1、1、By the later Roman period, frontier garrisons (groups of soldiers) were only rarely transferred, service in units became effectively hereditary, and forts were no longer populated or maintained at full strength.Trans：在后羅馬時(shí)期，前線駐扎軍只有極少的被轉(zhuǎn)移，在部隊(duì)的服務(wù)變成了世襲制，且堡壘也不再被居住或者全力維持。1、By the later Roman period, fr

2、ontier garrisons (groups of soldiers) were only rarely transferred, service in units became effectively hereditary, and forts were no longer populated or maintained at full strength.Frontier garrisons： rarely transferred （被動(dòng)）Service： hereditaryForts： no populated + maintained （被動(dòng)） 并列的情況下請(qǐng)注意：同一條件下，多情

3、況/動(dòng)作/屬性并列這種情況非常容易出“ ? ” 題？這種情況下的錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)設(shè)計(jì)的層次：1、直接就沒看到過2、部分重現(xiàn)+錯(cuò)誤修飾3、同義轉(zhuǎn)化+錯(cuò)誤修飾遇到第 1 種情況下一般是秒選了。2、3情況下如果讀一遍下來使用了并列模式下的略讀，回去再比對(duì)一次比較保險(xiǎn)！10.According to paragraph 4, all of the following changes could be seen in the frontier garrisons by the later Roman period EXCEPT:O Membership in the units passed from fath

4、er to son.O Fewer soldiers were stationed at the forts.O Soldiers usually were not transferred to different locations.O Frontier units became more effective and proficient.如果沒有出題，請(qǐng)考慮：是否所有并列元素具有共性與中心統(tǒng)一？有的話請(qǐng)概括一下，那么這個(gè)句子簡(jiǎn)單概括下就是：趨于穩(wěn)定如何保證六選三的正確率： 邊讀邊概括、梳理、精煉。熟練了這個(gè)習(xí)慣，筆記都可以不記！都在腦子里理順了。2、 With climax, biome,

5、 superorganism, and various other technical terms for the association of animals and plants at a given locality being criticized, the term ecosystem was more and more widely adopted for the whole system of associated organisms together with the physical factors of their environment.Trans：隨著頂級(jí)群落，生態(tài)群落

6、，超級(jí)有機(jī)體和各種其他對(duì)給定區(qū)域的動(dòng)植物間聯(lián)系描述的專業(yè)術(shù)語都被批判，“生態(tài)系統(tǒng)”這個(gè)術(shù)語越來越被廣泛的適用于描述具有相互聯(lián)系的有機(jī)體以及生態(tài)環(huán)境物理因素的系統(tǒng)。2、 With climax, biome, superorganism, and various other technical terms for the association of animals and plants at a given locality being criticized, the term ecosystem was more and more widely adopted for the whole s

7、ystem of associated organisms together with the physical factors of their environment.Climax&biome&superorganism&XXXterms （animal+plant+locality）criticizedEcosystem more adopted （organism+physical）Unlike the terms “climax”, “biome,” and “superorganism,” which refer to the particular association of p

8、lants and animals at a given location, the term “ecosystem” refers specifically to the physical factors within an environment. The terms “climax,” “biome,” “superorganism,” and “ecosystem” all refer to the system of plants and animals in an associated environment, but some are more controversial tha

9、n others. When the older terms of ecology became too technical, they were replaced by the more popular and more widely used term “ecosystem.”The term “ecosystem” gradually replaced discredited terms for the combination of a physical environment and the plants and animals living together in it.Unlike

10、 the terms “climax”, “biome,” and “superorganism,” which refer to the particular association of plants and animals at a given location, the term “ecosystem” refers specifically to the physical factors within an environment. The terms “climax,” “biome,” “superorganism,” and “ecosystem” all refer to t

11、he system of plants and animals in an associated environment, but some are more controversial than others. When the older terms of ecology became too technical, they were replaced by the more popular and more widely used term “ecosystem.”The term “ecosystem” gradually replaced discredited terms for

12、the combination of a physical environment and the plants and animals living together in anism+physical2、 With climax, biome, superorganism, and various other technical terms for the association of animals and plants at a given locality being criticized, the term ecosystem was more and more wid

13、ely adopted for the whole system of associated organisms together with the physical factors of their environment.介詞又打頭做鋪墊了，迅速掃過. Why？How？第一眼看的時(shí)候根本不敢匆匆略過啊腫么辦 1. 看到介詞打頭，掃一眼后面并列的名詞（terms），向下讀。 2. 有讀出轉(zhuǎn)折嗎？criticized & adopted 3. 現(xiàn)在你可以確定重心了 合理分配記憶 調(diào)整信息優(yōu)先級(jí) 金字塔還記得嗎。（通過轉(zhuǎn)折這層邏輯）還是虛啊！不敢略過啊！略過了又回來看個(gè)幾遍！時(shí)間都沒了！ 1.

14、二次精讀，總結(jié)文章內(nèi)容布置套路。（先抑后揚(yáng)？鋪墊？開門見山？） 2. 總結(jié)完了請(qǐng)大膽的在下一篇使用！錯(cuò)了再總結(jié)，不斷修正。 到最后你的精讀文檔就會(huì)是一份極具個(gè)人風(fēng)格的“ETS閱讀解密教程”。3、Pollen samples from freshwater lakes in Syria and elsewhere tell us (that) forest cover expanded rapidly at the end of the Ice Age, for the southwestern Asian climate was still cooler and considerably we

15、tter than today.Trans：從敘利亞和其他地方的淡水湖區(qū)域采取的花粉樣本向我們揭示：冰河時(shí)代末期森林覆蓋快速增長，這是因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)候的西南亞氣候比現(xiàn)在更加清涼，而且要濕潤很多。3、Pollen samples from freshwater lakes in Syria and elsewhere tell us (that) forest cover expanded rapidly at the end of the Ice Age, for the southwestern Asian climate was still cooler and considerably wet

16、ter than today.因： cooler wetter 今 果：forest expanded4、The part of the brain responsible for fine control and movement is located in the left cerebral hemisphere, and the findings above suggest that the human brain was already asymmetrical in its structure and function not long after 2 million years a

17、go.Trans：負(fù)責(zé)精細(xì)調(diào)控和移動(dòng)的大腦的部分位于腦部的左半球，基于以上的發(fā)現(xiàn)證明人類大腦在機(jī)構(gòu)和功能上的不對(duì)稱性在兩百萬年前不久之后就已經(jīng)定形。4、The part of the brain responsible for fine control and movement is located in the left cerebral hemisphere, and the findings above suggest that the human brain was already asymmetrical in its structure and function not long

18、after 2 million years ago.part of the brain asymmetricalalready1.Asymmetrical 在為前文做補(bǔ)充解釋topics除了邏輯詞，一些特征語義詞也很重要。4、The part of the brain responsible for fine control and movement is located in the left cerebral hemisphere, and the findings above suggest that the human brain was already asymmetrical in

19、 its structure and function not long after 2 million years ago.12. What is the authors primary purpose in paragraph 7? To illustrate the importance of studying the brain To demonstrate that human beings are the only mammal to desire fine control of movement To contrast the functions of the two hemis

20、pheres of the brain To demonstrate that right-hand preference has existed for a long time這后面還有一大段的 例子 不看了，直接選。TopicsParagraph 7: About 90 percent of modern humans are right-handed: we are the only mammal with a preferential use of one hand. The part of the brain responsible for fine control and move

21、ment is located in the left cerebral hemisphere, and the findings above suggest that the human brain was already asymmetrical in its structure and function not long after 2 million years ago. Among Neanderthalers of 70,00035,000 years ago, Marcellin Boule noted that the La Chapelle-aux-Saints indivi

22、dual had a left hemisphere slightly bigger than the right, and the same was found for brains of specimens from Neanderthal, Gibraltar, and La Quina. To demonstrate that right-hand preference has existed for a long time5、The West had plenty of attractions: the alluvial river bottoms, the fecund soils

23、 of the rolling forest lands, the black loams of the prairies were tempting to New England farmers working their rocky, sterile land and to southeastern farmers plagued with soil depletion and erosion. Trans：西部吸引人的地方有很多：沖積河流的底部，綿延起伏的林地下肥沃的土壤，大草原上的黑土地都吸引著在多巖石的、貧瘠的土地上耕種的新英格蘭的農(nóng)民和被土壤流失和腐蝕折磨的東南部的農(nóng)民5、The

24、West had plenty of attractions: the alluvial river bottoms, the fecund soils of the rolling forest lands, the black loams of the prairies were tempting to New England farmers （who was) working their rocky, sterile land and to southeastern farmers （who was)plagued with soil depletion and erosion. who was后置定語都可以看成定語從句的省略。working their rockyplagued withXX farmersthe alluvial river bottoms, the fecund soils of the rolling forest l