1、初中英語八大時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)總復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)講解一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)【展示平臺(tái)】1 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)用來表示經(jīng)常，反復(fù)，習(xí)慣性發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)， 常與表 示頻率的副詞sometimes （有時(shí)）,often （經(jīng)常）,usually （通常）,always（總是）等連用。時(shí)間狀語 in the morning/ afternoon/ evening（在上午/下午/晚上）,every day/ week/ month/ year（每天/周/月/年，at noon/night（在中午/夜里），on Monday/Tuesday （在星期一/二）等也可用在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 態(tài)中。如：Bruce usually walks t

2、o school.布魯斯通常步行去上學(xué)。We have two P.E classes every week.我們每周上兩節(jié)體育課。2表示現(xiàn)在的特征或狀態(tài)。如：She is always ready to help others.她總是樂于助人。He is 13 years old. 他 13 歲了。3表示事實(shí)或客觀真理，或在諺語中，也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day.太陽每天東升西落。When there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。4 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的基本句

3、型1）肯定句： 主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他 主語（第三人稱單數(shù)）+動(dòng)詞-s+其他 如：They live in China. 他們住在中國。He likes eating apples.他喜歡吃蘋果。2）否定句：主語+don' t+動(dòng)詞原形+其他主語（第三人稱單數(shù)）+doesn' t+動(dòng)詞原形+其他 如：They don' t live in China.他們不住在中國。He doesn' t like eating apples. 他不喜歡吃蘋果。3） 一般疑問句：Do+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？Does+主語（第三人稱單數(shù)）+動(dòng)詞原形+ 其他？如：Do they li

4、ve in China? 他們住在中國嗎？Does he like eating apples?他喜歡吃蘋果嗎？【相關(guān)鏈接】當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱的單數(shù)形式。謂語動(dòng)詞的第三人 稱單數(shù)形式的變化規(guī)則如下：1. 一般在動(dòng)詞后直接加 so 如：talk - talks, live - lives 。2）以s, x., ch, sh或o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞在其后加 es。如：watch - watches, wash -washes, go - goes。3）以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把y變成i再加es。如：carry - carries, fly - flies o4）特殊的，如：have

5、的第三人稱單數(shù)為has?！緺渴种锌肌?. Bob often his mother with the housework on SundaysA. help B. helping C. helps D. helped【解析】 根據(jù)題中的時(shí)間狀語often 和 on Sundays 可判斷該句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。主語Bob是第三人稱單數(shù)，所以謂語動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)為單數(shù)加s,故選C。3. What did the teacher say just now? He said that the earth round the sun. (福州)A. go B. goes C. went D. will goII

6、. 用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1. I (write) to you as soon as I (get) to London.2. He doeant feel well and (not eat) any food this morning.3. He not (see) me come in, for he (read) something with great interest.9. What your mother (do) at eight yesterday evening? She (wash) clothes.15. Will you come if he (not come

7、)?19. I dont know if Mr.Wang (go) to Shanghai tomorrow. If he (go), I _(ask) him (take) some books to my daughter, because she (st udy) there.III 單項(xiàng)選擇：1 .The students will go to the Summer Palace if it tomorrow.A.don t rain B. doesn t rain C. wont rain2 . There an English film next week.A. will have

8、 B. is going to have C. is going to be D. was going to be5. They the office at nine yesterday morning.A. reached to B. arrived C. went D. get to6. We shall go to Shanghai on business before you back next week.A. wil come B. came C. would come D. come7. Dont smoke until the plane off.A.takes B.took C

9、.was taken D.is take8. I saw her the room this morning.A.to enter B. entered C. enter D. enters10. John is always others.A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help二、一般過去時(shí)：概念：過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。時(shí)間狀語： ago, yesterday, the day before ysterday, last week（year, night, month）,in 1989, just now, at

10、 the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動(dòng)詞；行為動(dòng)詞否定形式：was/were+not在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑問句：was或were放于旬首；用助動(dòng)詞do的過去式did提問，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。1 一般過去時(shí)態(tài)場用來表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 常用時(shí)間狀語有：yesterday （昨天）,last night （昨晚），last week （上個(gè)星期），fourdays ago （四天前）,in 2002 （在 2002 年）,just now （剛

11、才）,the day before yesterday （前天）。如：He went to the park yesterday.她昨天去了公園。（表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作）I was ten years old in 2003. 我2003年才10歲。（表示過去某個(gè)時(shí) 間存在的狀態(tài)）2表示過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作也用一般過去時(shí)。此時(shí)常和表示頻率的副詞：always（總是），often （經(jīng)常），sometimes （有時(shí)）等連用。如：He always went to school early last year.他去年總是早早上學(xué)。3表達(dá)去世的人所做的事往往也用一般過去時(shí)。如：Ying Zhen

12、g was the first king in China.贏政是中國的第一個(gè)皇帝。4 一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成1）肯定句：主語+動(dòng)詞的過去式+其他如： We enjoyed ourselves in the zoo yesterday.我們昨天在動(dòng)物園里玩得很高興。2）否定句：主語+didn ' t +動(dòng)詞原形+其他如： We didn' t enjoy ourselves in the zoo yesterday.我們昨天在動(dòng)物園里玩得不高興。3） 一般疑問句：Did +主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他如：Did you enjoy yourselves in the zoo yesterd

13、ay?你們昨天在動(dòng)物園里玩得高興嗎？【相關(guān)鏈接】在一般過去時(shí)態(tài)中會(huì)涉及到動(dòng)詞的過去式，大家要掌握規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式的變化規(guī)則。變化規(guī)則如下：1） 一般情況下，在動(dòng)詞原形后直接 ed。如：play - played , look - looked。2）以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞在其后加 do如：like - liked, use -used。3）與輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把y變成i再加ed。 如：carry - carried, marry - married 。4）以重讀閉音節(jié)（或r音節(jié)）結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，雙寫這個(gè)輔音 字母，冉力口 ed。如： stop - stopped, prefer -

14、preferred 。當(dāng)然，剛才提到的都是規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成，我們還學(xué)過許多不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式形式。如：put - put, see - saw, eat - ate等，這些可需要我們在課下牢牢記 住喲！【牽手中考】C. happening s the matter?D. happen1 .What to her yesterday evening?A. was happened B.happened2 . Hi, Kate. You look tired. WhatIwell last night.A. didn ' t sleep B. don ' t sleepC. hasn

15、 ' t slept D. won ' t sleep3. Whenyouyour old friends?The day before yesterday.A. will; visit B. did; visit三、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。C. / ; visitD. have; visited1. I(watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father(read) a newspaper last night.3. We to zoo yesterday, we to the park. (go)4. you(visit) your re

16、latives last Spring Festival?5. he(fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he.6. Gao Shan(pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I(sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother.8. What she(find) in the garden last morning? She(find) abeautiful butterfly.9. It(be) Ben ' s birthday last FirSdlOWe all(have)

17、 a good time last night.三.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示此時(shí)此刻正在發(fā)生的事或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常和時(shí)間狀語now,at the moment 連用。 如：They are singing at the moment. 他們正在唱歌。Li Ming is making a report now.李明現(xiàn)在正在做報(bào)告2表示現(xiàn)階段正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作也用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)來表達(dá)，此時(shí)常和時(shí)間狀語thesedays連用。如： We are mending the car these days.這些日子我們一直在修車。3某些瞬間動(dòng)詞如come, leave, arrive, die等用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

18、表示將來，即這個(gè)動(dòng)作將要發(fā)生。如：She says she is coming soon.她說她馬上就來。The match girl is dying.那個(gè)賣火柴的小女孩快要死了。4現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的基本句型1)肯定句：主語+am/ is/ are + V-ing + 其他。如：Nancy is reading a book now.南茜正在讀書。The twins are playing in their bedroom.2)否定句：主語+am/ is/ are + not + 其他。如：Nancy isn ' t reading a book now.南茜沒有正在讀書。The twi

19、ns aren ' t playing in their bedr oom.那對雙胞胎沒有正在臥室里玩3)一股疑問句：Am/ Is/ Are+ 主語+ V-ing + 其他？如：Is Nancy reading a book now?南茜正在讀書嗎？Are the twins playing in their bedroom?那對雙胞胎正在臥室里玩嗎？【相關(guān)鏈接】1現(xiàn)在分詞(即V-ing形式)的構(gòu)成1 ) 一般在動(dòng)詞的后面直接加-ing 。如：listen - listening, look - looking .2)以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去e力口 ing.如：take - ta

20、king , make-making .3)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母再加ing。如 sit sitting, stop stopping .4)特殊的如：lie - lying, die - dying 等。2 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別1) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用以說明客觀事實(shí)或情況， 或用于強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的永久性或經(jīng)常性 ; 而 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，而且這個(gè)動(dòng)作常含有未完成之意。如：We usually have four classes in the morning.我上午通常上四節(jié)課。 Why can t Lily go with me? 麗麗為什么不能和

21、我們一起去呢？ Because she is doing her homework now. 因?yàn)樗谧鲎鳂I(yè)。2) always 用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用于說明事實(shí)，一般不帶有感情色彩；而現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與 always (即 be always doing sth. )連用，常表示說話人的某種感情，如：贊揚(yáng)，批評，厭煩等。如：He always works late. 他總是工作到很晚。 (表示事實(shí))He is always working late. 他總是工作到很晚。 (表示贊揚(yáng))He is always talking big. 他老愛說大話。 (表示厭煩)【牽手中考】1. Look! The b

22、oys happily in the river.A. swim B. swam C. will swim D. are swimming2. -Can your brother make a model airplane?-Yes, this week he a new model.A. builds B. is builtC. had builtD. is building3. Shall we invite Tom to play football now? Oh, no. He his clothes.A. is washing B. washes C. has washed二、用所給

23、的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1. The boy ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother ( cook )some nice food now.4. What you ( do ) now?5. Look . They ( have) an English lesson .6. They (not ,water) the flowers now.7. Look! the girls (dance )in the classroom .8. What is our son doin

24、g? She (listen ) to music.9. It s5 o clock now. We (have)supper now10. Helen(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)練習(xí)題()1. Who over there now?A. singing B. are sing C. is singing D. sing()2. It s eight o clock. The students _ an Englishclass. A.have B.having C.is having D.are having()3. Listen! T

25、he baby in the next room.A. crying B. cried C. is crying D. cries()4. Look! The twins new sweaters.A. are wearing B. wearing C. are wear D. is wearing()5. Don t talk here. Grandparents .A . is sleeping B. are sleeping C. sleeping D. sleep()6. Tom is a worker. He in a factory. His sisters in a hospit

26、al.A. work/ work B. works/ work C. work/ works()7. Who English best in your class?A. speak B. speaks C. speaking()8. Mrs Read the windows every day.A. is cleaning B. clean C. cleans()9. We music and often to music.A. like/ listen B. likes/ listens C. like/ are listening()10. She _ up at six in the m

27、orning.A. get B. gets C. getting()11. The twins usually _ milk and bread for breakfast, but Jim somecoffee for it.A. have/ have B. have/ has C. has/ have四、過去進(jìn)行時(shí):概念：表示過去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。時(shí)間狀語：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語等?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+doing否定形式：was/were + not + d

28、oing.一般疑問句：把 was或were放于旬首。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)是表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 可以從兩個(gè)方面來理解：1 過去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 E.g. They were playing football at teno clock yesterday morning. My mother was cooking when I got home. I was washing my clothes at this time yesterday.2 過去某階段持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作What were you doing during the holiday? 另外，在復(fù)

29、合句中， 若主要?jiǎng)幼骱捅尘皠?dòng)作是同時(shí)發(fā)生的， 那么主從句都可用過去進(jìn)行時(shí) e.g. Jenny was reading while Danny was writing.其結(jié)構(gòu)是助動(dòng)詞be的過去形式 was/were +v-ing.其句式變化仍然要在be 上做文章。 E.g. We were working in class.We weren t working in class. Were you working in class?過去進(jìn)行時(shí)常與過去某一特定時(shí)間的狀語連用，如 last night, at that time, atnoon yesterday, last Sunday。也有時(shí)

30、沒有時(shí)間狀語，要通過上下文的暗示來確定用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 E.g. The students all worked hard. Everyone knew what he was working for.做題時(shí)常見錯(cuò)誤如下：一、易把be+現(xiàn)在分t記成be+過去分詞例： He was talked (talk) to his mum at that time.答案： was talking解析：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)上的區(qū)別體現(xiàn)在be 動(dòng)詞上。二、丟掉be動(dòng)詞或忘記把動(dòng)詞變成現(xiàn)在分詞例： 1 I watching (watch) TV when he came in.2 They were pl

31、ay (play) games at 5:00 p.m. yesterday.答案： 1 was watching 2 were playing解析：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)中“be+在分詞，缺一不可”的規(guī)律也可應(yīng)用于過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。三、對動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組提問時(shí)丟掉 doing例：We were flying kites at 5:00 p.m. yesterday.X寸劃線部分提問)What were you at 5:00 p.m. yesterday?答案： What were you doing at 5:00 p.m. yesterday?解析：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)中“Whatdoing”旬式同樣適用于過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

32、。四、易與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)弄混例： My mother is cooking (cook)when I got home.答案： was cooking解析：這兩種時(shí)態(tài)的共同點(diǎn)是都表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，但現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)前提是現(xiàn)在，而過去進(jìn)行時(shí)前提是過去，由 when I got home可看出前提是過去。五、易與一般過去時(shí)弄混例：昨晚我在讀一本故事書。I read (read) a story book yesterday evening.答案：was reading解析：這兩種時(shí)態(tài)的共同點(diǎn)是都用于表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 但過去進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行， 而一般過去時(shí)則表示過去某一時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)， 它表示的動(dòng)作往往已經(jīng)完成。 “在”說明正在進(jìn)行，而“I read a story book yesterdayevening. 的意思是昨晚我讀了一本故事書，” 言下之意已經(jīng)讀完了。 故用過去進(jìn)行 時(shí)。另外， 在賓語從句中當(dāng)主句為過去時(shí)， 從句若是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)， 需變成過去進(jìn) 行時(shí)。e.g. He said tha