1、語(yǔ)法 Grammar名詞 n. （一）概述 名詞是表示人、地方、事物或抽象概念名稱(chēng)的詞，可以說(shuō)名詞是萬(wàn)物之名稱(chēng)。它們可以是： 人的名字 Li Ming, Tom 地方名稱(chēng) China, London 職業(yè)稱(chēng)呼 teacher, doctor 物品名稱(chēng) pencil, dictionary 行為名稱(chēng) study, invention 抽象概念 history, grammar （二）名詞的分類(lèi)專(zhuān)有名詞 &普通名詞可數(shù)名詞 &不可數(shù)名詞1專(zhuān)有名詞 主要指人名、地名及某些類(lèi)人和事物專(zhuān)有的名稱(chēng)。如：Mary，Beijing，Americans, English，May, Saturday, Easte

2、r Gone with the Wind 2普通名詞 除專(zhuān)有名詞外，其它都屬于普通名詞。如： boy，classroom，book, bag, aunt, family, juice, milk, age, childhood1.可數(shù)名詞（ countable noun）可以分清個(gè)體，以數(shù)目來(lái)計(jì)算的，有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：book, girl, ruler, room, apple, box, bus, watch, day, zoo2.不可數(shù)名詞（ uncountable noun）不可以分清個(gè)體，不能以數(shù)目來(lái)計(jì)算，只有單數(shù)形式。如: water, milk, coffee, tea, rice,

3、 bread, work,study, love 分類(lèi)：可數(shù)名詞（） or 不可數(shù)名詞（）？boy, knife, peace, potato, wind, tomato, hero, music, pleasure, map, radio, technology, desk, egg在中文是可數(shù)，英文卻不可數(shù)：如： money ，cloth ，bread ， hair ，meat， furniture， rice ，news 因此，平時(shí)要多積累哦！可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式 1.規(guī)則變化：一般情況 在詞尾加-s：deskdesks ；daydays； girlgirls 以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)

4、尾的詞 在詞尾加-es： bus buses； boxboxes； watchwatches以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞 變y為I再加-es： familyfamilies factoryfactories partyparties 以f或fe 結(jié)尾的詞 變f或fe為v再加-es: knifeknives; lifelives; wifewives; halfhalves Important !Lets practice!I. 寫(xiě)出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式： house _ 2. village _ 3. map _ 4. orange _ 5. bag _ 7. dish _ 8. family _ 9

5、. boy _ 10. monkey _ 11. box _ 12. knife _ 13. class _ 14. factory _ 15. leaf_ 16. dictionary _ 17. watch _housesvillagesmapsorangesbagsdishesfamiliesboysmonkeysboxesknivesclassesfactoriesleavesdictionarieswatches2.不規(guī)則變化：1）以o結(jié)尾加-es： potatopotatoes tomatotomatoes heroheroes Negro Negroes2)字母a變e: manm

6、en, womanwomen, FrenchmanFrenchmen, policeman-policemen3)字母oo變ee:toothteeth, footfeet, goosegeese但：German Germans human humans4)單復(fù)數(shù)同形：sheepsheep, deerdeer, fishfishChinese-Chinese, Japanese Japanesecattle cattle5)其他：childchildren, mousemice,medium media, basis bases不同國(guó)籍的人的復(fù)數(shù)形式：1）加-s:Australian Austr

7、alians Russian RussiansItalian Italians Greek GreeksAmerican Americans Indian IndiansCanadian Canadians German Germans2)變a為e：Englishman EnglishmenFrenchman Frenchmen3）單復(fù)數(shù)同形：Chinese Chinese Japanese JapaneseSwiss Swiss 3.合成名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式： 有主體時(shí)，主體變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù) father-in-law fathers-in-law (岳父，公公）無(wú)主體時(shí)，結(jié)尾加“ s ” grown-u

8、p grown-ups （成年人） go-between go-betweens （媒介者;中間人） 如果其中有man或者woman，則兩個(gè)都要變復(fù)數(shù) woman doctor women doctors man doctor men doctorsCan you try?把下列名詞變復(fù)數(shù)形式：looker-on woman singer sister-in-law man cookpasser-by housewifebride-to-be woman doctorschoolroomlookers-onwomen singerssisters-in-lawmen cookspassers-

9、byhousewivesbrides-to-bewomen doctorsschoolrooms1、orange_ 2、class_ 3、text _ 4、monkey_ 5、piano_ 6、child_ 7、shelf _ 8、bed_ 9、country_ 10、family_ 11、toy _ 12、foot _ 13、Japanese_14、radio_ 15、photo_ 16. army_ 17.cattle_ 18.Australian_Brainstorm!orangesclassestextsmonkeyspianoschildrenshelvesbedscountries

10、familiestoysfeetJapaneseradiosphotosarmiescattleAustraliansLets learn more!不可數(shù)名詞的量的表達(dá)：可以加上一個(gè)表示數(shù)量的修飾詞來(lái)表示它的數(shù)量,如:a piece of, a cup of, a bag of, a glass of, a kilo of一張紙 a piece of paper三張紙 three pieces of paper 一包大米 a bag of rice十包大米 ten bags of rice*可數(shù)名詞也可以這樣表達(dá)量,但要用復(fù)數(shù)形式：a box of books five bags of ap

11、plesten kilos of oranges也就是短語(yǔ)里面可數(shù)名詞要變復(fù)數(shù)的都變復(fù)數(shù)哦！常用量詞總結(jié)a glass of 一玻璃杯 a cup of 一杯a bottle of 一瓶 a bag of 一包，一袋a box of 一盒；一箱 a piece of 一張(一片,塊)a kilo of 一公斤；一千克a basket of 一籃 a pair of 一對(duì)，一雙，一副a group of 一群，一隊(duì)，一組Lets try!1、三杯水 2、五杯茶 3、一公斤米4、二十箱書(shū)5、三籃子蔬菜 6、八雙鞋子7、十杯牛奶 8、五塊肉 9、一副眼鏡 three glasses of water

12、five cups of teaa kilo of ricetwenty boxes of booksthree baskets of vegetableseight pairs of shoesten glasses of milkfive pieces of meata pair of glasses名詞所有格：1) 一般情況加 -s：childrens books 兒童圖書(shū) todays paper 今天的報(bào)紙(2) 帶詞尾-s的復(fù)數(shù)名詞只加 ()：girls school 女子學(xué)校 the Smiths car 史密斯家的小汽車(chē)（3）注意以下情況：Toms and Jims rooms

13、 湯姆和吉姆(各自)的房間Tom and Jims room 湯姆和吉姆(共同)的房間6.Do you know where this _ handbag is ? ( lady)7.Many of my _ houses were robbed. ( neighbours)8.The _ uniforms are red. ( player)9.These are the _ toys. ( children)ladysneighboursplayerschildrens1. _ room is next to their parents. A. Kates and Joans B. Kat

14、es and Joan C. Kate and Joans D. Kate and Joan2.June 1 is _. A. childrens day B. childrens Day C. Childrens Day D. Childrens day 3. - Whose room is this? - Its _. A. Li Ming B. Li Mings C. Li Mings D. Li Mings 4.The woman over there is _ mother.A. Julia and Shelleys B. Julias and ShelleysC. Julia an

15、d Shelley D. Julias and Shelley 二.選擇填空：Exercises P331.主語(yǔ)2.表語(yǔ)3.狀語(yǔ)4.同位語(yǔ)5.賓語(yǔ)Review：一.變復(fù)數(shù)： 1. Chinese _ 2. shelf _ 3. Russian _ 4. American_ 5. life _ 6. tooth _7. deer _ 8. piano_9.mouse_ 10.goose_11.hero_ 12.Swiss_ChineseshelvesRussiansAmericanslivesteethdeerpianosmicegeeseheroesSwiss一玻璃杯一茶杯一瓶一包，一袋一盒；

16、一箱一張(一片,塊)一公斤；一千克一籃子一對(duì)，一雙，一副一群，一隊(duì)，一組a glass of二、常用量詞總結(jié)a cup ofa bottle ofa bag ofa box ofa piece ofa kilo ofa basket ofa pair ofa group of1. Today is September 10th. Its _ Day. A. Teacher B. Teachers C. Teachers D. Teacher 2. This is _ ball. Its not _ . A. the boys, girls B. the boys, the girls C. t

17、he boy, the girl D. boys, girls 3. This year, _ is on May 9th. A. my mothers brithday B. my mothers brithday C. my mothers brithday D. my motherss brithday4. These are _ books. Li Lin bought some at the Sun Bookstore and Jill bought some at the Blue Sky Bookstore. A. Li Lins and Jill B. Li Lin and J

18、ills C. Li Lins and Jill D. Li Lins and Jills 三、名詞所有格動(dòng)詞 v.語(yǔ)法 Grammar一、概述 動(dòng)詞是表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的詞。如： help，see，go，come, run, fly,look, seem, get, become,can,may動(dòng)詞的基本形式1.動(dòng)詞原形2.第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)3.現(xiàn)在分詞4.過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞Important！第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù):1在動(dòng)詞原形后加-s runruns 2以ch, sh, s, o, x結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后加-es teachteacheswashwashesgogoes passpasses 3以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)

19、詞，先將y變?yōu)閕，再加-es trytries fly flies過(guò)去式與過(guò)去分詞（規(guī)則變化） 1.在動(dòng)詞原形后加-ed; 詞尾有e的加-d. work-workedlike-liked2.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先將y變?yōu)閕再加-ed carry-carriedstudy-studied3以重讀閉音節(jié)一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先雙寫(xiě)再加-ed stop-stoppedrob-robbedExercises按要求寫(xiě)出動(dòng)詞的形式:1.wash2.match3.stop4.make5.read6.play7.watch8.guess第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞原形washeswashingw

20、ashedwashedmatchesmatchingmatchedmatchedstopsstoppingstoppedstoppedmakesmakingmademadereadsreadingreadreadplaysplayingplayedplayedwatcheswatchingwatchedwatchedguessesguessingguessedguessed 9.study10.finish11.go12.snow13.carry14.teach15.do16.say原形第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞studiesstudiedstudiedstudyingfinishes

21、finishingfinishedfinishedgoesgoingwentgonesnowssnowingsnowedsnowedcarriescarryingcarriedcarriedteachesteachingtaughttaughtdoesdoingdiddonesayssayingsaidsaid動(dòng)詞Period 2&3Lets review what we learned yesterday! e原形第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞 destroysdestroyeddestroyingcatchescatchingcaughtcaughtdancesdancingdance

22、ddancedworrysworryingworriedworriedgetsgettinggotgotwasheswashingwashedwashedsingssingingsangsungcomescomingcamecomedestroyed動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞： every時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（如every day）,on Sundays, at the weekend, often, always, sometimes, usually，沒(méi)標(biāo)志等。如：She does her homework ever

23、y day. My father usually goes to work by bus.2、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞： yesterday; “in + 過(guò)去年、月份”，last短語(yǔ)；ago短語(yǔ)；just now, once(從前)。如：I went to see a film yesterday. She worked in that factory last year.用適當(dāng)?shù)膭?dòng)詞形式填空：Exercises 1. There _ a telephone call for you just now. (be)2. People usually _ (eat) dinner in the eve

24、ning . 3. His sister always_(go) to school at 7:00 a.m . 4.Tom and Mary _ (come) to China last month. 5.Jenny and Danny sometimes_(play) games in the afternoon . 6.Mike _(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night.waseatgoescameplaydidnt go7.My mother _ (not do) housework yesterday.8. She _(not visit

25、) her aunt two days ago. 9. There _ (be) no one here a moment ago. 10. Lin Tao _ (like) his new sweater .11. There _( be not) any hospitals in my hometown (家鄉(xiāng)) in 1940.12. Where _you_(have)lunch every day? didnt dodidnt visitwaslikeswerent dohave3、 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞：tomorrow(morning); next 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；soon; “in+一段

26、時(shí)間”；“in + 未來(lái)年、月份”；before longMary will go shopping tomorrow.Jane is going to travel abroad in two days.4、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞：now; these days; look(at); listen(to)等Look! The cat is chasing the mouse.My sister is doing her homework now.Exercises !1.He _(come)back in a week.2.She_(be)a conductor of a train soon

27、.3.Listen! She_(sing )in the classroom.4. Li Ming _(be)ten years old next year.5.Look!The boy over there_(play) a model plane.6.China _(become)a modern and strong country before long.will comewill beis singingwill beis playingwill become7.We often_(buy)books and things like that in the shop. 8.I _（l

28、eave）in a minute. I _（finish）all my work before I _ （leave）.9.-What are you doing? -I_(do) my homework.10. The day after tomorrow they _(watch) a volleyball match.11.They _(hold) a birthday party this Sunday.12._you _(work) hard from now on?buywill leavewill finishleaveam doingwill watchwill holdWil

29、l work5、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞：already; yet; just; ever; never; “for +一段時(shí)間”，“since短語(yǔ)或從句”等I have already spent all of my money. We have seen that film before. Exercises !I already (see) the film. I_ (see) it last week.2. he (finish) his work today? Not yet. 3. you (be) to Hong Kong? Yes, I _ (be) there twice.4.My

30、 father just (come) back from work. He is tired now.5. Wheres Li Ming? He (go) to the teachers office.haveseenHasfinishedHavebeenhave beenhascomehas gonesaw6. I (work) here since I (move) here in 1999.7. So far I (make) quite a few friends here.8. How long the Wangs (stay) here ? For two weeks.have

31、workedmovedhave madehavestayedRemember?What have we learned?Lets review again!1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞： every時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（如every day）,on Sunday, at the weekend, often, always, sometimes, usually，沒(méi)標(biāo)志等。如：She does her homework every day. My father usually goes to work by bus.2、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞： yesterday; “in + 過(guò)去年、月份”，last短語(yǔ)；ago

32、短語(yǔ)；just now, once(從前)。如：I went to see a film yesterday. She worked in that factory last year.3、 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞：tomorrow(morning); next 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；soon; “in+一段時(shí)間”；“in + 未來(lái)年、月份”；before longMary will go shopping tomorrow.Jane is going to travel abroad in two days.4、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞：now; these days; look(at); listen(to)

33、等Look! The cat is chasing the mouse.My sister is doing her homework now.5、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞：already; yet; just; ever; never; “for +一段時(shí)間”，“since短語(yǔ)或從句”等I have already spent all of my money. We have seen that film before. Come on! Try again!Exercises 用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1. Tom _ (not listen) to the radio every morning.

34、 2. I _ (come) to see you again before long. 3. _ your uncle _ (have) a meeting last Friday? 4. How many classes _ you _ (have) every day? 5. Its seven in the evening, Toms family _ (watch) TV. 6. Listen! Who _（sing）in the next room? doesnt listenwill comeDidhavedohaveare watchingis singing7. Dont make a noise. Grandma _ （sleep） 8. Sometimes he _