1、大學(xué)英語六級(jí)英語閱讀專項(xiàng)輔導(dǎo)20170524張淑琳選詞填空選詞填空選詞填空又稱15選10。試題文章長(zhǎng)約200到250個(gè)單詞，10個(gè)空格，備選詞匯共15個(gè)，每個(gè)空格只準(zhǔn)選用一個(gè)單詞，每個(gè)詞不能重復(fù)使用。備選詞匯是名詞，動(dòng)詞，形容詞和副詞，虛詞不在考核范圍內(nèi)。解題三步法1. 預(yù)覽選項(xiàng)，了解詞義并把選項(xiàng)分為四大類詞性：名詞n，動(dòng)詞v，形容詞adj，副詞adv，做詞性標(biāo)記； 2. 精讀全文開頭，把握文章主題，并以三個(gè)空或一個(gè)段落為一個(gè)單位，瞻前顧后，判斷詞性； 3. 把對(duì)應(yīng)詞性的選項(xiàng)逐一帶回原文，語義通順，時(shí)態(tài)、主謂搭配一致的為正確選項(xiàng)。 一些經(jīng)?？疾斓男问饺缦拢海?）名詞名詞：通常來說，冠詞(如a，

2、an，the)、形容詞、介詞后面搭配名詞，即“a/an/the/adj./prep. + n?！?，a. 名詞主要做主語、賓語。 b. 形容詞或名詞都可以修飾名詞 例：The hot, humid (潮濕的) air over the ocean causes severe _49_ thunderstorms.（49可能是形容詞，也可能是名詞修飾thunderstorms） c. 限定詞（the, this, that, a, my之類）后必有名詞 d. 謂語動(dòng)詞前必有名詞或名詞性質(zhì)的主語 e. 介詞后面必有名詞 形容詞形容詞： 當(dāng)出現(xiàn)“a/the/the most/more +_+名詞”的結(jié)

3、構(gòu)時(shí)，橫線處通常填形容詞。 副詞副詞：副詞常常修飾形容詞或動(dòng)詞 1. 當(dāng)一句話完整的時(shí)候，句尾的空往往是副詞。 2. 當(dāng)一句話出現(xiàn)“主語 + _ + 謂語”的情況時(shí)，橫線處通常填副詞。 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞：動(dòng)詞的考點(diǎn)很多，我們來看其中三種： a）前后都是名詞短語，中間一般為動(dòng)詞（時(shí)態(tài)看前后文）。 b) 一個(gè)句子有且只有一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞 c）一個(gè)完整的句子之后再跟逗號(hào)，后面一般是非謂語動(dòng)詞短語。 信息匹配題信息匹配題考題特點(diǎn)：文章長(zhǎng)度約為1200詞，十五個(gè)段落，文后有十道題，每句所含信息出自文章的某個(gè)段落，個(gè)別段落可能對(duì)應(yīng)兩題，也有段落不對(duì)應(yīng)任何一題文中至少有五段是多余段落。題目絕對(duì)亂序、常現(xiàn)同義轉(zhuǎn)述、多是細(xì)

4、節(jié)內(nèi)容等方法：1.瀏覽題目，劃關(guān)鍵詞瀏覽題目，劃關(guān)鍵詞先看題后看文章的策略。在瀏覽題目時(shí)，要注意劃出句中的關(guān)鍵詞，通過快速閱讀題干中的若干條細(xì)節(jié)信息，迅速了解文章主旨大意，從而能在后面閱讀文章時(shí)加快速度，節(jié)省定位時(shí)間。2.2.回到原文，先做較易題回到原文，先做較易題長(zhǎng)篇閱讀文章一般是說明文或議論文，這類文章都有嚴(yán)密的邏輯性，題干提供的信息表述中通常會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些指示性詞語，幫助考生縮小定位范圍，從而快速判定其所在細(xì)節(jié)信息對(duì)應(yīng)的原文段落。一些題目中會(huì)有數(shù)字、時(shí)間、特殊字體（如大寫字母、斜體等）等有明顯特征的定位詞，這些題目較容易，考生只要在文中找出含有相應(yīng)明顯特征的段落，即可迅速匹配，選出正確答案。

5、3.關(guān)注同義轉(zhuǎn)述，逐一匹配關(guān)注同義轉(zhuǎn)述，逐一匹配十道題目中約有60%的題目是沒有明顯特征關(guān)鍵詞的，這類題目往往考查考生對(duì)同義轉(zhuǎn)述的敏感度，通常同義轉(zhuǎn)述的途徑有改變?cè)~性、使用近反義詞、變換句式等，考生可以根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，在段落中尋找相應(yīng)的同義轉(zhuǎn)述對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)，完成所有題目。總之，做六級(jí)信息匹配題的關(guān)鍵在于劃關(guān)鍵詞和找對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)，無論是原詞重現(xiàn)還是同義轉(zhuǎn)述，只要快速、細(xì)心匹配好對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)，就可以在該題型上拿到高分。仔細(xì)閱讀題仔細(xì)閱讀題1.在閱讀過程中準(zhǔn)確在文中標(biāo)記出需要查找的內(nèi)容的具體位置。2.在閱讀完若干題之后能迅速在文中根據(jù)記憶或閱讀時(shí)的標(biāo)記找出相關(guān)內(nèi)容。3.四選一閱讀的文章一般以議論文為主，文章脈絡(luò)清晰、整體

6、框架明確。而且，議論性文章并不一定要全部讀懂，4-5個(gè)問題不可能覆蓋文章的每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)、每一句話。因此，在六級(jí)考試的解題過程中，通常采用以下的解題技巧：1.瀏覽題目，推測(cè)全文主題瀏覽題目，推測(cè)全文主題閱讀理解的五道題目之間通常會(huì)有隱含的邏輯關(guān)系，所以通過第一遍的初步瀏覽，有助于把握文章的主題，作出簡(jiǎn)單的設(shè)想和推測(cè)。六級(jí)的四選一閱讀主要考查主旨題、細(xì)節(jié)題、詞義題、推論題和態(tài)度題等題型，重點(diǎn)考查細(xì)節(jié)題細(xì)節(jié)題。 跳讀的目的是要整體把握一下文章脈絡(luò)，找到每個(gè)題目的關(guān)鍵詞，從而可以確定每道題目答案的所在位置。答案在文中一般情況下都是按從上到下的順序出現(xiàn)。.2. 判斷題型，確定題干判斷題型，確定題干關(guān)鍵詞關(guān)

7、鍵詞3. 3.跳讀文章，尋找關(guān)鍵詞跳讀文章，尋找關(guān)鍵詞解題步驟解題步驟主旨題 Subject Matter(SM)是作者在文章中要表達(dá)的主要內(nèi)容，是貫穿全文的核心。 針對(duì)SM問題，理解文章主旨大意，應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：（1）瀏覽全文，判斷話題，找高頻詞。（2）選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容全面，含義深刻或說明道理多為答案；選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容片面單多為干擾。（3）注意文章首尾或段落首尾。 這類題常見的命題方式有： 1.What is the main idea (subject) of this passage ? 2. What does this passage mainly (primarily) concerned ? 3

8、. The main theme of this passage is _. 4. The main point of the passage is_.5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage ? 6. The title that best expresses the theme of the passage is _.7.On which of the following subject would the passage most likely be found in a textbook ?8. The pu

9、rpose of the writer in writing this passage _.9. Which of the following best describes the passage as a whole ? So what you need to know is that theres no evidence whatsoever to back these claims. We arent suffering from a shortage of needed skills; were suffering from a lack of policy resolve. As I

10、 said, structural unemployment isnt a real problem, its an excusea reason not to act on Americas problems at a time when action is desperately needed. (2016年6月第1套)55. What is the authors purpose in writing the passage? A: To testify to the experts analysis of Americas problems. B: To offer a feasibl

11、e solution to the structural unemployment. C: To show the urgent need for the government to take action. D: To alert American workers to the urgency for adaptation.細(xì)節(jié)題細(xì)節(jié)性問題是關(guān)于Supporting Details類的問題。這類題目常以“WH-”形式來提問，如who, what, when, where, why, how等形式。此類考題的命題特點(diǎn)：“題文同序續(xù)”，答題要領(lǐng)為“快速定位”；正確選項(xiàng)都是對(duì)原文所述內(nèi)容的改寫，改

12、寫方法有：1.簡(jiǎn)化語言2.反話正說或正話反說3.替換關(guān)鍵詞細(xì)節(jié)類問題的命題方式有以下幾種： (1)Which of the following is NOT true according to the information in the passage?(2) Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?(3) What is the example of XXX as described in the passage?(4) The author mentions all of the following except XXX(5)

13、 The reason for XXX is (6) The author states that XXX(7) According to the passage, when (where, why, how, who, etc. ). Dr.Donald Sadoway at MIT started his own battery company with the hope of changing the worlds energy future. Its a dramatic endorsement（支持，認(rèn)可） for a technology most people think abo

14、ut only when their smartphone goes dark. But Sadoway isnt alone in trumpeting energy storage as a missing link to a cleaner, more efficient, and more equitable energy future.（2016年12月第2套）46. What does Dr.Sadoway think of energy storage? A: It involves the application of sophisticated technology. B:

15、It is the direction energy development should follow. C: It will prove to be a profitable business. D: It is a technology benefiting everyone.詞義題詞義理解類其實(shí)也是就細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行提問，題目往往要求對(duì)文章中的某個(gè)單詞、短語甚至句子等找出最合適的釋義。解答這類題目可以運(yùn)用以下5種方法：1) 推敲上下文，對(duì)本詞詞義引申；2）運(yùn)用同義關(guān)系，反義關(guān)系確定答案；3）運(yùn)用對(duì)詞的解釋和舉例；4）運(yùn)用構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)猜測(cè)詞義。 這類題目的常見提問方式有：(1)According

16、to the author, the word“XXX”means_.(2)Which of the following is nearest in meaning to “XXX”?(3)The term “XXX”in paragraph XXX can be best replaced by_ (4)Whats the meaning of “XXX”in line XXX of paragraph XXX?(5)As used in the line XXX, the word“XXX”refers to _. Teenagers at risk of depression, anxi

17、ety and suicide often wear their troubles like a neon(霓虹燈)sign.Their risky behaviorsdrinking too much alcohol, using illegal drugs, smoking cigarettes and skipping schoolcan alert parents and teachers that serious problems are brewing.（2016年12月第1套）51. What does the author mean by saying Teenagers at

18、 risk of depression, anxiety and suicide often wear their troubles like a neon sign(Lines 1 -2, Para.1)? A: Mental problems can now be found in large numbers of teenagers. B: Teenagers mental problems are getting more and more attention. C: Teenagers mental problems are often too conspicuous not to

19、be observed. D: Depression and anxiety are the most common symptoms of mental problems.推斷題 答題要領(lǐng)：對(duì)文中信息做同義轉(zhuǎn)述或綜合歸納的即為正確答案答題技巧：（1）找到原文信息（2）忠實(shí)于原文（3）不選表層信息不選：（1）背離原文 （2）敘述不當(dāng)，表述片面（3）主觀臆想（4）偷換主語推斷題的常用提問方式(1)The writer implies but not directly states that_.(2) It can be inferred from the passage that_.(3) Th

20、e author strongly suggests that_.(5) The passage is intended to_.(6)The writer indicates that_. (7)The fact is mentioned by the author to show _. (8)The author achieves his purpose by depending mainly upon _.(9)The writer talks about in order to_.(10) In discussing , the author _.(11)The authors sta

21、tement about is a for Perhaps the reason why so many universities offer their students so little is they know studying at a top university remains a brilliant investment even if you dont learn anything.Studying at university will only become less attractive if employers shift their focus away from w

22、here someone went to universityand there is no sign of that happening anytime soon.School-leavers may moan, but they have little choice but to embrace university and the student debt that comes with it. （2016年12月第3套）55. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A: It is natural for students to make

23、 complaints about university education. B: Few students are willing to bear the burden of debt incurred at university. C: University education is becoming attractive to students who can afford it. D: The prestige of the university influences employers recruitment decisions.態(tài)度題通常，閱讀的最后一題會(huì)提問作者對(duì)文章中某一問題

24、的態(tài)度（Attitude）、全文的基調(diào)(Tone)、文章的出處（Source）及對(duì)文章前后接續(xù)內(nèi)容的判斷等。關(guān)于態(tài)度或基調(diào)類題的回答應(yīng)從篇章的體裁著手，一般來說，在說明文中作者的態(tài)度是客觀的(objective)或中立的(neutral)；而在議論文中，作者的觀點(diǎn)才會(huì)顯得多種多樣，常見的選項(xiàng)有：（1） positive（積極的） （2） negative（消極的）（3） neutral（中立的） （4） approval（贊成的） （5） disapproval（不贊成的） （6） indifferent（漠不關(guān)心的） （7） sarcastic（諷刺的） （8） critical（批評(píng)的）（

25、9） optimistic（樂觀的） （10） pessimistic（悲觀的） 常用的幾種態(tài)度題提問方式： (1)Whats the writers attitude to .? (2)Whats the tone of the passage? (3)The authors view is _. (4)The writers attitude of this passage is apparently _. (5)The author suggests that _. (6)According to author _. Yet it still pays to go to university. If going to university doesnt work out, students pay ver