1、2022年中考英語全真考場模擬卷（浙江寧波）解析版試題卷I一、完形填空(本題有15小題，每小題1分，共計(jì)15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握大意，然后從A、B, C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Edward was a high school student with little confidence. His math teacher noticed that Edward always sat in the back of the classroom. She also noticed that Edward had no friends at school and always ate lunch

2、1. The teacher felt it was her duty to 2 him sometime.One day after the final exam, when the students came into the teachers office to get their report cards, the teacher kept 3 Edward in line, but she didnt see him. When she was getting ready to go home,Edward 4 walked in. He looked terrible. He wo

3、re the 5 clothes that he had worn forweeks and his hair was dirty. He looked at the teacher and said, “I know I am getting a low grade. Ive realized ifs a(n)6 that I let all the teachers down. No one can ever love a person like me. Im ahopeless person with no 7 The teacher let him 8 while holding ba

4、ck her tears. Whenhe finished talking, the teacher looked9 into his sad eyes and said, “Edward, your final grade isan A. He was very 10 and said, “You give me an A? Me? The teacher went on saying, “Youmay appear to be a D student, but you are an A person. I 11 you! Never forget your dream! Iwill be

5、12 you.,The teachers words gave Edward 13. From then on, Edwards test scores were 14.Thanks to this great teacher who spoke the right words, Edward kept working hard and now he is aworld-famous doctor. As the saying goes, “The words have the15of life and death.1. A. earlyB. politelyC. straightD. alo

6、ne2. A. encourageB. punishC. interviewD. promise3. A. talking withB. looking forC. finding outD. laughing at4. A. exactlyB. excitedlyC. certainlyD. finally5. A. cleanB. newC. sameD. different6. A. shameB. mysteryC,lessonD. example?. A.experienceB. futureC,decisionD. resolution8. A. compareB. researc

7、hC. continueD. leave9. A. shylyB. directlyC. carefullyD. comfortably10. A. sadB. worriedC , nervousD. surprised11. A. believe inB. give upC. look forward toD. run after12. A. visitingB. preventingC. thankingD. watching13. A. skillsB. knowledgeC. hopeD. honor14. A. checkedB. improvedC. brokenD. hidde

8、n15. A. forceB. energyC. natureD. power【答案】1-5.DABDC 6-10.ABCBD 11-15.ADCBD【解析】本文主要講述了老師鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生愛德華重拾信心的故事。.句意：她還注意到愛德華在學(xué)校沒有朋友，而且總是一個(gè)人吃午飯。early 提早;politely 禮貌地;straight 直率的;alone 獨(dú)自。根據(jù)She also noticed that Edward had no friends atschool”可知，愛德華沒有朋友，所以應(yīng)是獨(dú)自吃午飯。故選D。.句意：老師覺得她有責(zé)任在某個(gè)時(shí)候鼓勵(lì)一下他。encourage 鼓勵(lì)：punish

9、 懲罰；interview 采訪；promise 承諾。根據(jù)Edward was a high school student with little confidence.sat in the back of the classroom. had no friends at school and always ate lunch.”可知， 上文中老師發(fā)現(xiàn)了愛德華的問題，所以空處是指有責(zé)任鼓勵(lì)一下他，故選A。.句意：期末考試后的一天，當(dāng)學(xué)生們走進(jìn)老師辦公室拿成績單時(shí)，老師不停地在隊(duì)伍中尋找愛德 華，但她沒有看到他。talking with 與交談；looking for 尋找；finding o

10、ut 查明；laughing at 嘲笑。根據(jù)“but she didnt seehim”可知，此處指“在隊(duì)伍中尋找愛德華故選B。.句意：當(dāng)她準(zhǔn)備回家時(shí)，愛德華最后走了進(jìn)來。exactly確切地：excitedly興奮地：certainly確定；finally最終。上文講到老師一直在尋找愛德華，但 是一直沒找到，所以此處是指“在老師準(zhǔn)備回家時(shí)，他最后來了故選D。.句意：他穿著己經(jīng)穿了好幾個(gè)星期的相同的衣服，頭發(fā)很臟。clean干凈的；new新的；same相同的;different不同的。根據(jù)“He looked terrible.“可知,他穿著已經(jīng) 穿了好幾個(gè)星期的衣服，衣服沒變，用same。

11、故選C。.句意：我已經(jīng)意識(shí)到讓所有的老師失望是一件羞愧的事。shame 羞愧；mystery 奧秘；lesson 課程；example 例子。根據(jù)“I know I am getting a low grade和I let all the teachers down.”可知，考了低分，讓老師失望是很羞愧的一件事，故選A。.句意：我是一個(gè)沒有前途的人。experience 經(jīng)驗(yàn)；future 未來；decision 決定；resolution 解決方案。根據(jù)Tm a hopeless person”可知， 此處指未來沒有希望，故選B。.句意：老師忍住淚水，讓他繼續(xù)說下去。compare 比較；r

12、esearch 研究；continue 繼續(xù)；leave 離開。根據(jù)while holding back her tears.和When he finished talking”可知，忍住淚水是讓他繼續(xù)。故選C。.句意：當(dāng)他講完時(shí)，老師直接看著他悲傷的眼睛說。shyly 害羞地；directly 直接地；carefully 細(xì)心地；comfortably 舒服地。根據(jù)the teacher looked . into his sad eyes and said”可知，此處指“直視著他的眼睛“，故選B。.句意：他非常驚訝地說。sad 悲傷的；worried 擔(dān)心的；nervous 緊張的；sur

13、prised 驚訝的。根據(jù)“You give me anA? Me?”可知， 愛德華對(duì)自己的“A”感到很驚訝。故選D。.句意：我相信你！believe in 相信；give up 放棄；look forward to 期望；run after 追趕。根據(jù)Never forget your dream! I will be .you”可知，此處是老師對(duì)愛德華的鼓勵(lì)，應(yīng)是“相信你故選A。.句意：我會(huì)一直看著你的。visiting 拜訪；preventing 阻止；thanking 感謝；watching 關(guān)注。根據(jù)Never forget your dream! I will be . you.”

14、可知，此處指老師對(duì)愛德華的鼓勵(lì)，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，此處指“我會(huì)一直關(guān)注你的“，watching最符合 語境。故選D。13.句意：老師的話給了愛德華希望。skills技能；knowledge知識(shí)；hope希望；honor榮譽(yù)。根據(jù)上文“m a hopeless person ”可知，愛德華 覺得自己沒有希望，老師鼓勵(lì)了他，所以應(yīng)是老師的話給了他希望。故選C。I.句意：從那以后，愛德華的考試成績提高了。checked檢查；improved提高：broken弄壞；hidden隱藏。上文講到老師的話語給了愛德華希望，根 據(jù)“Thanks to this great teacher who spoke the

15、right words, Edward kept working hard and now he is a world-famousdocto匚”可知，此處指他的分?jǐn)?shù)提高了。故選B。句意：俗話說：”語言擁有決定著生死的力量?！眆orce 武力;energy 能量；nalure 自然;power 力量。根據(jù)“The words have the. .of life and death”可知, 此處指“話語擁有決定生死的力量”。故選D。二、閱讀理解(本題有15小題，每小題2分，共計(jì)30分)閱讀下面材料，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(A)Why Do Top Athletes

16、Choke Under Pressure?According to classic economic theory, the higher the reward,the better the expected performance. As a result, we could expect the best performance at the most important moments. But why do we so often see the most talented and experienced athletes perform much worse than expecte

17、d in important competitions like the Olympics?Why the Drop in Performance?It is not necessarily true that theres a direct relationship between incentives （激勵(lì)）and achievement.Research has shown that increased motivation （動(dòng)機(jī)）beyond a certain level harms an athletes performance. We call this phenomenon

18、 “choking under pressure”. Greater incentives may lead to higher levels of arousal （興奮）.The relationship between performance and arousal looks like an inverted U shape （彳到 U 形）,meaning that performance is the best at certain levels of arousal and drops with over-arousal.The desire to perform as well

19、 as possible is thought to create performance pressure. Many studies have shown increased pressure has a bad effect on athletes performance in skill-based games. When people overthink or consciously monitor each step, the drop in performance happens.17Beyond the pressure coming from the important co

20、mpetitions, another thing that may add pressure is the level of expectations. An experiment suggested high audience expectations harm performance in a skill-based task. For example, one of the most famous biathletes in history, Martin Fourcade, said it was very emotional for him to compete in his ho

21、me country and also much harder than competing abroad because of greater expectations.We tested this home disadvantage by using data from biathlon （冬季兩項(xiàng)）competitions over 17 years. We have found the most titled athletes miss a lot more shots when competing in their home country compared to when they

22、 compete abroad. The most reasonable explanation likely relates to the level of expectations from the homeland.How to Deal with It?There are several ways to reduce stress, such as a countdown or taking a deep breath before the task. But the base for any solution is to realize that stress affects per

23、formance. Choking under pressure can happen to the best athletes and its not a shame to admit it. The more athletes know about the effect pressure can have on them, the more likely they are to succeed at the highest level.What can we learn from “choking under pressure?The higher the reward, the bett

24、er the expected performance.Better achievement in games results from a drop in pressure.C. Arousal beyond a certain level harms an athletes performance.D. Athletes performance in games has something to do with their training.Which of the following would be the best heading for Paragraph 4 and 5?A. P

25、ressure as a Key to Improving Performance.Pressure as a Push for Becoming Top-level Athletes.High Expectations as a Cause of Choking Under Pressure.High Expectations as an Incentive to Compete in the Home Country.To deal with pressure, the athletes should first.avoid the possible feelings of pressur

26、eshare their worries with friends and coachestry their best to succeed at the highest levelrecognize the effect of stress on performance【答案】16. C 17. C 18. D【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了為什么頂尖運(yùn)動(dòng)員在壓力下會(huì)表現(xiàn)不好。【解析】16.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Research has shown that increased motivation (動(dòng)機(jī))beyond a certain level harms an athletes perfbrma

27、nce.“可知，研究表明，超過一定水平的動(dòng)機(jī)增加會(huì)對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的表現(xiàn)產(chǎn)生不好的影響。 故選C。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)4、5段所闡述的主要是運(yùn)動(dòng)員們?cè)诟哳A(yù)期的情況下在比賽中發(fā)揮失誤的例 子。其實(shí)就是在告訴我們高預(yù)期是造成運(yùn)動(dòng)員很大壓力，發(fā)揮失常的主要原因，故選C。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“But the base for any solution is to realize that stress affects perfbrmance.“可知，解決 問題的關(guān)鍵還是需要意識(shí)到壓力會(huì)影響比賽的發(fā)揮，故選D。(B)“We are running out of space and the only places t

28、o go to are other worlds. Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. I believe that humans need to leave Earth These are the words of the famous scientist Stephen Hawking.Hawking was not alone in this view. Many experts （專家）feel that the only way for humans to last far into th

29、e future is to colonize （殖民）other planets. That way, if an asteroid （小行星）,a terrible disease or some other disasters hit the Earth, we would still have a chance. Mars is one of the best choices. NASA, the private company SpaceX, and other organizations all have plans to send humans there. 44Either w

30、e spread Earth to other planets, or we go out of the earth,“ SpaceX founder Elon Musk said.But not everyone agrees that colonizing Mars or any other planet is such a great plan. The most common disagreement about going is that its just too expensive or dangerous. It will take a great deal of money a

31、nd other resources just to get people there, let alone set up a place fbr them to live. Its not even clear if humans could survive on Mars.Maybe all the time and money people would pour into a Mars task would be better spent on more important projects here on Earth, like solving the problems in poor

32、 areas or changes in the worlds weather. Some experts disagree that working out a problem like an asteroid crash or disease outbreak while staying here on Earth would be much easier and less expensive than surviving on a new planet. Whats more, moving to a new planet could harm or destroy （破壞）anythi

33、ng that already lives there. Mars seems unsuitable for humans to live on, but it could possibly host some life. Human visitors may destroy this life or change the environment on Mars forever.What do you think? Should humans colonize outer space or stay at home? 19. In writing Paragraph 1, the writer

34、 wants to.A.provide an explanationB.make a comparisonC.reach a conclusionD.introduce a discussionIn Paragraph 2, many experts recommend colonizing Mars in order to.A.protect humans from dying outB.make Hawkings dream cometrueC. find more space for humans to live inD. encourage organizations to make

35、choicesC. find more space for humans to live inD. encourage organizations to make choicesWhats the authors attitude （態(tài)度）towards colonizing Mars?He feels confident about colonizing other planets.He feels surprised at colonizing other planets.He disagrees to colonize other planets.He supports the idea

36、 of colonizing other planets.Whats the best title of the passage?A. Mars, Our Future Planet.B. Moving to a New Planet.C. Should We Colonize Mars?D. Is moving to Mars the only choice?【答案】19. D 20. A 21. C 22. C【導(dǎo)語】本文主要討論了人類應(yīng)該呆在地球還是殖民其他星球?！窘馕觥客评砼袛囝}。根據(jù)第一段“Spreading out may be the only thing that saves

37、us from ourselves. I believed that humans need to leave Earth”Kf知，文章開頭通過 Stephen Hawking 的話引出話題。故選 D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“That way, if an asteroid, a terrible disease, or some other disaster strikes Earth, we would still have a chance.“可知，殖民火星是為了保護(hù)人類，以免人類滅絕。故選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“while staying here on Earth would b

38、e much easier and less expensive than surviving on a new planet.及“moving to a new planet could harm or destroy anything that already livesthere.”可知，作者不同意移民其他星球這個(gè)問題。故選C。最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)最后一段“Should humans colonize outer space or stay at home?結(jié)合全文可知主題 為“是否移民到火星故選C。（C）In July, 2021, China introduced the double

39、reduction（雙減）“policy. It hopes to reduce schoolwork burden （負(fù)擔(dān)）on primary and junior high school students. The policy calls for reducing homework and after-school classes. According to the policy, children below the third grade will not have homework anymore. It should take no more than 90 minutes f

40、or junior high school students to finish their homework. After-school training institutions （校夕卜培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)）are not allowed to offer extra education courses or advanced （超前的）teaching on weekends, holidays or during winter and summer vacations. One month has passed since the new semester began. How do stude

41、nts feel about this new policy?“Our homework is clearly less than before/, said 13-year-old Shen Yuzhe from Beijing. We are not encouraged to buy workbooks anymore. The exercises are mainly from the textbook/According to Shen, students have enough time to process new knowledge now. Our teachers are

42、also giving us more chances to do experiments and learn from real said Shen. For example, we went to research earthworms （蚯 蚓）in a field during a biology class. This is a much better way to learn things than just hitting the books.”For 13-year-old Zhang Hangming from Tianjin, the best thing about “d

43、ouble reduction“ is the increased time in after-school activities. 44Wc can now spend more time taking part in clubs and activities, such as dancing, volleyball and drama. I have joined a group called leadership dcvelopment, where I can learn all kinds of skills beyond schoolwork,M said Zhang.Both S

44、hen and Zhang find there are fewer exams now. But they think its not necessarily a good thing. “Exams push me to study harder. Each exam shows my progress as well as my weak points,Zhang said.Shen also pointed out that when burden is lightened, self-discipline （自律）becomes the key. Some students now

45、spend more time having fun when homework is finished early. But if you use all the free time to relax, you might fall behind other students,he said.The “double reduction （雙減）“policy aims to.A , make vacations longer for studentsB. reduce the pressure put on teachersC. reduce students schoolwork burd

46、enD. help students become more competitiveWhich of the following is TRUE about the policy?Homework is not allowed for primary students.Junior high schools should reduce their homework.All after-school training institutions are asked to close.After-school training institutions should offer advanced t

47、eaching.Which of the following is NOT true about Shen Yuzhe and Zhang Hangming?They have less homework and fewer exams now.They can spend more time in after-school activities.C. They think the best thing is to have fewer exams now.D. They have more chances to learn knowledge from real life.What do S

48、hen and Zhang mainly want to tell us in the last two paragraphs?Students should learn to be self-discipline.Students should use all the free time to relax.Exams arent necessary because they only show students weak points.Students should spend more time having fun after finishing homework.【短文分析】 本文是一

49、篇說明文。主要說明“雙減政策”帶來的變化以及兩名學(xué)生對(duì)這項(xiàng)政策的看法。C解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“It hopes to reduce schoolwork burden （負(fù)擔(dān)）on primary and junior high school students.可知，雙減政策”旨在減輕中小學(xué)生的課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)。故選C。B解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Il should lake no more than 90 minutes for junior high school students to finish their homework J可知，初中生完成家庭作業(yè)的時(shí)間不能超過90分鐘，因此根據(jù)雙減政策

50、，中學(xué)生作 業(yè)應(yīng)該減少是對(duì)的。故選B。C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Both Shen and Zhang find there are fewer exams now. But they think its not necessarily a good thing.”可知，這兩名學(xué)生都認(rèn)為考試的減少未必是件好事，因此他們認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在最好 的事情是少考試是錯(cuò)誤的。故選C。A【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Both Shen and Zhang find there are fewer exams now. But they think its not necessarily a good thing.和S

51、hen also pointed out that when burden is lightened, self-discipline （自 律） becomes the key.”可知，這兩段主要是說他們認(rèn)為考試的減少并不完全是好事，并指出，當(dāng)負(fù)擔(dān)減輕 時(shí)，自律就成了關(guān)鍵。故選A。（D）Bats are the only mammals （哺乳動(dòng)物）that can truly fly. They play a very important role in ecosystems （生態(tài)系統(tǒng)）around the world. They help kill pests for farmers.

52、 They also help ensure that rainforests stay healthy. Bats face many dangers though. This means ecosystems across the globe are endangered too.There are more than 1,000 groups of bats. The most of bats are insectivores. This means that insects make up most of their diet. There are also bats that are

53、 nectar-eaters and fruit-eaters. A small number of bat groups are blood-eaters.Nectar-eating bats and fruit-eating bats play an important role in desert and tropical （熱帶的） ecosystems. They are considered a “keystone group. This means they help ensure a rich diversity （多樣性） of plant life and food for

54、 other animals. Nectar-eating bats help pollinate （授粉）plants in these environments. Fruit-eating bats help spread seeds in their rainforest environment. They also help restore （修 復(fù)）rainforests that have been cut down by spreading seeds over large areas. Bats are sometimes called the “farmers of the

55、tropics.Bats that are insectivores help farmers around the world with pest control. They eat insects that can damageagricultural crops （農(nóng)作物）.One pest that bats like to eat is called the com earworm moth. This type ofmoth causes about $ 1 billion a year in cropBats can eat large amounts of insects at

56、 night. For example, the famous bat group that lives in Austin, Texas eats between 10,000 and 20,000 pounds of insects each night. The Austin bat group is made up of 1.5 million Mexican free-tailed bats. They rest under the Congress Avenue Bridge in downtown Austin during the summer months. The numb

57、er of the bats is so large in North America that many tourists come to watch them leave their resting place in the evening.Resting place loss is the biggest threat facing bats worldwide. Bats in North America are also in danger because of white-nose syndrome. This disease affects bats while they are

58、 living during the winter. White-nose syndrome is a deadly wildlife disease. Millions of bats in North America have died from the disease since it was first recognized exactly in 2006.Bats around the world are facing many other threats unknown by us yet.Large numbers of bat groups ar in danger of di

59、sappearing forever. Scientists believe that almost 80 groups of bats are endangered. They also believe that over 900 groups of bats will become endangered. Conservation organizations are working hard to save bats around the world. Although some people fear bats, they are an important part of the nat

60、ural world. Protecting bats helps protect the environment.Why are ecosystems across the globe endangered according to the passage?Living things in ecosystems do not work properly around the world.Too many pests that some bats catch fbr food have been killed in the past.C. Bats that play a very impor