1、經(jīng)絡(luò)是人體組織結(jié)構(gòu)的重要組成部分，它“內(nèi)屬于臟腑，外絡(luò)于肢節(jié)”，遍布全身，無處不到，將人體的內(nèi)部臟腑和外部各組織器官聯(lián)系為一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體。經(jīng)絡(luò)學(xué)說是中醫(yī)理論的重要組成部分，一直指導(dǎo)著中醫(yī)各科的臨床實(shí)踐，尤其是在針灸、推拿方面，有著十分重要的意義。經(jīng)絡(luò)（Channels and Collaterals）概念作用一、經(jīng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)的組成： 十二經(jīng)脈 經(jīng)脈 奇經(jīng)八脈 經(jīng)絡(luò) 十二經(jīng)別 系統(tǒng) 十五別絡(luò) 絡(luò)脈 浮絡(luò) 孫絡(luò) The Channels and Collaterals concept interiorly-exteriorly within he body collaterals networks,

2、thinner and smaller than channels, are the branches which run crisscrossly over the body channels the main trunks which run longitudinally andPhysiological Functions The channels and collaterals are distributed all over the body, pertains to the organs interiorly and extend to the Extremities and jo

3、ints exteriorly, joining the organs, tissues Into an organic whole, by which they can transport qi and Blood, keeping the functions and activities of all parts of the Body in harmony and balance relatively.Channels Twelve Muscle Regions etc. andCollaterals Collaterals Minute Collaterals Superficial

4、Collaterals Twelve Regular Channels Channels Eight Extra Channels Fifteen CollateralsComposition * The Twelve Regular Channels 1. Name 二、十二經(jīng)脈：(Twelve Regular Channels) 1、名稱分類陰經(jīng)（屬臟）陽經(jīng)（屬腑）循行部位手太陰肺經(jīng)陽明大腸經(jīng)上肢前部厥陰心包經(jīng)少陽三焦經(jīng)中部少陰心經(jīng)太陽小腸經(jīng)后部足太陰脾經(jīng)陽明胃經(jīng)下肢前部厥陰肝經(jīng)少陽膽經(jīng)中部少陰腎經(jīng)太陽膀胱經(jīng)后部Yin channel(pertains to one viscera)Yan

5、g channel(pertains to onebowel)Main locationYin channel: medial aspectYang channel: lateral aspecthandThe lung channelThe large intestine channelUpper-limbsAnterior lineThe pericardium channelThe triple warmer channelMedium lineThe heart channelThe small intestine channelPosterior linefootThe spleen

6、 channelThe stomach channelLower-limbsAnterior lineThe liver channelThe gallbladder channelMedium lineThe kidney channelThe urinary channelPosterior line2、走向、交接、分布、表里關(guān)系及流注次序1）走向和交接規(guī)律 腹 胸足三陰經(jīng) 手三陰經(jīng) * 陰經(jīng)與陰經(jīng) 交于胸腹； 足 手 足三陽經(jīng) 手三陽經(jīng) 陽經(jīng)與陽經(jīng) 交于頭面 頭 陰經(jīng)與陽經(jīng) 交于四肢末端 *The Eight Extra Channels The eight extra channels

7、 are the Du, Ren, Chong, Dai, Yinwei,Yangwei, Yinqiao and Yangqiao channels. Unlike the twelve channels, none of them pertain to the viscera or bowels, and they are not exteriorly-interiorly related. Their courses are unique, and hence the name, the extra channels. Their main functions: strengthenin

8、g the association between the twelve regularchannels regulating the qi and blood of the regular Channels. 腧穴（Acupoints）1、腧穴的主治作用：1）近治作用：2）遠(yuǎn)治作用：3）特殊作用：2、腧穴的分類1）十四經(jīng)穴：（Regular Points）2）奇穴：（Extraordinary Points）3）阿是穴（Tender Spots） Acupoints Acupoints are the sites through which the qi of the organs and

9、bowels , channels is transported to the body surface. *Basic Knowledge of Acupoints1 The Therapeutic Properties of Acupoints Local and adjacent therapeutic properties Remote therapeutic properties (esp. the points below the elbow and knee) e.g. Zusanli (S36) treat disorders of lower limbs regulate t

10、he whole digestive systemSpecial therapeutic properties2）自然標(biāo)志取穴法：有固定標(biāo)志和活動(dòng)標(biāo)志 3）手指同身寸法：a中指同身寸法b拇指同身寸法c橫指同身寸法（一夫法）2) Anatomical landmarks Fixed landmark e.g. five sense organs, nipple, navel, finger nail Movable landmark e.g. Tinggong(SJ 19) 3)Simple measurement 4) Finger measurement The length and width of the patients finger(s) are taken as standard for point location. Middle finger measurement Four-finger measurement Thumb measurement 作業(yè)：1、名詞解釋：經(jīng)絡(luò)、腧穴2、簡(jiǎn)述十二經(jīng)脈的命名、走向、交接、分布 規(guī)律。3、腧穴可分為哪三類？有哪些主治作用？ 如何定位？4、中譯英：經(jīng)絡(luò)、十二經(jīng)脈、奇經(jīng)八脈、 腧穴、奇穴、阿是穴 Homework：1、Term explanation：Channels and collaterals, Acu