2022年考研考博-工商管理碩士(MBA)-考試名師押題精選卷I(帶答案詳解)試卷號(hào)54_第1頁(yè)
2022年考研考博-工商管理碩士(MBA)-考試名師押題精選卷I(帶答案詳解)試卷號(hào)54_第2頁(yè)
2022年考研考博-工商管理碩士(MBA)-考試名師押題精選卷I(帶答案詳解)試卷號(hào)54_第3頁(yè)
2022年考研考博-工商管理碩士(MBA)-考試名師押題精選卷I(帶答案詳解)試卷號(hào)54_第4頁(yè)
2022年考研考博-工商管理碩士(MBA)-考試名師押題精選卷I(帶答案詳解)試卷號(hào)54_第5頁(yè)
已閱讀5頁(yè),還剩51頁(yè)未讀, 繼續(xù)免費(fèi)閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說(shuō)明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡(jiǎn)介

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-工商管理碩士(MBA)-考試名師押題精選卷I(帶答案詳解)(圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

某班增加兩名同學(xué),則該班同學(xué)的平均身高增加了。

(1)增加的兩名同學(xué)的平均身高與原來(lái)男同學(xué)的平均身高相同。

(2)原來(lái)男同學(xué)的平均身高大于女同學(xué)的平均身高。

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.條件(1)充分,但條件(2)不充分

B.條件(2)充分,但條件(1)不充分

C.條件(1)和(2)單獨(dú)不充分,但條件(1)和條件(2)聯(lián)合起來(lái)充分

D.條件(1)充分,條件(2)充分

E.條件(1)和(2)單獨(dú)都不充分,條件(1)和條件(2)聯(lián)合起來(lái)也不充分

【答案】C

【解析】條件(1):增加的兩名同學(xué)的平均身高與原來(lái)男同學(xué)的平均身高相同,但是不清楚女生的平均身高,因此單獨(dú)不充分。

條件(2):原來(lái)男同學(xué)的平均身高大于女同學(xué)的平均身高,但是未說(shuō)明增加兩名同學(xué)的平均身高情況,因此單獨(dú)不充分。

考慮(1)、(2)聯(lián)立:用h表示平均身高,s表示人數(shù)。則有hs=h男s男+h女s女,因?yàn)樵瓉?lái)男同學(xué)的平均身高大于女同學(xué)的平均身高,因此h女男。

考慮增加兩名同學(xué)后,因?yàn)樵黾拥膬擅瑢W(xué)的平均身高與原來(lái)男同學(xué)的平均身高相同,所以有:h’=[(h男(s男+2)+h女s女)]/(s+2)=[h男s男+h女s女+2h男]/(s+2)=[hs+2h男]/(s+2)>[hs+2h]/(s+2)=h,因此增加兩名同學(xué)后,該班同學(xué)的平均身高增加了。

聯(lián)立后,還可以這樣考慮,之前男、女生的平均身高是小于男生的平均身高的,當(dāng)加了兩個(gè)人的身高高于之前的平均身高,則肯定整體平均身高增加了。

Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONEMicrosoftInternetExplorer4Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONEMicrosoftInternetExplorer42.寫作題

Writeanessaybasedonthechartbelow.Inyourwriting,youshould

1)interpretthechart,and

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteabout150words.

【答案】Thepiechartexplicitlyillustratesthevariousfactorsthatconsumersinacitytookintoaccountwhenchoosingrestaurantsin2017,consistingof5parts,whicharefeatures,service,environment,priceandotherfactors.Amongthem,theproportionofservice,environment,priceandotherfactorsis26.8%,23.8%,8.4%and4.7%respectively.Bycontrast,featureisthetopone,accountingfor36.3%.

Whathastriggeredthisphenomenon?Inthefirstplace,withtheadvanceddevelopmentofnationaleconomyandpersonalwealth,peopleinChinahavebeenricherandricher.Therefore,someofthemaremorelikelytofocusonthefeatureofarestaurantotherthanontheprice.Inthesecondplace,inordertodevelopinterpersonalrelationshipsandenjoyacomfortablelife,moreandmorepeoplepayattentiontoserviceandenvironmentofarestaurant,insteadofconcentratingontheprice.

Takingintoaccountwhathasbeenmentionedabove,Ithinkthisphenomenonisnormalandwillcontinueinthefuture.

3.單選題

HowtoDisagreewithSomeonemorepowerfulthanyou.Yourbossproposesanewinitiativeyouthinkwon’twork.Yourseniorcolleagueoutlinesaprojecttimelineyouthinkisunrealist.

Whatdoyousaywhenyoudisagreewithsomeonewhohasmorepowerthanyoudo?Howdoyoudecidewhetherit'sworthspeakingup?Andifyoudo,whatexactlyshouldyousay?Hereishowtodisagreewithsomeonemorepowerfulthanyou.

1.(

Afterthisriskassessment,Youmaydecideit’sbesttoholdoffonvoicingyouropinion.Maybeyouhaven’tfinishedthinkingtheproblemthroughthewholediscussionwasasurprisetoyou,oryouwanttogetaclearersenseofwhatthegroupthinks.Ifyouthinkotherpeoplearegoingtodisagreetoo,youmightwanttogatheryourarmyfirst.Peoplecancontributeexperienceorinformationtoyourthinking--allthethingsthatwouldmakethedisagreementstrongerormorevalidIt'salsoagoodideatodelaytheconversationifyoureinameetingorotherpublicspace.Discussingtheissueinprivatewillmakethepowerfulpersonfeellessthreatened.

2.(

Beforeyoushareyourthoughts,thinkaboutwhatthepowerfulpersoncaresabout—itmaybe“thecredibilityoftheirteamofgettingaprojectdoneontime.You'remorelikelytobeheardifyoucanconnectyourdisagreementtoahigherpurpose.Whenyoudospeakup,don'tassumethelinkwillbeclearYoullwanttostateitovertly,contextualizingyourstatementssothatyoureseennotasadisagreeableunderlingbutasacolleaguewho'stryingtoadvanceasharedgoal.Thediscussion

willthenbecomemorelikeachessgamethanaboxingmatch,”saysWeeks

3.(

Thisstepmaysoundoverlydeferential,butit'sasmartwaytogivethepowerfulpersonpsychologicalsafetyandcontrol.Youcansaysomethinglike,Iknowweseemtobemovingtowardafirst-quartercommitmenthereihavereasonstothinkthatwon'tworki'dliketowayoutmyreasoning.Wouldthatbeok?Thisgivesthepersonachoice,allowingthemtoverballyoptin.And,assumingtheysayyesitwillmakeyoufeelmoreconfidentaboutvoicingyoudisagreement.

4.(

Youmightfeelyourheartracingoryourfaceturningredbutdowhateveryoucantoremainneutralinbothyourwordsandactions.Whenyourbodylanguagecommunicatesreluctanceoranxiety,itundercutsthemessage.Itsendsamixedmessage,andyourcounterpartgetstochoosewhattoread.Deepbreathscanhelp,ascanspeakingmoreslowlyanddeliberately.Whenwefeelpanickywetendtotalklouderandfaster.Simplyslowingthepaceandtalkinginaneventonehelpstheotherpersoncalmdownanddoesthesameoryou.Italsomakesyouseemconfident,evenifyouaren’t.

5.(

Emphasizethatyoureofferingyouropinion,notgospeltruth.Imaybeawell-informed,well-researchedopinion,butit'sstillanopinion,mytalktentativelyandslightlyunderstateyourconfidenceinsteadofsayingsomethinglike,"Ifwesetanend-of-quarterdeadline,we'llnevermakeit,"say,Thisisjustmyopinion,butdon’tseehowwewillmakethatdeadline.Havingassertedyourposition(asaposition,notasafact)demonstrateequalcuriosityaboutotherviewsremindthepersonthatthisis

yourpointofviewandtheninvitecritique.Beopentohearingotheropinions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Staycalm

B.Stayhumble

C.Don'tmakejudgments

D.Berealisticabouttherisks

E.Decidewhethertowait

F.Askpermissiontodisagree

G.Identifyasharedgoal

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Staycalm

B.Stayhumble

C.Don'tmakejudgments

D.Berealisticabouttherisks

E.Decidewhethertowait

F.Askpermissiontodisagree

G.Identifyasharedgoal

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Staycalm

B.Stayhumble

C.Don'tmakejudgments

D.Berealisticabouttherisks

E.Decidewhethertowait

F.Askpermissiontodisagree

G.Identifyasharedgoal

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Staycalm

B.Stayhumble

C.Don'tmakejudgments

D.Berealisticabouttherisks

E.Decidewhethertowait

F.Askpermissiontodisagree

G.Identifyasharedgoal

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Staycalm

B.Stayhumble

C.Don'tmakejudgments

D.Berealisticabouttherisks

E.Decidewhethertowait

F.Askpermissiontodisagree

G.Identifyasharedgoal

【答案】第1題:E

第2題:G

第3題:F

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.【試題答案】E

【試題解析】該段首句為中心句,提到holdoffonvoicingyouropinion(暫時(shí)不發(fā)表你的意見(jiàn)),倒數(shù)第二句也指出delaytheconversation(延遲對(duì)話),說(shuō)明該段的主旨是可以選擇推遲提出自己的意見(jiàn)。因此E選項(xiàng)“決定是否要等待”正確。

2.【試題答案】G

【試題解析】該段首句指出分享觀點(diǎn)前需要thinkaboutwhatthepowerfulpersoncaresabout(想一想那些有權(quán)力的人關(guān)心什么),倒數(shù)第二句提到sharedgoal(共同的目標(biāo)),說(shuō)明該段的主旨是將自己的不同意見(jiàn)和上司關(guān)心的更高目標(biāo)聯(lián)系起來(lái),找到一個(gè)共同的目標(biāo)。因此G選項(xiàng)“確定一個(gè)共同的目標(biāo)”正確。

3.【試題答案】F

【試題解析】該段倒數(shù)第二句Thisgivesthepersonachoice,allowingthemtoverballyoptin.(這給了對(duì)方一個(gè)選擇,讓他們口頭上選擇加入。)將前文建議的內(nèi)容和結(jié)果連接了起來(lái)。具體建議的內(nèi)容舉例是Youcansaysomethinglike,“Iknowweseemtobemovingtowardafirst-quartercommitmenthere.Ihavereasonstothinkthatwon’twork.I’dliketolayoutmyreasoning.WouldthatbeOK?”(你可以這樣說(shuō):“我知道我們現(xiàn)在似乎正在朝著第一季度的承諾前進(jìn)。我有理由認(rèn)為這行不通。我想闡述一下我的理由。這樣做可以嗎?”),結(jié)果部分提到givesthepersonachoice(給人們一個(gè)選擇)和theysayyes(他們同意),說(shuō)明該段的主旨是向他們尋求提出不同意見(jiàn)的許可。因此F選項(xiàng)“請(qǐng)求允許提出不同意見(jiàn)”正確。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】該段第一句提到heartracing(心跳加速)和faceturningred(臉紅),表明了緊張的狀態(tài),接著用but表示轉(zhuǎn)折,也就是要克制前文提到的緊張狀態(tài),保持中立的言行,說(shuō)明該段的主旨是保持冷靜,不要緊張。因此A選項(xiàng)“保持冷靜”正確。

5.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】該段最后一句Beopentohearingotheropinions.(對(duì)他人觀點(diǎn)保持開放態(tài)度。)是中心句,并且倒數(shù)第二句提到invitecritique(請(qǐng)別人評(píng)判)也體現(xiàn)了一種謙虛的態(tài)度,說(shuō)明該段的主旨是對(duì)聽(tīng)取他人的意見(jiàn)持開放、謙虛的態(tài)度。因此B選項(xiàng)“保持謙虛”正確。

4.單選題

Whilefossilfuels-coal,oil,gas-stillgenerateroughly85percentoftheworld'senergysupply,it'sclearerthaneverthatthefuturebelongstorenewablesourcessuchaswindandsolar.Themovetorenewablesispickingupmomentumaroundtheworld:Theynowaccountformorethanhalfofnewpowersourcesgoingonline.

SomegrowthstemsfromacommitmentbygovernmentsandfarsightedBusinesstofundcleanerenergysources.Butincreasinglythestoriesabouttheplummetingpricesofrenewables,especiallywindandsolar.Thecostofsolarpanelshasdroppedby80percentandthecostofwindturbinesbyclosetoone-thirdinthepasteightyears.

Inmanypartsoftheworldrenewableenergyisalreadyaprincipalenergysource.InScotland,forexample,windturbinesprovideenoughelectricitytopower95percentofhomes.Whiletherestoftheworldtakesthelead,notablyChinaandEurope,theUnitedStatesisalsoseeingaremarkableshift.InMarch,forthefirsttime,windandsolarpoweraccountedformorethan10percentofthepowergeneratedintheUS,reportedtheUSEnergyInformationAdministration.

PresidentTrumphasunderlinedfossilfuels—especiallycoal—asthepathtoeconomicgrowth.InarecentspeechinIowa,hedismissedwindpowerasanunreliableenergysource.ButthatmessagedidnotplaywellwithmanyinIowa,wherewindturbinesdotthefieldsandprovide36percentofthestate'selectricitygeneration—andwheretechgiantslikeMicrosoftarebeingattractedbytheavailabilityofcleanenergytopowertheirdatacenters.

Thequestion“whathappenswhenthewinddoesn'tbloworthesundoesn'tshine?

"hasprovidedaquickput-downforskeptics.Butaboostinthestorage-capacityofbatteriesismakingtheirabilitytokeeppowerflowingaroundtheclockmorelikely.

Theadvanceisdriveninpartbyvehiclemanufacturers,whoareplacingbigbetsonbattery-poweredelectricvehicles.Althoughelectriccarsarestillararityonroadsnow,thismassiveinvestmentcouldchangethepicturerapidlyincomingyears.

Whilethere'salongwaytogo,thetrendlinesforrenewablesarespiking.Thepaceofchangeinenergysourcesappearstobespeedingupperhaps:justintimetohaveameaningfuleffectinslowingclimatechange.WhatWashingtondoes-ordoesn'tdo-topromotealternativeenergymaymeanlessandlessatimeofaglobalshiftinthought.

1.Theword"plummeting"(Line3,Para.2)isclosestinmeaningto(

).

2.AccordingtoParagraph3,theuseofrenewableenergyinAmerica

).

3.ItcanbelearnedthatinIowa,

).

4.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutcleanenergyaccordingtoParagraphs5&6?

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatrenewableenergy(

).

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.stabilizing

B.changing

C.falling

D.rising

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.isprogressingnotably

B.isasextensiveasinEurope

C.facesmanychallenges

D.hasprovedtobeimpractical

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.windisawidelyusedenergysource

B.windenergyhasreplacedfossilfuels

C.techgiantsareinvestingincleanenergy

D.thereisashortageofcleanenergysupply

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itsapplicationhasboostedbatterystorage.

B.Itiscommonlyusedincarmanufacturing.

C.Itscontinuoussupplyisbecomingareality.

D.Itssustainableexploitationwillremaindifficult.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.willbringtheUSclosertoothercountries

B.willaccelerateglobalenvironmentalchange

C.isnotreallyencouragedbytheUSgovernment

D.isnotcompetitiveenoughwithregardtoitscost

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.詞義題。第二段第二句提到關(guān)鍵詞,下文中第三句解釋到“Thecostofsolarpanelshasdroppedby80percentandthecostofwindturbinesbyclosetoone-thirdinthepasteightyears”,在過(guò)去的八年里,太陽(yáng)能電池板的成本下降了80%,風(fēng)力渦輪機(jī)的成本下降了近三分之一,可知theplummetingpricesofrenewables是說(shuō)再生能源價(jià)格大幅下降。因此C選項(xiàng)“下降”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“穩(wěn)定”,B選項(xiàng)“改變”,D選項(xiàng)“上升”均不符合語(yǔ)義。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由關(guān)鍵詞theuseofrenewableenergyinAmerica定位到文章第三段第三句“Whiletherestoftheworldtakesthelead,notablyChinaandEurope,theUnitedStatesisalsoseeingaremarkableshift”,其他國(guó)家已處于領(lǐng)先地位,美國(guó)也發(fā)生著顯著變化。這說(shuō)的是美國(guó)使用可再生能源的輕。后面第四句直接引用數(shù)據(jù)說(shuō)明變化情況。因此A選項(xiàng)“正取得顯著進(jìn)展”符合題意。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由關(guān)鍵詞inIowa定位到文章第四段第二、三句,第三句說(shuō)到“ButthatmessagedidnotplaywellwithmanyinIowa,wherewindturbinesdotthefields…powertheirdatacenters”,講述了風(fēng)能在愛(ài)荷華州的大力發(fā)展,因此A選項(xiàng)“風(fēng)能是一種被廣泛使用的能源”符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。第五段第二句說(shuō)到電池存儲(chǔ)容量的提高,使持續(xù)供電逐漸成為可能,即“清潔能源的持續(xù)供應(yīng)即將成為現(xiàn)實(shí)”。與C選項(xiàng)相符合;第六段第二句說(shuō)到電動(dòng)汽車如今還是很少出現(xiàn)在道路上,可知清潔能源還未在汽車制造業(yè)普遍使用,因此B選項(xiàng)與原文相反;第五段第二句說(shuō)到“keeppowerflowingaroundtheclockmorelikely”,讓電池晝夜持續(xù)供電越來(lái)越成為可能,這一點(diǎn)與D選項(xiàng)表述的“difficult”相反;第六段第一句說(shuō)到電池存儲(chǔ)容量的提高部分源于汽車制造商們的推動(dòng),并不是A選項(xiàng)說(shuō)的“清潔能源的應(yīng)用”。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。A選項(xiàng)在最后一段未提及;B選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)第二句“能源的變化速度能對(duì)減緩其后變化產(chǎn)生積極影響”,但并不是“加速氣候變化”,排除B選項(xiàng);C選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)第三句,句中用兩個(gè)破折號(hào)表示強(qiáng)調(diào),暗示美國(guó)政府有可能在這方面不作為,因此C選項(xiàng)是合理推斷。D選項(xiàng)也屬于未提及內(nèi)容。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

1970年,U國(guó)汽車保險(xiǎn)業(yè)的賠付總額中,只有10%用于賠付汽車事故造成的人身傷害。而2000年,這部分賠付金所占的比例上升到50%,盡管這30年來(lái)U國(guó)的汽車事故率呈逐年下降的趨勢(shì)。

以下哪項(xiàng)如果為真,最有助于解釋上述看似矛盾的現(xiàn)象?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.這30年來(lái),U國(guó)汽車的總量呈逐年上升的趨勢(shì)。

B.這30年來(lái),U國(guó)的醫(yī)療費(fèi)用顯著上升。

C.2000年U國(guó)的交通事故數(shù)量明顯多于1970年。

D.2000年U國(guó)實(shí)施的新交通法規(guī)比1970年的更為嚴(yán)格。

E.這30年來(lái)U國(guó)汽車保險(xiǎn)金的上漲率明顯髙于此期間的通貨膨脹率。

【答案】B

6.寫作題

Supposeyouareplanningacampusfoodfestival,writeanmailtointernationalstudentsinyouruniversityto

1.introducethefoodfestivaland

2.invitethemtoparticipate

PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

Donotuseyourownname,use“LiMing”instead.(10points)

【答案】DearFriends,

Iamwritingthisemailtoyoutointroduceanupcomingcampusfoodfestivalandinviteyoutoattendit.

Therelevantdetailsareasfollows.Foronething,itwillbeheldintheschoolgymonSeptember20.Foranother,itisadvisableforyoutoknowthatduringthefestival,youwillenjoyavarietyoflocalfood,suchastheworld-famousColdNoodle(LiangPi)andChineseHamburger(RouJiaMo).Besides,alltheinternationalstudentsarewelcometoparticipateinthefoodfestival.

Isincerelyhopethatmyinvitationcandrawyourattention.

Sincerelyyours,7.單選題

孩子在很小的時(shí)候,對(duì)接觸到的東西都要摸一摸,嘗嘗,甚至還會(huì)吞下去。孩子天生就對(duì)這個(gè)世界抱有強(qiáng)烈的好奇心,但隨著孩子慢幔長(zhǎng)大,特別是進(jìn)入學(xué)校之后,他們的好奇心越來(lái)越少,對(duì)此專家認(rèn)為,這是由于孩子受到外在的不當(dāng)激勵(lì)所造成的。

以下哪項(xiàng)如果為真,最能支持上述專家觀點(diǎn)?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.現(xiàn)在許多孩子迷戀電腦,手機(jī),對(duì)書本知識(shí)感到索然無(wú)味。

B.野外郊游可以激發(fā)孩子的好奇心,長(zhǎng)時(shí)間宅在家里就會(huì)產(chǎn)生思維惰性。

C.老師家長(zhǎng)只看考試成績(jī),導(dǎo)致孩子只知道死記硬背書本知識(shí)。

D.現(xiàn)在孩子所做的很多事情大多迫于老師家長(zhǎng)等的外部壓力。

E.孩子助人為樂(lè)能獲得褒獎(jiǎng),損人利己往往受到批評(píng)。

【答案】C

【解析】題干給出的推理為:受到外在的不當(dāng)激勵(lì)→好奇心越來(lái)越少。正確選項(xiàng)需要引入一個(gè)外在激勵(lì)帶來(lái)的,導(dǎo)致好奇心變少的原因或影響。C項(xiàng)指出:老師和家長(zhǎng)的外在激勵(lì),會(huì)導(dǎo)致死記硬背,這個(gè)是導(dǎo)致好奇心變少的原因。B項(xiàng)指出“宅在家里”并不是外在的不當(dāng)激勵(lì)。D項(xiàng)只是指出有外部壓力,但是沒(méi)有指出外部壓力會(huì)造成什么影響,與好奇心變少無(wú)關(guān)。正確答案為C。

8.單選題

Thoughoftenviewedasaproblemforwesternstates,thegrowingfrequencyofwildfiresisanationalconcernbecauseofitsimpactonfederaltaxdollars,saysProfessorMaxMoritz,aspecialistinfireecologyandmanagement.

In2015,theUSForestServiceforthefirsttimespentmorethanhalfofits$5.5billionannualbudgetfightingfires-nearlydoublethepercentageitspentonsuchefforts20yearsago.Ineffect,fewerfederalfundstodayaregoingtowardstheagency'sotherwork-suchasforestconservation,watershedandculturalresourcesmanagement,andinfrastructureupkeep-thataffectthelivesofallAmericans.

Anothernationwideconcerniswhetherpublicfundsfromotheragenciesaregoingintoconstructioninfire-pronedistricts.AsMoritzputsit,howoftenarefederaldollarsbuildinghomesthatarelikelytobelosttoawildfire?

“It’salreadyahugeproblemfromapublicexpenditureperspectiveforthewholecountry,”hesays.Weneedtotakeamagnifyingglasstothat.Like,“Waitaminute,isthisOK?”“Dowewantinsteadtoredirectthosefundstoconcentrateonlower-hazardpartsofthelandscape?”

SuchaviewwouldrequireacorrespondingshiftinthewayUSsocietytodayviewsfire,researcherssay.

Foronething,conversationsaboutwildfiresneedtobemoreinclusive.Overthepastdecade,thefocushasbeenonclimatechange-h(huán)owthewarmingoftheEarthfromgreenhousegasesisleadingtoconditionsthatworsenfires.

Whileclimateisakeyelement,Moritzsays,itshouldn’tcomeattheexpenseoftherestoftheequation.

“Thehumansystemsandthelandscapesweliveonarelinked,andtheinteractionsgobothways,"hesays.Failingtorecognizethat,henotes,leadsto"anoverlysimplifiedviewofwhatthesolutionsmightbe.Ourperceptionoftheproblemandofwhatthesolutionisbecomesverylimited.”

Atthesametime,peoplecontinuetotreatfireasaneventthatneedstobewhollycontrolledandunleashedonlyoutofnecessity,saysProfessorBalchattheUniversityofColorado.Butacknowledgingfire'sinevitablepresenceinhumanlifeisanattitudecrucialtodevelopingthelaws,policies,andpracticesthatmakeitassafeaspossible,shesays.

“We’vedisconnectedourselvesfromlivingwithfire,”Balchsays.“Itisreallyimportanttounderstandandtryandteaseoutwhatisthehumanconnectionwithfiretoday.”

1.Morefrequentwildfireshavebecomeanationalconcernbecausein2015they(

).

2.Moritzcallsfortheuseof"amagnifyingglass"to

).

3.Whileadmittingthatclimateisakeyelement,Moritznotesthat

).

4.TheoverlysimplifiedviewMoritzmentionsisaresultoffailingto

).

5.ProfessorBalchpointsoutthatfireissomethingmanshould(

).

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exhaustedunprecedentedmanagementefforts

B.consumedarecord-highpercentageofbudget

C.severelydamagedtheecologyofwesternstates

D.causedahugeriseofinfrastructureexpenditure

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.raisemorefundsforfire-proneareas

B.avoidtheredirectionoffederalmoney

C.findwildfire-freepartsofthelandscape

D.guaranteesaferspendingofpublicfunds

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.publicdebateshavenotsettledyet

B.fire-fightingconditionsareimproving

C.otherfactorsshouldnotbeoverlooked

D.ashiftintheviewoffirehastakenplace

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.discoverthefundamentalmakeupofnature

B.explorethemechanismofthehumansystems

C.maximizetheroleoflandscapeinhumanlife

D.understandtheinterrelationsofmanandnature

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.doawaywith

B.cometotermswith

C.payapricefor

D.keepawayfrom

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。本題需要找原因。第一段只說(shuō)明了結(jié)果“Morefrequentwildfireshavebecomeanationalconcern(日益頻發(fā)的野火已成為舉國(guó)關(guān)注的事情)”及原因“itsimpactonfederaltaxdollars(對(duì)聯(lián)邦稅收的巨大影響)”,但沒(méi)有細(xì)說(shuō)影響表現(xiàn)。因此在第二段詳述到“In2015,theUSForestServiceforthefirsttimespentmorethanhalfofits$5.5billionannualbudgetfightingfires…”,2015年美國(guó)林務(wù)局用于消費(fèi)的費(fèi)用首次超過(guò)55億美元年度預(yù)算額的一半,說(shuō)明創(chuàng)了新高。B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由關(guān)鍵詞“Moritz”和“amagnifyingglass”定位到文章第四段第二句“Weneedtotakeamagnifyingglasstothat…”,that指代上文中的ahugeproblem,也就是說(shuō),放大鏡針對(duì)的是“公共開支巨大這一問(wèn)題”。因此D選項(xiàng)“確保公共資金的支出更安全可靠”符合題意。

3.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由關(guān)鍵詞“climateisakeyelement”定位到文章第七段“Whileclimateisakeyelement,itshouldn’tcomeattheexpenseoftherestoftheequation”,雖然氣候是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵因素,但它不應(yīng)該以犧牲其他影響因素為代價(jià)。因此C選項(xiàng)“不應(yīng)忽視其他因素”符合題意。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“theoverlysimplifiedview”定位到文章第八段第二句“Failingtorecognizethat…leadsto‘a(chǎn)noverlysimplifiedviewofwhatthesolutionsmightbe…’”,未能認(rèn)識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)會(huì)導(dǎo)致對(duì)解決方案的看法過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單化。原因在于對(duì)“that”的認(rèn)識(shí)簡(jiǎn)單化,這一點(diǎn)指的是第一句說(shuō)到的thehumansystemsandthelandscapesweliveonarelinked“人類社會(huì)和地理環(huán)境的相互關(guān)聯(lián)”。因此D選項(xiàng)“理解人與自然的相互關(guān)系”符合題意。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“ProfessorBalch”和“fireissomething…”定位到文章第九段第二句“Butacknowledgingfire'sinevitablepresenceinhumanlifeisanattitudecrucialtodevelopingthelaws,policies,andpracticesthatmakeitassafeaspossible,shesays”,但她說(shuō),承認(rèn)火災(zāi)在人類生活中不可避免的存在,是制定盡可能確?;馂?zāi)安全的法律、政策和實(shí)踐的關(guān)鍵態(tài)度。她認(rèn)為火災(zāi)是應(yīng)該接受的事物,對(duì)比分析選項(xiàng),B選項(xiàng)“妥協(xié)接受”符合Balch的觀點(diǎn)。

9.單選題

Thepoorcountriesareextremely(

)tointernationaleconomicfluctuations.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inclined

B.vulnerable

C.attracted

D.reduced

【答案】A

10.單選題

FortenyearstheGreeks(

)thecityofTroytoseparateitfromtheoutside.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.captured

B.occupied

C.destroyed

D.surrounded

【答案】D

11.單選題

Atfirst(

),thefamouspaintingdoesn’timpresstheaudienceatall.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.glance

B.gaze

C.stare

D.view

【答案】A

12.單選題

路上有一個(gè)里程碑,當(dāng)個(gè)徒步旅行者走近它的時(shí)候,面對(duì)她的這一面寫著“21“,而背面寫著“23“。她推測(cè)如果沿著這條路繼續(xù)向前走,下一個(gè)里程碑會(huì)顯示她已經(jīng)走到了這條路的一半的位置。然而她繼續(xù)向前走了1英里后,里程碑面向她的一面是“20“,背面是“24”。

以下哪項(xiàng)如果正確,將能夠解釋以上描述的矛盾?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.下一個(gè)里程碑上的數(shù)字放顛倒了。

B.面向她的這面的數(shù)字指的是抵達(dá)路的終點(diǎn)的英里數(shù),不是指到起點(diǎn)的英里數(shù)

C.里程碑上的數(shù)字指的是公里數(shù),不是英里數(shù)。

D.該旅行者遇到的兩塊里程碑之間丟失了一塊里程碑。

E.設(shè)置里程碑最初是為了騎越野自行車的人使用,而不是為了徒步旅行者。

【答案】B

【解析】矛盾:下一個(gè)里程碑應(yīng)該顯示22,卻顯示為20

a可能性之一,力度弱

b數(shù)字顯示的是與前方目標(biāo)的距離,越來(lái)越近,所以變小

c無(wú)法解釋

d無(wú)法解釋

e無(wú)關(guān)項(xiàng)

13.單選題

哲學(xué)是關(guān)于世界觀、方法論的學(xué)問(wèn)。哲學(xué)的基本問(wèn)題是思維和存在的關(guān)系問(wèn)題,它是在總結(jié)各門具體科學(xué)知識(shí)基礎(chǔ)上形成的,并不是一門具體科學(xué)。因此,經(jīng)驗(yàn)的個(gè)案不能反駁它。

以下哪項(xiàng)如果為真,最能支持以上論述?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.哲學(xué)并不能推演出經(jīng)驗(yàn)的個(gè)案。

B.任何科學(xué)都需要接受經(jīng)驗(yàn)的檢驗(yàn)。

C.具體科學(xué)不研究思維和存在的關(guān)系問(wèn)題。

D.經(jīng)驗(yàn)的個(gè)案只能反駁具體科學(xué)。

E.哲學(xué)可以對(duì)具體科學(xué)提供指導(dǎo)。

【答案】D

【解析】梳理論證結(jié)構(gòu),前提:哲學(xué)不是一門具體科學(xué);結(jié)論:經(jīng)驗(yàn)的個(gè)案不能反駁哲學(xué)。有重復(fù)項(xiàng),優(yōu)先考慮搭橋,需要補(bǔ)上的就是:非具體科學(xué)→經(jīng)驗(yàn)的個(gè)例不能反駁,這樣邏輯才是連貫的,所以正確答案為D。

14.單選題

酸奶作為一種健康食品,既營(yíng)養(yǎng)豐富又美味可口,深受人們的喜愛(ài)。很多人飯后都不忘來(lái)杯酸奶。他們覺(jué)得飯后喝杯酸奶能夠解油膩、助消化。但近日有專家指出,飯后喝酸奶其實(shí)并不能幫助消化。

以下哪項(xiàng)如果為真,最能支持上述專家的觀點(diǎn)?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.足量膳食纖維和維生素B1被人體攝入后可有效促進(jìn)腸胃蠕動(dòng),進(jìn)而促進(jìn)食物消化。但酸奶不含膳食纖維,維生素B1的含量也不豐富。

B.酸奶中的益生菌可以維持腸道消化系統(tǒng)的健康,但是這些菌群大多不耐酸。胃部的強(qiáng)酸環(huán)境會(huì)使其大部分失去活性。

C.酸奶含有一定的糖分,吃飽了飯?jiān)俸人崮虝?huì)加重腸胃負(fù)擔(dān),同時(shí)也使身體增加額外的營(yíng)養(yǎng)。容易導(dǎo)致肥胖。

D.人體消化需消化酶和有規(guī)律的腸胃運(yùn)動(dòng),酸奶中沒(méi)有消化酶,飲用酸奶也不能糾正無(wú)規(guī)律的腸胃運(yùn)動(dòng)。

E.酸奶可以促進(jìn)胃酸分泌,抑制有害菌在腸道內(nèi)繁殖,有助于維持消化系統(tǒng)健康,對(duì)于食物消化能起到間接幫助作用。

【答案】D

【解析】題干論點(diǎn):飯后喝酸奶并不能幫助消化。AB兩項(xiàng)有一定的支持力度,但是力度都不夠,因?yàn)锳項(xiàng)只說(shuō)酸奶的維生素B1不豐富,B項(xiàng)說(shuō)的是大多不耐酸。C項(xiàng)說(shuō)的肥胖的問(wèn)題與題干論點(diǎn)無(wú)關(guān),D項(xiàng)直接加強(qiáng),E項(xiàng)是削弱項(xiàng)。所以,正確答案為選項(xiàng)D。

15.寫作題

Directions:

Supposeyouareorganizinganonlinemeeting.WriteanemailtoJack,aninternationalstudent.

1)invitehimtoparticipate,and

2)tellhimthedetails

YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendofthee-mail.Use"LiMing"instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)

【答案】DearJack,

MynameisLiMing,chairmanoftheStudents’Unioninouruniversity.ItismyhonortoorganizetheforthcomingonlinemeetingonChinese-Europeancultureexchange,andIamwritingthisemailtocordiallyinviteyoutoparticipateinthismeeting.

DuetothewidespreadimpactofthecurrentCOVID-19pandemic,itisbeendecidedthatthismeetingwillbeholdonlineat10amthisSaturday,viathesoftwarecalledTen-centOnline.Wearehopingthatyoucouldgiveusa15-minutetalkaboutthecultureinyourmotherland,oranycultureshockyouhaveexperiencedaftercomingtoChina.Itdoesn’thavetobeaformalone,butIbelieveitwilldefinitelybecomemeaningfulinformationforusall.

Wetrulyhopeyoucouldgivemeafavorablereply,andleaveusawonderfulmemoryinthismeeting.

Sincerelyyours,【解析】親愛(ài)的杰克,

我叫李明,我們大學(xué)學(xué)生會(huì)主席。我很榮幸組織即將召開的中歐文化交流在線會(huì)議,我寫這封郵件是為了誠(chéng)摯地邀請(qǐng)您參加這次會(huì)議。

由于目前的COVID-19疫情影響廣泛,會(huì)議決定于本周六上午10點(diǎn)通過(guò)名為騰訊在線的軟件在線舉行。我們希望您能準(zhǔn)備15分鐘的演講,談?wù)勀鎳?guó)的文化,或者您來(lái)中國(guó)后所經(jīng)歷的任何文化沖擊。它不必是一個(gè)正式的演說(shuō),但我相信它一定會(huì)成為對(duì)所有人有意義的信息。

我們真誠(chéng)地希望您能給我一個(gè)正面的答復(fù),并在這次會(huì)議上給我們留下美好的回憶。

您真誠(chéng)的16.單選題

某單位有甲、乙、丙、丁、戊、己、庚、辛、壬、癸10名新進(jìn)員工,他們所學(xué)專業(yè)是哲學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)、化學(xué)、金融和會(huì)計(jì)5個(gè)專業(yè)之一,每人只學(xué)其中一個(gè)專業(yè)。已知:

(1)若甲、丙、壬、癸中至多有3人是數(shù)學(xué)專業(yè),則丁、庚、辛3人都是化學(xué)專業(yè);

(2)若乙、戊、己中至多有2人是哲學(xué)專業(yè),則甲、丙、庚、辛4人專業(yè)各不相同。

根據(jù)_上述信息,所學(xué)專業(yè)相同的新員工是

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.乙、戊、己

B.甲、壬、癸

C.丙、丁、癸

D.丙、戊、己

E.丁、庚、辛

【答案】A

【解析】①②必定矛盾,

①甲、丙、壬、癸至多3人數(shù)學(xué)→丁、庚、辛3人化學(xué)

②乙、戊、己至多2人哲學(xué)→甲、丙、庚、辛4人專業(yè)不同

得:

①≤3加非,>3,4人同專業(yè),→甲、丙、庚、辛、壬、癸都學(xué)數(shù)學(xué),→丁不是化學(xué),+②乙、戊、己都是哲學(xué),只有三個(gè)專業(yè),與題干矛盾。

②≤2加非,>2,3人同專業(yè),

17.單選題

Forestsgiveusshade,quietandoneoftheharderchallengesinthefightagainstclimatechange.Evenaswehumanscountonforeststosoakupagoodshareofthecarbondioxideweproduce,wearethreateningtheirabilitytodoso.Theclimatechangewearehasteningcouldonedayleaveuswithforeststhatemitmorecarbonthantheyabsorb.

Thankfully,thereisawayoutofthistrap—butitinvolvesstrikingasubtlebalance.Helpingforestsflourishasvaluable“carbonsinks”longintothefuturemayrequirereducingtheircapacitytosequestercarbonnow.Californiaisleadingtheway,asitdoesonsomanyclimateefforts,infiguringoutthedetails.

Thestate’sproposedForestCarbonPlanaimstodoubleeffortstothinoutyoungtreesandclearbrushinpartsoftheforest,includingbycontrolledburning.Thistemporarilylowerscarbon―carryingcapacity.Buttheremainingtreesdrawagreatershareoftheavailablemoisture,sotheygrowandthrive,restoringtheforest’scapacitytopullcarbonfromtheair.Healthytreesarealsobetterabletofendoffbarkbeetles.Thelandscapeisrenderedlesscombustible.Evenintheeventofafire,fewertreesareconsumed.

Theneedforsuchplanningisincreasinglyurgent.Already,since2010,droughtandbeetleshavekilledmorethan100milliontreesinCalifornia,mostofthemin2016alone,andwildfireshavescorchedhundredsofthousandsofacres.

California’splanenvisionstreating35,000acresofforestayearby2020,and60,000by2030—financedfromtheproceedsofthestate’semissions-permitauctions.That’sonlyasmallshareofthetotalacreagethatcouldbenefit,anestimatedhalfamillionacresinall,soitwillbeimportanttoprioritizeareasatgreatestriskoffireordrought.

Thestrategyalsoaimstoensurethatcarboninwoodymaterialremovedfromtheforestsislockedawayintheformofsolidlumber,burnedasbiofuelinvehiclesthatwouldotherwiserunonfossilfuels,orusedincompostoranimalfeed.Newresearchontransportationbiofuelsisunderway,andthestateplanstoencouragelumberproductionclosetoforestlands.Infuturethestateproposestotakeaninventoryofitsforests’carbon-storingcapacityeveryfiveyears.

Stategovernmentsarewellaccustomedtomanagingforests,includingthoseownedbytheU.S.ForestService,buttraditionallythey’vefocusedonwildlife,watershedsandopportunitiesforrecreation.Onlyrecentlyhavetheycometoseethevitalpartforestswillhavetoplayinstoringcarbon.California’splan,whichisexpectedtobefinalizedbythegovernorearlynextyear,shouldserveasamodel.

1.Bysaying“oneoftheharderchallenges,”theauthorimpliesthat(

).

2.Tomaintainforestsasvaluable“carbonsinks,”wemayneedto

).

3.California’sForestCarbonPlanendeavorsto

).

4.WhatisessentialtoCalifornia’splanaccordingtoParagraph5?

5.Theauthor’sattitudetoCalifornia’splancanbestbedescribedas(

).

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.forestsmaybecomeapotentialthreat

B.peoplemaymisunderstandglobalwarming

C.extremeweatherconditionsmayarise

D.globalclimatechangemaygetoutofcontrol

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.lowertheirpresentcarbon-absorbingcapacity

B.strikeabalanceamongdifferentplants

C.acceleratethegrowthofyoungtrees

D.preservethediversityofspeciesinthem

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.cultivatemoredrought-resistanttrees

B.findmoreeffectivewaystokillinsects

C.reducethedensityofsomeofitsforests

D.restoreitsforestsquicklyafterwildfires

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Tocarryitoutbeforetheyearof2020.

B.Tohandletheareasinseriousdangerfirst.

C.Toperfecttheemissions-permitauctions

D.Toobtainenoughfinancialsupport.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.ambiguous

B.tolerant

C.cautious

D.supportive

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。由關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章首段中“Forestsgiveusshade…carbondioxideweproduce,wearethreateningtheirabilitytodoso.”森林為我們提供了陰涼、寧?kù)o的環(huán)境,也是應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化斗爭(zhēng)中艱巨的挑戰(zhàn)之一。第一段最后一句說(shuō)了“森林是挑戰(zhàn)之一”的原因“Theclimatechangewearehasteningcouldonedayleaveuswithforeststhatemitmorecarbonthantheyabsorb.”我們正在加速的氣候變化有一天可能會(huì)讓我們的森林排放的碳超過(guò)它們吸收的碳,因此森林可能成為潛在的微威脅,A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第二段第二句說(shuō)到“Helpingforestsflourishasvaluable“carbonsinks”longintothefuturemayrequirereducingtheircapacitytosequestercarbonnow”,可知,在未來(lái)很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間內(nèi),幫助森林作為有價(jià)值的“碳匯”而蓬勃發(fā)展,可能需要降低它們現(xiàn)在的固碳能力。reduce對(duì)應(yīng)lower,因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第三

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無(wú)特殊說(shuō)明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁(yè)內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒(méi)有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒(méi)有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫(kù)網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對(duì)用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對(duì)用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

評(píng)論

0/150

提交評(píng)論