1、 / 11高中二年級英語學(xué)案Units 5-6 （B2）【知識網(wǎng)絡(luò)】一、重點詞匯與短語 由 up and down 想到的英文中有很多類似up and down （上上下下）的表達(dá)，學(xué)會這些表達(dá)對靈活應(yīng)用語言有很大的幫助，下面列舉一些常見的例子：again and again一次又一次here and there處處，到處back and forth前前后后to and fro來來回回day and night日日夜夜black and blue青一塊紫一塊now and then偶爾，時時high and low到處in and out時進(jìn)時出young and old不論老少in ） tw

2、os andthrees三三兩兩at） sixes andsevens亂七八糟 make 作使役動詞用法make 作使役動詞時, 后面可以接不帶to 的動詞不定式, 過去分詞 , 名詞或形容詞作復(fù)合賓語。 用法如下 :（ 1） . make sb do sth 結(jié)構(gòu) .例如 :I made him come.我讓他來的.He was made to come.有人讓他來.注意make后接不帶to的動詞不定式作補語，但變?yōu)楸粍訒r，轉(zhuǎn)換為帶to的不定式，類 似的有 let 和 have. make +賓語+過去分詞”，其中賓語往往是主語所對應(yīng)的oneself或one&.例如 :I can t ma

3、ke myself understood.我表達(dá)不清楚我的意思 .She tried to make her voice heard.他盡量讓別人聽到她的說話聲 .make +賓語+形容詞”，表示 使”.例如 :They ve made their hometown rich.他們使他們的家鄉(xiāng)富有起來了 .The Internet also makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers and companies in other countries. TOC o 1-5 h z 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使公司與國外客戶之間的聯(lián)系和交

4、往越來越簡單.make +賓語+名詞”，表示使成為”.例如：In 1849, Marx went to England and make London the base for his revolutionary work .1849 年 , 馬克思去了英國 , 并將倫敦作為他革命工作的根據(jù)地.3 英語中復(fù)合形容詞的作用及構(gòu)成1)復(fù)合形容詞主要用來作定語, 通常作前置定語, 即要放在被修飾詞的前面.例如 :He is a good-looking actor.他是一位帥氣的男演員.2)復(fù)合形容詞的構(gòu)成.A “數(shù)詞 +名詞 ”.例如 :ten-speed bicycle 十速自行車1000-me

5、tre race 1000 米賽跑B “名詞 + 形容詞 ” .例如 :world-famous expert 世界著名的專家duty-free product 免稅產(chǎn)品energy-efficient 節(jié)能的C “名詞 +現(xiàn)在分詞”.例如 :peace-loving people 熱愛和平的人們energy-saving 節(jié)能的English-speaking countries 說英語的國家D “名詞 + 過去分詞 ” .例如 :man-made projects 人造工程state-owned factory 國有工廠E “形容詞 + 名詞 ” .例如 :new-world 新大陸的th

6、e Mid-autumn Festival 中秋節(jié)F “形容詞+現(xiàn)在分詞” .例如 :ordinary-looking actor 相貌平平的演員easy-going classmate 好說話的同學(xué)G “形容詞 + 過去分詞 ” .例如 :new-found house 新近找到的房子ready-make clothes 現(xiàn)成的衣服warm-hearted girl 熱心腸的女孩cold-blooded creature 冷血動物H “數(shù)詞 + 名詞 +ed ” .例如：three-legged table 三條腿的桌子four-eyed fish 四只眼的魚J “數(shù)詞 +名詞 +形容詞 ”

7、.例如 :five-year-old boy 五歲的男孩14-metre-deep hole14 米深的洞K “副詞 + 現(xiàn)在分詞 ” .例如 :far-reaching significance 深遠(yuǎn)的意義hard-working mother 勤勞的母親L “副詞+過去分詞”例如 :well-educated gentleman 受過良好教育的紳士well-prepared 準(zhǔn)備好了的strongly-built boxer 體格健壯的拳擊手 注意 當(dāng)復(fù)合形容詞中含有可數(shù)名詞時, 這個名詞只能用單數(shù)二、詞義辨析辨析 worthwhile, worth, worthy請研讀下列句子,注意黑體

8、詞的意義和用法： We had a long wait, but it was worthwhile because we got the tickets. It s well worth making the effort to learn how to do it. The novel is worth reading. That piece of land is worth 500,000. That s a performance worthy to be remembered. The newly-built museum is worthy of being visited onc

9、e again.解析 1. 我們等了很長時間 , 但這是值得的,因為我們總算買到票了。（worthwhile adj.“值得花時間/精力 / 金錢的” ）很值得花一番功夫去學(xué)會怎么做這件事。 （ worth adj. 多用作表語, “值得 ”）這本小說值得一看。 （ worth 常構(gòu)成搭配be worth doing ）那塊地值50 萬英鎊。 （ worth prep. 其后可接名詞、代詞作介詞賓語。 ）那是一場值得懷念的演出。（worthy adj. “值得. 的；配得上.的；應(yīng).的”）新建的那家博物館值得再去看看。 （worthy 常構(gòu)成搭配： be worthy of being don

10、e ； be worthy to be done ） strength, force, energy 和 power 的區(qū)別這四個詞都表示 “力 ” 的意思 .1 ）strength 表示 “力 ”的意思 . 通常指固有的潛在力量. 就人而言 , 著重指力氣; 就物而言著重指強度, 潛力等 .例如 :He lifted the huge stone with all his strength.他使盡全身力氣舉起那塊石頭 .Lets test the strength of the little bridge by walking on it. TOC o 1-5 h z 咱們在小橋上走一走,

11、試試它的強度.2 ） force 主要指自然界的力量, 暴力 , 勢力 , 說服力 , 壓制力 , 法律 , 道德或感情的力量,軍事力量等. 總之 , 它是活動過程中的力量.例如 :If you drop something, the force of gravity will pull it to the floor.如果你仍下一樣?xùn)|西, 地心引力就把它吸引到地板上.Religion and politics are powerful forces in society.宗教與政治是社會上的強大勢力 .The police had to use force when they took hi

12、m to the police station.當(dāng)警察帶他到警察局時, 他們不得不用武力 .energy 主要指 “人的精力 ; 自然界的力量”.例如 :Electrical energy raises and lowers elevators. TOC o 1-5 h z 電能使電梯升降.Old as he is, he has so much energy that he can work 14 hours a day.盡管年紀(jì)大, 他有足夠的精力 , 每天工作 14 小時 .（ 4 ） power 主要指做一件事所需要的能力 , 功能 , 人或機器等事物的潛在能量.例如 :Knowled

13、ge is power.知識就是力量.The masses have boundless creative power.人民群眾有無限的創(chuàng)造力 .Water power creates electric power.水力能產(chǎn)生電力三、重點句型 If we learn to welcome change and appreciate what is new and different, we will be well-prepared for whatever the future may have in store. 如果我們學(xué)會迎接變化 , 學(xué)會欣賞新的 不同的東西, 我們就能有準(zhǔn)備地迎接未

14、來給我們帶來的一切what is new and different 是名詞性從句 , 在句中作賓語. 如 :He is so young that he cannot tell what is right and what is wrong.be well-prepared for為作好準(zhǔn)備”，通常表示一種狀態(tài).We are well-prepared for the coming examination. For example, if you use a telephone that transforms a person s voice into ones or zeroes, as

15、a digital phone does, you still think that the voice you hear is“real”, don t you? 例如 , 如果你使用一部把人的聲音轉(zhuǎn)換成數(shù)字的電話 , 就像數(shù)字電話那樣, 你仍然會認(rèn)為你聽到的聲音是真實的 , 是嗎 ?as a digital phone does就像數(shù)字電話那樣，此時as引出的是一方式狀語從句,從句還可以用倒裝 .如:She plays the piano, as does her mother. I have written before that this country has high hills,

16、 whose tops spread out into green and moist fields upon which great numbers of sheep are fed. 我以前寫過一本書 , 書中寫道 : 那個國 家有高山 , 山頂綿延到翠綠 , 潮濕的田野, 上面養(yǎng)著大量的羊.Whose tops引導(dǎo)出一個定語從句.whose +n”引導(dǎo)定語從句，whose可指人，也可指物.指 物時 , 亦可換用“the +n. +of which ”或“of which the +n. ”.如:The house was damaged has now been repaired.upo

17、n which 引出的也是一個定語從句 , upon 與前面的 fields 有搭配關(guān)系 .如:He lost his bicycle on which he often went to school.四、語法復(fù)習(xí)名詞性從句，包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句，以及同位語從句，在復(fù)合句中分別作主句的主語、賓語、表語，以及同位語。1 主語從句：在復(fù)合句中作主句的主語。引導(dǎo)主語從句的詞有從屬連詞 that, whether 以及連接代詞 who, whom, what, which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever 和連接副詞 where, when,

18、why, how 等。如：That she was ill made us very worried.Where we should go for our holiday has not been decided yet.有時為了使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡, 避免 “頭重腳輕” ， 常用 it 作形式主語， 而把主語從句放在后面。這樣就構(gòu)成了以下一些句型：1 ) It is+ adj./n. +從句It is unlikely that he will come tonight.It is a pity that we didn t go to the 28th Olympic Games.It+不及物動

19、詞+從句It seems that he doesn t like the house at all.It happened that I know the president of the company.It+ be+過去分詞+從句It is reported that over 200 people were killed in the fire.It was said that nobody could work out that problem. 賓語從句： 在復(fù)合句中做句子的賓語。 引導(dǎo)賓語從句的詞有從屬連詞 that, if 或 whether ， 連接代詞 who, whom,

20、 what, which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever 和連接副詞 where, when, why, how 等。如：I don t think (that) he is fit for the job.They are careful about what they eat.It is hard for us to imagine where all these advanced technologies will lead us.有時為了使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，避免“頭重腳輕” ，常用 it 作形式賓語，而把賓語從句放在 后面。I don t t

21、hink it a good decision that he be given this job since he has no experience at all.特別提示： 賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞that 可以省略， 但如果有兩個以上由 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，則一般不省略that。另外，賓語從句中如果有“or not，則不能用1f只能用Whether”。如：Conferences like the Earth Summit help people understand that there exist serious problems and that there is still tim

22、e to take action.Nobody knows whether his dream will come true or not.標(biāo)語從句：在復(fù)合句中作句子的表語。引導(dǎo)表語從句的詞有從屬連詞 that, whether 以及連接代詞 who, whom, what, which 和連接副詞 where, when, why, how 等。如：The fact is that I know nothing about it.The problem is how we can raise so much money.My question is who will get the posi

23、tion. 同位語從句：在復(fù)合句中作句子的同位語。 引導(dǎo)同位語從句的詞有從屬連詞 that, whether 以及連接代詞 who, whom, what, which 和連接副詞 where, when, why, how 等。如:What to you think of my idea that we go to Qing dao for our summer holiday this year?Everyone was excited at the news that China won the bid for the 28 th Olympic Games.Scientists hav

24、e not found answers to the question how life began on earth.有時 that 從句可與先行詞分開。如：The fact remains that he doesn t believe me at all.特別提示：主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞 that 只起引導(dǎo)詞作用，不作名詞性從句的成分，且不能省略。其他引導(dǎo)詞則既起引導(dǎo)詞的作用又充當(dāng)從句的某一成分。【考點透視考例精析 】考點 even though/ even if 用作連詞， “盡管，即使” ，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句?？祭?1 Allow children the space

25、to voice their opinions, they are different fromyour own.A untilB even ifC unlessD as though點撥until 直到”，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；even if即使，盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句； unless “如果不，除非”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句； as though/ as if “似乎，仿佛”，引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。分析前后兩句之間的關(guān)系，這里要選 B。拓展 1 注意 even though 和 even so 的區(qū)別： even though/ even if 用作連詞， “盡管，即使” ，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句； eve

26、n so 用做副詞，意思是“盡管這樣/ 那樣；即便如此”?？祭?2 Your uncle seems to be a good driver; , I wouldn t dare to travel in hiscar.A even soB even though C therefore D so點撥 選 A 。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這里要用副詞even so。拓展 2 對連詞的考查， 是高考考查的重點之一。 要正確的選擇連詞， 除了了解常用連詞的意義和用法外，關(guān)鍵在于正確分析前后句之間的關(guān)系?？祭? I d like to arrive 20 minutes early I can have tim

27、e for a cup of coffee.A as soon as B as a result C in caseD so that點撥選D。后句“我有時間喝杯咖啡”是前句“我想提前20分鐘到”白目的。so that“以便，為了” ，引導(dǎo)目的狀語?？祭? T hey wanted to charge $5,000 for the car, we managed to bring the pricedown.A butB soC whenD since點撥 選 A 。 前后句之間意思轉(zhuǎn)折，我們選表轉(zhuǎn)折意義的連詞 but ?！净A(chǔ)演練】一、根據(jù)所給首字母或括號中的漢語意思填寫句子空格中所缺的單詞

28、。 G is the study of the countries of the world and of the seas, rivers, towns, etc. on theearth s surface. Salary for teachers in China has increased by an a of 10% We are familiar with such c as bags, bottles, boxes and so on. Shanxi is rich in e power, which ensures the supply of electricity for B

29、eijing, Tianjin andsome other places. Don t discuss the problems together; each should be dealt with s The forest covers an area of 1,5000 s kilometers. The rose is a beautiful flower with a p smell. We had no c but to accept their decision. We close out shop at m , that is, we have our shop open ti

30、ll 12o clock in the night. The children were still wide a . They were not at all sleepy.二、單項填空 The test a number of multiple choice questions.A consistsofB lies inCmakesofD takes inShe can t her husband making fun of her.A allowBbearCagreeD suffer Many companies and consumers have already begun refo

31、rming the way they do business.A howBof whichCin thatD不填Thanks to the invention of the mobile phone, people can now keep in with each otherquite easilyA relationB unionC touchD connectionyou ll have a greater chance of finding a suitable job if you have done some part-timejobsA Generally B Especiall

32、y C MainlyD Surprisingly Do island nations have advantages other countries?A withB overC uponD from The murderer tried to run away from the prison but he getting arrested by the police.A ended upB broke upC started upD cut upA warm thought suddenly came to me I might use the pocket money to buy some

33、 flowers for my mother s birthday . 06 安徽卷A . ifB . whenC. thatD. whichWe have only a short holiday, so lets the most of it and try to enjoy ourselves.A . getB . takeC. makeD. have. He came up with a new to the problem at yesterday s meeting.A . wayB . methodC. meansD. approach【能力拓展】完形填空：Mars is not

34、, it seems, the dry old planet we once believed (1 ) . Astronauts who are (2) to go there in the next decade may find plenty (3) water to slake (消除)their thirst. And with water present the (4)of finding some sort of life of Mars are (5) brighter.This is the view of forty geologists who have been ana

35、lyzing (6) of pictures and other scientific (7) obtained by robot explorers in the sixties and seventies.To begin with, scientists thought the Red planet was as (8) as the Moon (9) dust storms swirling over vast sandy (10). But now the picture is very different (11)mountains and valleys carved by (1

36、2) glaciers and rivers rushing and rumbling deep underground.In a report on the analysis of the Martian pictures Dr. Michael Car of the U. S. Geological Survey comments: am convinced (13) lots of water on Mars. Any surface water will be in the (14) of ice. But it could save explorers from (15) to ta

37、ke so much (16) with them.The report says (17) Mars probably had a warmer climate in ages (18) due to its axis (軸)having been more tilted (傾斜)towards the sun.signs of plant or animal life have been detected by instruments landed on Mars,(20)the landing vehicles have been sent there for a few years.1

38、.A .it isB.itC.it to beD.was2.A .expectedB.hopedC.requiredD.sent3.A .toB.ofC.moreD.in4.A .chancesB.openingsC.occasionsD.possibility5.A .quiteB.veryC.muchD.more6.A .a fewB.manyC.thousandD.thousands7.A .skillsB.newsC.intelligenceD.information8.A .peacefulB.quietC.lifelessD.dead9.A .ofB.withC.forD.thro

39、ugh10.A .desertsB.mountainsC.riversD.seas11.A .fromB.betweenC.forD.with12.A .energeticB.greatC.heavyD.powerful13 A there sBthere reChere sDhere re14 A appearanceBwayCformDshape15 A haveBhavingCcarryDcarrying16 A waterBiceCequipmentDoxygen17 A whatBifChowDthat18 A passBpastCagoDbefore19 A NotBNoCNorDNever20 A probablyBperhapsCsupposedDalthough參考答案高二部分Units 5-6 (B2)基礎(chǔ)演練1 Geography 2 average 3 containers 4 electrical 5 separately 6 square 7 pleasant 8 choice 9 midnight 10 awake1 A 2 B 3 D 4 C 5 A 6 B 7 A 8 C 9 C 10 D