1、Global fatal landslides in recent yearsoutline1.近年來重大災難介紹2.全球災難分析2011201320102010201020092006印度德里2013.06.21，印度德里，因季風引起強陣雨，從而引發(fā)洪水、滑坡和泥石流，造成556人死亡；“the death toll from flooding and landslides following heavy monsoon rains in the northern Indian state of Uttarakhand has passed 500.”-BBC2011201320102010

2、201020092006巴西里約 2011年1月，巴西里約發(fā)生強降雨，并引發(fā)嚴重泥石流和滑坡災害，死亡人數(shù)超900人。 “ A series of floods and mudslides took place in January 2011 in several towns of the Mountainous Region in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro.” The cities that eported human casualties are located in a mountainous area, in theneighborho

3、od of the Serrados rgos national park.The area is a tourist hotspot due to its geographic features,historical landmarks and mild temperatures. Many buildings, however, are directly exposed to landslide hazards because of the steepterrain. -theguardian201120132010.082010201020092006中國舟曲中國舟曲 2010年8月7日

4、22時許，甘南藏族自治州舟曲縣突降強降雨，縣城北面的羅家峪、三眼峪泥石流下泄，由北向南沖向縣城，造成沿河房屋被沖毀，泥石流阻斷白龍江、形成堰塞湖。據(jù)中國舟曲災區(qū)指揮部消息，截至21日，舟曲“88”特大泥石流災害中遇難1434人，失蹤331人，累計門診人數(shù)2062人。2011201320102010.04201020092006臺灣福爾摩沙 2010年福爾摩沙高速公路山崩事件,位于中華民國國道三號（又稱福爾摩沙高速公路）基隆汐止段。在2010年4月25日臺灣時間14時，造成雙向車道遭埋面積達20060平方米，大埔跨越橋也隨著山崩斷成兩截而掉落至高速公路主線。南北雙向六個車道全遭土石覆蓋，高速公路

5、及國道公路警察局因此緊急雙向封閉國道三號相關(guān)路段，交通完全中斷。 據(jù)統(tǒng)計倒坍塌下來的石堆約有10萬立方米。這也是中華民國國道通車36年來，除1974年9月28日中山高速公路八堵立交橋附近造成36人死亡的山崩事件外，最嚴重的崩塌意外。20112013201020102010.0420092006巴西里約 2010.04.05，巴西里約山區(qū)，因連降暴雨，引發(fā)洪水和山體滑坡，造成90多人死亡。前后傷亡總結(jié)約200人。 “At least 95 people have died in the Brazilianstate of Rio de Janeiro after the most torrent

6、ial rainfor decades caused landslides and flooding.” -BBC2011201320102010201020092006 El Salvador薩瓦爾多西班牙 2009年年11月月 薩瓦爾多發(fā)生重大泥石流和滑坡災害，薩瓦爾多發(fā)生重大泥石流和滑坡災害，造成造成199人死亡。人死亡。 The 2009 El Salvador floods and landslides were extreme weather events that killed 199 people with others 76 missing and left $239 mil

7、lion in damages in El Salvador,ome unofficial sources have the death toll up to 275 people.The flooding was caused by an unnamed weak low pressure system from the Pacific, not Hurricane Ida which had passed earlier. -Wikipedia 2011201320102010201020092006菲律賓雷特島 2006年2月菲律賓雷特島發(fā)生重大滑坡災害，造成1126人死亡。 “A ma

8、ssive rock slide-debris avalanche occurred on 17 February 2006 in the Philippine province of Southern Leyte that caused widespread damage and loss of life. The deadly landslide followed a ten-day period of heavy rains and a minor earthquake (magnitude 2.6 on the Richter scale). The official death to

9、ll was 1,126.”全球近年相關(guān)災難統(tǒng)計與分析原因原因危害分布危害分布敏感性敏感性分布分布災害災害數(shù)數(shù)目目傷傷亡亡地地區(qū)區(qū)分布分布變變化化趨勢趨勢災害災害數(shù)數(shù)目目03年-10年, 造成傷亡的landslide數(shù)目整體上逐漸增多；傷傷亡亡左圖：03年-10年死于landslide的人數(shù)右圖：03-10年，landslide而造成的傷亡的人數(shù)（去掉因地震引發(fā)的landslide）p 83,275 death from the landslide since 2003。年度年度變變化化趨勢趨勢這是一張06-10年年度累計傷亡人數(shù)曲線圖。（北半球）Max：June-AugustMin：Dec與

10、降雨有直接關(guān)系2010年內(nèi)，不同期發(fā)生的landslide數(shù)目地地區(qū)區(qū)分布分布1.1. note note the clustering of the landslides in areas that are the clustering of the landslides in areas that are tectonically-active (tectonically-active (e.g: Western e.g: Western S. America, the Himalayas, S. America, the Himalayas, Indonesia, etc). Indonesia, etc). 2.2. note that the vast majority of recorded fatal landslides note that the vast majori