書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東華宇工學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thegovernorwas______forwrongfuluseofstatemoney.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.implanted

B.impended

C.imbued

D.impeached

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.implanted植入B.impended即將發(fā)生，正在逼近

C.imbued灌輸，感染D.impeached彈劾，歸咎

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)空格后的句子意思“因挪用州政府的資金”，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)意思可知，Thegovernorwas______表示“州長被彈劾了”；因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)都不符合語義邏輯。

【句意】這位州長因挪用州政府的資金而被彈劾。

2.單選題

Silveristhebestconductorofelectricity,copper（）itclosely.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.followed

B.following

C.tofollow

D.beingfollowed

【答案】B

【解析】考查非謂語動詞。一般情況下，分詞作狀語時(shí)，應(yīng)與句子的主語存在一定的邏輯關(guān)系(主謂或動賓關(guān)系)，否則分詞就必須有自己的主語或邏輯賓語，來構(gòu)成“名詞或代詞+分詞”的獨(dú)立分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，用來表示原因、時(shí)間、條件、方式或伴隨情況等。copper與follow之間為主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。由此可見，本題的正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。copperfollowingitclosely是以現(xiàn)在分詞following為中心的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。（獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)就是某一個(gè)非謂語動詞短語，或名詞性短語，或形容詞性短語，或介詞短語的邏輯主語不是句子的主語，而是自己另帶的一個(gè)邏輯主語。比如本句的主語是silver，但following的邏輯主語是copper。又如：Hestoodthere,bookinhand.中的介詞短語inhand的邏輯主語是book而不是句子的主語he，所以bookinhand為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。）。句意：銀是最好的導(dǎo)體，銅與之非常接近。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

3.單選題

Grandmaalwayspaidattentiontotheneeds,wishesandfeelingsofthosearoundher.Shewasthemost（

）womanI’veeverknown.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.artificial

B.merry

C.considerate

D.brilliant

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。artificial人造的；merry愉快的；considerate體貼的，考慮周到的；brilliant杰出的。句意：奶奶總是關(guān)注身邊人的需求、愿望和感受。她是我所認(rèn)識的最體貼的女人。選項(xiàng)C符合語境。

4.單選題

Theworkloadcanbeevenedout,insteadoftheshophavingbusytimesand（

）periods.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prosperous

B.memorable

C.discrete

D.slack

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。prosperous“繁榮的，興旺的”；memorable“難忘的，值得紀(jì)念的”；discrete“離散的，不連續(xù)的”；slack“松弛的，蕭條的”。句意：工作量可以均衡分配，這樣商店就不會有旺季和淡季之分。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

5.單選題

3.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.He’llgotoseeMr.Whiteat10:30.

B.He’dliketomakeanearlierappointment.

C.He’dliketocanceltheappointment.

D.He’dliketoseeanotherdentist.

【答案】B

【解析】M:Mytoothisbotheringme.WhencanIseeDr.White?

W:Howabouttomorrow?10:30OK?

M:Isn’tthereanythingearlier?

W:No.ButIwillcallyouifthereisacancellationbeforethen.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

【解析】男士說：Isn’tthereanythingearlier?(有沒有辦法早點(diǎn)兒？)，由此可知他想早些看醫(yī)生。

6.單選題

Hackersneverwerepartofthemainstreamestablishment,buttheircurrentreputationasvillainsofcyberspaceisafarcryfromtheearlydayswhen,firstandforemost,theywereseenasardentifquirkyprogrammers,capableofnear-miraculous,unorthodoxfeatsofmachinemanipulation.Buttheshiftinpopularperceptiontohackersasdeviantsandcriminalsisimportantnotonlybecauseitaffectsthehackersthemselvesandtheextraordinaryculturethathasgrownaroundthem,butbecauseitreflectsshiftsinthedevelopment,governance,andmeaningofthenewinformationtechnology.

InHackers:HeroesoftheComputerRevolution,StevenLevytracestherootsofevolvinghackercommunitiestotheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyinthelate1950s.Here,coremembersoftheTechModelRailroadClub“discovered”computersfirstasatoolforenhancingtheirbelovedmodelrailroadsandthenasobjectsofpassionintheirownright.TheyturnedtheirconsiderablecreativeenergiestothetaskofbuildingandprogrammingMIT'searlymainframesinuneasybutrelativelypeacefulcoexistencewithformalemployeesoftheuniversity'stechnicalstaff.

Formidableprogrammers,thesehackersproducedanddebuggedcomputercodesatanastonishingrate.Theyhelpeddevelophardwareandsoftwareforexistingcomputerfunctionsandinventednovelalgorithmsandapplicationsthatwereincorporatedintosubsequentgenerationsofcomputers.Thesenovelfunctionsnotonlyextendedrecreationalcapabilities—gaming,virtualreality,anddigitizedmusic一butalsoincreasedpracticalcapabilitiessuchasthecontrolofrobotsandprocessingspeeds.Obsessiveworkalsoyieldedahostofbasicsystemsubroutinesandutilitiesthatpushedoperatingcapacitiesandefficiencytonewheights,andbecameafundamentalpartofwhatweexperienceeverytimewesitinfrontofacomputer.

Thisbookdescribeslegendaryhackingbinges—daysandnightswithlittleornosleep—leadingtoproductsthatsurprisedandsometimesannoyedcolleaguesinmainstreamacademicandresearchpositions.“Thepurehack”didnotrespectprescribedmethodsortheory-driven,top-downapproachestocomputerscienceandengineering.Theunconventionallifestyledidnotseemtoputoffadherents,eventhoughitcouldbeprettyunwholesome:adisregardforpatternsofnightandday,adietofjunk-food,inattentiontopersonalappearanceandhygiene,andthevirtualabsenceofanylifeoutsideofhacking.

Itwasnotonlysingle-mindedattachmenttotheircraftthatdefinedtheseearlybackersbuttheirespousalofanideologyinformallycalledthe“hackerethic.”Thiscreedincludedseveralelements:commitmenttototalandfreeaccesstocomputersandinformation,beliefinimmensepowersofcomputerstoimprovepeople'slivesandcreateartandbeauty,disdainforobstacleserectedagainstfreeaccesstocomputing,andaninsistencethathackersbeevaluatedbynoothercriteriathantechnicalvirtuosityandaccomplishment.Inotherwords,thecultureofhackingincorporatedpoliticalandmoralvaluesaswellastechnicalends.

1.TherelationshipbetweenthehackercommunityandMITadministrationinthelate1950scanbebestdescribedas（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueinthispassage?

3.ThelifestyleofhackersdescribedinHackers:HeroesoftheComputerRevolutionis（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingisincludedinthehackerethic?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ongoodterms

B.somewhatunsettled

C.hostile

D.tricky

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Existingcomputerfunctionshavebeenimprovedwiththehelpofhackers.

B.Hacker'seffortshavecontributedtoincreasingcapabilitiesofourcomputerinseveralways.

C.Hackersaregenerallytakenasillegalinthepast.

D.Hackersbelievethattheirtechnicalaccomplishmentistheonlycriterionforevaluatingthem.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.unconventional

B.innovative

C.annoying

D.outofdate

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Strongwilltoovercomedifficultiesthatstandintheway.

B.Devotiontogetfreeaccesstoinformation.

C.Concentrationontheimprovementoftheircraft.

D.Immensepowertocreateartandbeauty.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.TherelationshipbetweenthehackercommunityandMITadministrationinthelate1950scanbebestdescribedas______.1.20世紀(jì)50年代末，黑客團(tuán)體和麻省理工學(xué)院管理部門之間的關(guān)系可以用______來描述。

A.ongoodtermsA.關(guān)系和睦的

B.somewhatunsettledB.有點(diǎn)不穩(wěn)定的

C.hostileC.敵對的

D.trickyD.非常微妙的

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“他們把大量的創(chuàng)造力投入到建造和編程MIT早期的大型機(jī)的任務(wù)中，與大學(xué)的技術(shù)人員在不穩(wěn)定但相對和睦的環(huán)境中共存（inuneasybutrelativelypeacefulcoexistence）”，從中可知，20世紀(jì)50年代末，黑客團(tuán)體和MIT之間的關(guān)系是相當(dāng)和睦的。A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“有點(diǎn)不穩(wěn)定的”在文中雖然提及，但并不是重點(diǎn)之處，屬于本末倒置；

C項(xiàng)“敵對的”與原文相反，反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“非常微妙的”沒提及，無中生有。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueinthispassage?2.下面哪一項(xiàng)在這段話中是不正確的？

A.Existingcomputerfunctionshavebeenimprovedwiththehelpofhackers.A.在黑客的幫助下，現(xiàn)有的計(jì)算機(jī)功能得到了改進(jìn)。

B.Hacker’seffortshavecontributedtoincreasingcapabilitiesofourcomputerinseveralways.B.黑客的努力在幾個(gè)方面幫助我們提高了計(jì)算機(jī)的性能。

C.Hackersaregenerallytakenasillegalinthepast.C.在過去，黑客通常被認(rèn)為是非法的。

D.Hackersbelievethattheirtechnicalaccomplishmentistheonlycriterionforevaluatingthem.D.黑客相信他們的技術(shù)成就是評價(jià)他們的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段首句“黑客從來都不是主流機(jī)構(gòu)的一部分，但他們目前作為網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間惡棍的名聲，與早期的情形相去甚遠(yuǎn)，當(dāng)時(shí)，他們首先被視為熱情而古怪的程序員，能夠近乎奇跡般地完成非正統(tǒng)的機(jī)器操作壯舉?！?，從中可知，在過去，黑客是被視為熱情而古怪的程序員，且技術(shù)精通；并且本文主要不是講黑客犯罪或其他黑歷史，而是講早前的黑客其實(shí)與現(xiàn)在大不同，C項(xiàng)“在過去，黑客通常被認(rèn)為是非法的”與全文基調(diào)不符。故該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“在黑客的幫助下，現(xiàn)有的計(jì)算機(jī)功能得到了改進(jìn)”和B項(xiàng)“黑客的努力在幾個(gè)方面幫助我們提高了計(jì)算機(jī)的性能”從原文第三段可以得知，第三段提到黑客幫助開發(fā)了用于現(xiàn)有計(jì)算機(jī)功能的硬件和軟件，并發(fā)明了新的算法和應(yīng)用程序，而且還擴(kuò)展了計(jì)算機(jī)的許多功能，他們還將計(jì)算機(jī)操作能力和效率推到了新的高度，所以該兩項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“黑客相信他們的技術(shù)成就是評價(jià)他們的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”根據(jù)末段倒數(shù)第二句“……他們堅(jiān)信評估黑客的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)只有精湛的技術(shù)和成就（hackersbeevaluatedbynoothercriteriathantechnicalvirtuosityandaccomplishment）”，所以該項(xiàng)也符合原文，屬于反向干擾。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.ThelifestyleofhackersdescribedinHackers:HeroesoftheComputerRevolutionis______.3.《黑客：計(jì)算機(jī)革命的英雄》中描述的黑客的生活方式是______。

A.unconventionalA.非常規(guī)的，非傳統(tǒng)的

B.innovativeB.創(chuàng)新的

C.annoyingC.令人討厭的

D.outofdateD.過時(shí)的

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“這種非傳統(tǒng)的生活方式（Theunconventionallifestyle）似乎并沒有讓追隨者們反感……”，從中可知，黑客的生活方式是非傳統(tǒng)的。A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)新的”、C項(xiàng)“令人討厭的”和D項(xiàng)“過時(shí)的”根據(jù)解題思路可知，曲解原文。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Whichofthefollowingisincludedinthehackerethic?4.以下哪一項(xiàng)包含在黑客倫理中？

A.Strongwilltoovercomedifficultiesthatstandintheway.A.克服阻礙前進(jìn)的困難的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)意志。

B.Devotiontogetfreeaccesstoinformation.B.致力于免費(fèi)獲取信息。

C.Concentrationontheimprovementoftheircraft.C.專注于提高他們的技藝。

D.Immensepowertocreateartandbeauty.D.創(chuàng)造藝術(shù)和美的巨大力量。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞hackerethic定位至最后一段第二句“這個(gè)信條包括幾個(gè)要素：承諾免費(fèi)使用電腦和信息（totalandfreeaccesstocomputersandinformation），相信計(jì)算機(jī)的巨大力量（beliefinimmensepowersofcomputers）可以改善人們的生活以及創(chuàng)造藝術(shù)和美麗，蔑視針對自由訪問計(jì)算而設(shè)置的障礙（disdainforobstacleserectedagainstfreeaccesstocomputing），和堅(jiān)持評估黑客的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)只有精湛的技術(shù)和成就（insistencethathackersbeevaluatedbyothercriteriathantechnicalvirtuosityandaccomplishment）”，從中可知，B項(xiàng)“致力于免費(fèi)獲取信息”是包含在黑客倫理里面的。故該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“克服阻礙前進(jìn)的困難的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)意志”原文沒有提及，無中生有；

C項(xiàng)“專注于提高他們的技藝”，原文是堅(jiān)持評估黑客的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)只有精湛的技術(shù)和成就，并沒有說明他們要專注于提高技藝，曲解原文；

D項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)造藝術(shù)和美的巨大力量”，原文是“計(jì)算機(jī)的巨大力量（immensepowersofcomputers）”，并不是藝術(shù)和美的巨大力量，屬于曲解原文。

7.單選題

Johnwasso______inhisbookthathedidnothearthedoorbellring.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.engaged

B.occupied

C.absorbed

D.concentrated

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)engaged“忙碌的”，beengagedin表示“參與，從事于”；B項(xiàng)occupied“已占用的”，beoccupiedin表示“使忙碌于，使從事于”；C項(xiàng)absorbed“被吸收的”，beabsorbedin表示“專心于”；D項(xiàng)concentrated“集中的，濃縮的”，beconcentratedin表示“集中在……”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞hisbook“他的書”和后面的句子didnothearthedoorbellring“沒有聽到門鈴聲”可知，空格部分表示“專心于，專注于”符合語境。句意：約翰在專心看書，以至于沒聽見門鈴響。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Thisproblemshouldbediscussedfirstforittakes（）overalltheotherissues.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.precedence

B.prosperity

C.presumption

D.probability

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)precedence“優(yōu)先，居先”；B選項(xiàng)prosperity“繁榮，成功”；C選項(xiàng)presumption“放肆，傲慢”；D選項(xiàng)probability“可能性，機(jī)率”。句意：這個(gè)問題應(yīng)該（）討論，因?yàn)樗绕渌麊栴}都重要。本句表示的是“這個(gè)問題應(yīng)該優(yōu)先討論”，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.單選題

Heatisnothingmorethantheenergyofatomsinmotion;so,ifyoucanslowdownatoms,youarecoolingthem（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ineffect

B.nextto

C.atrandom

D.inhand

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)ineffect“實(shí)際上；生效”；B選項(xiàng)nextto“幾乎，差不多；緊挨著”；C選項(xiàng)atrandom“胡亂地；隨便地；任意地”；D選項(xiàng)inhand“在手頭；在進(jìn)行中；在控制中”。句意：熱只不過是原子運(yùn)動的能量；所以，如果你能使原子慢下來，你······是在給它們降溫。由句意判斷可知，此處“實(shí)際上你是在給它們降溫”與前半句“熱只不過是原子運(yùn)動的能量”邏輯通順。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Globalwarmingiscausingmorethan300,000deathsandabout$125billionineconomiclosseseachyear,accordingtoareportbytheGlobalHumanitarianForum,anorganizationledbyAnnan,theformerUnitedNationssecretarygeneral.

Thereport,tobereleasedFriday,analyzeddataandexistingstudiesofhealth,disaster,populationandeconomictrends.Itfoundthathuman-influencedclimatechangewasraisingtheglobaldeathratesfromillnessesincludingmalnutrition(營養(yǎng)不良)andheat-relatedhealthproblems.

Butevenbeforeitsrelease,thereportdrewcriticismfromsomeexpertsonclimateandrisk,whoquestioneditsmethodsandconclusions.

Alongwiththedeaths,thereportsaidthatthelivesof325millionpeople,primarilyinpoorcountries,werebeingseriouslyaffectedbyclimatechange.Itprojectedthatthenumberwoulddoubleby2030.

RogerPielkeJr.,apoliticalscientistattheUniversityofColorado,Boulder,whostudiesdisastertrends,saidtheForum’sreportwas“amethodologicalembarrassment”becausetherewasnowaytodistinguishdeathsoreconomiclossesrelatedtohuman-drivenglobalwarmingamidthemuchlargerlossesresultingfromthegrowthinpopulationsandeconomicdevelopmentinvulnerable(易受傷害的)regions.Dr.Pielkesaidthat“climatechangeisanimportantproblemrequiringourutmostattention”.Butthereport,hesaid,“willharmthecauseforactiononbothclimatechangeanddisastersbecauseitissodeeplyflawed(有瑕疵的)”.

However,SorenAndreasen,asocialscientistatDalbergGlobalDevelopmentPartnerswhosupervisedthewritingofthereport,defendedit,sayingthatitwasclearthatthenumberswereroughestimates.Hesaidthereportwasaimedatworldleaders,whowillmeetinCopenhageninDecembertonegotiateanewinternationalclimatetreaty.

Inapressreleasedescribingthereport,Mr.Annanstressedtheneedforthenegotiationstofocusonincreasingtheflowofmoneyfromrichtopoorregionstohelpreducetheirvulnerabilitytoclimatehazardswhilestillcurbingtheemissionsoftheheat-trappinggases.Morethan90%ofthehumanandeconomiclossesfromclimatechangeareoccurringinpoorcountries,accordingtothereport.

1.WhatisthefindingoftheGlobalHumanitarianForum?

2.WhatdowelearnabouttheForum’sreportfromthepassage?

3.WhatdoesDr.PielkesayabouttheForum’sreport?

4.WhatisSorenAndreasen’sviewofthereport?

5.WhatdoesKofiAnnansayshouldbethefocusoftheCopenhagenconference?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Globaltemperaturesaffecttherateofeconomicdevelopment.

B.Ratesofdeathfromillnesshaverisenduetoglobalwarming.

C.Malnutritionhascausedserioushealthproblemsinpoorcountries.

D.Economictrendshavetodowithpopulationandnaturaldisasters.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itwaschallengedbysomeclimateandriskexperts.

B.Itarousedalotofinterestinthescientificcircles.

C.Itwaswarmlyreceivedbyenvironmentalists.

D.Itcausedabigstirindevelopingcountries.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itsstatisticslookembarrassing.

B.Itisinvalidintermsofmethodology.

C.Itdeservesourclosestattention.

D.Itsconclusionispurposelyexaggerated.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itsconclusionsarebasedoncarefullycollecteddata.

B.Itisvulnerabletocriticismifthestatisticsarecloselyexamined.

C.ItwillgiverisetoheateddiscussionsattheCopenhagenconference.

D.Itsroughestimatesaremeanttodrawtheattentionofworldleaders.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Howrichandpoorregionscanshareresponsibilityincurbingglobalwarming.

B.Howhumanandeconomiclossesfromclimatechangecanbereduced.

C.Howemissionsofheat-trappinggasescanbereducedonaglobalscale.

D.Howrichcountriescanbetterhelppoorregionsreduceclimatehazards.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句Itfoundthathuman-influencedclimatechangewasraisingtheglobaldeathratesfromillnessesincludingmalnutritionandheat-relatedhealthproblems.（研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，受人類影響的氣候變化提高了包括營養(yǎng)不良和與高溫相關(guān)的各種疾病的全球死亡率。），可知全球變暖造成疾病死亡率上升，沒有說到貧窮國家的具體情況，B選項(xiàng)“由于全球變暖，疾病的死亡率上升了”正確，C選項(xiàng)“營養(yǎng)不良在貧窮國家造成了嚴(yán)重的健康問題”錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“全球氣溫影響經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的速度”：根據(jù)第一段Globalwarmingiscausingmorethan300,000deathsandabout$125billionineconomiclosseseachyear（全球變暖每年造成超過30萬人死亡，約1250億美元的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。），可知全球變暖造成經(jīng)濟(jì)損失，而不是影響經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展速度，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)趨勢與人口和自然災(zāi)害有關(guān)”：根據(jù)第二段第一句Thereport,tobereleasedFriday,analyzeddataandexistingstudiesofhealth,disaster,populationandeconomictrends.（這份將于周五發(fā)布的報(bào)告分析了有關(guān)健康、災(zāi)害、人口和經(jīng)濟(jì)趨勢的數(shù)據(jù)和現(xiàn)有研究。），可知并沒有指出這些研究內(nèi)容的關(guān)系，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段Butevenbeforeitsrelease,thereportdrewcriticismfromsomeexpertsonclimateandrisk,whoquestioneditsmethodsandconclusions.（但在發(fā)布之前，該報(bào)告就遭到了一些氣候和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)專家的批評，他們質(zhì)疑報(bào)告的方法和結(jié)論。），可知有的氣候和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)專家對此提出質(zhì)疑，A選項(xiàng)“它受到了一些氣候和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)專家的質(zhì)疑”正確。B選項(xiàng)“它引起了科學(xué)界的極大興趣”，C選項(xiàng)“它受到了環(huán)保主義者的熱烈歡迎”和D選項(xiàng)“它在發(fā)展中國家引起了很大的轟動”：文中沒有提到這個(gè)報(bào)告在整個(gè)科學(xué)界和發(fā)展中國家的影響，也沒有提到環(huán)保主義者對此的看法，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句RogerPielkeJr.,…saidtheForum’sreportwas“amethodologicalembarrassment”（RogerPielkeJr.說論壇的報(bào)告是“方法論上的難題”），可知Pielke不認(rèn)同這份報(bào)告的方法，沒有對其數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行評價(jià)，B選項(xiàng)“從方法論來講是無效的”正確，A選項(xiàng)“統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)看起來很尷尬”錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“值得我們密切關(guān)注”：根據(jù)第五段第二句Dr.Pielkesaidthat“climatechangeisanimportantproblemrequiringourutmostattention”.（皮爾克博士說“氣候變化是一個(gè)需要我們高度關(guān)注的重要問題?！保?，可知需要關(guān)注的是氣候變化而非報(bào)告，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“結(jié)論被故意夸大”：文中沒有提到。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第六段However,SorenAndreasen…sayingthatitwasclearthatthenumberswereroughestimates.Hesaidthereportwasaimedatworldleaders,whowillmeetinCopenhageninDecembertonegotiateanewinternationalclimatetreaty.（然而，SorenAndreasen……稱這些數(shù)字顯然是粗略的估計(jì)。他說，這份報(bào)告的目標(biāo)是世界各國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，他們將于12月在哥本哈根開會，就新的國際氣候條約進(jìn)行談判。），可知報(bào)告的數(shù)據(jù)是粗略的估計(jì)，不是仔細(xì)收集的，A選項(xiàng)“報(bào)告的結(jié)論基于仔細(xì)收集的數(shù)據(jù)”錯(cuò)誤；而這粗略的估計(jì)主要是給世界各國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人看的，D選項(xiàng)“報(bào)告粗略估計(jì)是為了吸引世界領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的注意”正確；這些世界各國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人將出席哥本哈根，而不是說報(bào)告會在這個(gè)會議上引起熱烈討論，C選項(xiàng)“報(bào)告將在哥本哈根會議上引起熱烈的討論”錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“如果仔細(xì)核查統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，報(bào)告經(jīng)不起推敲”：文中沒有提到。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)。根據(jù)第七段第一句Inapressreleasedescribingthereport,Mr.Annanstressedtheneedforthenegotiationstofocusonincreasingtheflowofmoneyfromrichtopoorregionstohelpreducetheirvulnerabilitytoclimatehazardswhilestillcurbingtheemissionsoftheheat-trappinggases.（Annan在描述這份報(bào)告的新聞稿中強(qiáng)調(diào)，談判有必要把重點(diǎn)放在增加從富裕地區(qū)向貧困地區(qū)的資金流動上，以幫助這些地區(qū)降低對氣候?yàn)?zāi)害的脆弱性，同時(shí)仍然控制溫室氣體的排放。），可知Annan認(rèn)為重點(diǎn)應(yīng)該是富裕地區(qū)幫助貧困地區(qū)面對氣候?yàn)?zāi)害，而不是如何解決全球性的問題，D選項(xiàng)“富裕國家如何更好地幫助貧困地區(qū)減少氣候?yàn)?zāi)害”正確；A選項(xiàng)“富國和窮國如何分擔(dān)遏制全球變暖的責(zé)任”，B選項(xiàng)“如何減少氣候變化造成的人類和經(jīng)濟(jì)損失”和C選項(xiàng)“如何在全球范圍內(nèi)減少溫室氣體的排放”錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Thereisgrowing（）amongecologiststhatbiodiversitycannotbeadequatelyconservedbyprotectedareasalone.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.consensus

B.concession

C.conception

D.contention

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)consensus“共識，一致”，B選項(xiàng)concession“讓步，妥協(xié)”，C選項(xiàng)conception“構(gòu)想，懷孕”，D選項(xiàng)contention“爭論，觀點(diǎn)”。句意:生態(tài)學(xué)家們越來越一致認(rèn)為，僅靠保護(hù)區(qū)是不能充分保護(hù)生物多樣性的。因此，A選項(xiàng)符合句意。

12.單選題

He（）meanttogivehisopinion,nottostartanargument.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.merely

B.sincerely

C.actually

D.definitely

【答案】A

【解析】句意:他僅僅是打算提出自己的觀點(diǎn)，并非想展開辯論。

考查副詞辨析。merely僅僅；sincerely真誠地，誠懇地；actually確實(shí)；definitely明確地；確定地。因此A符合句意。

13.翻譯題

Theinitialfundofgeneralscientificknowledgeisaninvaluableasset,buttheyoungresearchworkershouldhavenoillusionabouthowlittleitiscomparedwithwhatheorsheshouldacquireduringsucceedingyears.Astotheprecisevalueofthisinitialfundofknowledge,thisdependstoagreatdegreeonhowithasbeenacquiredandonwhohasbeenimpartingit.(1)Youngscientistscannotrealizetoosoonthatexistingscientificknowledgeisnotnearlysocomplete,certainandunalterableasmanytextbooksseemtoimply.

Theoriginalpapersofgreatscientistsdescribingtheirdiscoveriesandexplainingtheirtheoriesareneverasrigidandself-confidentastheresumesofthesediscoveriesandtheoriesintextbooksbyothermenoftensuggest.Youngscientistsconsultingtheseoriginalworkswillfindinthem"itappearsthat”,“itprobablymeans’’,“itseemslikelythat”n,morethanonce,asexpressionsofelementsofdoubtwhichgreatmenfeltandhonestlyputonrecord.(2)Manystatementswhichhaveappearedintextbooksasuniversalandabsolutetruthshave,intheiroriginalform,beenputforwardasonlyapproximatelytrue,ortrueonlyincertaincircumstances.

Immediatelyuponstartingonthefirstseriouspieceofresearch,ayoungscientistmustthereforedotwothings.(3)Thefirstoftheseshouldbeacarefulreadingoforiginalpapersorbooksrelatingtotheproblem,writtenbyinvestigatorswhosetechniqueandjudgmenthecantrust.Whilereadingthesepublicationsinamostattentiveandreceptivemanner,theyoungscientistmustnotfallintotheerrorofplacinginthemagreaterconfidencethantheirauthorwouldwishhimtodo.(4)Nogreatscientisteverwantshispupilstobemeretaperecorders,faithfullyrecordinghisremarks,neverquestioninganything.Neverwantingtoaddtoorsubtractfromwhathehasgiventhem.Thesecondthingayoungscientistmustdo,almostbutnotquitesimultaneouslywiththefirst,istoproceedwithobservationsandexperiments.(5)Theinitialobservationsandexperimentswillbefailures,buttheywillhelpthedevelopmentofappropriateexperimentaltechnique,andtheywillgiveagreaterunderstandingoftheliteraturetheyoungscientistisstudying.

【答案】1.年輕的科學(xué)家們要盡快意識到現(xiàn)在的科學(xué)知識不像許多教科書所暗示的那樣全面、肯定以及不可改變。2.教科書很多普遍且絕對的真理最初只是作為接近真理或者某種特定情況下的真理而提出來的。

3.第一件事是認(rèn)真閱讀由那些技術(shù)和評價(jià)都值得信任的調(diào)查者寫下的關(guān)于這個(gè)問題的原始論文或者書籍。4.沒有哪位偉大的科學(xué)家希望他的學(xué)生僅僅像錄音機(jī)似的原原本本地記錄下他的話語，從來不問問題，從不想對他教授的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行增添或削減。

5.最開始的觀察和實(shí)驗(yàn)會失敗，但它們有助于開發(fā)合適的實(shí)驗(yàn)技術(shù)，并且它們有助于年輕科學(xué)家更好地理解他們正在研究的文獻(xiàn)。

14.單選題

Modernmanufacturinghas（）aglobalriverofmaterialsintoastunningarrayofnewproducts.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.translated

B.transformed

C.transferred

D.transported

【答案】B

【解析】句意:現(xiàn)代制造業(yè)已經(jīng)將全球材料轉(zhuǎn)變成驚人的一系列新產(chǎn)品。

考查動詞辨析。選項(xiàng)均為對應(yīng)動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。translate翻譯，（使）轉(zhuǎn)化成……；transform把……轉(zhuǎn)變成……；transfer（使）轉(zhuǎn)移；transport運(yùn)輸。而且空格處動詞應(yīng)與into搭配。因此B項(xiàng)符合句意跟搭配。

15.單選題

From1965to1978Americanconsumerpricesincreasedatanaverageannualrateof5.7percent.Thisominousshiftwasfollowedbyconsumerpricegainsof13.3percentin1979.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.promising

B.overwhelming

C.threatening

D.astonishing

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。ominous“預(yù)兆的；不吉利的”；A選項(xiàng)promising“有希望的，有前途的”；B選項(xiàng)overwhelming“壓倒性的；勢不可擋的”；C選項(xiàng)threatening“危險(xiǎn)的；脅迫的；兇兆的”；D選項(xiàng)astonishing“驚人的；令人驚訝的”。句意：從1965年到1978年，美國消費(fèi)者價(jià)格平均每年增長5.7%。這種不吉利的轉(zhuǎn)變之后，1979年消費(fèi)者價(jià)格上漲了13.3%?！皁minous”本身就有“不吉利的”的意思，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Manycountriesarefacingthequestionofhowto（

）thebestofmodemtechnologywithoutlosingthebenefitsoftheirtraditionalwayoflife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.assimilate

B.utilize

C.extinguish

D.elude

【答案】B

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。Assimilate“同化”；utilize“利用”；extinguish“熄火，壓制”；elude“避開，逃避”。句意：許多國家都面臨著如何在不喪失其傳統(tǒng)生活方式的好處的情況下，充分利用現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的問題。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

17.單選題

Thisbookisdividedintofivesections.Eachsection（

）adifferentaspectoftheproblem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dealswith

B.copeswith

C.solves

D.handles

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。dealwith“處理，涉及”；copewith“處理，應(yīng)付”；solve“解決，解答”；handle“處理”。句意：這本書分為五個(gè)部分，每個(gè)部分都涉及問題的不同方面。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.單選題

Improvedconsumerconfidenceis______toaneconomicrecovery.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.crucial

B.subordinate

C.cumulative

D.satisfactory

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)crucial“重要的；決定性的；定局的；決斷的”；B選項(xiàng)subordinate“從屬的，隸屬的；次要的”；C選項(xiàng)cumulative“累積的”；D選項(xiàng)satisfactory“滿意的；符合要求的；贖罪的”。句意：消費(fèi)者信心的改善對經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇至關(guān)重要。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Mobileofficeisthemutualproductofeconomic,scientific,andsocialprogress.Mobileofficehasbecomeasolutionthatprovidesuserswithconvenient,prompt,safe,reliable,andreasonablypricedcommunicationsandofficefacultyanywhereanytimeviathesupportofmobileinterconnectionplatform(MIP)anditsapplicationssystems.

Whenyouleaveyourofficetoattendmeetingsortravelonbusiness,whatwouldhappentoyourbusinessroutine?Ofcourse,faxesande-mailswouldbestillsenttoyourfaxmachineore-mailbox,butyoucannotreadthemandmakepromptreactiontimely.Whenyourclientsneedyoutomakesomeurgentmodificationsonyourworkandyouareneitherintheofficenorcarryingrelevantdocuments,whatcanyoudo?Maybeyouhavetosay"sorry"totheclients.Butyourbusinesswillbeaffected,theclientswillbeunhappyanddisappointedbecauseofyourdelay,andyouwilllosealotofbusinessopportunities.

Infact,veryfrequently,youneedtocheck,reply,distribute,display,modify,orreadsomematerialswhenyouarenotinyouroffice.Youmustgetoutofthisdilemma.Thebestsolutiontonormallyhandleyourbusinessanywhereanytimeandnottodisappointyourclientsistoletyouroffice"move"withyou.Thus,youcanhaveconvenient,prompt,safe,reliable,andreasonablypricedcommunicationsandofficefacultyanywhereanytime.Withthedevelopmentofcommunicationstechnology,networkapplication,andwirelessinterconnection,mobileofficehasbecomesimplerandsmaller,andevencanberealizedviaonemobilephonewithdatacommunicationsfunction.Thus,mobileofficehasalreadybeenputintoyourpocket,andofficemobilityhasbeenrealized.

Mobileofficehasprovidedpeoplewithconvenient,casualworkingenvironment,butatthesametimeitstillhassomeunsatisfactoryaspectssuchasmismatchingequipmentinterfaceandinadequatebattery.Nevertheless,webelievethatwithtechnicalprogress,peoplecancertainlyovercomeallkindsofdifficulties.Mobileofficewillmakeyourcareerunimpeded,andwillrealizethedreamofcompletelyfreecommunication.Userswillenjoymorecolorfullifeandbetterworkingenvironment,andusers'livingstandard,workingefficiency,andevenenterprises’productionefficiencywillcertainlybeimmenselyraised.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（）.

2.Welearnfromthepassagethatwithoutmobileoffice,（）.

3.Thepassagesuggeststhatmobileofficeisnecessary,especiallywhen（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementbestexpressesthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?

5.Intheeyesoftheauthor,mobileoffice（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.mobileofficeistheonlywaybywhichpeoplecouldenjoypromptandsafeworkingenvironment

B.withthedevelopmentofscience,mobileofficecomestoourlifeinevitably

C.peoplehadnoconvenientandreliablecommunicationsandofficefacultybefore

D.mobileinterconnectionplatformanditsapplicationsystemsisthecoreofmobileoffice

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.youcannotputyourbusinessroutineasideorattendmeetings

B.youcannotreadfaxesande-mailswhenyoutravelonbusiness

C.youcannotmakeapologiestotheclientsforyourdelay

D.youcannotcatchanybusinessopportunitiesbecauseofbadworkingcondition

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.youneedtomakesomeurgentmodificationonyourwork

B.youneedtoreadandreplyfaxesande-mails

C.youareoutoftheofficetoattendmeetings

D.youcanputthemobileofficeintoyourpocket

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Whenyouleaveyouroffice,youshouldnotforgetyourbusinessroutine.

B.Youwilllosealotofbusinessopportunitiesifyoualwaysdelayyourwork.

C.Whenyouleaveyouroffice,yourbusinessroutinewouldbeharmed.

D.Whenyoucannotmeettheneedofyourclients,youshouldsay“sorry”.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.hassomefatalshortcomings

B.istooexpensivetoafford

C.wouldberealizedinthefuture

D.hasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第一段“Mobileofficehasbecomeasolutionthatprovidesuserswithconvenient,prompt,safe,reliable,andreasonablypricedcommunicationsandofficefacultyanywhereanytimeviathesupportofmobileinterconnectionplatform(MIP)anditsapplicationssystems.移動辦公通過移動互聯(lián)平臺（MIP）及其應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)的支持，已成為一種為用戶提供方便、及時(shí)、安全、可靠、價(jià)格合理的通信和辦公能力的解決方案?！笨芍狣項(xiàng)“移動互聯(lián)平臺及其應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)是移動辦公的核心”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第二段“Whatwouldhappentoyourbusinessroutine?Ofcourse,faxesande-mailswouldbestillsenttoyourfaxmachineore-mailbox,butyoucannotreadthemandmakepromptreactiontimely.你的日常工作會發(fā)生什么?當(dāng)然，傳真和電子郵件仍然會發(fā)送到你的傳真機(jī)或電子信箱，但你不能及時(shí)閱讀并且做出迅速反應(yīng)?！笨芍狟項(xiàng)正確。

3.推理判斷題。由第三段“Infact,veryfrequently,youneedtocheck,reply,distribute,display,modify,orreadsomematerialswhenyouarenotinyouroffice.Youmustgetoutofthisdilemma.Thebestsolutiontonormallyhandleyourbusinessanywhereanytimeandnottodisappointyourclientsistoletyouroffice"move"withyou.事實(shí)上，當(dāng)你不在辦公室的時(shí)候，你經(jīng)常需要檢查、回復(fù)、分發(fā)、展示、修改或閱讀一些材料。你必須擺脫這種困境。要想在任何時(shí)間、任何地點(diǎn)正常處理業(yè)務(wù)，又不讓客戶失望，最好的辦法就是讓你的辦公室隨你一起“移動”?！笨芍?dāng)不在辦公室里時(shí)，最需要移動辦公。故C項(xiàng)正確。AB兩項(xiàng)都缺乏一個(gè)前提即人不在辦公室。D項(xiàng)與題干無關(guān)。

4.主旨大意題。第二段主要講述了當(dāng)你離開辦公室去出差或參加會議時(shí)，如果沒有移動辦公，你的日常商務(wù)活動會受影響。故C項(xiàng)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由最后一段“Mobileofficehasprovidedpeoplewithconvenient,casualworkingenvironment,buta