1、淺談(qin tn)科技論文寫作武曉宇2015.10.132022/7/281共十六頁KISS-keep it short simple2022/7/282共十六頁CONTENTS時態(tài)(sh ti)、語態(tài)01020304數(shù)字(shz)避免用詞IMRAD目 錄2022/7/283共十六頁時態(tài)(sh ti)和語態(tài)Whenver you state previously published findings -present tense.Your own present work -past tense.Abstract, Materials and Methods, results -past t

2、ense.時態(tài)(sh ti)Materials & Methods -passive voice主動語態(tài)更簡練，尤其在圖表描述時Introduction, Discussion, Tables & Figures -present tense.語態(tài)2022/7/284共十六頁數(shù)字(shz)的用法10 數(shù)字(shz) ； shorta great deal of - much,acounted for by the fact - because不用含糊(hn hu)的詞語，委婉的詞語。pass away, suffer mortal consequence - die2022/7/286共十六頁

3、IMRAD -Introduction, materials & Methods, Results and DiscussionHow to prepare the TitleHow to prepare the AbstractHow to prepare the IMRAD2022/7/287共十六頁How to prepare the TitleTitleLength of the TitleSpecific titlesAction of Antibiotics on BacteriaSyntax-The fewest possible words that adequately de

4、scribe the contents of the paperWaste words, “studies on”, “Investigations on”, “Observations on”, “A”, “An”, “The”.Mechanism of Suppression of Nontransmissible Pneumonia in MiceInduced by Newcastle Disease Virus2022/7/288Pneumonia-肺炎(fiyn)；nontransmissible-非遺傳共十六頁LOREM IPSUM DOLORPast tense, no ref

5、erences, no tables and figures.通俗易懂(tn s y dn)，不用縮略詞，不創(chuàng)造新詞公認(gngrn)的句子、冗長深奧的詞不要寫；waste word不要寫，例如“in this paper”要有結(jié)論，結(jié)論要定量How to prepare the AbstractA miniature version of the paper, should provide a brief summary of Introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion.2022/7/289共十六頁LOREM IPSUM

6、DOLOR Present first, with all possible clarity, the nature and scope of the problem investigated.Briefly review the pertinent literature to orient the reader.State the method of the investigation. If deemed necessary, the reasons for the choice of a particular method should be stated. State the prin

7、cipal results of the investigation.State the principal conclusions suggested by the results.How to write the Introduction-用充分而不冗余的信息說服讀者(dzh)：此研究是很有必要的2022/7/2810共十六頁21Mice were injected with. vs We injected the mice with.similar to cookbook recipespassive voiceBe preciseLOREM IPSUM DOLORHow to writ

8、e the Materials & MethodsFull details of the particular method 讓同行(tnghng)能看懂，讓人們能重復(fù)試驗2022/7/2811共十六頁LOREM IPSUM DOLORTwo ingredients of results sectionFirst, overall description of the experiments, providing the big picture; second, present the data. (Key results)0102Avoid redundancyrepetition of t

9、he data showed in tables and figuresIt is clearly shown in Table 1 that xxx-xxx (Table 1)03it的使用(shyng)The left leg became numb at times and she walked it off.On her second day, the knee was better, and on the third day it had completely disappeared.How to write the Results-short and clarity2022/7/2

10、812共十六頁LOREM IPSUM DOLORBDFACETry to present the principles, relationships, and generalizations shown by the results.Show how your results and interpretations agree with previously published work.State your conclusions as clearly as possible.Point out any exceptions or any lack of correlation and de

11、fine unsttled points.Discuss the theoretical implications of your work, as well as any possible practical applications.Summarize your evidence for each conclusion.How to write the Discussion2022/7/2813共十六頁LOREM IPSUM DOLORFactual relationshipsASignificance of the paper -So what?BDescribe the meaning

12、 of your little bit of truth with simplest statements.CHow to write the Discussion-”The author is doubtful about his facts or his reasoning and retreats behind a protective cloud of ink.”2022/7/2814共十六頁謝謝(xi xie)大家THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION共十六頁內(nèi)容摘要淺談科技(kj)論文寫作。I gave water to 3 scientists, milk to 6 scientists, and beer to 11 scientists.。Waste words, “