1、第五章 管理Cisco互聯(lián)網(wǎng)絡(luò)Cisco Router 內(nèi)部組件ROM 功能路由器的啟動順序路由器執(zhí)行POST開機(jī)自檢。Bootstrap查找并加載Cisco IOS軟件。IOS在NVRAM中查找有效的配置文件。如果有，則復(fù)制到RAM中。無，則在以太網(wǎng)口進(jìn)行廣播查找TFTP尋求配置，如果找不到，進(jìn)入setupCisco 配置寄存器配置寄存器2102位值1514131211109876543210二進(jìn)制0010000100000010查看當(dāng)前配置寄存器的值wg_ro_a#show versionCisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (t

2、m) 2500 Software (C2500-JS-L), Version 12.0(3), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.Compiled Mon 08-Feb-99 18:18 by phanguyeImage text-base: 0 x03050C84, data-base: 0 x00001000ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 11.0(10c), SOFTWAREBOOTFLASH: 3000 Bootstrap Software (IGS-BO

3、OT-R), Version 11.0(10c), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)wg_ro_a uptime is 20 minutesSystem restarted by reloadSystem image file is flash:c2500-js-l_120-3.bin-More-Configuration register is 0 x2102使用show version命令查看修改寄存器命令路由器口令破解路由器口令破解路由器口令破解Boot system驗(yàn)證閃存Router#show versionCisco Internetwork Operating Sys

4、tem SoftwareIOS (tm) C2600 Software (C2600-JS-M), Version 12.0(7a), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)Copyright (c) 1986-2002 by cisco Systems, Inc.Compiled Tue 05-Feb-02 01:48 by pwadeImage text-base: 0 x80008088, data-base: 0 x80B0404CROM: System Bootstrap, Version 11.3(2)XA4, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)Router upt

5、ime is 1 minuteSystem restarted by reloadSystem image file is flash:c2600-js-mz.120-7a.bincisco 2610 (MPC860) processor (revision 0 x300) with 53248K/12288K bytes of memory.Processor board ID JAD06090BMD (2719249260)M860 processor: part number 0, mask 49Bridging software.X.25 software, Version 3.0.0

6、.SuperLAT software (copyright 1990 by Meridian Technology Corp).TN3270 Emulation software.Basic Rate ISDN software, Version 1.1.1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)2 Serial(sync/async) network interface(s)1 ISDN Basic Rate interface(s)32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.16384K bytes of proc

7、essor board System flash (Read/Write)Configuration register is 0 x2102驗(yàn)證閃存wg_ro_a#show flash System flash directory:File Length Name/status 1 10084696 c2500-js-l_120-3.bin 10084760 bytes used, 6692456 available, 16777216 total16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read ONLY)Cisco IOS 文件系統(tǒng)與設(shè)備管

8、理Cisco IOS 鏡像wg_ro_a#show flashSystem flash directory:File Length Name/status 1 10084696 c2500-js-l_120-3.bin 10084760 bytes used, 6692456 available, 16777216 total16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read ONLY)Verify that flash memory has room for the Cisco IOS image.檢查閃存中的鏡像文件升級之前需要先備份原來的

9、鏡像.備份和升級 軟件映像升級鏡像文件設(shè)備配置文件Cisco IOS copy 命令NVRAMTerminalTFTP serverErase startCisco IOS copy命令舉例running-configTFTP Server saved.cfgResultingrunning-configcopy tftp run (merged)interface s0 ip address interface e0 ip address interface e1 no ip addressinterface e0 ip address interface e1 ip address int

10、erface s0 ip address interface e0 ip address interface e1 ip address copy run tftp 和copy tftp run 命令wg_ro_a#copy running-config tftp Address or name of remote host ? Destination filename running-config? wgroa.cfg .!1684 bytes copied in 13.300 secs (129 bytes/sec) wg_ro_a#copy tftp running-config Add

11、ress or name of remote host ? Source filename ? wgroa.cfg Destination filename running-config? Accessing t/wgroa.cfg. Loading wgroa.cfg from (via Ethernet0): !OK - 1684/3072 bytes1684 bytes copied in 17.692 secs (99 bytes/sec)IFS命令 dir copy more show file delete erase/format cd/pwd mkdir/rmdir使用Cisco發(fā)現(xiàn)協(xié)議 Cisco發(fā)現(xiàn)協(xié)議(Cisco Discovery Protocol)是由Cisco設(shè)計(jì)的專用協(xié)議。通過使用CDP，可以收集相鄰設(shè)備的硬件和協(xié)議信息，對于故障診斷和網(wǎng)絡(luò)文件歸檔很有用。使用CDP發(fā)現(xiàn)鄰居CDP 運(yùn)行在 Cisco IOS 10.3 及以上版本的路由器，交換機(jī)，集線器上.總結(jié)信息包括:設(shè)備標(biāo)識符地址列表端口標(biāo)識符Capabilities listPlatform使用 CDP使用 show cdp neighbor