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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-大連民族大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買!第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題
______hegaveupthespeech.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.Atalossforaword
B.Whileatalossforaword
C.Whenatalossforaword
D.Ifatalossforaword
【答案】A
【解析】考查原因狀語(yǔ)。句意:他想不出一個(gè)詞來(lái),只好放棄演講。橫線部分是原因狀語(yǔ)。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容可知橫線部分不是從句而是短語(yǔ),句子還原成:Hegaveupthespeechatalossforaword.A選項(xiàng)Atalossforaword符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。
2.單選題
Duringtheirfirstteachingtrainingyear,thestudentsoftenvisitedlocalschoolforthe()oflessons.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.observation
B.investigation
C.inspection
D.examination
【答案】A
【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)observation“觀察,監(jiān)視”;B選項(xiàng)investigation“調(diào)查;研究”;C選項(xiàng)inspection“檢查;視察”;D選項(xiàng)examination“檢查;考試”。句意:在他們教師培訓(xùn)的第一年,學(xué)生們會(huì)經(jīng)常去當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)?!n程。根據(jù)句中teachingtraining教師培訓(xùn),學(xué)生身份會(huì)與認(rèn)真觀察這一名詞更加相配,examination主要是為減少錯(cuò)誤而進(jìn)行檢查。故選A。
3.單選題
Withtheincreasingunemploymentrate,femaleworkerswhoare45to55yearsoldareusuallythefirsttobe(
).
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.laidaside
B.laidup
C.laidout
D.laidoff
【答案】D
【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析題。layaside“放棄(某種習(xí)慣),積蓄(金錢),把…放在一邊”;layup“放置不用,貯存,儲(chǔ)蓄,使(某人)待在床上或室內(nèi)”;layout“設(shè)計(jì);展示,安排”;layoff“暫時(shí)解雇,裁員,停止工作”;根據(jù)句意‘隨著失業(yè)率不斷上升,45-55歲的女性工人通常最先被(
)?!_定D選項(xiàng)正確。
4.單選題
Accordingtoasurvey,whichwasbasedontheresponsesofover188,000students,today’straditional-agecollegefreshmenare“morematerialisticandlessaltruistic(利他主義的)”thanatanytimeinthe17yearsofthepoll.
Notsurprisinginthesehardtimes,thestudent’smajorobjective“istobefinanciallywelloff.Lessimportantthaneverisdevelopingameaningfulphilosophyoflife”.Itfollowsthenthattodaythemostpopularcourseisnotliteratureorhistorybutaccounting.
Interestinteaching,socialserviceandthe“altruistic”fieldsisatalow.Ontheotherhand,enrollmentinbusinessprograms,engineeringandcomputerscienceiswayup.
That’snosurpriseeither.Afriendofmine(asalesrepresentativeforachemicalcompany)wasmakingtwicethesalaryofhercollegeinstructorsherfirstyearonthejob—evenbeforeshecompletedhertwo-yearassociatedegree.
Whileit’struethatweallneedacareer,itisequallytruethatourcivilizationhasaccumulatedanincredibleamountofknowledgeinfieldsfarremovedfromourownandthatwearebetterforourunderstandingoftheseothercontributions—betheyscientificorartistic.Itisequallytruethat,instudyingthediversewisdomofothers,welearnhowtothink.Moreimportant,perhaps,educationteachesustoseetheconnectionsbetweenthings,aswellastoseebeyondourimmediateneeds.
Weeklywereadofunionswhowentonstrikeforhigherwages,onlytodrivetheiremployeroutofbusiness.Nocompany,nojob.Howshortsightedinthelongrun!
Butthemostimportantargumentforabroadeducationisthatinstudyingtheaccumulatedwisdomoftheages,weimproveourmoralsense.Isawacartoonrecentlywhichshowsagroupofbusinessmenlookingpuzzledastheysitaroundaconferencetable;oneofthemistalkingontheintercom,“MissBaxter,”hesays,“couldyoupleasesendinsomeonewhocandistinguishrightfromwrong?”
Fromthelong-termpointofview,that’swhateducationreallyoughttobeabout.
1.Accordingtotheauthor’sobservation,collegestudents________.
2.Thestudents’criteriaforselectingmajorstodayhavemuchtodowith________.
3.Bysaying“Whileit’struethat...betheyscientificorartistic”(Para.5),theauthormeansthat________.
4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.haveneverbeensomaterialisticastoday
B.haveneverbeensointerestedinthearts
C.haveneverbeensofinanciallywelloffastoday
D.haveneverattachedsomuchimportancetomoralsense
問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)
A.theinfluencesoftheirinstructors
B.thefinancialgoalstheyseekinlife
C.theirowninterpretationsofthecourses
D.theirunderstandingofthecontributionsofothers
問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)
A.businessmanagementshouldbeincludedineducationalprograms
B.humanwisdomhasaccumulatedatanextraordinarilyhighspeed
C.humanintellectualdevelopmenthasreachednewheights
D.theimportanceofabroadeducationshouldnotbeoverlooked
問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)
A.Businessmenabsorbedintheircareerarenarrow-minded.
B.Managersoftenfindithardtotellrightfromwrong.
C.Careerseekersshouldnotfocusonimmediateinterestsonly.
D.Peopleengagedintechnicaljobsleadamorerewardinglife.
【答案】第1題:A
第2題:B
第3題:D
第4題:C
【解析】第1題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】
Accordingtotheauthor’sobservation,collegestudents________.根據(jù)作者的觀察,大學(xué)生________。
A.haveneverbeensomaterialisticastodayA.從來(lái)沒(méi)有像今天這樣唯物主義
B.haveneverbeensointerestedintheartsB.從未對(duì)藝術(shù)如此感興趣
C.haveneverbeensofinanciallywelloffastodayC.從沒(méi)有像今天這樣富裕過(guò)
D.haveneverattachedsomuchimportancetomoralsenseD.從未如此重視道德感
【答案】A
【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。
【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中信息詞collegestudents定位到第一段,該處講到“調(diào)查顯示(Accordingtoasurvey),如今傳統(tǒng)年齡的大學(xué)新生比以往任何時(shí)候都更多奉行物質(zhì)享樂(lè)主義(morematerialistic),更少奉行利他主義?!?,可知在作者看來(lái),大學(xué)生從未像如今這樣唯物主義,因此A選項(xiàng)正確。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
B選項(xiàng)“從未對(duì)藝術(shù)如此感興趣”:文中沒(méi)有提到大學(xué)生對(duì)藝術(shù)感興趣,屬于無(wú)中生有;
C選項(xiàng)“從沒(méi)有像今天這樣富裕過(guò)”:對(duì)應(yīng)第二段第一句“在這樣的困難時(shí)期,學(xué)生的主要目標(biāo)是實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)富裕(befinanciallywelloff)?!?,這里沒(méi)有把過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在的學(xué)生進(jìn)行比較,而且學(xué)生并不富裕,屬于偷換概念;
D選項(xiàng)“從未如此重視道德感”:對(duì)應(yīng)第一段“大學(xué)新生比以往任何時(shí)候都更少奉行利他主義(lessaltruistic)?!?,可知如今的大學(xué)生沒(méi)有以前那么重視道德感,屬于反向干擾。
第2題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】
Thestudents’criteriaforselectingmajorstodayhavemuchtodowith________.如今,學(xué)生們選擇專業(yè)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與________有很大關(guān)系。
A.theinfluencesoftheirinstructorsA.他們的導(dǎo)師的影響
B.thefinancialgoalstheyseekinlifeB.他們?cè)谏钪凶非蟮呢?cái)務(wù)目標(biāo)
C.theirowninterpretationsofthecoursesC.他們自己對(duì)課程的理解
D.theirunderstandingofthecontributionsofothersD.他們對(duì)他人貢獻(xiàn)的理解
【答案】B
【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。
【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中信息詞selectingmajors定位到第二段,該處講到“在這樣的困難時(shí)期,學(xué)生的主要目標(biāo)是實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)富裕(financiallywelloff)……由此可見(Itfollowsthen),如今最受歡迎的課程(mostpopularcourse)不是文學(xué)或歷史,而是會(huì)計(jì)。”,可知學(xué)生對(duì)專業(yè)的選擇和其財(cái)務(wù)目標(biāo)相關(guān),因此B選項(xiàng)正確。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)“他們導(dǎo)師的影響”:對(duì)應(yīng)第四段第二句“我的一個(gè)朋友是一家化學(xué)公司的銷售代表,她工作的第一年掙的錢是她大學(xué)老師的兩倍(twicethesalaryofhercollegeinstructors)?!?,這里只是講到學(xué)生和老師工資的差異,并沒(méi)有表達(dá)老師和學(xué)生選擇專業(yè)的關(guān)系,屬于偷換概念;
C選項(xiàng)“他們自己對(duì)課程的理解”:文中沒(méi)有提到學(xué)生對(duì)課程的理解導(dǎo)致對(duì)專業(yè)的選擇不同,屬于無(wú)中生有;
D選項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)他人貢獻(xiàn)的理解”:對(duì)應(yīng)第五段第一句“我們的文明已經(jīng)在與我們自身相距甚遠(yuǎn)的領(lǐng)域積累了大量的知識(shí),我們更好地理解了這些領(lǐng)域的其他貢獻(xiàn)?!保@里指的是這些領(lǐng)域的貢獻(xiàn),而非大學(xué)生自己的貢獻(xiàn),屬于張冠李戴。
第3題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】
Bysaying“Whileit’struethat...betheyscientificorartistic”(Para.5),theauthormeansthat________.他說(shuō)“Whileit’struethat...betheyscientificorartistic”(第五段),作者的意思是________。
A.businessmanagementshouldbeincludedineducationalprogramsA.企業(yè)管理應(yīng)該包括在教育計(jì)劃中
B.humanwisdomhasaccumulatedatanextraordinarilyhighspeedB.人類智慧以極快的速度積累
C.humanintellectualdevelopmenthasreachednewheightsC.人類智力發(fā)展達(dá)到了新的高度
D.theimportanceofabroadeducationshouldnotbeoverlookedD.廣泛教育的重要性不應(yīng)被忽視
【答案】D
【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。
【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中出處提示詞Para.5和信息詞Whileit’strue定位到第五段第一句,該處講到“誠(chéng)然,我們都需要一份職業(yè),但同樣不可否認(rèn)的是(itisequallytruethat),我們的文明已經(jīng)在與我們自身相距甚遠(yuǎn)的領(lǐng)域積累了大量的知識(shí)(anincredibleamountofknowledge),我們更好地理解了(betterforourunderstanding)這些領(lǐng)域的其他貢獻(xiàn)——無(wú)論是科學(xué)上的還是藝術(shù)上的(betheyscientificorartistic)?!保寺殬I(yè)需要的知識(shí),我們還積累了大量非職業(yè)需要的知識(shí),這里強(qiáng)調(diào)這些知識(shí)人們已經(jīng)知道,并且非常重要,需要更多推廣,因此D選項(xiàng)正確。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)“企業(yè)管理應(yīng)該包括在教育計(jì)劃中”:這里沒(méi)有提到企業(yè)管理,屬于無(wú)中生有;
B選項(xiàng)“人類智慧以極快的速度積累”:這里提到人類文明積累了大量知識(shí),但不代表人類智慧增長(zhǎng)速度很快,屬于偷換概念;
C選項(xiàng)“人類智力發(fā)展達(dá)到了新的高度”:這里沒(méi)有說(shuō)到人類智力到了新高度,屬于無(wú)中生有。
第4題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】
WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?根據(jù)文章,下列哪個(gè)陳述正確?
A.Businessmenabsorbedintheircareerarenarrow-minded.A.專心于事業(yè)的商人心胸狹窄。
B.Managersoftenfindithardtotellrightfromwrong.B.老板們常常認(rèn)為很難分清是非。
C.Careerseekersshouldnotfocusonimmediateinterestsonly.C.求職者不應(yīng)該只關(guān)注眼前的利益。
D.Peopleengagedintechnicaljobsleadamorerewardinglife.D.從事技術(shù)工作的人生活更有意義。
【答案】C
【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。
【解題思路】此題定位到第六段,該處講到“每周我們都能讀到工會(huì)(unions)為提高工資而罷工(strikeforhigherwages),結(jié)果卻把他們的雇主趕出了市場(chǎng)……從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看,這是多么目光短淺(shortsighted)??!”,可知工會(huì)罷工這件事目光短淺,求職者不應(yīng)目光短淺,因此C選項(xiàng)正確。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)“專心于事業(yè)的商人心胸狹窄”:文中沒(méi)有提到商人心胸狹窄,屬于無(wú)中生有;
B選項(xiàng)“老板們常常認(rèn)為很難分清是非”:對(duì)應(yīng)第七段“但支持廣泛教育最重要的理由是,在學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)代積累的智慧中,我們提高了自己的道德感(improveourmoralsense)……其中一個(gè)商人正在對(duì)講機(jī)里說(shuō):‘巴克斯特小姐,請(qǐng)您派一個(gè)能明辨是非的人(candistinguishrightfromwrong)來(lái)好嗎?’”,這里的明辨是非指的是分清道德上的對(duì)錯(cuò),不是說(shuō)很難分辨對(duì)錯(cuò),而是說(shuō)人們道德感低,屬于偷換概念;
D選項(xiàng)“從事技術(shù)工作的人生活更有意義”:對(duì)應(yīng)第二段第二句“培養(yǎng)一種有意義的人生哲學(xué)已經(jīng)不那么重要了(meaningfulphilosophyoflife)。”,這里指的是有意義的人生哲學(xué),而不是人生因?yàn)閺氖录夹g(shù)工作而有意義,屬于偷換概念。
5.單選題
Couplesblessedwithstrengthandaggression()looksarebetteroffhavingboys,asthesecharacteristicsareofmoreusetomales.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.otherthan
B.ratherthan
C.rathertoo
D.inspiteof
【答案】B
【解析】考查詞組辨析。otherthan“不同于;除了”;ratherthan“而不是”;rathertoo“稍微”;inspiteof“盡管”。句意:那些體力更強(qiáng)和有進(jìn)取心……外表好看的夫婦會(huì)更容易生男孩,因?yàn)檫@些特征對(duì)男性更有用。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。
6.單選題
Severalunpopulardecision(
)thegovernor’spopularity.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.decayed
B.diminished
C.distorted
D.dissolved
【答案】B
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。decay意為“(使)腐爛,腐朽”;diminish意為“(使)減少,縮小,下降”;distort意為“歪曲,扭曲”;dissolve意為“使溶解”。
句意:幾項(xiàng)不得人心的決定使州長(zhǎng)的聲望下降。
7.單選題
Heisstrugglingtomoveonafter___emotionalandhealthproblems.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.abundleof
B.apartof
C.aseriesof
D.abunchof
【答案】C
【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.abundleof一束B.apartof一部分
C.aseriesof一系列的;一連串的D.abunchof一群
【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。
【解題思路】這里的短語(yǔ)用來(lái)形容“情感和健康問(wèn)題”,C選項(xiàng)aseriesof“一系列的”表示一系列的,符合句子邏輯。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)均無(wú)法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。
【句意】在經(jīng)歷了一系列情感和健康問(wèn)題后,他正在努力向前看。
8.翻譯題
Technologyisconstantlynarrowingthegapbetweensciencefictionandreality,bringingfundamentalchangesintoourlives.AccordingtoIBMresearchers,infiveyearswewon’tneedpasswords,won’tbebotheredbyjunkmailandwillbeabletocontrolmanyofourmachineswithourminds.TheAmericantechnologycompanyreleasedits6thannualFive-in-Five,alistoffiveinnovationsthefirmexpectstoseewithinfiveyears.Oneofthemwillenableustogeneratesmallamountsofenergytosupplementtheelectricpowerweuseinourhomes.“Youcandomicro-electronicgeneration,”saysBernieMeyerson,vicepresidentofInnovationatIBM.“Forinstance,youcanhavesomebodyinthethirdworldwhohasaccesstoaphoneorasmartphone,butdoesn’thaveaccesstoapowergrid,whichisaverycommonthingandliterallyinashoehassomethingthatrecoversenergyfromwalkingandcanchargethebatterytoenablethatpersontoactuallybecomeconnectedwiththerestoftheworld.”
【答案】答:
日新月異的科技不斷縮小科幻小說(shuō)和科學(xué)事實(shí)之間的差距,還給我們的生活帶來(lái)了根本上的改變。根據(jù)IBM研究人員的預(yù)測(cè),5年內(nèi)我們就不再需要密碼,也不再會(huì)被垃圾電郵打攪,我們還能用我們的思維操控許多機(jī)器。美國(guó)科技公司IBM日前公布了第6次的“未來(lái)5年5大科技預(yù)測(cè)”,這是IBM預(yù)測(cè)我們將在未來(lái)5年看見的5大科技創(chuàng)新。其中一項(xiàng)將使我們能產(chǎn)生小量能源供給家戶電力。IBM創(chuàng)新部門的副主管梅爾森說(shuō):“你可以進(jìn)行小容量的發(fā)電。例如,第三世界的某個(gè)人有一部手機(jī)或智慧型手機(jī),但卻沒(méi)有電力供應(yīng),這是很常見的事。在他的鞋里面裝上靠走路發(fā)電的裝置,他的手機(jī)隨時(shí)能充電,使這個(gè)人真正跟全世界聯(lián)結(jié)了起來(lái)?!?/p>
9.單選題
Hawaii’snativeminorityisdemandingagreaterdegreeofsovereigntyoveritsownaffairs.Butmuchofthearchipelago’spoliticalestablishment,whichincludesthewhiteAmericanswhodominateduntiltheSecondWorldWarandpeopleofJapanese,ChineseandFilipinoorigin,isopposedtotheidea.
TheislandswereannexedbytheU.S.in1898andsincethenHawaii’snativepeoplehavefaredworsethananyofitsotherethnicgroups.Theymakeupover60percentofthestate’shomeless,sufferhigherlevelsofunemploymentandtheirlifespanisfiveyearslessthantheaverageHawaiians.TheyaretheonlymajorU.S.nativegroupwithoutsomedegreeofautonomy.
ButasovereigntyadvisorycommitteesetupbyHawaii’sfirstnativegovernor,JohnWaihee,hasgiventhenatives’causeamajorboostbyrecommendingthattheHawaiiannativesdecidebythemselveswhethertore-establishasovereignHawaiiannation.
However,theHawaiiannativesarenotunitedintheirdemands.Somejustwantgreaterautonomywithinthestate—asenjoyedbymanyAmericanIndiannativesovermatterssuchaseducation.ThisisapositionsupportedbytheOfficeofHawaiianAffairs(OHA),astateagencysetupin1978torepresenttonatives’interestsandwhichhasnowbecomethemoderatefaceofthenativesovereigntymovement.MoreambitiousistheKaLahuigroup,whichdeclareditselfanewnationin1987andwantsfull,officialindependencefromtheU.S.
ButifHawaiiannativesaregivengreaterautonomy,itisfarfromclearhowmanypeoplethiswillapplyto.Thestateauthoritiesonlycountasnativethosepeoplewithmorethan50percentHawaiianblood.
Nativedemandsarenotjustbasedonpoliticalgrievances,though.Theyalsowanttheirclaimon660,000hectaresofHawaiiancrownlandtobeaccepted.Itisonthisissuethatnativegroupsarefacing.Itisonthisissuethatnativegroupsarefacingmostoppositionfromthestateauthorities.In1933,thestategovernmentpaidtheOHAU.S.$136millioninbackrentonthecrownlandandmanyofficialssaythatbyacceptingthispaymenttheagencyhasgivenupitsclaimstolegallyowntheland.TheOHAhasvigorouslydisputedthis.
1.Hawaii’snativeminorityrefersto().
2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueoftheHawaiiannatives?
3.WhichofthefollowingisNottrueofJohnWaihee?
4.Whichofthefollowinggroupsholdsalessradicalattitudeonthematterofsovereignty?
5.VariousnativeHawaiiansdemandallthefollowingExcept().
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.Hawaii’sethnicgroups
B.peopleofFilipinoorigin
C.theKaLahuigroup
D.peoplewith50%Hawaiianblood
問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)
A.Sixtypercentofthemarehomelessorunemployed.
B.Theirlifespanis5yearsshorterthanaverageAmericans.
C.TheirlifeisworsethanthatofotherethnicgroupsinHawaii.
D.Theyaretheonlynativegroupwithoutsovereignty.
問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)
A.HeisHawaiifirstnativegovernor.
B.Hehassetupasovereigntyadvisorycommittee.
C.Hesuggestedthenativepeopledecideforthemselves.
D.Heisleadingthelocalindependencemovement.
問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)
A.AmericanIndiannatives.
B.OfficeofHawaiianAffairs.
C.TheKaLahuigroup.
D.TheHawaiiannatives.
問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)
A.agreaterautonomywithinthestate
B.morebackrentonthecrownland
C.aclaimontheHawaiiancrownland
D.fullindependencefromtheU.S.
【答案】第1題:A
第2題:C
第3題:D
第4題:B
第5題:B
【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Hawaii’snativeminority可以定位到文章第二段第一句“TheislandswereannexedbytheU.S.,in1898andsincethenHawaii’snativepeopleshavefaredworsethananyofitsotherethnicgroups.”,中文翻譯為:這個(gè)群島于1898年被美國(guó)吞并,從那時(shí)起,夏威夷土著居民的遭遇比其他種族群體的遭遇更為悲慘??梢耘袛嘀挥蠥項(xiàng)“夏威夷的種族群體”正確。
2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到原文第二段“…sincethenHawaii’snativepeoplehavefaredworsethananyofitsotherethnicgroups.”,中文大意為:自那以后,夏威夷的土著居民比其他種族的境況更糟糕。C選項(xiàng)正確,符合題意。
3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由A,B,C選項(xiàng)可定位到原文第三段中“ButasovereigntyadvisorycommitteesetupbyHawaii’sfirstnativegovernor,JohnWaihee,hasgiventhenatives’causeamajorboostbyrecommendingthattheHawaiiannativesdecidebythemselveswhethertore-establishasovereignHawaiiannation.”,中文翻譯為:由夏威夷的第一位本土官員JohnWaihee成立的主權(quán)咨詢委員會(huì)對(duì)土著居民的事件起到了推動(dòng)作用,該委員會(huì)建議夏威夷土著居民應(yīng)該自主決定是否需要重新成立一個(gè)夏威夷主權(quán)國(guó)家。判斷A,B,C選項(xiàng)正確,排除;D選項(xiàng)在文章內(nèi)沒(méi)有相關(guān)信息介紹,故選D。
4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“alessradicalattitude”可以定位到文章第四段第三句“ThisisapositionsupportedbytheOfficeofHawaiianAffairs(OHA),astateagencysetupin1978torepresentthenatives’interestsandwhichhasnowbecomethemoderatefaceofthenativesovereigntymovement.”,中文翻譯為:這是夏威夷事務(wù)辦公室(OHA)支持的態(tài)度,OHA作為一個(gè)國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)成立于1978年,代表著當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣竦睦妫缃裨诿鎸?duì)土著居民主權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)上保持著溫和的態(tài)度。故選B。
5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到原文最后一段“Theyalsowanttheirclaimon660,000hectaresofHawaiiancrownlandtobeaccepted.”,中文翻譯為:他們還希望能夠要回66萬(wàn)公頃的夏威夷公有土地??芍耐氖窍朊绹?guó)政府承認(rèn)其所有權(quán)而不僅僅是更多的租金。因此B選項(xiàng)“更多的拖欠皇家土地的租金”符合題意。
10.單選題
ToyotasaidonTuesdaythatitwill(
)itsannualyear-endsaleseventearly.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.giveaway
B.fixon
C.kickoff
D.bringup
【答案】C
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。giveaway“放棄,分發(fā)”;fixon“確定,固定”;kickoff“開始”;bringup“提出,養(yǎng)育”。句意:星期二,豐田汽車公司宣布將提前開展其一年一度的年終促銷活動(dòng)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。
11.單選題
Smokingissoharmfultopersonalhealththatitkills________peopleeachyearthanautomobileaccident.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.sevenmoretimes
B.seventimesmore
C.overseventimes
D.seventimes
【答案】B
【解析】考查倍數(shù)的用法。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞than,我們可以知道答案選“A+倍數(shù)+形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)+than+B”的變形。more和over一般是放在倍數(shù)后面,所以A,C選項(xiàng)排除。D選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)法。
12.單選題
Mostofthenonverbalcommunicationatworkcentersonasingletheme:power,whichtranslatesintostatus.Ineveryspeciesandsociety,thoseincontroltryto(1)large,strongandfearless.
(2)
someotheranimals
(3)
dominance,humanshavetheirownwaysofsignalingwho'sin
(4)
.“Inourculture,statusshows
(5)
subtlyintherelaxedpostureandwayofinteraction”sayAlbertMehrabian,aprofessorofpsychology.
(
6)
,thoselowerinpositioncharacteristicallydisplaymore
(7)
.“Theclassicexampleisthesoldierstandingat
(8)
inthepresenceofthesuperiorofficer,"saysMehrabian.
Theleadersinagroupusuallyaretheoneswholeanbackintheirchairs.Tomakethepoint,theymaylean
(9)
.Theirgesturesarelargeandfluid,
(10)
aneasyconfidenceandcommandofspace.
(11)
alsotakegreatercontrolofconversation.“Thepersoninauthority
(12)
totalkmore,speaklouderand
(13)
others,”saysMehrabian.
Thebodiesofthepowerfulcanalso“l(fā)eak”messagesofweaknessthatalwaysbetray
(14)
they'rereallyfeeling.Imaginethis
(15)
:theheadofyourcompanyannouncestohisstaffthatthefirmhasbeenboughtbyagiantcorporation.“Thisisgreatnews!”hesays“Thenewownersaremore
(16)
thanever.”
Ashespeaks,yourbossstandsstifflybehindthechair,hishandsclaspedinfrontofhim.Hesmilesoften,
(17)
hiseyeshaveaseriouslook.Hisvoiceisflat,andthe
(18)
seemshigherthanusual.Shouldyoubelievehim?“Lookfordifferences
(19)
whatyou'reseeingandwhatyou'rehearing,”suggestsAustin.Yourboss’sbodylanguageis
(20)
reassuring.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.pretend
B.appear
C.seem
D.disguise
問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)
A.As
B.Besides
C.Like
D.Despite
問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)
A.asserting
B.declaring
C.confirming
D.claiming
問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)
A.management
B.duty
C.obligation
D.charge
問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)
A.it
B.itself
C.them
D.us
問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)
A.Consequently
B.Unfortunately
C.Conversely
D.Undoubtedly
問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)
A.rigidity
B.dignity
C.vigor
D.rigor
問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)
A.peace
B.length
C.ease
D.attention
問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)
A.forward
B.toward
C.ahead
D.over
問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)
A.proposing
B.embodying
C.signaling
D.proving
問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)
A.Authorities
B.Superiors
C.Inferiors
D.Officials
問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)
A.cares
B.intends
C.tends
D.means
問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)
A.intervene
B.interfere
C.intermingle
D.interrupt
問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)
A.which
B.what
C.that
D.why
問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)
A.sight
B.spot
C.scenery
D.scene
問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)
A.secure
B.responsible
C.generous
D.optimistic
問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)
A.when
B.as
C.although
D.so
問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)
A.throat
B.tone
C.note
D.melody
問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)
A.in
B.among
C.from
D.between
問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)
A.anythingbut
B.nothingbut
C.nomorethan
D.morethan
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:C
第3題:A
第4題:C
第5題:B
第6題:C
第7題:A
第8題:D
第9題:A
第10題:C
第11題:B
第12題:C
第13題:D
第14題:B
第15題:D
第16題:D
第17題:C
第18題:B
第19題:D
第20題:A
【解析】(1)考查動(dòng)詞辨析。pretend意為“偽裝,假裝”,強(qiáng)調(diào)明顯地表露出是假的;appear意為“出現(xiàn),顯現(xiàn)”,主要表達(dá)自然流露的現(xiàn)象;seem意為“似乎,看來(lái)”指根據(jù)某種跡象作出的推斷;disguise意為“隱瞞,掩飾”。此處表示“當(dāng)權(quán)者試圖看起來(lái)高大、強(qiáng)壯和無(wú)畏”。
(2)考查邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)空格后的animals和humans可知此處是對(duì)這兩者進(jìn)行對(duì)比,說(shuō)明其相似情況,因此選C,like作連詞,意為“像……一樣,如同”。
(3)考查動(dòng)詞辨析。assert意為“維護(hù),堅(jiān)持”;declare意為“宣布”;confirm意為“確認(rèn),批準(zhǔn)”;claim意為“聲稱”。由空格后的dominance(優(yōu)勢(shì),控制)可知A選項(xiàng)最為恰當(dāng)。
(4)考查邏輯關(guān)系。這句話指的是人與動(dòng)物的相似之處,故空格處應(yīng)為dominance的同義詞,incharge意為“負(fù)責(zé),主管”,因此選D。
(5)考查邏輯關(guān)系。由空格后面的subtlyintherelaxedpostureandwayofinteraction可知此處是用來(lái)形容status本身的,因此用反身代詞作賓語(yǔ),選B。
(6)考查副詞辨析。由前面的status(地位)和空格后的thoselowerinposition(地位較低者)可知此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折,因此選C,conversely意為“相反地,反過(guò)來(lái)”。
(7)考查邏輯關(guān)系。此處與由前面的relaxedpostureandwayofinteraction(放松姿勢(shì)與互動(dòng)方式)進(jìn)行對(duì)比,因此填rigidity(僵硬,刻板)。
(8)考查固定搭配。standatattention意為“立正”。atlength意為“終究,終歸”;atease意為“安逸,自由自在”;atpeace意為“和平,處于平靜狀態(tài)”。
(9)考查邏輯關(guān)系。此處與前面的leanback(仰靠著,向后靠)動(dòng)作相反,選A,leanforward意為“向前傾,前傾”。
(10)考查動(dòng)詞辨析。propose意為“提議,建議”,主語(yǔ)一般為人;embody意為“表現(xiàn),象征”;signal意為“表達(dá),表明”;prove意為“證明,證實(shí)”,一般用于provetobe。此處的邏輯主語(yǔ)為gestures,因此選C。
(11)考查邏輯關(guān)系。此處與前面的theleadersinagroup(集團(tuán)中的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人)相照應(yīng),因此填superiors(上級(jí))。
(12)考查邏輯關(guān)系。care一般用于careabout/for,故排除;intendto意為“打算”;tendto意為“傾向于”;meanto意為“打算,想”。由前面的takegreatercontrolofconversation(更好地控制談話)可知C選項(xiàng)最為恰當(dāng)。
(13)考查邏輯關(guān)系。由前面的talkmore,speaklouder可知and后面的為并列謂語(yǔ),intervene意為“干涉,介入”,指介入爭(zhēng)端,進(jìn)行調(diào)停,也指干涉他人之事;interfere意為“干涉,干預(yù)”,指無(wú)權(quán)或未獲允許而妨礙、阻擾、干涉他人之事;intermingle意為“混合”;interrupt意為“打斷(別人的話等)”此處與談話有關(guān),因此選D,更能體現(xiàn)當(dāng)權(quán)者的獨(dú)斷行為。
(14)考查從句。只有what既能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句作betray的賓語(yǔ),又能在并列從句中充當(dāng)feel的賓語(yǔ),因此選B。
(15)考查名詞辨析。sight意為“視力范圍,視野”;spot意為“地點(diǎn),場(chǎng)所”;scenery意為“風(fēng)景,景色”;scene意為“場(chǎng)面,現(xiàn)場(chǎng)”??崭窈蟮拿疤?hào)是介紹事件發(fā)生的場(chǎng)景,因此選D。
(16)考查形容詞辨析。secure意為“安全的”;responsible意為“負(fù)責(zé)的”;generous意為“慷慨的,大方的”;optimistic意為“樂(lè)觀的,樂(lè)觀主義的”。由前面的Thisisgreatnews(這是個(gè)好消息)可知D選項(xiàng)最符合語(yǔ)義。
(17)考查邏輯關(guān)系。由前面的smiles和空格后的aseriouslook可知此處表示讓步關(guān)系,填although(盡管)。
(18)考查邏輯關(guān)系。由前面的Hisvoiceisflat(他的聲音是平的)可知此處指音調(diào),填tone。
(19)考查固定搭配。differencesbetweenand意為“……和……之間的差異”。
(20)考查邏輯關(guān)系。anythingbut意為“根本不,決不”;nothingbut意為“只有,只不過(guò)”;nomorethan意為“不過(guò)是,僅僅”;morethan意為“不知是”。本段表示“老板一邊安慰下屬公司很可靠,一邊又提心吊膽,沒(méi)有把握”,因此選A。
13.單選題
Whilemanypeopleutilizehomeopathicremediestotreathealthproblems,otherpeopledonot(
)suchalternativetreatments,(
)conventionalmedicaltreatments
instead.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.distrust...employing
B.embrace...eschewing
C.countenance...relyingon
D.recommend...turningfrom
【答案】C
【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)distrust“不信任,懷疑”;employ“雇傭”;B選項(xiàng)embrace“擁抱”;eschew“避開”;C選項(xiàng)countenance“贊成”;relyon“依靠,依賴”;D選項(xiàng)recommend“推薦”;turnfrom“對(duì)…感到厭惡”。根據(jù)句意‘當(dāng)很多人使用順勢(shì)療法來(lái)治療健康問(wèn)題時(shí),其他人并不贊成這樣的治療方法,而是更信賴傳統(tǒng)的藥物治療。’C選項(xiàng)正確。
14.填空題
Itdoesn’tmatterwhichroomafamilychoosestogatherin.Itcouldbeafavoritecomerofthekitchen,orawoodpaneledden.Whatdoes(
)isthattheychoosetobetogether.Foritisthesupport,thestrength,thebondsandtraditionsofthefamilythatgiveuswhatweallneedmostinlife.Allthesecanbefoundinagoodhome.Homeisthestagewherethedramaoflifeisplayed,theclassroomwherechildrenlearnright
(
)wrong,andtheplacewhereold-fashionedidealslikecourageandhonesty,respect
(
)
oneselfandothersarepassed
(
)
fromonegenerationtothe
(
)
.
Weareconcerned
(
)
theerosionofthesevaluesthatshouldbetaughtathome.Weseethegrowingproblemsofsociety—brokenhomes,crime,drugs,andjuveniledelinquency—andareshockedbythetraumatheyinflict
(
)
families,especiallychildren.Ourover-burdenedschoolscannolonger
(
)
theseproblemsconfrontingoursociety.Thereisonlyoneplacewherewecanregainthevaluesandintegritythatwill
(
)
theseills.Wemustturn
(
)
thehome—ourpieceoftheworld—theplacewhereitallbegins.
【答案】考查上下文語(yǔ)義。由前面的“Itdoesn’tmatterwhichroomafamilychoosestogatherin.”一個(gè)家庭選擇哪一個(gè)房間并不重要,可知填matter,此句意為:重要的是他們選擇在一起。
試題答案:matter
考查介詞搭配。from意為“(表示來(lái)源)來(lái)自……”,learnrightfromwrong意為“明白是非”。
試題答案:from
考查介詞搭配。respectfor意為“尊敬,尊重”。
試題答案:for
考查固定搭配。passdown意為“傳下來(lái),傳承”。
試題答案:down
考查上下文語(yǔ)義。fromonegenerationtothenext意為“從一代到下一代”。
試題答案:next
考查介詞搭配。beconcernedaboutsth.意為“關(guān)心某事”。
試題答案:about
考查介詞搭配。inflicton意為“使……受痛苦”
試題答案:on
考查上下文語(yǔ)義。solveproblems意為“解決問(wèn)題”。
試題答案:solve
考查上下文語(yǔ)義。curetheseills意為“治療這些疾病”。此句意為:只有在一個(gè)地方,我們才能重獲價(jià)值和誠(chéng)信,才能治愈這些弊病。
試題答案:cure
考查介詞搭配。turnto意為“轉(zhuǎn)向”
試題答案:to
15.單選題
Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucratic(官僚主義的)managementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,well-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand“human-relations”experts;yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thathedoesnotwholeheartedlyparticipateinhisworkandthatheisboredwithit.Infact,theblue-andthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetotheruneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.
Theworkerandemployeeareanxious,notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob;theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionorinterestinlife.Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.
Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasfortherightmixtureofsubmissivenessandindependence.Fromthatmomentontheyaretestedagainandagain—bythepsychologists,forwhomtestingisabigbusiness,andbytheirsuperiors,whojudgetheirbehavior,sociability,capacitytogetalong,etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone’sfellowcompetitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.
AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproductionortonineteenth-century“freeenterprise”capitalism?Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities—thoseofloveandofreason—aretheaimsofallsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveonlyasmeanstothisend,andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.
1.By“awell-oiledcoginthemachinery”theauthorintendstorendertheideathatmanis(
).
2.Therealcauseoftheanxietyoftheworkersandemployeesisthat
(
).
3.Fromthepassagewecaninferthatrealhappinessoflifebelongstothose
(
).
4.Tosolvethepresentsocialproblemstheauthorsuggeststhatweshould
(
).
5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsindustrialismmightbestbesummarizedasoneof(
).
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.anecessarypartofthesocietythougheachindividual’sfunctionisnegligible
B.workingincompleteharmonywiththerestofthesociety
C.anunimportantpartincomparisonwiththerestofthesociety,thoughfunctioningsmoothly
D.ahumblecomponentofthesociety,especiallywhenworkingsmoothly
問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)
A.theyarelikelytolosetheirjobs
B.theyaredeprivedoftheirindividualityandindependence
C.theytakenointerestinlifeandwork
D.theyarefacedwiththefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistence
問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)
A.whoareatthebottomofthesociety
B.whoarehigherupintheirsocialstatus
C.whoprovebetterthantheirfellowcompetitors
D.whocouldkeepfarawayfromthiscompetitiveworld
問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)
A.enablemantofullydevelophispotentialities
B.offerhigherwagestotheworkersandemployees
C.resorttotheproductionmodeofourancestors
D.takethefundamentalrealitiesforgranted.
問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)
A.approval
B.dissatisfaction
C.suspicion
D.susceptibility
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:B
第3題:D
第4題:A
第5題:B
【解析】1.判斷推理題。“awell-oiledcoginthemachinery”本意指“機(jī)器上一個(gè)潤(rùn)滑良好的齒輪”。而該短語(yǔ)前面用了形容詞small,后面說(shuō)“yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless...",又強(qiáng)調(diào)了人的弱小。由此推測(cè)答案選C(與社會(huì)其他部分相比,這是一個(gè)不重要的部分,盡管起到潤(rùn)滑作用。
2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是工薪階層感到焦慮的原因,定位至第二段:Theworkerandemployeeareanxious,not
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