住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-湘潭大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.翻譯題

Likewaistlinesinmanyprosperouscountries,cellphonesaregoingXXLandsomeoftheirownersarestrugglingtotuckthemin.

JeremyRoche,47yearsold,ownsaSamsungGalaxyNoteIIphonethatisabout75%largerthantheoriginalAppleInc.iPhone,androughlythesizeandheftofanextra-largeHershey’schocolatebar,withaboutaninchnibbledofftheend.It“didfeelweird”atfirsttoholdhisbigphonetohisheadforcalls,hesays,butnowheloveshisamplescreen.

Afteryearsofevolutionfrombrick-sizemonstrositiesintoslimpocketdevices,cellphonesaregoinginreverse.SouthKorea'sSamsungElectronicsCo.iscredited—orblamed一withbringingbigphonesbackintothemainstreamwithdevicesliketheoriginal5.3-inchNote,introducedoutsidetheU.S.inlate2011.

Sometechreviewersatthetimederidedthebigphoneas“silly”，and“aphonedesignedforgiants.”Butsalesboomed,andothermakershavefollowedwithstill-bigger“phablets”,astechiesarcbeginningtocallthem—acrossbetweenaphoneandatablet.

FaresFayad,a39-year-oldconsultantinDubai,saysheusedtothinka3.5-inchcellphonescreenwasjustright,untilhetriedtheiPhone5,whichhasa4-inchscreen.“Idon’tbelieveIcangobacktotheslightlysmallerscreen,”Mr.Fayadsays,

Someergonomicsexpertsworrylamephonescouldposeaninjuryrisk.“Asthestretchtoreachallareasofthescreenincreases,wemightstarttoseemoreseriousrepetitivestressinjurieslikelytothethumbsinlargertouch-screendevices”,saysAnthonyAndre,aprofessorofhumanfactorsandergonomicsatSanJoseStateUniversity.

【答案】就像許多富裕國家居民的腰圍一樣，如今手機(jī)的尺寸也在逐漸增大，一些手機(jī)用戶在費(fèi)盡心思想把它們?nèi)M(jìn)自己的兜里。

在經(jīng)歷了多年來從磚頭般的龐然大物向小巧口袋設(shè)備的演變后，如今手機(jī)又踏上了回頭路。

有的科技評(píng)論家當(dāng)時(shí)曾譏諷這款巨型手機(jī)“傻傻的”、“專為巨人設(shè)計(jì)”。

但巨型手機(jī)的銷量卻實(shí)現(xiàn)了激增，其他手機(jī)生產(chǎn)商也紛紛跟風(fēng)推出了越來越大的、科技專家開始稱之為“平板手機(jī)”的產(chǎn)品手機(jī)和平板電腦的跨界組合。

人類工程學(xué)的一些專家擔(dān)心巨型手機(jī)可能會(huì)帶來損傷的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。由于觸控全屏需增加拉伸的幅度，我們可能會(huì)開始看到越來越多由大型觸屏電子設(shè)備引發(fā)的嚴(yán)重累積性-創(chuàng)傷失調(diào)，例如對(duì)拇指的損害。

2.單選題

Foryears,studieshavefoundthatfirst-generationcollegestudents-thosewhodonothaveaparentwithacollegedegree-lagotherstudentsonarangeofeducationachievementfactors.Theirgradesarelowerandtheirdropoutratesarehigher.Butsincesuchstudentsaremostlikelytoadvanceeconomicallyiftheysucceedinhighereducation,collegesanduniversitieshavepushedfordecadestorecruitloreofthem.Thishascreated’’aparadox"inthatrecruitingfirst-generationstudents,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighereducationhas"continuedtoreproduceandwiden,ratherthanclose”achievementgapbasedonsocialclass,accordingtothedepressingbeginningofapaperforthcominginthejournalPsychologicalScience.

Butthearticleisactuallyquiteoptimistic,asitoutlinesapotentialsolutiontothisproblem,suggestingthatanapproach(whichinvolvesaone-hour,next-to-no-costprogram)canclose63percentoftheachievementgap(measuredbysuchfactorsasgrades)betweenfirst-generationandotherstudents.

Theauthorsofthepaperarefromdifferentuniversities,andtheirfindingsarebasedonastudyinvolving147students(whocompletedtheproject)atanunnamedprivateuniversity.Firstgenerationwasdefinedasnothavingaparentwithafour-yearcollegedegreeMostofthefirst-generationstudents(59.1percent)wererecipientsofPellGrants,afederalgrantforundergraduateswithfinancialneed,whilethiswastrueonlyfor8.6percentofthestudentswithatleastoneparentwithafour-yeardegree.

Theirthesis-thatarelativelymodestinterventioncouldhaveabigimpactwasbasedontheviewthatfirst-generationstudentsmaybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudents.Theycitepastresearchbyseveralauthorstoshowthatthisisthegapthatmustbenarrowedtoclosetheachievementgap.

Manyfirst-generationstudentsstruggletonavigatethemiddle-classcultureofhighereducation,learnthe’rulesofthegame,'and"takeadvantageofcollegeresources,"theywrite.Andthisbecomesmoreofaproblemwhencollegesdon’ttalkabouttheclassadvantageanddisadvantagesofdifferentgroupsofstudents.BecauseUScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudents’educationalexperience,manyfirst-generationstudentslackinsightaboutwhytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandhowstudentslikethemcanimprove.

1.Recruitingmorefirst-generationstudentshas（

）.

2.Theauthorofthepaperbelievesthatfirst-generationstudents

（

）.

3.Wemayinferfromthelastparagraphthat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reducedtheirdropoutrates

B.narrowedtheachievementgap

C.misseditsoriginalpurpose

D.depressedcollegestudents

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.areactuallyindifferenttotheachievementgap

B.canhaveapotentialinfluenceonotherstudents

C.maylackopportunitiestoapplyforresearchprojects

D.areinexperiencedinhandlingtheirissuesatcollege

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.universitiesoftenrejectthecultureofthemiddle-class

B.studentsareusuallytoblamefortheirlackofresources

C.socialclassgreatlyhelpsenricheducationalexperiences

D.collegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheprobleminquestion

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目提問‘招募更多第一代大學(xué)生己經(jīng)如何？’根據(jù)文章第一段“Thishascreated’’aparadox"inthatrecruitingfirst-generationstudents,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighereducationhas"continuedtoreproduceandwiden,ratherthanclose"achievementgapbasedonsocialclass...這就產(chǎn)生了一個(gè)“悖論”，即招收第一代學(xué)生，但卻眼睜睜地看著他們中的許多人失敗，這意味著高等教育“繼續(xù)繁衍和擴(kuò)大，而不是縮小”基于社會(huì)階層的成就差距，所以這是一種自相矛盾的事……”。確定C選項(xiàng)‘能達(dá)到其最初的目的’正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目提問‘本文作者認(rèn)為第一代學(xué)生如何？’根據(jù)第四段第一句“...first-generationstudentsmaybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudents.第一代大學(xué)生缺少的不是潛力，而是在處理大多數(shù)大學(xué)生面對(duì)的問題時(shí)的實(shí)際的常識(shí)?！贝_定D選項(xiàng)“在大學(xué)里沒有處理問題的經(jīng)驗(yàn)”正確。

3.推理判斷題。題目提問‘最后一段中可以推斷什么？’根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“BecauseUScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudents’educationalexperience,manyfirst-generationstudentslackinsightaboutwhytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandhowstudentslikethemcanimprove.因?yàn)槊绹膶W(xué)院和大學(xué)很少承認(rèn)社會(huì)階層是如何影響學(xué)生的教育經(jīng)歷的，所以許多第一代學(xué)生缺乏對(duì)他們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)掙扎的洞察力，也不知道像他們這樣的學(xué)生如何才能進(jìn)步。”可以推知D選項(xiàng)“學(xué)校應(yīng)該為目前的問題承擔(dān)部分責(zé)任”正確。

3.單選題

Thousandsofyearsagomanusedhandyrocksforhissurgicaloperations.Laterheusedsharpboneorhorn,metalknivesandmorerecently,rubberandplastic.Andthatwaswherewestuck,insurgicalinstrumenttermsformanyyears.Inthe1960sanewtoolwasdeveloped,onewhichwas,firstofall,tobeofgreatpracticalusetothearmedforcesandindustry,butwhichwasalsointime,torevolutionizetheartandscienceofsurgery.Thetoolisthelaseranditisbeingusedbymoreandmoresurgeonsallovertheworld,foraverylargenumberofdifferentcomplaints.Thewordlasermeans:LightAmplificationbyStimulatedEmissionoflight.Asweallknow,lightishot;mysourceoflight-fromthesunitselfdowntoahumblematchburning—willgivewarmth.Butlightisusuallyspreadoutoverawidearea.Thelightinalaserbeam,however,isconcentrated.Thismeansthatalightwithnomorepowerthanthatproducedbyanordinaryelectriclightbulbbecomes.

Experimentswiththesepinpointbeamsshowedresearchersthatdifferentenergysourcesproducebeamsthathaveaparticulareffectoncertainlivingcells.Itisnowpossibleforeyesurgeonstooperateonthebackofthehumaneyewithoutharmingtheformoftheeye,simplybypassingalaserbeamrightthroughtheeyeball.Noknives,nounwanteddamage—atruesurgicalwonder.Operationswhichonceleftpatientsexhaustedandinneedoflongperiodsofrecoverytimenowleavethemfeelingrelaxedandcomfortable.Somuchmoredifficultoperationscannowbetried.Therapiddevelopmentoflasertechniquesinthepasttenyearshasmadeitclearthatthefutureislikelytobeveryexciting.Perhapssomecancerswillbetreatedwithlaserinawaythatmakessurgerynotonlysaferbutmoreeffective.Altogether,tomorrowmayseemoreandmoreinformationcomingtolightonthediseaseswhichcanbetreatedmedically.

1.Upuntilthe1960stheinstrumentsusedtoperformsurgicaloperationswere（

）.

2.Afterthedevelopmentofthelaserinthe1960s,wefindthat

（

）.

3.Thelaserbeamissostrongbecause

（

）.

4.Surgeonscannowcarryoutoperationswhich（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fashionable

B.extraordinary

C.special

D.basic

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.medicalhelpbecameavailableforindustrialworkers

B.thestudyofartwentthroughacompleterevolution

C.man’swholeapproachtosurgerychangedcompletely

D.moreandmoresurgeonsbeganusingsurgicalinstruments

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.itiscomposedofaconcentratedbeamoflight

B.itsheatisincreasedbytheheatofthesun

C.itcanbepluggedintoanordinarylight

D.itsendsoutheatinmanydifferentdirections

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.canbeperformedsuccessfullyonlyonthehumaneye

B.resultinverylittledamagetothepatientsthemselves

C.memademuchmorecomplicatedbyusingthelaserbeam

D.resultinlongperiodsofrecoverytimeforpatients

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章開頭‘Thousandsofyearsagomanusedhandyrocksforhissurgicaloperations.Laterheusedsharpboneorhorn,metalknivesandmorerecently,rubberandplastic.’20世紀(jì)60年代之前，外科手術(shù)使用過的工具有：石頭，鋒利的骨頭和角，金屬刀，橡膠和塑料。確定這些工具都是很基本的，D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。由第二段中所舉的眼科手術(shù)的例子可知，使用激光做手術(shù)，可以讓患者感覺輕松和舒服，不需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間就能恢復(fù)，徹底改變了外科手術(shù)的方法，C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thelightinalaserbeam,however,isconcentratedThismeansthatalightwithnomorepowerthanthatproducedbyanordinaryelectriclightbulbbecomesintenselystrongasitisconcentratedtoapinpoint-sizedbeam.然而，激光束中的光是集中的，這意味著不需要比普通電燈泡產(chǎn)生更多的能量就能點(diǎn)燃，當(dāng)它集中在一個(gè)針尖大小的光束上時(shí)，就會(huì)變得非常強(qiáng)烈。”可知，激光光束強(qiáng)是因?yàn)樗墓馐鴽]有分散，而是集中成針尖大小的光束，所以A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)“Noknives,nounwanteddamage—truesurgicalwonder.Operationswhichonceleftpatientsexhaustedandinneedoflongperiodsofrecoverytimenowleavethemfeelingrelaxedandcomfortable.沒有刀，沒有不必要的傷害——真正的外科奇跡。手術(shù)曾經(jīng)讓病人精疲力竭，需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的恢復(fù)，現(xiàn)在讓他們感到放松和舒適。”可知，使用激光做外科手術(shù)，可以讓病人遭受極少的痛苦，B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.翻譯題

InwhatappearstobethefirstreportedcaseofitskindonUSshores,aColoradowomanallegesthatheriPhone4caughtfirewhilechargingovernightandwantsAppletowarncustomersofthedevice’spossiblecombustionissues.

Thewoman,whospokeundertheconditionofanonymity,saidshetookherstorytotechwebsiteMashableinordertospreadpublicawarenessoverthereportedissue,claimingthatApplehasbeenreticenttoacknowledgetheallegedincident.

Theunnamedsourceclaimsthatsheawokeintheearlymorningduringarecenttriptotheeastcoasttofindheryear-oldwhiteiPhone4making“sizzling”and“popping”noises.

Afteranunspecifiedamountoftimetherewas“notquiteanexplosion,butanimmensecrackling”，andsmokeplumedfromthedevicecreating“anawful,putridsmell,almostlikeyouwereingestingplasticofsomekind”.

Inspectionoftheprovidedpicturesyieldsnocluesastowhichcomponentswereheatedtothepointofcreatingsmoke,thoughabulgingbatteryisdearlyseentohaveexpandedenoughtoforceaparttheiPhone’scasing.

Accordingtothereport,theiPhonewasconnectedviaanApple-brandedchargertoapoweroutletthatwaslaterinspectedandfoundtobeworkingnormally.

ThewomangoesontosaythatwhensheaskedAppletobeupgradedtoareplacementiPhone4S，thecompanyfurnishedherwithanotheriPhone4.

TheallegedincidentisreportedlythefirstofitskindintheUS;thoughtherehasbeenatleastonesimilarinstanceinAustraliainvolvingtheiPhone4.

ThisisnotthefirsttimeApplehasseenproblemswithoverhearingbatteriesasitextendedareplacementprogramforitsfirst-generationiPodNanoin2011duetoadefectthatcausedthedevice’sbatterytooverheat.TheCupertino,Calif.,companyfirstacknowledgedtheproblemina2008pressreleasethatstemmedfromaninvestigationbytheJapanesegovernment.

TherehavebeennoreportsofsevereoverheatingissueswiththeiPhone4SoranyotherproductsinApple’scurrentlineup.

【答案】這位不愿意透露姓名的女士稱，在最近一次去東海岸的旅行中，某天清晨她醒來時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)她剛買了一年的白色iPhone4“嗞嗞”作響，還發(fā)出爆破聲。

不知過了多久，她發(fā)現(xiàn)iPhone4“雖算不上爆炸，但發(fā)出響亮的爆裂聲”，還冒出煙，讓人聞到“難聞的腐爛味兒，就像在吞咽某種塑料”。

根據(jù)所提供的照片，還看不出是手機(jī)的哪些部位過熱導(dǎo)致冒煙，但可以很清楚地看到電池已經(jīng)凸出來，膨脹到撐開了iPhone的外殼。

根據(jù)報(bào)道，當(dāng)時(shí)這部iPhone正通過蘋果品牌的充電器連接到電源上充電，根據(jù)隨后的檢查發(fā)現(xiàn)電源工作正常。

這位女士還向蘋果公司要求以最新款的iPhone4S來代替iPhone4，但蘋果公司只給她換了另一部iPhone4。

5.單選題

OnemeaningoftheGreekword“dran”istoaccomplish,andinthismeaningliesafurtherkeytothestructureofdrama.Aplayconcernsahumanagentattemptingtoaccomplishsomepurpose.Intragedyhisattemptis,inpersonaltermsatleast,unsuccessful;incomedyitissuccessful;intheproblemplayfinalaccomplishmentisofteneitherambiguousordoubtful.

Thisaction,fromthebeginningtotheendofamovementtowardapurposedgoal,mustalsohaveamiddle;itmustproceedthroughanumberofsteps,thesuccessionofincidentswhichmakeuptheplot.Becausethedramatistisconcernedwiththemeaningandlogicofeventsratherthanwiththeircasualrelationshipintime,hewillprobablyselecthismaterialandorderitonabasisoftheoperation,inhumanaffairs,oflawsofcauseandeffect.Itisinthiscausalrelationshipofincidentsthattheelementofconflict,presentinvirtuallyallplays,appears.

Thecentralfigureoftheplay,theprotagonistencountersdifficulties:hispurposeorpurposesconflictwitheventsorcircumstances,withpurposesofothercharactersintheplay,orwithcross-purposeswhichexistwithinhisownthoughtsanddesires.Thesedifficultiesthreatentheprotagonist’saccomplishment;inotherwords,theypresentcomplications,andhissuccessorfailureindealingwiththesecomplicationsdeterminestheoutcome.Normally,complicationsbuildthroughtheplayinorderofincreasingdifficulty;onecomplicationmaybeaddedtoanother,oronemaygrowoutofthesolutionofaprecedingone.Atsomepointinthischainofcomplicationandsolution,achievedorattempted,theprotagonistperformsanactormakesadecisionwhichirrevocablycommitshimtoafurthercourse,pointstowardcertaingeneralconsequences.Thispointisusuallycalledthecrisis;thecomplicationsandsolutionswhichfollowworkoutthelogicalstepsfromcrisistofinalresolution,ordenouement.

1.Adramaisarrangedmainlyinaccordancewith（

）.

2.Inthetext,theauthormainlydealswith（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thewillofthedramatist

B.thesequenceofevents

C.thelawofdramaticart

D.theneedofperformance

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thenecessityofdramainaculture

B.somesocialfunctionsofdramas

C.theresponsibilityofdramatists

D.somekeyelementsindrama-making

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。本題主要是問戲劇主要是按照什么來進(jìn)行安排的。A選項(xiàng)意為“劇作家的意愿”；B選項(xiàng)意為“事件的順序”；C選項(xiàng)意為“戲劇藝術(shù)的法則”；D選項(xiàng)意為“表演的需要”。由文章第二段第二句‘Becausethedramatistisconcernedwiththemeaningandlogicofeventsratherthanwiththeircasualrelationshipintime,hewillprobablyselecthismaterialandorderitonabasisoftheoperation,inhumanaffairs,oflawsofcauseandeffect.因?yàn)閯∽骷谊P(guān)心的是事件的意義和邏輯，而不是它們?cè)跁r(shí)間上的偶然關(guān)系，所以他很可能會(huì)根據(jù)人類事務(wù)中因果規(guī)律的運(yùn)作來選擇和安排材料?！梢?，戲劇情節(jié)的安排由劇作家決定，A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.主旨大意題。本題是問本文中作者主要談?wù)摰氖鞘裁?。A選項(xiàng)意為“文化中戲劇的必要性”；B選項(xiàng)意為“戲劇的一些社會(huì)功能”；C選項(xiàng)意為“劇作家的責(zé)任”；D選項(xiàng)意為“戲劇創(chuàng)作中的一些關(guān)鍵要素”。本文主要從文學(xué)角度介紹了戲劇所包含的重要因素，其中提到了人文動(dòng)作著、情節(jié)、沖突、危機(jī)、結(jié)局等術(shù)語。所以D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

Themethodofscientificinvestigationisnothingbuttheexpressionofthenecessarymodeofworkingofthehumanmind:itissimplythemodebywhichallphenomenaarereasonedaboutandgivenpreciseandexactexplanations.Thedifferencebetweentheoperationsandmethodsofabakerweighingouthisgoodsincommonscales,andtheoperationsofachemistbymeansofhisbalanceisnotthatthescalesintheonecase,andthebalanceintheother,differintheprinciplesoftheirconstructionormannerofworking,butthatthelatterisamuchfinerapparatusandofcoursemuchmoreaccurateinitsmeasurementthattheformer.

Probablythereisnotoneherewhohasnotinthecourseofthedayhadoccasiontosetinmotionofacomplextrainofreasoning,oftheverysamekind,thoughdifferingindegree,asthatwhichascientificmangoesthroughintracingthecausesofnaturalphenomena.

【答案】科學(xué)研究的方法不過是人類思維運(yùn)作的必要模式的表現(xiàn)：它只不過是對(duì)一切現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行推理并給予精確和準(zhǔn)確解釋的方式。用普通的天平稱貨物的面包師與用精密天平的化學(xué)家在操作與方法上的區(qū)別，并不是面包師的天平與化學(xué)家的天平在構(gòu)造上和工作原理上的不同，而只是后者是比前者精密得多的儀器，當(dāng)然也能得出比前者更準(zhǔn)確的結(jié)果。

大概，這里不會(huì)有人一整天都沒有機(jī)會(huì)進(jìn)行一連串復(fù)雜的思考活動(dòng)。這些思考活動(dòng)與科學(xué)家在探索自然現(xiàn)象原因時(shí)所經(jīng)歷的思考活動(dòng)，盡管復(fù)雜程度不同，但在類型上卻是完全一樣的。

7.單選題

Hadtheexplosionbrokenout,allthepassengersintheplaneshouldhavebeenkilled,foritwas（

）timedwiththeplane'stake-off.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.simultaneously

B.conscientiously

C.spontaneously

D.instantaneously

【答案】A

【解析】副詞詞義辨析。句意‘如果發(fā)生爆炸，飛機(jī)上所有的乘客都會(huì)喪命，因?yàn)檫@是一個(gè)隨著飛機(jī)起飛會(huì)爆炸的定時(shí)炸彈?！疊選項(xiàng)conscientiously意為“良心上”；C選項(xiàng)spontaneously意為“不由自主地”；D選項(xiàng)instantaneously意為“即刻，馬上”，均與句意不符。根據(jù)本題的關(guān)鍵詞timed可知是與時(shí)間有關(guān)，A項(xiàng)simultaneously意為“同時(shí)地”，符合語境，正確。

8.單選題

Antarcticahasactuallybecomeakindofspacestationauniqueobservationpostfordetectingimportantchangesintheworld'senvironment.Remotefrommajorsourcesofpollutionandthecomplexgeologicalandecologicalsystemsthatprevailelsewhere,Antarcticamakespossiblescientificmeasurementsthatareoftensharperandeasiertointerpretthanthosemadeinotherpartsoftheworld.

GrowingnumbersofscientiststhereforeseeAntarcticaasauniqueobservationdistant-early-warningsensor,wherepotentiallydangerousglobaltrendsmaybespottedbeforetheyshowuptothenorth.Onepromisingfieldofinvestigationisglaciology.ScholarsfromtheUnitedStates,Switzerland,andFrancearepursuingsevenseparatebutrelatedprojectsthatreflecttheirconcernforthehealthoftheWestAntarcticIceSheet,aconcerntheybelievetheworldatlargeshouldshare.

TheTransantarcticMountain,someofthemmorethan14,000feethigh,dividethecontinentintotwoverydifferentregions.Thepartofthecontinenttothe"east”ofthemountainsisahighplateaucoveredbyanicesheetnearlytwomilesthick."West"ofthemountain,thehalfofthecontinentsouthoftheAmericasisalsocoveredbyanicesheet,buttheretheicerestsonrockthatismostlywellbelowsealevel.IftheWestAntarcticIceSheetdisappeared,thewesternpartofthecontinentwouldbereducedtoasparseclusterofisland.

Whileiceandsnowareobviouslycentraltomanyenvironmentalexperiments,othersfocusonthemysterious"dryvalley"ofAntarctica,valleysthatcontainlittleiceorsnoweveninthedepthsofwinter.SlashedthroughthemountainsofsouthernVictoriaLand,thesevalleysonceheldenormousglaciersthatdescended9,000feetfromthepolarplateautotheRossSea.Nowtheglaciersaregone,perhapsacasualtyoftheglobalwarmingtrendduringthe10,000yearssincetheiceage.Eventhesnowthatfallsinthedryvalleysisblastedoutbyviciouswindsthatroardownfromthepolarplateautothesea.Leftbarearespectaculargorges,rippledfieldsofsanddunes,clustersofboulderssculpturedintofantasticshapesby100-mile-an-hourwinds,andanauraofextraterrestrialdesolation.

Despitetheunearthlyaspectofthedryvalleys,somescientistsbelievetheymaycarryamessageofhopeoftheverdantpartsoftheearth.Somescientistsbelievethatinsomecasesthedryvalleysmaysoakuppollutantsfasterthanpollutantsenterthem.

1.WhatisthepointtheauthormadeinParagraphOne?

2.HowareeastandwestofTransantarcticMountaindifferentfromeachother?

3.WhatwouldtheresultbeiftheWestAntarcticIceSheetdisappeared?

4.Whichofthefollowingaboutdryvalleysistrue?

5.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.AntarcticaisaspacestationestablishedbyUSA.

B.Antarcticaimitatesworldenvironment.

C.Antarcticahasseriouspollutions.

D.Antarcticaisabetterplacetodocertainscientificresearch.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Eastsideiswarmerthanwestside.

B.Eastsideismorethan14000feethigh.

C.Iceineastsideisabovesealevel.

D.Iceinwestsideisabovesealevel.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thewesternpartofthecontinentwouldbedisappeared.

B.Thewesternpartofthecontinentwouldbereduced.

C.ThewesternpartofthecontinentwouldbecomescatteredIslands.

D.ThewesternpartofthecontinentwouldbereducedtoaclusterofIslands.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theyhavenothingleftinsideandbecomesdiscarded.

B.theymaybethehopeofenvironmentalproblemsinourplanet.

C.theyneverheldglaciersinitslonghistory.

D.Theyareuselesstoscientistsasnothingisleftbehind.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Antarctica:Earth'sEarly-Warningstation..

B.AntarcticaandenvironmentalProblems.

C.Antarctica:aUniqueObservationPost.

D.Antarctica:aMysteriousPlace.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目提問‘作者在第1段中提出了什么要點(diǎn)？’文章第一段大意是“南極洲實(shí)際上已經(jīng)成為一種太空站：一個(gè)獨(dú)特的觀測(cè)站，用來探測(cè)世界環(huán)境的變化。南極洲遠(yuǎn)離污染，又不同于其它任何地方，普遍存在著復(fù)雜的地質(zhì)和生態(tài)環(huán)境，所以，這里可以得到更敏銳又易解釋的科學(xué)測(cè)量結(jié)果。”所以作者提出的要點(diǎn)是D選項(xiàng)“南極洲是進(jìn)行某些科學(xué)研究的更好之地”。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目提問‘跨南極山脈的東西有何不同？’根據(jù)文章第三段中第二句和第三句“Thepartofthecontinenttothe"east"ofthemountainsisahighplateaucoveredbyanicesheetnearlytwomilesthick."West"ofthemountain,thehalfofthecontinentsouthoftheAmericasisalsocoveredbyanicesheet,buttheretheicerestsonrockthatismostlywellbelowsealevel.山脈“東部”的大陸部分是一個(gè)被近兩英里厚的冰原覆蓋的高原。在山脈的“西部”，美洲南部大陸的一半也被冰原覆蓋，但是那里的冰主要是在低于海平面的巖石上?！贝_定C選項(xiàng)“東部的冰高于海平面”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目提問‘如果南極西部冰盾消失，結(jié)果會(huì)是什么？’根據(jù)文章第三段中最后一句“IftheWestAntarcticIceSheetdisappeared,thewesternpartofthecontinentwouldbereducedtoasparseclusterofisland.如果南極西部冰蓋消失，大陸西部將會(huì)變成一個(gè)稀疏的島嶼群?！贝_定D選項(xiàng)“大陸西部成為一群島嶼”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目提問‘關(guān)于干河谷，下列哪個(gè)是真的？’根據(jù)文章第五段第一句“Despitetheunearthlyaspectofthedryvalleys,somescientistsbelievetheymaycarryamessageofhopeoftheverdantpartsoftheearth.盡管這些干谷看上去不像地球，但一些科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，它們可能為地球上青翠的地方帶來了希望?！贝_定B選項(xiàng)“他們可能為地球上綠色地區(qū)帶來了希望的信息”正確。

5.主旨大意題。題目提問‘這篇文章最適合的標(biāo)題是？’文章談?wù)撃蠘O洲科研考察的重要性，以及介紹其相關(guān)的環(huán)境特色和問題，所以B選項(xiàng)“南極洲和環(huán)境問題”是最適合的標(biāo)題。

9.單選題

Wehadbeenwantingtoexpandourchildren’shorizonsbytakingthemtoaplacethatwasunlikeanythingwe’dbeenexposedtoduringourtravelsinEuropeandtheUnitedStates.InthinkingaboutwhatwaspossiblefromGeneva,wherewearebased,wedecidedonatriptoIstanbul,atwo-hourplaneridefromZurich.

Weenvisionedthetripasapreludetomoreexoticones,perhapstoNewDelhiorBangkoklaterthisyear,butthoughtour11-and13-year-oldsneededafirststepawayfrommanicuredboulevardsandpristinemonuments.

Whatwedidn’tforeseewasthereactionoffriends,whowarnedthatwewereputtingourchildren“indanger,”referringvaguely,andmostincorrectly,todisease,terrorismorjusttheunknown.TohelpusgetacquaintedwiththepeculiaritiesofIstanbulandtogiveourchildrenachancetochoosewhattheywereparticularlyinterestedinseeing,weboughtanexcellentguidebookandreaditthoroughlybeforeleaving.

Friendlywarningsdidn’tchangeourplanning,althoughwemighthavemoreprudentlycheckedwiththeU.S.StateDepartment’slistoftroublespots.Wedidn’tseealotofchildrenamongtheforeignvisitorsduringoursix-daystayinIstanbul,butwefoundthetouristareasquitesafe,veryinterestingandvariedenougheventosuitourson,whoseoft-repeatedrequestisthatwenotsee“everysingle”churchandmuseuminagivencity.

Vaccinationsweren’tneededforthecity,butwewereconcernedaboutadaptingtothewaterforashortstay.Soweusedbottledwaterfordrinkingandbrushingourteeth,aprecautionthatmayseemexcessive,butweallstayedhealthy.

Takingtheadviceofafriend,webookedahotela20-minutewalkfrommostofIstanbul’smajortouristsites.Thisnotonlygotussomemorningexercise,strollingovertheKarakoyBridge,buttookuspastacolorfulassortmentoffishermen,vendorsandshoeshiners.

Fromateenagerandpre-teen’sview,Istanbulstreetlifeisfascinatingsincealmosteverythingcanbeboughtoutdoors.TheywereatagoodagetospendtimewanderingthelabyrinthoftheSpiceBazaar,whereshopsdisplaymoundsofpungentherbsinsacks.Doingthiswithyoungerchildrenwouldbehardersimplybecausethestreetsaresopackedwithpeople;itwouldbeeasytogetlost.Forourtwo,whosebuyingexperienceconsistedofdepartmentstoresandshoppingmallboutiques,itwasamazingtodiscoverthatyoucouldbargainoverpriceandperhapsendupwithtwoofsomethingforthepriceofone.TheyalsolearnedtofigureouttherelativevalueoftheTurkishlira,notasmallmatterwithitsmanyzeros.

BeingexposedtoIslamwasanimportantpartofourtrip.Visitingthemosques,especiallytheenormousBlueMosque,wasourfirstglimpseintohowthismajorreligionispracticed.Ourchildren’scuriosityalreadyhadbeenpiquedbythefivedailycallstoprayeroverloudspeakersineverycomerofthecity,andthescarvescoveringtheheadsofmanywomen.

Navigatingmealscanbetroublesomewithchildren,butakebab,boughtonthestreetorinrestaurants,wasunfailinglypopular.Sincewehaddecidedthistripwasnotforgourmets,kebabssparedustheagonyoftryingtofindarestauranteachdaythatwouldsuittheadults*desiretotrysomethingnewamidchildren’sinsistencethatthefoodbeservedimmediately.Gradually,webranchedouttotrysomeotherTurkishspecialties.

AlthoughoursonhadstudiedIslambriefly,itisimpossibletobepreparedforeveryawkwardquestionthatmightcomeup,suchasduringourvisitstotheTopkapiSarayi,theOttomanSultans'palace.Noguideswereavailablesoitwasdo-it-yourself,usingourguidebook,whichcheatedusofalotofinterestinghistoryandanecdotesthataprofessionalguidecouldprovide.Nexttime,weresolvedtomakesucharrangementsinadvance.

Onthistrip,wewanderedthroughthemagnificentcomplex,withitsimperialtreasures,itscourtyardsanditsharem.Thelastrequiredabitofexplanationthatwewouldhavehappilylefttoalearnedthirdparty.

1.ThecouplechoseIstanbulastheirholidaydestinationmainlybecause（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

3.Welearnfromthecouple’sshoppingexperiencebackhomethat

（

）.

4.ThelasttwoparagraphssuggestthattovisitplacesofinterestinIstanbul

（

）.

5.ThefamilyhaveseenorvisitedallthefollowinginIstanbulEXCEPT（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thecityisnottoofarawayfromwheretheylived.

B.thecityisnotonthelistoftheU.S.StateDepartment.

C.thecityisbetweenthefamiliarandtheexotic.

D.thecityismorefamiliarthanexotic.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.The