1、【經典資料，文檔，可編寫改正】【經典考試資料，答案附后，看后必過，文檔，可改正】1ThebeginningofAmericanliteratureAmericanhasalwaysbeenalandofbeginnings.AfterEuropeans“discovered”Americainthefifteenthcentury,themysteriousNewWorldbecameformanypeopleagenuinehopeofanewlife,anescapefrompovertyandpersecution,achancetostartagain.Wecansaythat,asn

2、ation,Americabeginswiththathope.When,however,doesAmericanliteraturebegin?AmericanliteraturebeginswithAmericanexperiences.Longbeforethefirstcolonistsarrived,beforeChristopherColumbus,beforetheNorthmenwhofoundAmericaaboutyear1,000,NativeAmericanslivedhere.Eachtribesliteraturewastightlywovenintothefabr

3、icofdailylifeandreflectedtheunmistakablyAmericanexperienceofliningwiththeland.Anotherkindofexperience,onefilledwithfearandexcitement,founditsexpressioninthereportsthatColumbusandotherexplorerssenthomeinSpain,FrenchandEnglish.Inaddition,thejournalsofthepeoplewholivedanddiedintheNewEnglandwildernesste

4、llunforgettabletalesofhardendsometimesheartbreakingexperiencesofthoseearlyyears.Experience,then,isthekeytoearlyAmericanliterature.TheNewWorldprovidedagreatvarietyofexperiences,andexperiencesdemandedawidevarietyofexpressionsbyanevenwidervarietyofearlyAmericanwriters.ThesewritersincludedJohnSmith,whos

5、pentonlytwo-and-a-halfyear:ontheAmerican,continent.TheyincludedJonathanEdwardsandWilliamByrd，whothoughtofthemselvesasBritishsubjects,neversuspectingarevolutionthatwouldcreateaUnitedStatesofAmericawithaliteratureofitsown.AmericanIndians,explorers,Puritanministers,frontierwives,plantationowner一theyare

6、allthecreatorsofthefirstAmericanliterature.練習：Whatdoes“thathope”inthefirstparagraphreferto?A)ThehopethatAmericawouldbediscovered.B)Thehopetostartalife.C)ThehopetoseethemysteriesoftheNewWorld.D)Thehopetofindpovertyhere.2.WhendidAmericanliteraturebegin?BeforetheAmericannativeslivedthere.WhenColumbusan

7、dotherexplorersgentreportsbackhome.WhentireNorthmenfoundAmericainabout1,000.Longbeforetheyear1,000.WhatcanwelearnfromtheliteratureofthetribesofthenativeAmericans?A)AbouttheeverydayfifeofthenativeAmericans.B)AboutthearrivalofColumbusC)AbouttheexperienceofthefirstEuropeansettlersD)Abouttheexperienceof

8、thosewhodiedintheNewEnglandwilderness.ThemainpurposeofthelastparagraphistotellthereadersthatintheearlydaysmostAmericanwriterswerefromGreatBritain.peoplewithrichlifeexperiencebecamewriters.thereweremanywritersintheearlydaysofAmericanhistoryearly-dayexperienceprovidedthefoundationforAmericanliterature

9、.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutAmericaliterature?A)SomeBritishwritersstartedAmericanliterature.，Early-dayAmericanliteratureisareflectionoftheboringlifethen.SomeBritishwritershaddoubtsaboutthefutureofAmericanliterature.SomeBritishwritershadgreatconfidenceinthefut

10、ureofAmericanliterature.1.B.分析：第一找到“thathope在”文章中的地點：(第一段)Americanhasalwaysbeenalandofbeginnings.After(在.今后)Europeans“discovered發(fā)”(現(xiàn))Americainthefifteenthcentury(世紀),themysterious(奇異的)NewWorldbecameformanypeopleagenuine(真實的，誠摯的)hopeofanewlife,anescapefrom(閃避)povertyandpersecution(損害),achance(機遇)tost

11、art(開始)again(再次).Wecansaythat,asnation,Americabeginswiththathope.When,however,doesAmericanliteraturebegin?“thathope就”是指前一句中的agenuinehopeofanewlife/開始再生活的誠摯希望。2.D.利用問題句及被選項中的特色詞，細節(jié)信息詞/構造(字體加粗，帶有下劃線)作為答案線索，在文章中查找答案有關句：提示1：假如詞匯掌握不夠好，能夠考慮利用句子開頭部分的主語的主動詞今后的構造)，介詞后帶出的非ing形式的賓語構造，用的反應細節(jié)信息的詞語/構造。(位于陳說句中謂語動詞

12、從前，疑問句中定冠詞/不定冠詞后的構造作為可考慮利提示2：線索詞集中出現(xiàn)的句子很可能就是真實的答案有關句。Americanhasalwaysbeenalandofbeginnings.(第一題答案有關句)AfterEuropeans“discovered”Americainthefifteenthcentury,themysteriousNewWorldbecameformanypeopleagenuinehopeofanewlife,anescapefrompovertyandpersecution,achancetostartagain.Wecansaythat,asnation,Amer

13、icabeginswiththathope.When,however,doesAmericanliteraturebegin?Americanliteraturebeginswith(以.開始)Americanexperiences(經歷).Longbefore(早在.從前)thefirstcolonists(殖民者)arrived,beforeChristopherColumbus,beforetheNorthmanwhofoundAmericaaboutyear1,000,NativeAmericanslivedhere.Eachtribesliteraturewastightlywove

14、nintothefabricofdailylifeandreflectedtheunmistakablyAmericanexperienceofliningwiththeland.Anotherkindofexperience,onefilledwithfearandexcitement,founditsexpressioninthereportsthatColumbusandotherexplorerssenthomeinSpain,FrenchandEnglish.Inaddition,thejournalsofthepeoplewholivedanddiedintheNewEngland

15、wildernesstellunforgettabletalesofhardendsometimesheartbreakingexperiencesofthoseearlyyears.從第2段第2句可知：很早從前，當?shù)孛绹司途幼≡谶@里。既然前一句說“美國文學產生于美國人的生活經歷”，由此可知美國文學產生于很早從前就居住這里的當?shù)孛绹说纳罱洑v，比較被選項判斷只有D合適。3.A.利用問題句及被選項中的特色詞，細節(jié)信息詞/構造(字體加粗，帶有下劃線)作為答案線索，在文章中查找答案有關句：(第2題答案有關句)AmericanliteraturebeginswithAmericanexperien

16、ces.Longbeforethefirstcolonistsarrived,beforeChristopherColumbus,beforetheNorthmanwhofoundAmericaaboutyear1,000,NativeAmericanslivedhere.Eachtribesliteraturewastightly(親密地)woven(編織，編寫)intothefabric(構，構架，織物)ofdaily(每日的，平常的)lifeandreflected(反應，反射)theunmistakably(理解地)Americanexperienceofliningwith(給.加襯

17、)theland(土地，陸地).Anotherkindofexperience,onefilledwithfearandexcitement,founditsexpressioninthereportsthatColumbusandotherexplorerssenthomeinSpain,FrenchandEnglish.Inaddition,thejournalsofthepeoplewholivedanddiedintheNewEnglandwildernesstellunforgettabletalesofhardendsometimesheartbreakingexperiences

18、ofthoseearlyyears.結依照答案有關句(第2段第3句)可知“從美洲土著部落的文學中，我們能夠找到他們平常生活的寫照”。4.D.要旨題。關注指定段落能否有段落主題詞及段落主題句。(看法句)Experience,then,isthekey(要點)toearly(早期的)Americanliterature.TheNewWorldprovidedagreatvarietyofexperiences,andexperiencesdemandedawidevarietyofexpressionsbyanevenwidervarietyofearlyAmericanwriters.These

19、writersincludedJohnSmith,whospentonlytwo-and-a-halfyear:ontheAmerican,continent.TheyincludedJonathanEdwardsandWilliamByrd，whothoughtofthemselvesasBritishsubjects,neversuspectingarevolutionthatwouldcreateaUnitedStatesofAmericawithaliteratureofitsown.AmericanIndians,explorers,Puritanministers,frontier

20、wives,plantationownerareallthecreatorsofthefirstAmericanliterature.一they依照段首句句意判斷D是答案。提示3：假如段首句是“看法句，歸納句，定義句，聲威人士的講話”，則這樣的段首句常常就是其所在段落的主題句。5.D.利用被選項中的共有詞Britishwriters，Americanliterature作為答案線索，在第4段中查找答案有關句：(第4段)(第4題答案有關句)Experience,then,isthekeytoearlyAmericanliterature.TheNewWorldprovidedagreatvari

21、etyofexperiences,andexperiencesdemandedawidevarietyofexpressionsbyanevenwidervarietyofearlyAmericanwriters.ThesewritersincludedJohnSmith,whospentonlytwo-and-a-halfyear:ontheAmerican,continent.TheyincludedJonathanEdwardsandWilliamByrd，whothoughtofthemselvesas(把.看作為.)Britishsubjects(公民，題目，主題，學科),never

22、suspecting(思疑)arevolution(革命)thatwouldcreate(創(chuàng)辦)aUnitedStatesofAmericawithaliteratureofitsown(自己的).AmericanIndians,explorers,Puritanministers,frontierwives,plantationowner一theyareallthecreatorsofthefirstAmericanliterature.依照答案有關句(第4段倒數(shù)第2句)可知英國作家對美國文學的未來充滿信心。2FindYourselfPackingItOn?BlameFriendsObesi

23、tycanspreadfrompersontoperson,muchlikeavirus,researchersarereportingtoday.Whenonepersongainsweight,closefriendstendtogainweight,too.Theirstudy,publishedinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine,involvedadetailedanalysisofalargesocialnetworkof12,067peoplewhohadbeencloselyfollowedfor32years,from1971to2003.Thei

24、nvestigatorsknewwhowasfriendswithwhomaswellaswhowasaspouseorsiblingorneighbor,andtheyknewhowmucheachpersonweighedatvarioustimesoverthreedecades.Thatletthemreconstructwhathappenedovertheyearsasindividualsbecameobese.Didtheirfriendsalsobecomeobese?Didfamilymembers?Orneighbors?Theanswer,theresearchersr

25、eport,wasthatpeopleweremostlikelytobecomeobesewhenafriendbecameobese.Thatincreasedapersonschancesorbecomingobeseby57percent.Therewasnoeffectwhenaneighborgainedorlostweight，however,andfamilymembershadlessinfluencethanfriends.Itdidnotevenmatterifthefriendwashundredsofmilesaway,theinfluenceremained.And

26、thegreatestinfluenceofallwasbetweenclosemutualfriends.There,ifonebecameobese,theotherhada171percentincreasedchanceofbecomingobese,too.Thesameeffectseemedtooccurforweightloss,theinvestigatorssay.Butsincemostpeopleweregaining,notlosing,overthe32years,theresultwas,onaverage,thatpeoplegrewfatter.Dr.Nich

27、olasA.Christakis,aphysicianandprofessorofmedicalsociologyatHarvardMedicalSchoolandaprincipalinvestigatorinthenewstudy,saidoneexplanationwasthatfriendsaffectedeachothersoffatness.Whenaclosefriendbecomesobese,obesitymaynotlooksobad.“Youchangeyourideaofwhatisanacceptablebodytypebylookingatthepeoplearou

28、ndyou,Christakissaid.”Dr.TheinvestigatorssaytheirfindingscanhelpexplainwhyAmericanshavebecomefatterinrecentyearseachpersonwhobecameobesewaslikelytodragalongsomefriends!Theiranalysiswasunique,Dr.Christakissaid,becauseitmovedbeyondasimpleanalysisofonepersonandhisorhersocialcontactsandinsteadexaminedan

29、entiresocialnetworkatonce,lookingathowapersonsfriendsfriends,orinfluenceonapersonsweightoraspousessiblingsfriends,couldhaveaninfluenceonapersonsweight.Theeffects,hesaid,“highlighttheimportanceofcontagion,thatspreadsthroughthenetwork.”O(jiān)fcourse,theinvestigatorssay,socialnetworksarenottheonlyfactorstha

30、taffectbodyweight.Thereisastronggeneticcomponentatwork,too.Sciencehasshownthatindividualshavegeneticallydeterminedrangesofweights,spanningperhaps30orsopoundsforeachperson.Butthatleavesalargerolefortheenvironmentindeterminingwhetherapersonsweightisnearthetopofhisorherrangeornearthebottom.Aspeoplehave

31、gottenfatter,itappearsthatmanyareedgingtowardthetopoftheirranges.Thequestionhasbeenwhy.Ifthenewresearchiscorrect,itmaysaythatsomethingintheenvironmentseededwhatsomecallanobesityepidemic,makingafewpeoplegainweight.Thensocialnetworkslettheobesityspreadrapidly.詞匯：obesityn.肥胖，肥大spousen.配偶(指夫或妻)virusn.病毒

32、siblingn.兄弟，姐妹epidemicadj.流行的，傳染的，流行性的練習：Whohadthegreatestinfluenceonpeoplewhobecameobese?A.theirfriendsB.theirneighborsC.theirfamilymembersD.theircolleaguesWhichofthefollowingstatementaboutafriendsinfluenceisfalseaccordingtothereport?A.Friendshadmoreinfluencethanfamilymembersonpeoplewhobecameobese.

33、B.Evenifthefriendlivesfaraway,theinfluencestillremainedC.Peoplewerenotlikelytoloseweightwhentheyhaveskinnyfriends.D.Thegreatestinfluenceofallwasbetweenclosemutualfriends.AccordingtoDr.NicholasA.Christakis,whatistheexplanationforfriendsbeingthegreatestinfluence?A.Friendsusuallyspendalotoftimetogether

34、.B.Friendssharesimilareatinghabits.C.Friendsaremoreimportantthanfamilymembers.D.FriendsaffectedeachothersfeelingsoffatnessWhichfactorofbecomingobeseisnotmentionedinthisreport?A.socialcontactB.geneticinformationC.lifestyleD.environmentalinfluenceInwhatwayisobesitycontagiousandepidemic?A.socialnetwork

35、slettheobesityspreadrapidlyB.individualshavegeneticallydeterminedragesofweights.C.ObesitycaneasilyspreadfromonetoanotherwithinanyphysicalcontactD.Obesitycanspreadrapidlyandextensivelybyinfectionandaffectingmanyindividualsinanareaorapopulationatthesametime.答案與分析：1.分析文章標題：(Doyou)Find(發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到)YourselfPac

36、kingItOn?Blame(責怪)Friends(朋友)Obesitycanspreadfrompersontoperson,muchlikeavirus,researchersarereportingtoday.Whenonepersongainsweight,closefriendstendtogainweight,too.Theirstudy,publishedinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine,involvedadetailedanalysisofalargesocialnetworkof12,067peoplewhohadbeencloselyfoll

37、owedfor32years,from1971to2003.Theinvestigatorsknewwhowasfriendswithwhomaswellaswhowasaspouseorsiblingorneighbor,andtheyknewhowmucheachpersonweighedatvarioustimesoverthreedecades.Thatletthemreconstructwhathappenedovertheyearsasindividualsbecameobese.Didtheirfriendsalsobecomeobese?Didfamilymembers?Orn

38、eighbors?Theanswer,theresearchersreport,wasthatpeopleweremostlikelytobecomeobesewhenafriendbecameobese.Thatincreasedapersonschancesofbecomingobeseby57percent.Therewasnoeffectwhenaneighborgainedorlostweight，however,andfamilymembershadlessinfluencethanfriends.Itdidnotevenmatterifthefriendwashundredsof

39、milesaway,theinfluenceremained.Andthegreatestinfluenceofallwasbetweenclosemutualfriends.There,ifonebecameobese,theotherhada171percentincreasedchanceofbecomingobese,too.Thesameeffectseemedtooccurforweightloss,theinvestigatorssay.Butsincemostpeopleweregaining,notlosing,overthe32years,theresultwas,onav

40、erage,thatpeoplegrewfatter.Dr.NicholasA.Christakis,aphysicianandprofessorofmedicalsociologyatHarvardMedicalSchoolandaprincipalinvestigatorinthenewstudy,saidoneexplanationwasthatfriendsaffectedeachotherspoffatness.Whenaclosefriendbecomesobese,obesitymaynotlooksobad.“Youchangeyourideaofwhatisanaccepta

41、blebodytypebylookingatthepeoplearoundyou,”Dr.Christakissaid.TheinvestigatorssaytheirfindingscanhelpexplainwhyAmericanshavebecomefatterinrecentyearseachpersonwhobecameobesewaslikelytodragalongsomefriends!Theiranalysiswasunique,Dr.Christakissaid,becauseitmovedbeyondasimpleanalysisofonepersonandhisorhe

42、rsocialcontactsandinsteadexaminedanentiresocialnetworkatonce,lookingathowapersonsfriendsfriends,orinfluenceonapersonsweightoraspousessiblingsfriends,couldhaveaninfluenceonapersonsweight.Theeffects,hesaid,“highlighttheimportanceofcontagion,thatspreadsthroughthenetwork.”O(jiān)fcourse,theinvestigatorssay,so

43、cialnetworksarenottheonlyfactorsthataffectbodyweight.Thereisastronggeneticcomponentatwork,too.Sciencehasshownthatindividualshavegeneticallydeterminedrangesofweights,spanningperhaps30orsopoundsforeachperson.Butthatleavesalargerolefortheenvironmentindeterminingwhetherapersonsweightisnearthetopofhisorh

44、errangeornearthebottom.Aspeoplehavegottenfatter,itappearsthatmanyareedgingtowardthetopoftheirranges.Thequestionhasbeenwhy.Ifthenewresearchiscorrect,itmaysaythatsomethingintheenvironmentseededwhatsomecallanobesityepidemic,makingafewpeoplegainweight.Thensocialnetworkslettheobesityspreadrapidly.分析：“pac

45、kiton的”含義為“變得肥胖”，因此文章主題內容為“假如你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己變胖了，你應當責怪你的朋友們”。2.直接解題：1.Whohadthegreatest(最大的，/偉大的，特其余)influenceon(有對.的影響)peoplewhobecameobese?A.theirfriendsB.theirneighbors(鄰居)C.theirfamily(家庭，家庭的)members(成員)D.theircolleagues(同事)1.A.該題可依照文章主題(文章標題內容)“假如你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己變胖了，你應當責怪你的朋友們”直接判斷答案。也能夠依照文章中的有關內容判斷答案：利用備選項中的細節(jié)信息詞(A

46、：friends;B:neighbors;C:familymembers;D:colleagues)共同作為答案線索，在文章中查找答案有關句：Obesitycanspreadfrompersontoperson,muchlikeavirus,researchersarereportingtoday.Whenonepersongainsweight,closefriendstendtogainweight,too.Theirstudy,publishedinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine,involvedadetailedanalysisofalargesocial

47、networkof12,067peoplewhohadbeencloselyfollowedfor32years,from1971to2003.Theinvestigatorsknewwhowasfriendswithwhomaswellaswhowasaspouseorsiblingorneighbor,andtheyknewhowmucheachpersonweighedatvarioustimesoverthreedecades.Thatletthemreconstructwhathappenedovertheyearsasindividualsbecameobese.Didtheirf

48、riendsalsobecomeobese?Didfamilymembers?Orneighbors?(第一題答案有關句)(第4段)Theanswer(答案),theresearchers(研究者)report(報告),wasthatpeopleweremostlikelyto(很可能.)becomeobese(肥胖的)whenafriend(朋友)becameobese.Thatincreased(增加)apersonschancesof的(.機遇/可能性)becomingobeseby(了)57percent(百分之).Therewasnoeffect(influence的近義詞)(影響，

49、實現(xiàn)andfamilymembershadless(較少的，)whenaneighborgainedorlostweight(增肥或減肥不太，不(如)influence(影響)thanfriends.)，however(但是),答案有關句(第四段)說“提到研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)，當周圍朋友發(fā)福時，人最簡單發(fā)胖.而鄰居則不會對人產生影響，甚至家庭成員的影響也不如朋友大。而對于同事的內容，文章中并沒有提到。2.Whichofthefollowing(以下哪個)statement(陳說，聲明)aboutafriendsinfluence(影響)isfalse(錯誤的，假的，人工的)accordingto(依照)

50、thereport(報告)?A.Friendshadmoreinfluence(影響)than(比)familymembers(家庭成員)onpeoplewhobecameobese.B.Evenif(即使)thefriendlivesfaraway(遙遠),theinfluencestill(仍舊，更)remained(連續(xù)，留下)C.Peoplewerenotlikelyto(可能.)loseweight(減肥)whentheyhaveskinny(皮包骨的)friends.D.Thegreatestinfluenceofall(全部)wasbetweenclose(近的,親密的,親密的)

51、mutual(共有的，互相的)friends.2.C.能夠借助文章主題或接著解答上一題所獲得的有關信息直接判斷C錯誤。也能夠借助文章中的有關內容判斷答案：Obesitycanspreadfrompersontoperson,muchlikeavirus,researchersarereportingtoday.Whenonepersongainsweight,closefriendstendtogainweight,too.Theirstudy,publishedinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine,involvedadetailedanalysisofalarge

52、socialnetworkof12,067peoplewhohadbeencloselyfollowedfor32years,from1971to2003.Theinvestigatorsknewwhowasfriendswithwhomaswellaswhowasaspouseorsiblingorneighbor,andtheyknewhowmucheachpersonweighedatvarioustimesoverthreedecades.Thatletthemreconstructwhathappenedovertheyearsasindividualsbecameobese.Did

53、theirfriendsalsobecomeobese?Didfamilymembers?Orneighbors?(第一題答案有關句)Theanswer,theresearchersreport,wasthatpeopleweremostlikelytobecomeobesewhenafriendbecameobese.Thatincreasedapersonschancesorbecomingobeseby57percent.Therewasnoeffectwhenaneighborgainedorlostweight，however,andfamilymembershadlessinflu

54、encethanfriends.(第二題答案有關句)Itdidnoteven(甚至)matter(有關系。事情，物質)if(能否，假如)thefriendwashundredsofmilesaway(在遠處，到遠處),theinfluenceremained(連續(xù)).(與選項B內容一致)Andthegreatestinfluenceofallwasbetweenclose(親密的)mutual(互相的)friends(與選項D內容一致).There,ifonebecameobese,theotherhada171percentincreasedchanceofbecomingobese,too

55、.A選項說的是“朋友產生的影響大于庭成員”，該選項內容與第一題答案有關句內容一致是正確的，因為第五段第一句話提到，即使朋友遠在千里之外，這種影響仍舊存在：第五段第二句特合D選項的愈思：那些關系親密的朋友產生的影響最大。因此只有C不正確。;B選項也3.Accordingto(依照)Dr.(博士，醫(yī)生)NicholasA.Christakis,whatistheexplanationfor(對.的解釋)friendsbeingthegreatestinfluence?A.Friendsusually(平常)spend(開銷(時間/金錢)alotof(好多的)timetogether(一同，共同).

56、B.Friendsshare(分享，共有)similar(相像的)eatinghabits(飲食習慣).C.Friendsaremoreimportant(更重要的)thanfamilymembers.D.Friendsaffected(影響)eachothers(互相)feelings(感覺，知覺)offatness(肥胖)3.D.利用問題句中的特色詞(NicholasA.Christakis)作為答案線索，同時利用備選項B中的典型細節(jié)信息構造(eatinghabits)作為答案線索，在文章中查找答案有關句：Obesitycanspreadfrompersontoperson,muchlik

57、eavirus,researchersarereportingtoday.Whenonepersongainsweight,closefriendstendtogainweight,too.Theirstudy,publishedinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine,involvedadetailedanalysisofalargesocialnetworkof12,067peoplewhohadbeencloselyfollowedfor32years,from1971to2003.Theinvestigatorsknewwhowasfriendswithwhom

58、aswellaswhowasaspouseorsiblingorneighbor,andtheyknewhowmucheachpersonweighedatvarioustimesoverthreedecades.Thatletthemreconstructwhathappenedovertheyearsasindividualsbecameobese.Didtheirfriendsalsobecomeobese?Didfamilymembers?Orneighbors?Theanswer,theresearchersreport,wasthatpeopleweremostlikelytobe

59、comeobesewhenafriendbecameobese.Thatincreasedapersonschancesorbecomingobeseby57percent.Therewasnoeffectwhenaneighborgainedorlostweight，however,andfamilymembershadlessinfluencethanfriends.(第2題答案有關句)(第5段)Itdidnotevenmatterifthefriendwashundredsofmilesaway,theinfluenceremained.Andthegreatestinfluenceof

60、allwasbetweenclosemutualfriends.There,ifonebecameobese,theotherhada171percentincreasedchanceofbecomingobese,too.(第6段)Thesameeffectseemedtooccurforweightloss,theinvestigatorssay.Butsincemostpeopleweregaining,notlosing,overthe32years,theresultwas,onaverage,thatpeoplegrewfatter.(第7段)Dr.NicholasA.Christ