North America, many listeners show applause not by clapping their hands but by waving them in the air. In some culturesboth overseas and in some minority groups in North Americalisteners are considered disrespectful if they look directly at the speaker. Respect isshown by

24、looking in the general direction but avoiding direct eye contact. In somecountries , whistling by listeners is a sign of approval while in other courtiers it is a form of insult .Questions :26. What did Obcamp ' s speech focus on?27. Why do Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes while lis

25、tening to a s peech?28. What does the speaker try to explain?Passage TwoChris is in charge of purchasing and maintaining equipment in his Division at Ta xlong Company . He is soon going to have an evaluation interview with his supervisor and the personnel director to discuss the work he has done in

26、the past year. Salary ,promotion and plans for the coming year will also be discussed at the meeting. Chris has made several changes for his Division in the past year. First , he bought new equipment for one of the departments . He has been particularly happy about the ne w equipment because many of

27、 the employees have told him how much it has helped the m. Along with improving the equipment , Chris began a program to train employees to use equipment better and do simple maintenance themselves. The training saved timefor the employees and money for the company . Unfortunately , one serious prob

28、lem de veloped during the year . Two employees the Chris hired were stealing, and he had to fire them . Chris knows that a new job for a purchasing and maintenance manager fo r the whole company will be open in a few months, and he would like to be promotedto the job . Chris knows , however , that s

29、omeone else wants that new job , too . Ki m is in charge of purchasing and maintenance in another Division of the company. She has also made several changes over the year. Chris knows that his boss likes Kim's work , and he expects that his work will be compared with hers.Questions 29 to 32 are

30、based on the passage you have just heard.29. What is Chris ' s main responsibility at Taxlong Company?30. What problem did Chris encounter in his Division?31. What does Chris hope for in the near future?32. What do we learn about Kim from the passage?Passage ThreeProverbs , sometimes called sayi

31、ngs , are examples of folk wisdom . They are lit tle lessons which older people of a culture pass down to the younger people to teach them about life . Many proverbs remind people of the values that are important in the culture . Values teach people how to act , what is right , and what is wrong . B

32、e cause the values of each culture are different, understanding the values of anotherculture helps explain how people think and act. Understanding your own culture values is important too . If you can accept that people from other cultures act according to their values , not yours , getting along wi

33、th them will be much easier. Many proverbs are very old . So some of the values they teach may not be as important in t he culture as they once were . For example , Americans today do not pay much attenti on to the proverb “ Haste makes waste ” , because patience is not important to them.But if you

34、know about past values , it helps you to understand the present and many of the older values are still strong today. Benjamin Franklin , a famous American diplomat , writer and scientist , died in 1790, but his proverb “Time is money ” istaken more seriously by Americans of today than ever before. A

35、 study of proverbs from around the world shows that some values are shared by many cultures. In many cases though , the same idea is expressed differently.Questions 33 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. Why are proverbs so important?34. According to the speaker what happens to some

36、proverbs with the passage of time?35. What do we learn from the study of proverbs from around the world?Section CCompound DictationOur lives are woven together . As much as I enjoy my own company , I no longer i magine I can get through a single day much less all my life completely on my own. Even i

37、f I am on vacation in the mountains, I am eating food someone else has grown ,living in a house someone else has built, wearing clothes someone else has sewn from cloth woven by others , using electricity someone else is distributing to my hous e. Evidence of interdependence is everywhere ； we are o

38、n this journey together .As I was growing up , I remember being carefully taught that independence not in terdependence was everything ." Make your own way " , " Stand on your own two feet”or my mother ' s favorite remark when I was face to face with consequences of some action :

39、Now that you ' ve made your bed , lie on it .Total independence is a dominant thing in our culture. I imagine that what my parents were trying to teach me was to take responsibilities for my actions and my ch oices . But the teaching was shaped by our cultural imagines. And instead , I grewup be

40、lieving that I was supposed to be totally independent and consequently became v ery reluctant to ask for help. I would do almost anything not to be a burden, andnot require any help from anybody .2011年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試聽(tīng)力答案聽(tīng)力11. ask the staff12 . b TV program13 . missing her flight14 . at a restaurant15 of t

41、he woman16 . a low rent apartment17 . otpic more focused18 . they didnot19 . he likes20 . the cold21 . depressing22 . they work23 . french24 . careers25 . its26 . t he art of27 . to enhance28 . how listeners29 . directing30 . twoofhis employee31. advancement32. sheis competing33 . The help34 . Their

42、 wording35 . Some聽(tīng)力篇章36. company37. single38 . completely39 . vacation40 . built41 . ecectricity42 evidence43 . JourneyWhy Integrity Matters為什么正直很重要What is Integrity?正直是什么？"Integrity" is defined as "adherence to moral and ethical principles； honesty .'The key to integrity is consi

43、stencynot only setting high personal standards foroneself (honesty , responsibility , respect for others , fairness ) but also living up to those standards each day . One who has integrity is bound by and follows mor al and ethical standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which ma

44、y beclouded by stress , pressure to succeed , or temptation .對(duì)于"integrity"（正直）這個(gè)詞的定義是“堅(jiān)守道德倫理原則，誠(chéng)實(shí)”，達(dá)到正直的關(guān)鍵是一致性：不僅給自己樹(shù)立高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（誠(chéng)實(shí)守信、有責(zé)任感、尊重他人、公平公正），更要堅(jiān)持不懈 遵守這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。正直的人即使在面對(duì)人生中艱難的選擇時(shí)，比如飽受精神壓力、不許失敗的外部 壓力或者充滿誘惑的選擇，他也能感到道德倫理的約束并遵守準(zhǔn)則。What happens if we lie , cheat , steal , or violate other ethical s

45、tandards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed . But a lapse of integrity also affects o ur relationships with others . Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional . Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? T hus, integrity must be one of our

46、most important goals.如果我們說(shuō)謊了、騙人了、偷盜了、違背其他倫理準(zhǔn)則了會(huì)如何？我們會(huì)對(duì)自己感到失望、 感到羞愧。正直的缺失對(duì)人際關(guān)系也會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響。在任何重要的人際關(guān)系中，不論是私人關(guān)系還 是職業(yè)關(guān)系，信任都是必不可少的?？墒钦l(shuí)能去相信一個(gè)不誠(chéng)實(shí)、不公正的人呢？所以說(shuō)，正直 絕對(duì)是我們最重要的目標(biāo)之一。Risky Business風(fēng)險(xiǎn)那些事We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision making process has been undermined by stress or pee

47、r pressure. The real test of character iswhether we can learn from our mistake , by understanding why we acted as we did , an d then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.我們每個(gè)人都需要對(duì)自己的決定負(fù)責(zé)，即便在做決定的過(guò)程中受到了精神壓力或同事施加的 壓力的影響。對(duì)于性格的真正考驗(yàn)是看我們能否從過(guò)錯(cuò)中吸取經(jīng)驗(yàn)，解析自己為什么會(huì)犯下過(guò)錯(cuò)，從而去探索方法，在將來(lái)避免類似問(wèn)題。Making eth

48、ical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks , because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we canor one who fails to't make responsible choices . To identify risks , we need to know the rules and be a ware of the facts . For example

49、, one who doesn't know the rules about plagiarism ma y accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required . But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the m i

50、sconduct . Ignorance is not a defense .想要避免將來(lái)犯錯(cuò)，做出合乎道德的決定至關(guān)重要。我們必須學(xué)會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)榭床坏阶?己承擔(dān)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就做不出負(fù)責(zé)的決定。想要認(rèn)識(shí)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，我們需要知道事情的規(guī)則，并對(duì)實(shí)際情況有 所察覺(jué)。比方說(shuō)，一個(gè)不清楚剽竊規(guī)則的人可能不經(jīng)意間沒(méi)有向作者守信便用了他的話或觀點(diǎn)， 一個(gè)在研究過(guò)程中沒(méi)有仔細(xì)記錄資料來(lái)源的人可能無(wú)意中忘了將資料標(biāo)注為引用而直接使用。這 樣的違規(guī)雖然不是有意為之，但“無(wú)意”并不能作為行為不端的借口，無(wú)知不能作為辯護(hù)。"But Everybody Does It"別說(shuō)“每個(gè)人都這么干”Most pe

51、ople who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to foolthemselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it""I'm not hurting anyone , " or "I really need this grade. " Excuses can get very elaborate : "I know I&

52、#39;m looking at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper , but that's not cheating because I'm just checking my answer s, not copying . " We must be honest about our actions , and avoid excuses . If we fool ourselves into believing we're not

53、doing anything wrong, we can't see the realchoice we're makingand that leads to bad decisions .惹禍上身的人中絕大多數(shù)都知道規(guī)則和事實(shí)，但是他們總能找借口來(lái)忽悠自己，抹去所承擔(dān) 的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，比如“人人都這么干”、“我又沒(méi)害誰(shuí)”、“我真的需要這個(gè)分?jǐn)?shù)”。有些理由還很復(fù) 雜：“我知道自己有偷看其他人的試卷，雖然我應(yīng)該只把目光放在自己的卷子上。但那不是作弊， 我不過(guò)是核對(duì)一下答案，沒(méi)有抄襲?！蔽覀兊男袨楸仨氄\(chéng)實(shí)，不要給自己找借口。如果我們自欺 欺人地讓自己相信沒(méi)有做錯(cuò)事，那么我們將無(wú)法看清自己真

54、正的選擇，而這會(huì)讓我們做出糟糕的 決定。To avoid fooling yourself , watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder . Would you feel proud or ashamed of your actions? If you'd rather hide your actions , that's a good in

55、dication that you're taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself .想要避免自欺欺人，小心不要找借口，另外可以嘗試做這個(gè)測(cè)試：捫心自問(wèn)，如果你的行為 是公開(kāi)的，每個(gè)人都可能在監(jiān)視你的一舉一動(dòng)，你是會(huì)感到驕傲呢還是羞愧呢？如果你想隱瞞自 己的行為，那就明確意味著你是在冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)并給自己找借口。Evaluating Risks評(píng)估風(fēng)險(xiǎn)To decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences , in the future as we

56、ll as right now, negative as well as positive , and to others aswell as to yourself . Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immedi ate benefits ("what's in it for me" ) , and simply haven't considered what might go wrong . The consequences of getting caught are se

57、rious, and may include a "0" on atest or assignment ； an "F" in the class ； Suspension or Dismissal from school ； tra nscript notation ； and a tarnished reputation . In fact , when you break a rule or l aw, you lose control over your life, and give others the power to impose puni

58、shment : you have no control over what that punishment might be. This is an extremely precarious and vulnerable position . There may be some matters of life and death, orhighest principle , which might justify such a risk, but there aren't many things that fall in this category.要判斷一件事是否值得冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，你必須

59、考慮各種后果：現(xiàn)在的將來(lái)的，積極的消極的，對(duì)己 的對(duì)人的。那些冒了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)又后悔的人往往是只關(guān)注眼前利益(我有什么好處)，卻沒(méi)有考慮會(huì)造 成什么影響。行為被發(fā)現(xiàn)的后果非常嚴(yán)重：考試和作業(yè)得零分，這門(mén)課不及格，被學(xué)校停課或開(kāi) 除，被記過(guò)，名譽(yù)從此有污點(diǎn)。事實(shí)上，一旦你違反了規(guī)則或法律，你就失去了對(duì)自己生活的控 制權(quán)，同時(shí)給了別人懲罰你的權(quán)利，而你連對(duì)是何種懲罰也沒(méi)有掌控，這是極度危險(xiǎn)脆弱的處境。也許有些理由可以為這一冒險(xiǎn)辯護(hù)，什么事關(guān)生死、什么原則問(wèn)題，但是沒(méi)有多少理由可以把你 逼入這一境地。Getting Away With It Or Not僥幸逃脫了？不可能！Those who don't get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn't learn from the test , depriving him/herself of an education. Cheating undermines confidenceand independence : the cheater is