書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京理工大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

LegislativesuccesswillcomeifMr.Obamaisskillfulpoliticallyandisabletowranglesupport

（）keylegislators（）keymomentsintheprocess.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.from,at

B.between,and

C.from,to

D.outof,on

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)搭配。supportfrom“來(lái)自……的支持”，supportfromkeylegislators“來(lái)自主要議員的支持”；atkeymoment“在關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻”，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Withtheburgeoningofscientificknowledge,workontheneweditionofatextbookbeginssoonaftercompletionoftheoriginal.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.emerging

B.culminating

C.limiting

D.developing

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。句意：隨著科學(xué)知識(shí)的迅速發(fā)展，在原教科書(shū)完成后不久，就開(kāi)始編寫(xiě)新版本的教科書(shū)。A選項(xiàng)emerging“走向成熟的，新興的”；B選項(xiàng)culminating“達(dá)到頂點(diǎn)，告終”；C選項(xiàng)limiting“限制的，局限的”；D選項(xiàng)developing“發(fā)展中的”。burgeoning意為“迅速發(fā)展的，繁榮的”，選項(xiàng)A與之意思最為相近，代入符合語(yǔ)境。

3.單選題

InthisageofInternetchat,videogamesandrealitytelevision,thereisnoshortageofmindlessactivitiestokeepachildoccupied.Yet,despitethecompetition,my8-year-olddaughterRebeccawantstospendherleisuretimewritingshortstories.Shewantstoenteroneofherstoriesintoawritingcontest,acompetitionshewonlastyear.

AsawriterIknowaboutwinningcontest,andaboutlosingthem.Iknowwhatitisliketoworkhardonastoryonlytoreceivearejectionslipfromthepublisher.Ialsoknowthepressuresoftryingtoliveuptoareputationcreatedbypreviousvictories.Whatifshedoesn’twinthecontestagain?That’sthestrangethingaboutbeingapparent.Somanyofourownpastscarsanddashedhopescansurface.

ArevelationcamelastweekwhenIaskedher,“...Don’tyouwanttowinagain?”“No”,shereplied.“Ijustwanttotellthestoryofanangelgoingtofirstgrade.”

Ihadjustspentweekscorrectingherstoriesasshespontaneouslytoldthem.TellingmyselfthatIwasmerelyanexperiencedwriterguidingtheyoungwriteracrossthehall,Iofferedsuggestionsforcharacters,conflictsandendingsforhertales.Thestoryaboutafearfulangelstartingfirstgradewasquickly,“guided”bymeintothetaleofalittlegirlwithawildimaginationtakingherfirstmusiclesson.Ihadturnedhercontestintomycontestwithoutevenrealizingit.

Stayingbackandgivingkidsspacetogrowisnotaseasyasitlooks.BecauseIknowverylittleaboutfarmanimalswhousetoolsorangelswhogotofirstgrade,Ihadtoacceptthefactthatwasco-optingmydaughter’sexperience.

Whilesteppingbackwasdifficultforme,itwascertainlyagoodfirststepthatIwillquicklyfollowwithmoresteps,puttingmyselffarenoughawaytogiveherroombutcloseenoughtohelpifasked.AllthewhileIwillberemindingmyselfthatchildrenneedroomtoexperiment,growandfindtheirownvoices.

1.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

2.Whatdidtheauthorsayaboutherownwritingexperience?

3.WhydidRebeccawanttoenterthisyear’swritingcontest?

4.Theauthortookgreatpaintstorefineherdaughter’sstoriesbecause（）.

5.What’stheauthor’sadviceforparents?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Childrendofindlotsoffuninmanymindlessactivities.

B.Rebeccaismuchtoooccupiedtoenjoyherleisuretime.

C.Rebeccadrawsonalotofonlinematerialsforherwriting.

D.Alotofdistractionscompleteforchildren’stimenowadays.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Shedidnotquiteliveuptoherreputationasawriter.

B.Herwaytosuccesswasfullofpainsandfrustrations.

C.Shewasconstantlyunderpressureofwritingmore.

D.Mostofherstorieshadbeenrejectedbypublishers.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Shebelievedshepossessedrealtalentforwriting.

B.Shewassureofwinningwithhermother’shelp.

C.Shewantedtoshareherstorieswithreaders.

D.Shehadwonaprizeinthepreviouscontest.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.shebelievedshehadtheknowledgeandexperiencetoofferguidance

B.shedidnotwanttodisappointRebeccawhoneededherhelpsomuch

C.shewastohelpRebeccarealizeherdreamsofbecomingawriter

D.shewasafraidRebecca’simaginationmightrunwildwhilewriting

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Awritingcareer,thoughattractive,isnotforeverychildtopursue.

B.Childrenshouldbeallowedfreedomtogrowthroughexperience.

C.Parentsshouldkeepaneyeontheactivitiestheirkidsengagein.

D.Childrenshouldbegiveneverychancetovoicetheiropinion.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第一句，“InthisageofInternetchat,videogamesandrealitytelevision,thereisnoshortageofmindlessactivitiestokeepachildoccupied.”，在這個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)聊天、電子游戲和電視真人秀的時(shí)代，總有讓孩子可以做的事情，并且這些活動(dòng)不需要?jiǎng)幽X。可判斷出現(xiàn)在孩子們的時(shí)間完全被許多干擾因素占據(jù)了。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“AsawriterIknowaboutwinningcontest,andaboutlosingthem.Iknowwhatitisliketoworkhardonastoryonlytoreceivearejectionslipfromthepublisher.Ialsoknowthepressuresoftryingtoliveuptoareputationcreatedbypreviousvictories.”，作為一名作家，我知道什么是成功，什么是失敗。我知道努力寫(xiě)一篇文章卻收到出版商的退稿單是什么感覺(jué)。我也知道我承受著巨大的壓力，為的是不辜負(fù)過(guò)去的勝利帶來(lái)的榮譽(yù)。可判斷出作者的寫(xiě)作經(jīng)歷充滿痛苦和挫折。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Ijustwanttotellthestoryofanangelgoingtofirstgrade.”，她只是想把一個(gè)關(guān)于天使上一年級(jí)的故事講給別人聽(tīng)?？膳袛喑鳆愗惪ㄏ?yún)⒓訉?xiě)作比賽的原因在于她想和讀者分享她的故事。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“TellingmyselfthatIwasmerelyanexperiencedwriterguidingtheyoungwriteracrossthehall,Iofferedsuggestionsforcharacters,conflictsandendingsforhertales.”，我告訴自己，我只是一個(gè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的作家，引導(dǎo)著年輕的作家穿過(guò)大廳，為她的故事提供人物、沖突和結(jié)局方面的建議。可判斷出作者幫助女兒改善故事的原因在于她相信自己有知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)可以提供指導(dǎo)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一句，“AllthewhileIwillberemindingmyselfthatchildrenneedroomtoexperiment,growandfindtheirownvoices.”，我也會(huì)提醒自己，孩子們需要實(shí)驗(yàn)的空間，需要成長(zhǎng)的空間，需要擁有表達(dá)自我的聲音。可判斷出作者建議父母應(yīng)該讓孩子們通過(guò)自己的經(jīng)歷，自由成長(zhǎng)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.單選題

—Excuseme,sir.Wouldyoudomeafavor?

—Ofcourse.Whatisit?

—I______ifyoucouldtellmehowtofilloutthisform.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hadwondered

B.waswondering

C.wouldwonder

D.hadbeenwondering

【答案】B

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法。wonder表示“想知道，感到疑惑”，后面接if或者whether可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，常用來(lái)表示一種委婉的請(qǐng)求或者疑問(wèn)。這個(gè)句子表達(dá)的是一種委婉的請(qǐng)求，根據(jù)之前的語(yǔ)境可知，這里表達(dá)的是“我剛剛一直在想……”，所以要用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，B項(xiàng)符合。A項(xiàng)是過(guò)去完成時(shí)，D項(xiàng)是過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，但是句子并不是基于事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去的一個(gè)狀態(tài)，所以A、D選項(xiàng)排除。C選項(xiàng)表示將來(lái)。句意：我想知道您能否告訴我如何填寫(xiě)這張表格。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

5.單選題

Afterdecidingonaspecificareaofadvancedstudy,prospectivestudentsmustresolvewhethertoaimatamaster’soraPh.D.（1）theacceleratingcomplexityofwhatanengineermustknow,manyemployershave（2）toregardamaster’sdegreeasminimumtraining.Therefore,thetypicaltwoyearsrequiredtoearnanM.S.（3）ausefulinvestmentoftime,energyandmoney.Enrolling（4）doctoralprogramswhichcould（5）outforseveralyears-involvesamuchgreater（6）oftimeandthelossoftheopportunitytoearnapay-check,nottomentionconsiderablygreaterriskofunemployment.Aspecialtythatis,（7）whenastudentsetsoffontheroadtowardaPh.D.couldbein（8）bythetimethatindividualgraduates.Still,earningadoctoratecanleadtojobsthathavearesearchfocusandrequireaveryhighlevelofsophistication.

Thedoctoraldegreecanalsooffergreaterprofessional（9）,asCollinHitchcockrealizes.Hitchcock,isinaPh.D.programinelectrical,computer,andsystemsengineeringatRensselaerPolytechnicInstituteinTroy,NY.Hisresearchproject:studyingsemiconductorsinsolarcells.“Thereprobablywon’tbealotofjobsdoingresearchwithsolarcellswhenIgraduate,butIcouldshift（10）tootherkindsofsemiconductors.”saysHitchcock.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Concerning

B.Regarding

C.Given

D.Including

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.insisted

B.come

C.managed

D.got

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.supposes

B.terms

C.signs

D.represents

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.over

B.at

C.in

D.by

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.run

B.stretch

C.turn

D.last

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.commitment

B.spending

C.waste

D.dedication

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.depressing

B.acceptable

C.booming

D.promising

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.favor

B.decline

C.decrease

D.common

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.option

B.performance

C.flexibility

D.level

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.links

B.gears

C.steer

D.windscreen

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:A

第7題:C

第8題:B

第9題:C

第10題:B

【解析】第1題:考查介詞辨析與上下文語(yǔ)義。A項(xiàng)concerning“關(guān)于，就……而言”，B項(xiàng)regarding“關(guān)于，至于”，C項(xiàng)given“考慮到”，D項(xiàng)including“包括”。上文提到prospectivestudentsmustresolvewhethertoaimatamaster’soraPh.D.（畢業(yè)生必須決定是否繼續(xù)攻讀碩士學(xué)位或是博士學(xué)位），接著下文提到theacceleratingcomplexityofwhatanengineermustknow（工程師必須知道的東西越來(lái)越復(fù)雜），可知，上下文具有因果關(guān)系，故選given合適。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析和固定搭配。A項(xiàng)insist“堅(jiān)持，強(qiáng)調(diào)”，一般與on搭配，insiston表示“堅(jiān)持”；B項(xiàng)come“開(kāi)始，出現(xiàn)”；C項(xiàng)manage“管理，經(jīng)營(yíng)”，managetodo表示“掙扎做某事，設(shè)法完成某事”；D項(xiàng)get“得到”。根據(jù)句子manyemployershave（）toregardamaster’sdegreeasminimumtraining可知，cometoregard…as固定用法表示“把……當(dāng)作，認(rèn)為……是”。句意：鑒于工程師必須知道的知識(shí)越來(lái)越復(fù)雜，許多雇主開(kāi)始把碩士學(xué)位視為最低限度的培訓(xùn)。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)suppose“假定，認(rèn)為”，B項(xiàng)term“把……叫作”，C項(xiàng)sign“簽署，示意”，D項(xiàng)represent“代表，表現(xiàn)”。根據(jù)句子Therefore,thetypicaltwoyearsrequiredtoearnanM.S.（）ausefulinvestmentoftime,energyandmoney.可知，空格后面的句子“對(duì)時(shí)間、精力和金錢的有益投資”是對(duì)前面句子“獲得理科碩士學(xué)位通常需要兩年時(shí)間”的進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充解釋，所以D項(xiàng)符合。句意：因此，獲得碩士學(xué)位通常需要兩年時(shí)間，這是對(duì)時(shí)間、精力和金錢的有益投資。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:考查介詞辨析與固定用法。A項(xiàng)over“超過(guò)”，B項(xiàng)at“在”，C項(xiàng)in“在……里”，D項(xiàng)by“通過(guò)”。根據(jù)空格前面的enroll可知，enrollin固定搭配，表示“參加，加入”。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:考查介詞辨析與固定用法。A項(xiàng)run“跑”，runout表示“用完，耗盡”；B項(xiàng)stretch“伸展，拉緊”，stretchout表示“伸出，伸展”；C項(xiàng)turn“轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，翻過(guò)來(lái)”，turnout表示“最后是，結(jié)果是”；D項(xiàng)last“持續(xù)”，lastout表示“經(jīng)受住，支持下去”。根據(jù)句子Enrollingindoctoralprogramswhichcould（）outforseveralyears-involvesamuchgreater…oftimeandthelossoftheopportunitytoearnapay-check,nottomentionconsiderablygreaterriskofunemployment.可知，空格后面列舉了三種可能性：投入更多的時(shí)間，失去賺錢的機(jī)會(huì)，失業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更大；因此A、D選項(xiàng)可以排除，C項(xiàng)表示結(jié)果，B項(xiàng)表示延伸出的可能性。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

第6題:考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)commitment“承諾，花費(fèi)金錢時(shí)間等”，B項(xiàng)spending“花費(fèi)，度過(guò)”，C項(xiàng)waste“浪費(fèi)”，D項(xiàng)dedication“奉獻(xiàn)，獻(xiàn)身”。根據(jù)句子Enrollingindoctoralprogramswhichcouldstretchoutforseveralyears-involvesamuchgreater（）oftimeandthelossoftheopportunitytoearnapay-check,nottomentionconsiderablygreaterriskofunemployment.（攻讀可能持續(xù)數(shù)年的博士課程——包括更多的（）時(shí)間和失去掙工資的機(jī)會(huì)，更不用說(shuō)更大的失業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)），結(jié)合空格前面提到攻讀博士需要數(shù)年，可知空格部分應(yīng)該表示“時(shí)間上的花費(fèi)/投入”，C項(xiàng)可以排除；D項(xiàng)不能與time搭配，D項(xiàng)排除；B項(xiàng)主要指開(kāi)支；因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

第7題:考查詞義辨析和上下文語(yǔ)義。A項(xiàng)depressing“沮喪，蕭條”，B項(xiàng)acceptable“可接受的”，C項(xiàng)booming“增長(zhǎng)，繁榮”，D項(xiàng)promising“有前途的”。根據(jù)句子Aspecialtythatis,（）whenastudentsetsoffontheroadtowardaPh.D.couldbein（）bythetimethatindividualgraduates.（當(dāng)一個(gè)學(xué)生開(kāi)始攻讀博士學(xué)位的時(shí)候，這個(gè)專業(yè)是……這個(gè)專業(yè)可能在畢業(yè)的時(shí)候……）可知，這個(gè)句子前后表示對(duì)比，兩個(gè)空格處應(yīng)該填入相反的詞語(yǔ)，根據(jù)第二個(gè)空格的選項(xiàng)可知，該題可排除A、B選項(xiàng)；把C、D選項(xiàng)分別代入，可知C項(xiàng)更符合句意。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

第8題:考查詞義辨析和上下文語(yǔ)義。A項(xiàng)favor“支持”，B項(xiàng)decline“下降，衰落”，C項(xiàng)decrease“減少，減小”，D項(xiàng)common“普通”。根據(jù)句子Aspecialtythatis,boomingwhenastudentsetsoffontheroadtowardaPh.D.couldbein（）bythetimethatindividualgraduates.（當(dāng)一個(gè)學(xué)生剛開(kāi)始攻讀博士學(xué)位時(shí)，這個(gè)專業(yè)還在蓬勃發(fā)展，但到他畢業(yè)的時(shí)候，這個(gè)專業(yè)可能已經(jīng)在……）可知，這個(gè)句子前后表示對(duì)比，空格處應(yīng)該和booming相反的詞語(yǔ)，只有B項(xiàng)正確。句意：當(dāng)一個(gè)學(xué)生剛開(kāi)始攻讀博士學(xué)位時(shí)，這個(gè)專業(yè)還在蓬勃發(fā)展，但到他畢業(yè)的時(shí)候，這個(gè)專業(yè)可能已經(jīng)在衰落了。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

第9題:考查名詞辨析與上下文語(yǔ)義。A項(xiàng)option“選擇”，B項(xiàng)performance“表現(xiàn)”，C項(xiàng)flexibility“靈活性”，D項(xiàng)level“水平”。根據(jù)句子Thedoctoraldegreecanalsooffergreaterprofessional（）（博士學(xué)位也可以提供更大的專業(yè)……）可知，A、B選項(xiàng)不符合句意；這句話是Hitchcock在文中說(shuō)的，根據(jù)他下文講述的一句話Thereprobablywon’tbealotofjobsdoingresearchwithsolarcellswhenIgraduate,butIcouldshift（）tootherkindsofsemiconductors.（當(dāng)我畢業(yè)時(shí)，可能不會(huì)有很多關(guān)于太陽(yáng)能電池的研究工作，但我可以轉(zhuǎn)向……到其他種類的半導(dǎo)體），結(jié)合這句話，可知，本題空格處應(yīng)該表示“靈活性”。句意：博士學(xué)位也可以提供更大的專業(yè)靈活性。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

第10題:考查詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)link“聯(lián)系，關(guān)系”，B項(xiàng)gear“工具，傳動(dòng)裝置”，C項(xiàng)steer“控制，掌舵”，D項(xiàng)windscreen“擋風(fēng)玻璃”。根據(jù)句子Thereprobablywon’tbealotofjobsdoingresearchwithsolarcellswhenIgraduate,butIcouldshift（）tootherkindsofsemiconductors.（當(dāng)我畢業(yè)時(shí)，可能不會(huì)有很多關(guān)于太陽(yáng)能電池的研究工作，但我可以轉(zhuǎn)向……到其他種類的半導(dǎo)體）可知，shiftgears固定用法，表示“變速，改變方式”。句意：當(dāng)我畢業(yè)時(shí)，可能不會(huì)有很多關(guān)于太陽(yáng)能電池的研究工作，但我可以轉(zhuǎn)向其他種類的半導(dǎo)體。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

______wastoreturntoschool.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thatreallyinterestedhim

B.Whatreallyinterestedhim

C.Whichreallyinterestedhim

D.Thatinteresthimreally

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.Thatreallyinterestedhim這讓他很感興趣B.Whatreallyinterestedhim讓他很感興趣的是

C.Whichreallyinterestedhim哪一個(gè)讓他很感興趣D.Thatinteresthimreally這讓他很感興趣

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】主語(yǔ)從句。

【解題思路】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子缺少一個(gè)主語(yǔ)，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知空格處為一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句。That引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，從句的成分應(yīng)該完整，that在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分。而本句中，從句缺少主語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，因此排除that。which與what的區(qū)別在于，which有選擇性，在給出幾個(gè)已知選項(xiàng)時(shí)，可用which，而what不需要；但是結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知主語(yǔ)從句并沒(méi)有選擇性，所以該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)由解題思路可知，不符合句子語(yǔ)法。

【句意】真正使他感興趣的是回到學(xué)校。

7.單選題

Theteamleaderofmountainclimbersmarkedout（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thatseemedtobethebestroute

B.whatseemedtobethebestroute

C.whichseemedtobetilebestroute

D.somethingthattobethebestroute

【答案】B

【解析】本句缺少的成分是賓語(yǔ)從句，只有選項(xiàng)B能作為賓語(yǔ)從句。that一般引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句；選項(xiàng)C缺少先行詞；選項(xiàng)D用法不正確，所以本題選B。

8.單選題

Attheweddingceremony,thebridegroomandhisbrideexchangedringsasa______oftheirlove.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.present

B.token

C.mark

D.sign

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.present禮物；禮品B.token象征；標(biāo)志

C.mark污點(diǎn)；污漬D.sign跡象；征兆

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)thebridegroomandhisbrideexchangedrings（新郎和新娘交換了戒指）可推知，交換戒指是愛(ài)情的象征，故該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】在婚禮上，新郎和新娘交換了戒指作為他們愛(ài)情的象征。

9.單選題

Theglobaleconomyisinitsworstdownturnsincethe1930s.WTOeconomistsforeseeabumpyyearahead.Theirforecastfor2020estimatesthatthevolumeofglobalmerchandisetradewilltumblebybetween13and32percentcomparedtothepreviousyear.Thedepthofthefallwilldependontwomainfactors:one,howlongittakestobringthepandemicundercontrol;andtwo,thepoliciesgovernmentsimplement-domesticallyandattheinternationallevel-tomitigateitseconomicconsequences.

Thisunderscoreswhyinternationalcooperationtokeepglobalmarketsopenforgoodsandservicesismoreimportantthanever.AstheworldfightstheCOVID-19pandemic,maintainingopensupplylineswillfacilitateaccesstomedicalproductsandfood.Restrictingtradeanddisruptingestablishedsupplychainswillmakeithardertorampupthemanufactureofmuch-neededprotectiveequipment,testingkits,ventilatorsandotheressentials.Inthelongerrun,aturntowardsprotectionismwillslowdowntheglobaleconomicrecovery,tothedetrimentofallcountries,mostdamaginglyforthepoorest.

Whethertosafeguardpublichealthortoreviveeconomicactivity,itisonlythroughcollectiveactionthatwecanrespondeffectivelytotheCOVID-19crisis.Itisessentialthatgovernmentsandinternationalorganizationsworktogether.TheWTOiscommittedtodoingitsparttofostersuchcooperation.Onekeyaspectofthisistransparency-wehavesteppedupmonitoringandinformation-sharingtoallowallparticipantsinworldtradetokeeptrackofCOVID-relatedmeasuresgovernmentshaveintroducedtofacilitateorrestricttrade.TheWTOwillalsoserveasaforumformemberstoshareviewsandcoordinateactionontradepoliciesaseconomiesemergefromthecrisis.

Priortothepandemic,theyear2019hadbeenmarkedbystrongactivityattheWTOintermsoftradenegotiations.Talksonreducingfisheriessubsidiesregisteredfurtherprogress,andmemberscontinueddiscussionsonarangeofissuesinagriculture.Inparallelwiththesemultilateralnegotiations,groupsofWTOmemberstooksubstantialstepsforwardininitiativesseekingtowritenewrulesfore-commerce,facilitatinginvestmentfordevelopment,domesticregulationoftradeinservices,andmicro,smallandmedium-sizedenterprises.Theinitiatives,whichremainopentotheentiremembership,drewinterestfromagrowingnumberofmembers.

Memberswilldeterminehowandwhentotakethesenegotiatingprocessesforwardinlightofthepublichealthandeconomicsituation.Inasimilarvein,theyarealreadydeliberatingonoptionsforholdingour12thMinisterialConference,whichcouldnotbeheldasoriginallyscheduledinNur-Sultan,Kazakhstan,inJune2020becauseofthepandemic.

DiscussionsontheongoingprocessofWTOreformalsogainedmomentumoverthecourseoftheyear.Furtherprogresswillnowalsohavetotakeaccountoftheevolvinghealthandeconomicsituation.ThereformprocesshasneverthelessalwaysbeenaimedatstrengtheningandimprovingthefunctioningofthesystemtomaketheWTOmoreeffectiveandmoreresponsivetomembers'needs.Amidthesocialandeconomicdistresssharedbybillionsofpeople,someoftheseneedshavebecomepainfullyclear.AkeygoalofWTOreformmustbetoensurethattheorganizationisproperlyequippedtocontributetotheeconomicrecoveryofallmembers.

AkeyconcernistheproperfunctioningoftheWTO'sdisputesettlementsystem,giventheimpasseintheappointmentofAppellateBodymembers.TheimportanceWTOmembersattachtotheinstitution'sdisputesettlementfunctionwasunderscoredbythehighest-everlevelofactivityseenin2019,with23disputesettlementreportsanddecisionsissuedduringthecourseoftheyear.Atthesametime,lateintheyear,memberscouldnotreachconsensusonasetofproposalsputforwardbythethen-chairoftheDisputeSettlementBodyinanattempttoaddressconcernsaboutthefunctioningoftheAppellateBody.Iencouragememberstoconsiderthecompromisestheywouldbewillingtomaketomaintainavitaltwo-stepreviewprocessforthesettlementoftradedisputesandtoavoidtheprospectofblockedrulingsandunilateralretaliation.

AnotherimportantfunctionoftheWTOisourworktoassistdevelopingcountriestogainabetterunderstandingofhowbesttomakethemultilateraltradingsystemandtheWTOrulebookworkforthem.In2019,theWTOorganizedtrainingcoursesforover18,000governmentofficials,enhancingtheirknow-howandskillstohelptheirrespectivecountriesplayamoreactiveroleinworldtrade.TheWTOalsohostedtheGlobalReviewofAidforTrade,aWTO-ledinitiativeaimedatimprovingthetradingcapacityofdevelopingandleast-developedcountries.Thethree-dayeventbroughtover1,500participantstoourheadquarterstoshareideasandlookatexamplesofhowtargetedtechnicalandfinancialsupporthashelpedcountriesusetradetobolstereconomicdiversificationandempowerment.

OthereventsheldattheWTOin2019includedourannualPublicForum,whichattractedarecordnumberofparticipants-over2,500from126countries-todiscusshowtradeshouldadapttoachangingworld.Thefirst-everWorldCottonDaybroughtministersandkeyplayersinthecottonindustrytoWTOheadquarterstoaddressthechallengesfacedbycottonfarmersandtheimportanceofthesectorincontributingtopovertyreductionindevelopingcountries.TheWTOalsohostedanInternationalForumonFoodSafetyandTradealongsidetheUNFoodandAgricultureOrganizationandtheWorldHealthOrganization.

Cooperationandsolidarityamonggovernmentsandinternationalorganizationswillbeessentialfortheworldtounitetotacklethecoronaviruspandemicandpreparethefoundationsforeconomicrevival.Tradewillhaveavitalroletoplayinmakingastrong,sustainableandsociallyinclusiverecovery.WeattheWTOarecommittedtodoingourpart.

1.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword"mitigate"inParagraph1?

2.Whenandwherewasthe12thMinisterialConferenceoriginallyscheduled?

3.Whichgenremightthispassagebelongto?

4.Whichissueisnotmentionedinthispassage?

5.Accordingtothepassage,howcanwerespondeffectivelytotheCOVID-19?

6.Whichwordcouldbeusedtodescribethetoneofthepassage?

7.WhichofthefollowingisnottrueabouttheWTO'sdisputesettlementsystem?

8.Wecoulddrawfromthepassageexceptthat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.alleviate

B.make

C.create

D.findout

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.InTurkey,in2020

B.InKazakhstan,in2021

C.InKazakhstan,in2020

D.InTurkey,in2021

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Anovel

B.Aspeech

C.Anewsreport

D.Amemoir

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.tradenegotiations

B.fisheriessubsidies

C.multilateraltradingsystem

D.governmentprocurement

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.governmentpolicies

B.aturntowardsprotectionism

C.collectiveaction

D.WTOreform

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.humorous

B.cool-headed

C.agitative

D.distressed

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.ThereissomeimpasseintheappointmentofAppellateBodymembers.

B.Theimportanceofitsfunctionwasunderscoredin2019.

C.Itcouldnotreachconsensusonasetofproposals.

D.Ithasnothingtodowiththesettlementoftradedisputesnow.

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.protectionismwillmostdamaginglydestructeconomicrecoveryinthepoorestcountries.

B.transparencyisthemostimportantfactortohaveinternationalcooperation.

C.in2019theWTOhadbeenveryactiveinpromotingtradenegotiations.

D.theissueofdevelopingeconomystatusisslightlydiscussedinthepassage．

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:C

第6題:B

第7題:D

第8題:D

【解析】1.詞義題。對(duì)于"mitigate"一詞的理解可參考其所在句意：（全球商品貿(mào)易量）下降的深度將取決于兩個(gè)主要因素:一是控制疫情需要多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間;二是為了…其帶來(lái)的經(jīng)濟(jì)影響，政府在國(guó)內(nèi)和國(guó)際層面實(shí)施的政策。由此推測(cè)，mitigate表示“減輕，緩和”之意，故選A項(xiàng)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第五段指出：Inasimilarvein,theyarealreadydeliberatingonoptionsforholdingour12thMinisterialConference,whichcouldnotbeheldasoriginallyscheduledinNur-Sultan,Kazakhstan,inJune2020becauseofthepandemic（同樣，他們已經(jīng)在審議召開(kāi)我們第十二屆部長(zhǎng)級(jí)會(huì)議的備選方案。由于這一流行病，我們無(wú)法按照原定計(jì)劃于2020年6月在哈薩克斯坦努爾蘇丹舉行第12屆部長(zhǎng)級(jí)會(huì)議）。

3.主旨大意題。本片文章主要講的是世貿(mào)組織對(duì)2019年所做工作的總結(jié)以及采取的新冠肺炎相關(guān)措施，因此本篇屬于B項(xiàng)“演講稿”。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是：以下哪項(xiàng)未被文章提及？A:貿(mào)易談判。B:漁業(yè)補(bǔ)貼。C:多邊貿(mào)易體系。D:政府采購(gòu)業(yè)務(wù)。第四段指出：在大流行之前，2019年世界貿(mào)易組織在貿(mào)易談判方面開(kāi)展了大量活動(dòng)。有關(guān)減少漁業(yè)補(bǔ)貼的談判取得進(jìn)一步進(jìn)展，委員繼續(xù)就農(nóng)業(yè)方面的一系列問(wèn)題進(jìn)行討論。在這些多邊談判的同時(shí)，世貿(mào)組織成員團(tuán)體在尋求為電子商務(wù)制定新規(guī)則、促進(jìn)發(fā)展投資、服務(wù)貿(mào)易的國(guó)內(nèi)監(jiān)管以及中小微企業(yè)方面采取了實(shí)質(zhì)性步驟。這些倡議仍然向全體成員開(kāi)放。因此，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，未被文章提及的是D項(xiàng)“政府采購(gòu)業(yè)務(wù)”。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第三段首句指出：Whethertosafeguardpublichealthortoreviveeconomicactivity,itisonlythroughcollectiveactionthatwecanrespondeffectivelytotheCOVID-19crisis（無(wú)論是維護(hù)公眾健康還是重振經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)，只有通過(guò)集體行動(dòng)，我們才能有效應(yīng)對(duì)COVID-19危機(jī)），因此C項(xiàng)正確。

6.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。文章是比較正式的發(fā)言稿，文章條理清晰地分析了世貿(mào)組織對(duì)2019年所做工作的總結(jié)以及應(yīng)采取的新冠肺炎相關(guān)措施，因此選B項(xiàng)“沉著的，頭腦冷靜的”。

7.判斷推理題。A:在任命上訴機(jī)構(gòu)成員方面出現(xiàn)了僵局。第七段第一句指出：AkeyconcernistheproperfunctioningoftheWTO'sdisputesettlementsystem,giventheimpasseintheappointmentofAppellateBodymembers（考慮到在任命上訴機(jī)構(gòu)成員方面的僵局，一個(gè)關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題是世貿(mào)組織爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制的正常運(yùn)作），由此可知A項(xiàng)正確。B:其功能的重要性在2019年得到了強(qiáng)調(diào)。第二句指出：TheimportanceWTOmembersattachtotheinstitution'sdisputesettlementfunctionwasunderscoredbythehighest-everlevelofactivityseenin2019（世界貿(mào)易組織成員對(duì)該機(jī)構(gòu)爭(zhēng)端解決職能的重視程度在2019年達(dá)到了有史以來(lái)最高水平），因此B項(xiàng)正確。C:它未能就一套提議達(dá)成協(xié)商一致意見(jiàn)。后面指出：Atthesametime,lateintheyear,memberscouldnotreachconsensusonasetofproposalsputforwardbythethen-chairoftheDisputeSettlementBody（與此同時(shí)，在當(dāng)年年底，各成員未能就爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)構(gòu)當(dāng)時(shí)的主席提出的一套建議達(dá)成共識(shí)），因此C項(xiàng)正確。D:它與當(dāng)前貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端的解決毫無(wú)關(guān)系。D項(xiàng)過(guò)于絕對(duì)，并且不符合第一句所述，因此D項(xiàng)不正確，答案選D。

8.判斷推理題。A:保護(hù)主義將最嚴(yán)重地破壞貧窮國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇。第二段指出：Inthelongerrun,aturntowardsprotectionismwillslowdowntheglobaleconomicrecovery,tothedetrimentofallcountries,mostdamaginglyforthepoorest(從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)看，轉(zhuǎn)向保護(hù)主義將減緩全球經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇，對(duì)所有國(guó)家都不利，對(duì)最貧窮國(guó)家的危害最大)。因此A項(xiàng)正確。B:透明是進(jìn)行國(guó)際合作的最重要因素。第三段指出：Itisessentialthatgovernmentsandinternationalorganizationsworktogether.TheWTOiscommittedtodoingitsparttofostersuchcooperation.Onekeyaspectofthisistransparency（各國(guó)政府和國(guó)際組織必須共同努力。世界貿(mào)易組織致力于為促進(jìn)此類合作作出自己的貢獻(xiàn)。其中一個(gè)關(guān)鍵方面就是透明度），因此B項(xiàng)正確。C:2019年，世界貿(mào)易組織積極推動(dòng)貿(mào)易談判。第四段指出：Priortothepandemic,theyear2019hadbeenmarkedbystrongactivityattheWTOintermsoftradenegotiations（在大流行之前，2019年世界貿(mào)易組織在貿(mào)易談判方面開(kāi)展了大量活動(dòng)），因此C項(xiàng)正確。D:發(fā)展中的經(jīng)濟(jì)地位問(wèn)題在文章中略加討論。文章并未討論此問(wèn)題，因此答案選D項(xiàng)。

10.單選題

Theunfortunatedeathofthegeniuspoetcaused（）losstothiscountry.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.priceless

B.countless

C.incalculable

D.imaginable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)priceless“無(wú)價(jià)的”；B選項(xiàng)countess“無(wú)數(shù)的，數(shù)不盡的”；C選項(xiàng)incalculable“不可計(jì)算的”；D選項(xiàng)imaginable“可想象的”。句意：那位天才詩(shī)人的不幸死亡給國(guó)家?guī)?lái)了不可計(jì)算的損失。結(jié)合句意，只有C選項(xiàng)符合。

11.單選題

OilcompaniesintheU.S.arealreadybeginningtofeelthepressure.Refineryworkersandpetroleum-equipment-manufacturingemployeesarebeing______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.laidout

B.laidoff

C.laiddown

D.laidaside

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)layout“安排，陳列”，B項(xiàng)layoff“下崗，解雇”，C項(xiàng)laydown“放下，制定”，D項(xiàng)layaside“擱置”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞workers“工人”和employees“雇員”可推測(cè)，空格部分表示“解雇，下崗”。句意：美國(guó)的石油公司已經(jīng)開(kāi)始感受到壓力。煉油工人和石油設(shè)備制造工人正在被解雇。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

9.Ifthereisanyendeavour