1、LOGOUnit 3Unit 3 life and familyKids or Cash: The Modern Marriage DilemmaKids or Cash: The Modern Marriage Dilemma Pre-reading QuestionsDo you know about the word DINKS ? And whats your opinion on it? 1 What changes have taken place in the attitudes of Chinese people toward marriage and family?23Wha

2、ts the role of children in families and in society?CONTENTSVocabularyVocabularyExercisesExercisesWriting & Writing & TranslatingTranslatingAnalysis of textAnalysis of textdilemma dilem 1.1.左右為難左右為難, , 進退兩難進退兩難 2.2.窘境，困境窘境，困境 E.g.E.g. 1. be in a dilemma 處在進退兩難的境地 2. She was in a dilemma whether to st

3、ay at school or get a job. 是繼續(xù)求學(xué)還是找工作, 她感到難以決定。 prospective prspektivlikely to become, happen 預(yù)期的，盼望的，未來的預(yù)期的，盼望的，未來的E.g.E.g. 1. prospective achievements 預(yù)期的成就 2. a prospective teacher 可能成為教師的人 3. a prospective student 有意前來就讀的學(xué)生 4. his prospective bride 他未來的新娘 5. a prospective statute 將會生效的法令 6. Is s

4、he a prospective buyer? 她可能成為我們的顧客么？equation ikwein 1.1.方程式方程式, , 等式等式 2.2.相等相等, , 平衡平衡 3.3.相等；等同看待相等；等同看待 E.g.E.g. 1. The solution can be expressed by a mathematical equation. 答案可用一個數(shù)學(xué)方程式來表示。 2. equation of the first ( second ) order (數(shù))一次（或二次等）方程 miscellaneous misleinis 不同種類的不同種類的, , 多種多樣的多種多樣的; ;

5、 混雜的混雜的 E.g.E.g. 1. a collection of goods 一批雜貨 2. miscellaneous odds and ends 零碎雜物 3. The report was buried under papers. 那份報告被各種各樣的文件所覆蓋。 adage did a traditional maxim 警句，格言，諺語警句，格言，諺語E.g.E.g. 1. As the old adage goes 古人云 2. Remember the old adage buy cheap, buy twice! 記住那句俗語：便宜無好貨。 3. I refer him

6、to the adage “a rolling stone gathers no moss.” 我以 “滾石不生苔” 這格言規(guī)勸他。 amenity mi:nti 1.(1.(環(huán)境環(huán)境, ,氣候等的氣候等的) )舒適舒適, ,宜人，適意宜人，適意 2.2.供享受的東西（或服務(wù)）；娛樂設(shè)施；福利設(shè)施供享受的東西（或服務(wù)）；娛樂設(shè)施；福利設(shè)施 3. (3. (amenitiesamenities) ) 禮儀，禮節(jié)禮儀，禮節(jié) E.g.E.g. 1. the amenity of the climate 氣候的溫和宜人 2. Parks and a theatre are just some of t

7、he towns local amenities. 公園和戲院只是市鎮(zhèn)娛樂設(shè)施的一部分。 3. an exchange of amenities 相互的致意，寒暄stereotype steri(u)taip 1. 1. 鉛板，用鉛板印制鉛板，用鉛板印制 2. n: 2. n: 陳規(guī)，老套，模式化的印象（或思想等）陳規(guī)，老套，模式化的印象（或思想等） 3. 3. v v: : 使成陳規(guī)，使模式化使成陳規(guī)，使模式化 E.g.E.g. 1. break through the 打破舊框框 2. The obedient Japanese woman is one example of an off

8、ensive cultural stereotype . 日本女人百依百順就是令人不快的文化固定觀念的一個例子。 3. treat or classify according to a mental stereotype. 根據(jù)頭腦中的一些陳套來對事物分類。 hedonist hi:dnist 快樂主義者，享樂主義者快樂主義者，享樂主義者 派生：派生：hedonismhedonism belief in pleasure as the highest good and humankinds proper aim 享樂主義享樂主義 adj: adj: hedonistichedonistic h

9、i:dhi:dnistiknistik decry dikrai 1. 1. 公開反對公開反對;譴責(zé)譴責(zé) 2. 2. 詆毀，貶低詆毀，貶低E.g.E.g. 1. The mayor decried gambling in all its forms. 市長譴責(zé)各式各樣的賭博。 2. Why decry the Wealth Gap? 貧富差距，為什么要譴責(zé)它? 3. It also seems that you would decry patriotism. 你似乎也抵毀了愛國主義。 shirk :k 退卻，逃避（職守，工作，責(zé)任，戰(zhàn)斗等）退卻，逃避（職守，工作，責(zé)任，戰(zhàn)斗等）E.g.E.g.

10、 1. shirk ones duty towards. 逃避對的責(zé)任 2. shirk school 逃學(xué) shirk work 逃避工作 3. If he could shirk off the responsibility upon the others, he would. 只要能把責(zé)任推給別人，他就推給別人。 imperative impertiv n:n: 1. 1.必要的事，緊急的事必要的事，緊急的事 2. 2. 祈使語氣祈使語氣E.g.E.g. 1. Survival is our first imperative. 我們當務(wù)之急是設(shè)法生存下來。 2. Job creation

11、 has become an imperative for the government. 創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機會是政府必須做的事。 3. Often used in the negative imperative. 常用于否定的祈使句中 imperative impertiv adj:adj: 1.1.必要的必要的, , 緊急的緊急的, , 迫切的，急需處理的迫切的，急需處理的 2.2.命令的命令的, ,專橫的專橫的 3.3.祈使的祈使的 E.g.E.g. 1. In business, a prompt reply is imperative. 在商業(yè)上迅速的回復(fù)是必要的。 2. He always

12、 speaks in an imperative tone of voice. 他老是用命令的口吻講話。 3. The imperative mood is a kind of grammatical phenomenon. 祈使語氣是一種語法現(xiàn)象。 procreate prkrieit have offspring or younghave offspring or young 生（兒女），生育生（兒女），生育 E.g.E.g. 1. To procreate (offspring) as the male parent. 作為父親生養(yǎng)（后代） 2. Why do we breathe, w

13、hy do we procreate ? 我們?yōu)槭裁匆粑?，為什么要生兒育女?righteous raits ( (人或行為）正義的，正直的，合法的人或行為）正義的，正直的，合法的 self-righteousself-righteous : : 自以為是的，偽善的E.g.E.g. 1. the righteous and the wicked 好人和壞人 2. They were filled with righteous indignation. 他們都義憤填膺。 3. The unrighteous penny corrupt righteous pound. 貪小便宜破大財。 ind

14、ignation indignein anger or scorn aroused by something felt to be unfair, anger or scorn aroused by something felt to be unfair, unworthy, or wrongunworthy, or wrong 憤怒，憤慨，不平，義憤憤怒，憤慨，不平，義憤E.g.E.g. 1. arouse sbs indignation 激起某人的憤慨 2. express indignation at sth 對某事表示憤怒 3. His heart swelled with indig

15、nation. 他義憤填膺 4. indignation against (with) a handful of terrorists. 對一小撮恐怖分子的義憤 mortgage m:id 1.（尤指用所購財產(chǎn)）抵押，按揭，抵押借款（尤指用所購財產(chǎn)）抵押，按揭，抵押借款 2. 把把當做抵押；以當做抵押；以作擔(dān)保；把作擔(dān)保；把許給許給E.g.E.g. 1. raise a mortgage (on a house) from a bank （用房子）向銀行抵押借款 2. pay off the mortgage 歸還抵押借款 3. to buy a house on mortgage 按揭購房

16、4. mortgage oneself to a cause 獻身于一項事業(yè) spouse spauz a husband or wifea husband or wife 配偶配偶 (pl.)(pl.) 夫婦夫婦E.g.E.g. 1. To take (as) a spouse 結(jié)婚 2. First in order: spouse , children, parents. 第一順序: 配偶、子女、父母。 3. They get free ticket for their spouse. 他們?yōu)榧覍兕I(lǐng)到了免費的票。 foolhardy fu:lh:di 有勇無謀的，魯莽蠻干的有勇無謀的，魯

17、莽蠻干的E.g.E.g. 1. in a hasty and foolhardy manner. 以草率的、有勇無謀的方式 2. They were very foolhardy to jump off the bus while it was still moving. “公共汽車還未停定他們就跳下了車,真是太莽撞了。 incremental inkrimentl 增加增加 量量, , 值值 的的, , 逐漸增長的逐漸增長的, , 遞增的遞增的 E.g.E.g. 1. lecturers enjoy steady incremental growth in salary. 演講者喜歡穩(wěn)定的增

18、加薪水。 2. For more than half centuries, the sciences of medical imaging grew steadily but slowly, as incremental improvements were made in the X-ray technique. 隨著x射線技術(shù)的不斷改進，醫(yī)學(xué)成像科學(xué)平穩(wěn)、 慢地發(fā)展了半個多世紀。 savvy svi v:v: 俚俚 理解理解; ; 領(lǐng)悟領(lǐng)悟 n:n: 理解能力理解能力, , 機智機智, , 悟性悟性 adj:adj: 精明老練的，聰慧的，明智的精明老練的，聰慧的，明智的E.g.E.g. 1.

19、 political savvy 政治上的老練 2. A: Savvy? B: No savvy. 甲：懂嗎？乙：不懂。 3. Where is your savvy? 你的聰明到哪里去了？（你難道不懂嗎？）bankruptcy bkrp(t)si 1. 1. 破產(chǎn)破產(chǎn), , 倒閉倒閉, , 無償付能力無償付能力 2. (2. (勇氣、智力、名譽等的勇氣、智力、名譽等的) )完全喪失完全喪失(of, in)(of, in)E.g.E.g. 1. declare bankruptcy 宣告破產(chǎn) 2. go into bankruptcy 陷入破產(chǎn) 3. the complete bankrupt

20、cy of sbs plans 某人計劃的徹底破產(chǎn) tough tf 1. 1. 堅韌堅固的，不易磨損的，咬不動的堅韌堅固的，不易磨損的，咬不動的 E.g.E.g. 1. Childrens shoes need to be tough. 2. a beefsteak as tough as leather. 2. 2. 健壯堅強的，吃苦耐勞的健壯堅強的，吃苦耐勞的 E.g.E.g. tough sailors / mountaineers 強壯的水手/山民 3. 3. 強硬的，頑固的強硬的，頑固的 E.g. E.g. a tough policy / /get tough with sb 4

21、. 4. 粗暴的，強橫的，充滿犯罪與暴力的粗暴的，強橫的，充滿犯罪與暴力的 E.g. E.g. a tough guy / criminal 無賴/ 怙惡不悛的罪犯tough tf 5. 5. 難對付的，費力的，棘手的，艱難的難對付的，費力的，棘手的，艱難的 E.g. E.g. 1. a tough job / problem / life 2. It was tough to find a job. 6. 6. 嚴格的，嚴格執(zhí)行紀律的嚴格的，嚴格執(zhí)行紀律的 E.g. E.g. t tough safety standards / a tough school 7. 7. 激烈的，緊張的激烈的

22、，緊張的 E.g. E.g. A tough contest 8. 8. 不幸的，倒霉的不幸的，倒霉的 E.g. E.g. Tough luck! 倒霉！ abhor bh: (abhorred; abhorring) 憎惡憎惡, , 厭惡厭惡, , 痛恨痛恨 E.g.E.g. 1. I abhor to tell lies. 我憎惡撒謊。 2. Most people abhor cruelty to children. 大多數(shù)人都對虐待兒童感到厭惡。 strain strein v:v: 1.1.拉緊，繃緊，使緊張，使過勞拉緊，繃緊，使緊張，使過勞 2.2.盡力，努力，使勁盡力，努力，使勁

23、 n:n: 拉緊，過度使用，極度緊張，嚴峻考驗；扭傷拉緊，過度使用，極度緊張，嚴峻考驗；扭傷 E.g.E.g. 1. strain every nerve 全力以赴，竭盡全力 2. strain ones voice 盡力提高嗓子，喊啞嗓子 3. Worked under deadly strain . 在極度的緊張狀態(tài)下工作 weigh 1.1.稱稱 的重量的重量 2.2.掂量，認真考慮，權(quán)衡掂量，認真考慮，權(quán)衡 E.g.E.g. 1. weigh sth in ones hands 用手掂估某物重量 2. weigh ones words 斟酌詞句 3. weigh the pros an

24、d cons 考慮正反兩面意見 4. weigh the advantages and disadvantages 權(quán)衡利弊food for thought 精神食糧，發(fā)人深思的東西精神食糧，發(fā)人深思的東西 E.g.E.g. 1. There is much food for thought in the film. 這部電影里有很多值得思考的東西。 2. But this serves as an excellent food for thought . 但是，這恰恰是一個極好的啟示。 3. Does it not give food for prolonged and deep thoug

25、ht? 這還不可以深長思之嗎？ on the decline 走下坡路走下坡路, , 在衰退中在衰退中 E.g.E.g. 1. Interest in sports in our town is on the decline. 我們鎮(zhèn)對體育運動的興趣在下降。 2. She is on the decline, and may die soon. 她的健康每況愈下，可能不久于人世。 3. the day is declining 時近黃昏 declining years 晚年go it alone 單干，單干， 獨自過活獨自過活 E.g.E.g. 1. He decide to go it al

26、one and start his own business. 他決定單干創(chuàng)業(yè)。 2. Ill go it alone if my family refuse to help. 如果我家人拒絕幫忙，我將單獨干。 3. John wants to leave home and go it alone . 約翰想離開家獨立生活。 factor into figure into; include 把把視為因素視為因素 factor out 不把不把視為因素視為因素 E.g.E.g. 1. factor inflation into calculations 把通貨膨脹的因素計算在內(nèi) 2. We fa

27、ctored sick days and vacations in when we prepared the work schedule. Text Structure1 12 23 3Weighing the Weighing the decision to decision to have children have children has not gotten has not gotten any easier.any easier. Para 1 & 2Para 1 & 2 Figures to Figures to show the show the major expenses

28、major expenses in child-rearing in child-rearing -decision is a -decision is a financial one.financial one. Para 3 13Para 3 13Conclusion -Conclusion -to review to review your personal your personal situation and situation and make the make the right choices.right choices. Para 14Para 14 gross v:v: 獲

29、得獲得總收入（或毛利）總收入（或毛利） n:n: 總額，總量總額，總量 adj:adj: 總的，毛的；十足的，嚴重的；濃密茂盛的總的，毛的；十足的，嚴重的；濃密茂盛的 1. My last picture grossed four million. 我最近的一部影片獲得400萬總收入。 2. The gross for the year was 50,000. 年總收入為5萬美元。 3. gross weight / profit 毛重/ 毛利 gross national product 國民生產(chǎn)總值 a gross bookworm 十足的書呆子 a gross fog 濃霧 raise

30、1. 1. 舉起，升高舉起，升高 ones eyes 舉目仰望 ones hand / hat / glass to sb. 揮手/ 舉帽致意/舉杯 2. 2. 喚起，引起，惹起（騷亂等）喚起，引起，惹起（騷亂等） the country against the enemy 喚起全國人民抗敵 3. 3. 提高，增加，提升提高，增加，提升 the spirit 提高情緒 ones voice 提高嗓子 4. 4. 使復(fù)活，蘇醒使復(fù)活，蘇醒 sb. from the dead 使某人起死回生 raise 5. 5. 提出，發(fā)出提出，發(fā)出 a question for discussion 提出問題

31、供討論 a shout 發(fā)出叫喊聲 6. 6. 籌款，招兵，召集籌款，招兵，召集 funds 籌集資金 a loan 貸一筆款 a regiment 招募一團兵 7. 7. 種植，飼養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育種植，飼養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育 crops 種莊稼 Where was he d? 他是在哪兒長大的？ breakdown 1.1.（機器等的）損壞，故障（機器等的）損壞，故障 Our car had a on the road. 我們的車在路上出了故障。 2. (2. (精神精神) )崩潰，（健康，體力等）的衰竭崩潰，（健康，體力等）的衰竭 suffer a nervous 精神崩潰 3. 3. 失敗，終止失敗，終止

32、the of trade talks 貿(mào)易談判的失敗 4. 4. 分類，分析分類，分析 a of the costs 成本的分類剖析 in the course of 在在過程中，在過程中，在期間期間 1. in the course of a year 一年當中 2. The subject cropped up in the course of conversation. 談話中無意間提到了這個話題。 3. My heart beat thickly in the course of the interview. 在面試過程中我的心跳得厲害。 all but the most 除了除了外，

33、都外，都 1. My father frowns on all but the most conventional of dress. 除最普通的服裝外，我父親都看不順眼。 2. The builders have reduced the cost by pruning the house of all but the most necessary things. 建筑除去了房屋所有不必要的東西，只保留了最必須的部分，進而降低了成本。 leverage li:vrid n:n: 1.1. 物物杠桿作用杠桿作用, 杠桿的力量，杠桿效力杠桿的力量，杠桿效力 2.2. 力量力量, , 影響，影響力影

34、響，影響力 v:v: 1. 1. 促使促使改變改變 2.2.舉債經(jīng)營舉債經(jīng)營E.g.E.g. 1. Well have to use leverage to move this huge rock. 我們不得不借助杠桿之力來移動這塊巨石。 2. He has some leverage over the politician. 他對這位政界人士有些影響。 3. We need to leverage this company. 我們需使這家公司舉債經(jīng)營。 ExercisesReading Comprehension Choose the best answer according to Tex

35、t A. 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. D 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. CVocabulary Choose the appropriate word or expression to fill in each blank. 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. C 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. DB. Replace the italicized parts in the following sentences with words or expressions from Text A that best keep the ori

36、ginal meanings. 1.dilemma 2. spouse 3. food for thought 4. incremental 5. leverages 6. gross 7. in part 8. tough 9. righteous 10. toughSentence StructureSentence Structure1. Weighing the decision to publish the three novels has not gotten any easier. However, the decision was only a personal choice and I didnt put the blame on the publishing house.2. Advertisers and politicians are terribly stereotyped as less likely to keep promises because some of their members fail to do so.3. Clinically depress