1、中考考點之-Complex Sentences The Complex Sentences in Junior English: 初中英語教材中涉及到的復合句主要有：The Object Clause (賓語從句)、The Adverbial Clause (狀語從句) 、The Attributive Clause (定語從句)。其它諸如主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句等形式的復合句盡管在教材中也有出現(xiàn)，但在中考中沒有被列為重點考查范圍。I hear ( that ) Tom has been to Guilin twice .The teacher told us (that) the ea

2、rth goes around the sun.I want to know if/ whether they will go swimming.Do you know if/ whether he likes drawing?She asked him where he came from .Could you tell me how I can get to the Science museum ?一、 賓語從句If 與whether 的區(qū)別I dont know _ he will come or not.I dont care of _ he is handsome.He wonder

3、ed _ to stay here the next week._ he will come is not decided. 與or not 連用只能用whether介詞后只能用whether與to do 不定式連用只能用whether作主語只能用whether 從句部分的語序 無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，從句都要運用陳述句的語序，即是“主語在前，謂語在后”的順序。 e.g He said (that) he missed us very much. She asked him where he came from . I want to know what they are talking

4、about. Do you know if/ whether he likes Times English Post? Would you please tell us how old you are? 時態(tài)的變化 . 當主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句的時態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據句子的意思來使用需要的任何一種時態(tài)。 e.g Tom has been to Guilin twice . she will come tomorrow .I hear ( that ) Jim went to work an hour ago . he is interested in English .當主句是一般過去

5、時的時候，賓語從句必須運用相應的過去的某一種時態(tài)，從而達到主句和從句的相互一致。 e.g he would go to Xian . he was ill the day before .He said ( that ) he was reading a book . he had had supper already . 當從句說明的是客觀存在的事實或者是客觀存在的真理時，就不用受到主句時態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。 e.g He said that the sun is much bigger than the moon . The teacher told the students t

6、hat no news is good news . Our teacher said that light travels muchfaster than sound. 賓語從句的否定形式 一般而言，賓語從句的否定式與一般句子的否定式是一樣的。但若主句謂語動詞是 think , expect , believe , guess 等表示“認為，猜想”的詞時，一般要把賓語從句中的否定式轉移到主句中。I think 從句反意疑問句時要與從句主謂保持一致。 e.g I know he isnt from Sanhe. I dont know he is from Sanhe. I dont thin

7、k its going to rain . I dont believe she will lend you the money . 1. Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2002. A. where does she live B. Where she lives C. where did she live D. where she lived 【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時態(tài)。賓語從句應用陳述句的語序和時態(tài)，所以應選D。2.Would you please tell me _? A. when did he come home B. where

8、 he would play football C. if he had seen the film D. why he didnt watch the game 【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時態(tài)。主句用的實際上是現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句在這個句子里應用陳述句的語序和一般過去時。3. I dont know when _. A. will the train leave B. the train will leave C. would the train leave D. the train leave 【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時態(tài)。只有B在語序和時態(tài)上符合要求

9、。4. -We dont know _. -It is said that he was born in Sweden. A. what he is B. if he lives here C. where he comes from D. which country is he from 【解析】答案：C。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和上下文的意思的連貫性。只有C符合要求。例題解析5 Could you tell me ?AMrs. King where lives Bwhere does Mrs. King live Cwhere Mrs. King lives DMrs. King liv

10、es where答案 C.析 賓語從句中的疑問句要用陳述語序。6 - Can you tell me ? - Sure Shes a nurseAwhere is your sister Bwhere your sister is Cwhat is your sister Dwhat your sister is答案 D.析 who 問的是姓名，如： Who is he? He is Smith 或 He is my father What 問的是職業(yè)，如： What is he?/what does he do? He is a teacher.7 Could you tell me ?Aw

11、hen the train will arrive Bwhen the train arrived Cwhen did the train arrive Dwhen does the train arrives答案 A.析 could 用于現(xiàn)在時疑問句表達了口氣的委婉，并不是過去時態(tài)。且賓 語從句要用陳述語句。例題解析8 - Could you tell me ? - Yes， They to the library A.where are the twins， have been B.where were the twins， have been C.where the twins are，

12、 have gone D.where the twins were， have gone 答案 C.析 have been to 是去過什么地方，而現(xiàn)在回來了。 have gone to 是到某地去了，人現(xiàn)在不在這里。9 I dont know to read the word A. which B. what C. whose D. how答案 D.析 因不定式 to read 中的 read 是及物動詞，已有自己的賓語 the word， 所以應用疑問副詞 how。10 I wonder A. whose bicycle is it B. it is whose bicycle C. is

13、 it whose bicycle D. whose bicycle it is 答案 D. 析 wonder 后的賓語從句應用陳述語序。 例題解析從下列A、B、C、D中選擇一個正確選項填空。 1. I dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, Ill tell you A. if; WhetherB. whether; Whether C. if; ThatD. if; If2. I dont know _ the day after tomorrow. A. when does he come B. how will he come C.

14、 if he comes D. whether hell come 3. Could you tell me _ the nearest hospital is? A. what B. how C. whether D. where 4. Could you tell me _ the radio without any help? A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mendedD. what he mended 5. I want to know _.whom is she looking after B. whom she i

15、s lookingC. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking after DDDCD6. Do you know where _ now? A. he lives B. does he liveC. he lived D. did he live7. Do you know what time _? A. the train leave B. does the train leave C. will the train leave D. the train leaves 8. I dont know _. Can you tell me, ple

16、ase? A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are 9. The small children dont know _. A. what is their stockings in B. what is in their stockings C. where is their stockings in D. what in their stockings 10. I cant underst

17、and _. A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does mean C. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas means ADDBD. The Adverbial Clause (狀語從句) 狀語從句是副詞性從句，其句法功能是修飾謂語或整個句子等，在句中作狀語，通常由從屬連詞引導。When you get off the bus, you mustnt push others.They had already had breakfast before they went to schoo

18、l.They talked about the party after the people left.I will wait until he comes.She wont go to bed until she finishes her homeworkMy brother went out as soon as I got home. Please let me know if he comes back. 二 狀語從句Put the medicine where you can easily get it.I will go wherever you go.He didnt go to

19、 school because he was ill.Though he tried many times, he failed to work it out.He got up much earlier than usual so that he could catch the first bus.He walked so fast that I couldnt keep up with him.He made such a good report that everybody was pleased狀語從句中考題練兵：一、單項選擇( ) 1. Somebody rang me up jus

20、t now, but he hung up I could answer the phone. (無錫) A. when B. until C. before D. since( ) 2. Mr Smith usually reads a newspaper hes waiting for the bus. (徐 州) A. if B. the C. because D. while( ) 3. You must leave here now your mother can get some more rest. (常州) A. because B. though C. so that D.

21、so( ) 4. The meeting is important that you mustnt miss it. (鹽城) A. very B. such C. so D. too CDC C( ) 5. My grandma didnt go to sleep_ I got back home. A. where B. when C. until D. as soon as( ) 6. You do much better _ youre more careful with your spelling. A. before B. although C. unless D. if( ) 7

22、. If Mg in O2, we MgO, and it combination reaction(化學變化). (泰州) A. will burn, get, calls B. burns, will get, called C. will burn, can get, is calling D. burns, will get, is called( ) 8. he talked with her for a long time, he failed to convince(說服) her. (黃岡) A. Though B. But C. Since D. AsCDDA( ) It w

23、as snowing hard, _ we had to stay at home and watch Tv. A. that B. so C. but D. because( ) -Why did you come to school late this morning? - _ I watched the football World Cup until 12 oclock last night. A. If B. Because C. since D. though( ) Hurry up,Jack. We have to get to the station before 11:45

24、_ we can catch the 12:00train. A. since B. after C. as soon as D. so that( ) Uncle Wang gave all his savings to the Hope School _ he himself was not rich. A. because B. as if C. though D. orB D B C 二、同義句改寫1.Wherever he is, he can make himself at home. (廣州) he is, he can make himself at home.2.Miss S

25、mith left here after the rain stopped. (淮安) Miss Smith leave here the rain stopped.3.If you work hard, you will pass the exam. (鹽城) , and you will pass the exam.4.Tom was too happy to get to sleep. (大連) Tom was happy he couldnt .5.Get off the bus when the driver tells you. （寧夏） Dont get off the bus

26、you _ _ _. NomatterwheredidntuntilWorkhardsothatfallasleepuntilaretoldto三、根據漢語提示,完成句子.1. 你看的歷史書籍越多，你了解的知識就越多。 （無錫） , the more knowledge youll get.2. 他是一個好人，與每個人都相處的很好。（常州）He is such a kind man .3. 山姆一拿到新書就迫不及待地看了起來。（連云港）Sam couldnt wait to read the new book .4. 盡管學電腦花費許多時間，但我認為學好它還是有用的。（南京） , I thin

27、k it useful to learn computer well. 5.看起來要下雨了。（甘肅） It looks . The more history books you readthat he gets on well with everyone as soon as he got itThough it takes much timeas if its going to rain. The Attributive Clause (定語從句) 在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞。定語從句必須放在先行詞之后，對其先行詞起限定作用。 This

28、is Tom. Tom gave us a talk yesterday. -This is Tom who (that) gave us a talk yesterday. 先行詞 定語從句 引導定語從句的關系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which 引導定語從句的關系副詞有：where, when, whyThis is the doctor who/that came her yesterday.The man who/whom/that you saw last week has left the townThe man from whom I borrowe

29、d the book is Li Lei.I know the woman whose husband is a doctor.He lives in the house whose window faces south.Hero is the film that/which was directed by Zhang Yimou. 三 定語從句 二、that, which引導的定語從句這兩個代詞均指物，它們所引導的定語從句所修飾的先行詞是物,通常情況下，它們可以互換。1. that, which在從句中作主語，不可省略。 e.g. Hero is the film that/which wa

30、s directed by Zhang Yimou.2. that, which在從句中作賓語，可以省略。 e.g. Is this the film (that/which) you talked about last week?注意：關系代詞在作介詞賓語時，只能用which且不能省略。 e.g. The house in which he once lived is a meeting-room. = The house (which) he once lived in is a meeting-room.知識拓展：引導定語從句的關系代詞that和which，在一般情況下，盡管可以互換使用

31、，但在下列情況下，只能用that，而不用which： 1. 先行詞是復合不定代詞everything, anything, nothing等時。 e.g. She didnt forget anything (that) her mother had told her to buy.2. 先行詞被序數詞或the last修飾時。e.g. This is the first textbook (that) I studied in the primary school.He is in the last row that is next to the window.3. 先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾

32、時。e.g. That is the highest building (that) I have ever seen.4. 先行詞被the only, the very, the same等修飾時。e.g. This is the very novel (that) you want to borrow. 5. 先行詞是或被all, no, some, any, little, much等修飾時， e.g. Ive written down all (that )the teacher doesnt allow us to do. They havent got any dictionari

33、es (that) we need. 6. 先行詞既包含人又包含物時。e.g. He told us many interesting things and persons (that) we had never heard.7. 主句是以who, which引導的特殊疑問句時。e.g. Who is the man (that) you spoke to just now? Which is the book that was stolen by him? 8. 先行詞是主句的表語或關系代詞在定語從句中作表語 時。 e.g. China is no longer the country (that) it used to be.三、關系副詞where, when, why引導的定語從句 （在從句中作狀語）1. where表示地點，它引導的定語從句修飾表地點的先行詞。e.g. This is the village where he was born.c.f. This is the village (that/which) he visited last year.2. when表示時間，它引導的定語從句修飾表時間的先行詞。e.g. Ill never forget the day when I joined the League.c.f. Ill never f