1、Welding procedure specification (WPS)焊接工藝規(guī)范Kevin Mo江畜腳郊酒鯨梢回掌喂驗(yàn)圓蒸串譯葉犢梳斑樸佬芋屈燒霓案折持港帳徊琳WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第1頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。What is a WPS?什么是焊接工藝規(guī)范(WPS)?焊接工藝規(guī)范是為了制造符合規(guī)范要求的焊縫而提供指導(dǎo)的、經(jīng)過(guò)評(píng)定合格的焊接工藝文件。它或其它文件可用于對(duì)焊工或焊機(jī)操作工提供指導(dǎo),以保證符合規(guī)范要求。 A WPS is a written qualified welding procedure prepared to provide directi

2、on for making production welds to Code requirements. The WPS or other documents may be used to provide direction to the welder or welding operator to assure compliance with the Code requirements.根滓常越曾廁這喉倆啟困籮意牌旭汝泄蛋禱仔記僥佑墩羔綽航劃媒伺男盲WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第2頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。What is included by a WPS?WPS 的內(nèi)容一

3、份完整的WPS 應(yīng)當(dāng)包含在WPS中所采用的、對(duì)每一種焊接方法而言的所有重要變素、非重要變素和當(dāng)需要時(shí)的附加重要變素。樣表見圖1。焊接工藝規(guī)范其實(shí)就是規(guī)定某一焊接工藝的各種焊接變素。 The completed WPS shall describe all of the essential, nonessential, and, when required, supplementary essential variables for each welding process used in the WPS. For the sample, pls see the figure 1.技堰篇拾長(zhǎng)脾通

4、峽披番凸難鑄曙勤表約藏訟撰胞旱突狼拿延鉸雞慰俗溜峭WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第3頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Who take charge of compiling WPS?WPS應(yīng)該由誰(shuí)制定?每個(gè)制造者或承包者應(yīng)按照焊接規(guī)范的規(guī)定編寫合理的WPS.具體的說(shuō)WPS是由代表廠家的焊接工程師編寫的。 Each manufacturer and contractor shall prepare written Welding Procedure Specifications which are defined in corresponding welding code.虧砍查泌遙

5、名斬繼樟噓列恕沖襪哪醞牛涌凋貍哪紀(jì)隅疲庚長(zhǎng)鐐打古戳表誠(chéng)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第4頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Availability of the WPS WPS的可得性用于產(chǎn)品焊接的WPS,應(yīng)當(dāng)在制造現(xiàn)場(chǎng)便于獲得，以供查考，并供授權(quán)檢驗(yàn)師(AI)檢查。 A WPS used for Code production welding shall be available for reference and review by the Authorized Inspector (AI) at the fabrication site.足呈按喪枝撮諄吾槍降蝸彌座心先瞬儈哈伏拷

6、挽坪掛餐脾裝妹滔閡立抗涸WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第5頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Authorized by AI授權(quán)檢驗(yàn)師檢查conducted by welder 焊工或焊接操作工 根據(jù)WPS進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)compiled by welding engineer according to qualified PQR焊接工程師根據(jù)評(píng)定合格的工藝評(píng)定記錄（PQR)制定恰當(dāng)?shù)暮附庸に囈?guī)范 （WPS）supervised by AI授權(quán)檢驗(yàn)師檢查Simple connection diagram WPS關(guān)系簡(jiǎn)圖Remarks:PQR is the qualified welding

7、procedure procedure and test results record.備注：PQR是經(jīng)過(guò)評(píng)定合格的焊接工藝數(shù)據(jù)及相關(guān)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果記錄址嘿獺蘸伴把鈉觀寐式蛤田默礦勞驚津柑悼廚拿睫怨穢鍬西摳但派匙圈乙WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第6頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。+FCAW藥芯焊絲保護(hù)焊SAW埋弧焊GMAW氣保焊SMAW焊條電弧焊GTAW鎢極氬弧焊+How is a WPS created?如何創(chuàng)建一個(gè)WPS?接頭形式j(luò)oint type焊接方法welding process建造規(guī)范constructionspecification第暫龍吏帕?xí)x椅蘋闊泳打奴牢燴敗俺疊恫齋

8、渦柵埂許捧早戲機(jī)埠疇果射喻WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第7頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。選擇資源成本實(shí)際約束瀏覽規(guī)范，列出可行焊接方法主要約束修訂可行焊接方法評(píng)估生產(chǎn)成本選擇規(guī)范乎窯苔壁軋孽學(xué)灼豢雛劇為思穢覓官蛤陋莆壁游鎳結(jié)擊床局夸梢剁角瘟淳W(wǎng)PS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第8頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Weld Process Selection焊接工藝選擇The “ideal” welding process is that which achieves the minimum specification requirements at the minimum

9、 cost.完美的焊接工藝是那種以最小成本獲得規(guī)范要求的最低水平The Practical Welding Engineer熙它潤(rùn)翼紀(jì)丑詭巍懊墻罐趕郭豬第巖靜渡準(zhǔn)級(jí)莢瑚設(shè)煥拙榔霧鉑舜娃榨梳WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第9頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Variables 焊接變素重要變素essential variables 影響接頭彎曲和拉伸性能的因素Affect the bend ability and tension ability of joint非重要變素non essential variables 對(duì)彎曲和拉伸不能產(chǎn)生明顯影響的因素Cant produce visi

10、ble affection on bend ability and tension ability of joint附加重要變素supplemental essential variables 影響接頭沖擊性能的因素Affect the toughness of joint逮栗浸濺柵亥傅純朵掠惑報(bào)寓蟲艇毋豁爵潔舜剩雌撫盛紅肪秸付擲捉宰簡(jiǎn)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第10頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Essentials listed in AWS D1.1AWS 對(duì)各種焊接方法重要變素的規(guī)定徽聞葉姿焙腋屋茵晶蠻郵懼犬閘四花譚摧薊頂秀花塌戮廬誅磁嘴福香稽限WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AW

11、S版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第11頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。 Essentials in GMAW or FCAWGMAW and FCAW中的重要變素(AWS)Filler 填充材料Increase in filler metal classification strength增加填料的強(qiáng)度Change from one electrode classification to any other electrode classification，limited to FCAW從一種焊絲型號(hào)改變到另一種焊絲型號(hào)（只限藥芯焊絲）Change to an electrode classificatio

12、n not covered in AWS A5.18,A5.20,A5.28,A5.29.焊絲變?yōu)樵贏WS中沒(méi)有的型號(hào)Electrode焊絲Change in nominal electrode diameter :焊絲直徑變化（實(shí)芯焊絲），焊絲直徑增加（藥芯焊絲）蛛龐哦膿隕幢痘陛僳普撈摯構(gòu)良盟勿咱歹厲隙若蔗喉鎖賺邊藍(lán)剮卸緩隙撬WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第12頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Electrical parameters焊接參數(shù)A change in the amperage for each diameter每種焊絲直徑的電流變化超過(guò)10A change in t

13、ype of current (ac or dc) or polarity and mode of transfer (GMAW only)電流極性變化或GMAW過(guò)渡模式變化A change in the voltage for each diameter，surpass 7%電壓改變超過(guò)7An increase or decrease in the wire feed speed for each electrode diameter surpass 10%送絲速度改變超過(guò)10 Essentials in GMAW or FCAWGMAW and FCAW中的重要變素(AWS)屎河懂歸芽找偶

14、采茄濟(jì)倆玲摳潮刃聊紀(jì)剝飄勿庸些諱鐘惡斯沾弊炎蹲撥道WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第13頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。A change in the travel speed surpass 25%焊接速度改變超過(guò)25An increase in heat input surpass 10%熱輸入增加超過(guò)10 Shielding gas保護(hù)氣A change in shielding gas from a single gas to any other single gas or mixture of gas, or in the specified nominal percent

15、age composition of a gas mixture, or to no gas保護(hù)氣從單種氣體變?yōu)槠渌鼏畏N氣體或混合氣體 Essentials in GMAW or FCAWGMAW and FCAW中的重要變素(AWS)誘甫害郵翁擄毫窟仍拌脅陋遼餌妝巷聰稿嚙韓錐奶婉嘉廢盅材擬傳蕊遇倫WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第14頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。A change in total gas flow rate氣體流量增加大于50或減小超過(guò)20A change to a shielding gas not covered in。改變?yōu)椴话贏WS A5.18,5.

16、28,A5.20,A5.29中的保護(hù)氣。General 一般條件For the PQR groove area, an increase or decrease 25% in the number of passes 對(duì)于與PQR坡口面積相同的，焊道數(shù)改變超過(guò)25A change in position not qualified焊接位置改變?yōu)槲唇?jīng)評(píng)定的位置。 Essentials in GMAW or FCAWGMAW and FCAW中的重要變素(AWS)溯查締躲貨獻(xiàn)塔矩脆銜構(gòu)襄紫善既輔削惟嫌疽椒鞏腮矮停痰袋舊銥餡辮禮WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第15頁(yè)，共

17、42頁(yè)。A change in diameter, or thickness, or both, not qualified by Table 2工件直徑或厚度未在評(píng)定范圍之外。A change in base metal or combination of base metals not listed on the PQR 母材未經(jīng)評(píng)定Vertical Welding: For any pass from uphill to downhill or vice versa立焊：任何焊道從上到下焊接或相反A change in groove type (e.g., single-V to dou

18、ble-V), 坡口形式變化（例如，單V到雙V) Essentials in GMAW or FCAWGMAW and FCAW中的重要變素(AWS)算翔富獻(xiàn)脊諜敗丹難駛烴豬評(píng)竿玩米涯邁蹈猶弓域涯藍(lán)瘋囪喘垛忘隔簿炎WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第16頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。A change in the type of groove to a square groove and vice versa從任何坡口形式改變?yōu)橹边吇蛳喾碅 change exceeding the tolerances, including decreasing of groove angle, d

19、ecreasing of root opening, increasing of root face.坡口角度減小，坡口間隙減小以及鈍邊增加超過(guò)公差范圍The omission, but not inclusion, of backing or back gouging取消襯墊或清根Decrease from preheat temperature6 by 15 Celsius degree預(yù)熱溫度降低超過(guò)15度 Essentials in GMAW or FCAWGMAW and FCAW中的重要變素(AWS)握遞范庸沙弊暢妝政積升勉硅當(dāng)薄麗瘓垂歸顫茵遇匙寢注支癟臻呈廊充杠WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程

20、(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第17頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Figure 1. WPS sample 圖1.樣表Welding Procedure Specification (WPS)焊接工藝規(guī)范樣表厲份逢茂哄巷鈕蘸毅滬趟隋酮糟寡妓攆糊曹渺于蛇霞竅捻亡塢漾桿淵議澡WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第18頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Type of qualification testWPS評(píng)定試驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目及試樣數(shù)量、類型The type and number of qualification tests required to qualify a WPS for a given th

21、ickness, diameter, or both, shall conform to Table 2 (CJP), Table 3 (PJP) or Table 4 (fillet). Details on the individual NDT and mechanical test requirements are found in the following subsections: 評(píng)定WPS試驗(yàn)的項(xiàng)目及數(shù)量應(yīng)遵照表2(全焊透接頭），表3（部分焊透接頭）或表4（角接頭）。主要有以下幾種試驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目。 (1) Visual Inspection 外觀檢驗(yàn) (2) NDT無(wú)損檢驗(yàn)，含RT,M

22、T,UT,PT等 (3) Face, root and side bend面彎，背彎及側(cè)彎 (4) Reduced Section縮截面焊縫拉伸 (5) All-Weld-Metal Tension全熔敷金屬拉伸 (6) Macroetch 宏觀浸蝕兄瘩截的尸良守封保盯掙茄靴沮楞妻遺儡燥憶遲縷念始踢寞逞鑷漬凹褂柱WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第19頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Number and type of test specimens and range of thickness qualified-CJP評(píng)定焊縫的厚度和試驗(yàn)數(shù)量及類型(全焊透接頭）齊良噸喜凳岳斂阿咖隅啡

23、搶倚煽?jī)磸浬蜒淇寞徲罃∪泵烨@啥萎斧肋蘊(yùn)局WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第20頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Number and type of test specimens and range of thickness qualified-PJP評(píng)定焊縫的厚度和試驗(yàn)數(shù)量及類型(部分焊透接頭）至迢郊散真蔭礫歪幫挽士鄖吳煤炙骨稚爍倫錄眶滾爵突懼施橢榆兩締下參WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第21頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Number and type of test specimens and range of thickness qualified-Fillet

24、joint評(píng)定焊縫的厚度和試驗(yàn)數(shù)量及類型(角接頭）奶獄何干克貍嘗攙執(zhí)緣挾伺紐斜領(lǐng)芒宴吏足瀕牡撕但徘購(gòu)素嘛寺涎臉勝柏WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第22頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Classification of base metal 母材分類制樟勸擁發(fā)套燎股那瞻傣掐菠次堿肝斧兼恫楔客朗氮悅骸斯達(dá)氓漾恢財(cái)勇WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第23頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Classification of base metal 母材分類隙糾誠(chéng)嚎銳陷矛飲墊婦蝶灸珊?jiǎn)堰h(yuǎn)剝匹腎妥婚吐矢詫棋塵輛墳革引填鉛濫WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第24

25、頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Classification of base metal 母材分類央菜蔓乖率請(qǐng)棘繭癱地香旋秧茬姨多?；@為涵臭益叭膩述慈診黔專絨暈塔WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第25頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Square直邊Single-V單V坡口(帶襯墊)Double-V雙V形坡口(X形坡口)Groove Weld Types坡口形式Welding variables焊接因素懶戒囂付肝琺肖丈納干锨雖準(zhǔn)烏倘肢挑核燭陶刃嘶儒擋南粕仆幀授臀墳?zāi)隬PS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第26頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Single-bevel單邊V形坡口Double-bevel

26、K形坡口Groove Weld Types坡口形式Welding variables焊接因素膿虧銜羅梯鴉唐掣噸車乙哦苑廈刀荊尊臥降坤賓眺舍緩南稼媒鍘寞壩酞盼WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第27頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Single-U單面U形坡口Double-U雙面U形坡口Groove Weld Types坡口形式Welding variables焊接因素紅豁稍贈(zèng)頂幅熊嵌招臆澡裴宙輩蛤靳慷紳客甥悄潦逮孵臍淺輥茄痕陰匿碳WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第28頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Single-J單面J形坡口Double-J雙面J形坡口Groove Weld

27、Types坡口形式Welding variables焊接因素譚曝足淹郁幣績(jī)汽怒壬劃宋森崎儒餾石腕鄰灶齋劑謠凡饞九臣爸屁振錠耶WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第29頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Flare-bevel卷邊接頭Flare-VV形卷邊接頭Groove Weld Types坡口形式Welding variables焊接因素?fù)镆熬崤澝靶辽卣奶闱o廈彈攪圣鼠罕俞筏衙咳都像未亮針井吻肯背頸罕WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第30頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Welding Positions 焊接位置 Welding variables焊接因素憶績(jī)蝗屜款首墟燕恩依搜雅

28、體雇瑚藹銘糠拈烘優(yōu)遜發(fā)說(shuō)幾撰檸蠢遇駒斗潘WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第31頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Welding Positions 焊接位置 Welding variables焊接因素坡口焊縫板焊接位置蹤拐攤增宴丹紛臀兩劇找黍排擒狐萬(wàn)峰彤默埋奔噪茬魏首鹼鴦嗡幟翱蘋神WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第32頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Welding Positions 焊接位置 Welding variables焊接因素Groove weld pipe welding position 坡口焊縫管焊接位置檄渾揍織戰(zhàn)措粗奢斷罰崩疑糾馮拒贏雀殆豁使察墊童恃需賀懦撬

29、厚擂瘧轄WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第33頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Welding Positions 焊接位置 Welding variables焊接因素Groove weld pipe welding position 坡口焊縫管焊接位置輔鼓婿柜蕊匪濘房獵罕梆祟猿藍(lán)群滴助刊瘩脊之郝巴橇企舅贖廈科蜜芒估WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第34頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Welding Positions 焊接位置 Welding variables焊接因素Groove weld pipe welding position 坡口焊縫管焊接位置傈惡鑼玖緒址腑說(shuō)蔬仲

30、窘熱蔬松竣挑邦奸組箔厲鎢沽弓洞罪煩宅劇馮鎊朱WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第35頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Welding Positions 焊接位置 Welding variables焊接因素Groove weld pipe welding position 坡口焊縫管焊接位置蹄米趣鋼哈閣瓶猩權(quán)淑臟脅釘武庫(kù)晰贈(zèng)式住脫孰慣砌夕釬扒轎潰泳雷晃酚WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第36頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Welding Positions 焊接位置 Welding variables焊接因素Positions of Plate fillet welds 板角焊縫位置構(gòu)周恃綸蔣搏憐裙光悼寺熱嫩肋鉗共肉兩瞻卡橋膊瀾清水階掘洋稍搐疇俺WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)WPS焊接工藝規(guī)程(AWS版)第37頁(yè)，共42頁(yè)。Welding Positions 焊接位置 Welding variables焊接因素Positions of test piping or tubing for fillet welds 管管、管板角焊縫位置賊溺嘆姬譏徒簧按貶質(zhì)