書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-上海工藝美術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

TheargumentthatChildrenarenolongeraneconomicasset,butmoreofaliability,drewmoreattentionofthepublic.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.responsibility

B.possibility

C.productivity

D.necessity

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)responsibility“責(zé)任，職責(zé)；義務(wù)”；B選項(xiàng)possibility“可能性；可能發(fā)生的事物”；C選項(xiàng)productivity“生產(chǎn)力；生產(chǎn)率；生產(chǎn)能力”；D選項(xiàng)necessity“需要；必然性；必需品”。句意：孩子不再是一種經(jīng)濟(jì)資產(chǎn)，而更多地是一種責(zé)任，這一觀點(diǎn)引起了公眾更多的關(guān)注。本句關(guān)鍵詞liability在句中表示“責(zé)任”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中A選項(xiàng)最合適，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.翻譯題

國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局（NBS）周五發(fā)布的《2018年全國(guó)睡覺時(shí)間使用情況調(diào)查報(bào)告》揭示了中國(guó)人平均每天的時(shí)間分配情況。這包括了他們的工作、睡覺、家務(wù)、休閑娛樂等不同活動(dòng)。這項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，低收入人群平均看電視的時(shí)間為每天1小時(shí)50分鐘。這比中等收入人群多15分鐘，比較高收入組多32分鐘，比高收入人群多46分鐘。國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局高級(jí)統(tǒng)計(jì)員金紅表示，2008年和2018年的時(shí)間使用情況調(diào)查顯示，中國(guó)人均生活質(zhì)量有所改善。

SectionBTranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.

【答案】

The2018NationalSurveyReportontheUtilizationofBedtime,releasedbytheNationalBureauofStatistics(NBS)onFriday,revealedhowChinesepeopletoallocatetheirdaily'stimeaveragely.Thisincludeswork,sleep,housework,recreationandotherdifferentactivities.Accordingtothesurvey,theaveragetimeoflow-incomegroupwatchingTVis1hourand50minutesaday,whichis15minutesmorethanmedium-incomegroup,32minutesmorethanthehigh-incomegroupand46minutesmorethanthehigh-incomegroup.Jinhong,aseniorstatisticianattheNBS,saidthatthequalityoflifepercapitainChinahadimproved,whichwasshowedbythesurveyonsituationoftimeutilizationin2008and2018.

3.單選題

（）theirterms,wewouldgobankrupt.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ifweaccept

B.Ifweshouldaccept

C.Ifwehadaccepted

D.Ifwearetoaccept

【答案】B

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。虛擬語(yǔ)氣常見的三種形式：與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，從句用“had+過(guò)去分詞”，主句用“should（would，could，might）+have+過(guò)去分詞”；與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，系動(dòng)詞用were，主句的謂語(yǔ)用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”；與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should（wereto）+動(dòng)詞原形”，主句用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”。句意：假如我們接受他們的條件的話，我們就會(huì)破產(chǎn)。表示的是與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Toomuch（

）toX-rayscancauseskinburns,cancerorotherdamagetothebody.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.disclosure

B.exhibition

C.contact

D.exposure

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“揭露，揭發(fā)”；B選項(xiàng)“展示”；C選項(xiàng)“聯(lián)系，接觸”；D選項(xiàng)“暴露”。句意：太多（）在X光線上會(huì)導(dǎo)致曬傷，癌癥以及身體其他部位的損傷。答案選D，暴露在X-光里。C選項(xiàng)一般表用郵件或者電話聯(lián)系或接觸，所以不能選。

5.單選題

Whywouldanywomaninherrightmindchoosetowalkontheballsofherfeetwithherheelsproppedupbyspikes?Thehistoricalansweristhathighheelsreflectaristocratictastes—specifically,thetastesoftheseventeenth-centuryFrenchcourt,whichfirstpopularizedtheminEurope.Notonlydidheelskeepthewearer'sfeetrelativelymudfree,theyalsocreatedaphysicalelevationtomatchthesocialelevationofthestylish,exaggeratedthestruttinggaitofthenobleclasses,andtheysuggested,bytheirveryprecariousness,thattheirownerscouldaffordnottoworryaboutfallingontheirfaces.Indeed,asBernardRudofskypointsout,seventeenth-centurywearersofhighheels,menandwomen,frequentlyhadtobetransportedinsedanchairsbecausetheycouldnotmanagecobblestonesonfoot.Some“heels”inthaterawereactuallyfull-soledplatforms,andtowalkonthesethingsatall,oneneededtheconstantelbowsupportoftwoservants.

Thehelplessnessassociatedwiththeraised-heelstyleencouragedthenotionthatheeledpersonswereabovehavingtocareforthemselves.Inviewofthis,itisnotsurprisingthateventodayitiswomen,almostexclusively,whowearheels.Highheelsarethecobbler'scontributiontowhatIhavecalledthepedestalploy.Theylinkphysicalincapacitywiththenotionofwomanasa“higherbeing”一toohightogetalongonherown.

Womenhavetakentohighheels,ofcourse,becausetheyfeel,correctly,thattheyincreasetheirattractivenesstomen.Partofthatincreasedattractivenesshastodowithmalefantasiesoffemalefragility.AsfashioniconoclastElizabethHawesputsit,“Theideaisthathe,inhisheavyshoes,shouldfeelstrongerandmorecapablethansheonherfragilestilts.Nevermindtherealities.”Anotherpartofitmaybebiological.Inhisdiscussionofrumpdisplayamongmammals,DaleGuthrienotesthatthe“l(fā)inesofthebuttocks,thigh,calfandanklehaveanativesexualstimulation,butthiscanbeincreasedwithhigh-heeledshoes;thecurvesareexaggeratedwhentheheelislifted.”Heelsalsoexaggeratethelateralmotionofbuttocks.Theultimatefunctionofhighheels,therefore,maybetofuelthemalebeliefthatwomenarebothimpotentandseductive.

1.Thepassageismainlyabout（）.

2.Fromhistoricalpointofview,highheels（）.

3.Womenonhighheelssuggestthat（）.

4.Themostimportantreasonforwomen'spreferencetohighheelsisthat（）.

5.Themen'sattitudestowardswomen'swearinghighheelsarethat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.highheels

B.functionsofhighheels

C.historyofhighheels

D.womenonhighheels

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.weretheexclusivepassionofwomen

B.werewornbybothmenandwomen

C.symbolizedthetastesofaristocracy

D.werethecharacteristicsofnobleclasses

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theyarealwayshelplessashighheels

B.theyaredependableaswellasfragile

C.theyalwayshavesomesuperiority

D.highheelsarestillfashionable

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.biologicalweak-pointscanbereduced

B.attractivenesstomenisincreased

C.socialelevationcanbeshown

D.aristocratictastesarereflected

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theyareconsideredweakerthanmen

B.theyareregardedasbiologicallyincapable

C.theyarejustinbiologicalneed.

D.theyarethoughttobecharmingandfeeble

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,本文主要是講高跟鞋的作用,選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.根據(jù)第一段的第二句“Thehistoricalansweristhathighheelsreflectaristocratictastes—specifically,thetastesoftheseventeenth-centuryFrenchcourt,...”從歷史的角度來(lái)看,高跟鞋反映了貴族的品味——尤其是17世紀(jì)法國(guó)宮廷的品味。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Thehelplessnessassociatedwiththeraised-heelstyleencouragedthenotionthatheeledpersonswereabovehavingtocareforthemselves.”與高跟鞋風(fēng)格相關(guān)的無(wú)助感,助長(zhǎng)了一種觀念,即穿高跟鞋的人不必為自己操心。也就是說(shuō),高跟鞋對(duì)于女性來(lái)說(shuō)既是可靠的,但也很脆弱,所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.根據(jù)第三段的第一句“Womenhavetakentohighheels,ofcourse,becausetheyfeel,correctly,thattheyincreasetheirattractivenesstomen.”當(dāng)然,確切的說(shuō),女性選擇高跟鞋是因?yàn)樗齻冇X得高跟鞋增加了她們對(duì)男性的吸引力。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Theultimatefunctionofhighheels,therefore,maybetofuelthemalebeliefthatwomenarebothimpotentandseductive.”因此,高跟鞋的終極功能可能是讓男性更加相信女性既脆弱又有魅力。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

6.單選題

Heclaimstobeanexpertinastronomy,butinactualfactheisquiteignorantonthesubject.（

）heknowsaboutitisoutofdateandinaccurate.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Whatlittle

B.Somuch

C.Howmuch

D.Solittle

【答案】A

【解析】句意:他聲稱自己在天文學(xué)方面是一個(gè)專家，但是實(shí)際上他在這方面相當(dāng)無(wú)知。他所知道的都是過(guò)時(shí)和不準(zhǔn)確的。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾槊~性從句。heknowsaboutit為后面句子的主語(yǔ)部分，因此本句為名詞性從句作主語(yǔ)，且句子中缺少成分，故應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)，再根據(jù)句意可知他對(duì)天文學(xué)是無(wú)知的，因此應(yīng)選little表示否定的意義，故應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。

7.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatetheunderlinedpartofthefollowingTEXTintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

在一般人的觀念中，中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化和現(xiàn)代生活似乎是兩個(gè)截然不同而且相互對(duì)立的實(shí)體。前者是中國(guó)幾千年積累下來(lái)的舊文化傳統(tǒng)，后者則是近百余年才出現(xiàn)的一套新的生活方式，而且源于西方。所以這兩者的沖突實(shí)質(zhì)上也被理解為西方現(xiàn)代文化對(duì)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的沖擊與挑戰(zhàn)。

在這個(gè)一般的理解之下產(chǎn)生種種不同的觀點(diǎn)與態(tài)度，但大體上可以分為兩個(gè)方向，一方面是擁抱西方文化，認(rèn)為中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化是現(xiàn)代生活的阻礙，另一方面則極力維護(hù)傳統(tǒng)，視西方的現(xiàn)代生活破壞了傳統(tǒng)的道德秩序。在這兩種極端的態(tài)度之間當(dāng)然還存在著不同程度及模式各異的調(diào)和論。實(shí)際上，中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化與現(xiàn)代生活并不是兩個(gè)不相干也不是相互排斥對(duì)立的實(shí)體?！艾F(xiàn)代生活”即是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化在現(xiàn)代的具體轉(zhuǎn)變。中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的現(xiàn)代轉(zhuǎn)變使其已經(jīng)脫離了舊的軌道，并且不可否認(rèn)地受到了西方文化的重大影響。但現(xiàn)代文化并不等同于西方文化，我們所接納的科技以及制度層面上的西方文化并不會(huì)觸及中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的價(jià)值系統(tǒng)的核心部分。

【答案】Undersuchageneralcomprehension,variousviewsandattitudeshavearisen.Buttheycanroughlybedividedintotwodifferentdirections:oneistoembracewesternculture,regardingtraditionalChinesecultureasahindrancetomodernlife;theotherstrivestomaintaintradition,believingthatthewesternmodernlifehasbrokenthetraditionalmoralorder.Betweenthesetwoextremesofattitude,ofcourse,thereareavarietyofopinionsindifferentdegreesandpatterns.Infact,Chinesetraditionalcultureandmodernlifeareneithermutuallyexclusivenoropposingentities.“Modernlife”istheconcretetransformationofChinesetraditionalcultureinmoderntimes.ThemoderntransformationofChinesetraditionalculturehasalreadydeviateditselfawayfromtheoldtrackandundeniablysufferedthesubstantialinfluencesfromwesternculture.

8.單選題

Mr.Smithhadanunusual（）:hewasfirstanofficeclerk,thenasailor,andendedupasaschoolteacher.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.profession

B.occupation

C.position

D.career

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)profession“職業(yè)；專業(yè)”，一般是指需要經(jīng)過(guò)專業(yè)培訓(xùn)的職業(yè)，尤指需要較高的受教育水平的職業(yè)；B選項(xiàng)occupation“職業(yè)；占有”，泛指任何一種工作，多用于表格填寫或正式書面語(yǔ)中；C選項(xiàng)position“位置；職位”，多指所處的方位；D選項(xiàng)career“生涯；職業(yè)”，指從事的職業(yè)或希望畢生從事的事業(yè)。句意：史密斯先生有一個(gè)不同尋常的職業(yè)生涯：他最初是一名辦公室職員，然后是一名水手，最后成為一所學(xué)校的老師。他的職業(yè)從職員到水手，最后到老師，是一段任職經(jīng)歷，而不單單指一份職業(yè)，故選D。

9.單選題

DuringRomantimes,（）andmarblewerethematerialsmostcommonlyusedforsculpture.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.booth

B.brood

C.bust

D.bronze

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)booth“貨攤；公用電話亭”；B選項(xiàng)brood“一窩；一伙”；C選項(xiàng)bust“破產(chǎn)；半身像；胸部”；D選項(xiàng)bronze“青銅”。句意：在羅馬時(shí)代，……和大理石是最常用于雕刻的材料。由后面的并列名詞marble“大理石”，可知需要填入一個(gè)和大理石一樣能夠進(jìn)行雕刻的材料。因此可以排除A，B，C選項(xiàng)。D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.

在所有的節(jié)日中，春節(jié)對(duì)于我們中國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)是最重要的。

陰歷年到來(lái)的前幾天，我們便把房子打掃得干干凈凈并裝飾一新。老人們說(shuō)必須干干凈凈過(guò)春節(jié)，這樣來(lái)年才會(huì)幸福，交好運(yùn)。

除夕全家歡聚一堂共進(jìn)晚餐，春節(jié)慶祝活動(dòng)便以此作為開始。人們不論離家多遠(yuǎn)，都總是想方設(shè)法及時(shí)趕回家去分享這頓持續(xù)幾個(gè)小時(shí)的豐盛晚餐。

【答案】Ofallthefestivals,theSpringFestivalisthemostimportantforourChinesepeople.

SeveraldaysbeforetheLunarNewYear,wehaveourhousesweptanddecorated.TheeldersaythatcleannessmustbethenecessityfortheSpringFestivalandwewillbehappyandhaveagoodluckinthecomingyearbykeepingcleanness.

OnNewYear'sEve,allfamilymembersmerrilygathertogethertohaveafamilyreuniondinner,fromwhichtheactivitiesofcelebratingtheSpringFestivalstart.Nomatterhowfarawayfromhometown,peoplealwaysmanagetogetbackhomeintimeforsharingthisbigdinnerwhichoftenlastsforseveralhours.

11.單選題

Minervawasthegoddessofwisdom,butononeoccasionshedidaveryfoolishthing;sheenteredintocompetitionwithJunoandVenusfortheprizeofbeauty.Ithappenedthus:AtthenuptialsofPeleusandThetisallthegodswereinvitedwiththeexceptionofEris,orDiscord.Enragedatherexclusion,thegoddessthrewagoldenappleamongtheguests,withtheinscription,‘‘Forthefairest”ThereuponJuno,Venus,andMinervaeachclaimedtheapple.Jupiter,notwillingtodecideinsodelicateamatter,sentthegoddessestoMountIda,wherethebeautifulshepherdPariswastendinghisflocks,andtohimwascommittedthedecision.Thegoddessesaccordinglyappearedbeforehim.Junopromisedhimpowerandriches’Minervagloryandrenowninwar,andVenusthefairestofwomenforhiswife,eachattemptingtobiashisdecisioninherownfavor.ParisdecidedinfavorofVenusandgaveherthegoldenapple,thusmakingthetwoothergoddesseshisenemies.UndertheprotectionofVenus,ParissailedtoGreece,andwashospitablyreceivedbyMenelaus,kingofSparta.NowHelen,thewifeofMenelaus,wastheverywomanwhomVenushaddestinedforParis,thefairestofhersex.Shehadbeensoughtasabridebynumeroussuitors,andbeforeherdecisionwasmadeknown,theyall,atthesuggestionofUlysses,oneoftheirnumber,tookanoaththattheywoulddefendherfromallinjuryandavengehercauseifnecessary.ShechoseMenelaus,andwaslivingwithhimhappilywhenParisbecametheirguest.Paris,aidedbyVenus,persuadedhertoelopewithhim,andcarriedhertoTroy,whencearosethefamousTrojanWar,thethemeofthegreatestpoemsofantiquity,thoseofHomerandVirgil.

MenelauscalleduponhisbrotherchieftainsofGreecetofulfilltheirpledge,andjoinhiminhiseffortstorecoverhiswife.Theygenerallycameforward,butUlysses,whohadmarriedPenelope,andwasveryhappyinhiswifeandchild,hadnodispositiontoembarkinsuchatroublesomeaffair.HethereforehungbackandPalamedeswassenttourgehim.WhenPalamedesarrivedatIthaca,Ulyssespretendedtobemad.Heyokedanassandanoxtogethertotheploughandbegantosowsalt.Palamedes,totryhim,placedtheinfantTelemachusbeforetheplough,whereuponthefatherturnedtheploughaside,showingplainlythathewasnomadman,andafterthatcouldnolongerrefusetofulfillhispromise.Beingnowhimselfgainedfromtheundertaking,helenthisaidtobringinotherreluctantchief,especiallyAchilles.ThisherowasthesonofthatThetisatwhosemarriagetheappleofDiscordhadbeenthrownamongthegoddesses.Thetiswasherselfoneoftheimmortals,asea-nymph,andknowingthathersonwasfatedtoperishbeforeTroyifhewentontheexpedition,sheendeavoredtopreventhisgoing.ShesenthimawaytothecourtofKingLycomedes,andinducedhimtoconcealhimselfinthedisguiseofamaidenamongthedaughtersoftheking.Ulysses,hearinghewasthere,wentdisguisedasamerchanttothepalaceandofferedforsalefemaleornaments,amongwhichhehadplacedsomearms.Whiletheking’sdaughterswereengrossedwiththeothercontentsofthemerchant’spack,AchilleshandledtheweaponsandtherebybetrayedhimselftothekeeneyeofUlysses,whofoundnogreatdifficultyinpersuadinghimtodisregardhismother’sprudentcounselsandjoinhiscountrymeninthewar.

1.BulfinchdescribesJupiterasunwillingto“decideinsodelicateamatter”implyingthat______.

2.Theunderlinedword“disposition”inthesecondparagraphisusedtomean______.

3.ThesowingofsaltisusedbyBulfinchtoshow______.

4.WhydoesUlyssesdisplayarmsamongtheornaments?

5.Areasonabletitleforthisnarrativemightbe______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Jupiterisusuallyheavy-handed

B.anydecisionisboundtooffendsomeone

C.Jupiterisoverlysensitive

D.theproblemsaresoobscurethatnoonecanjudgethem

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.inclination

B.nature

C.integrity

D.habitation

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Ulysses’sattempttobefoundinsane

B.thedifficultyofcultivatinginrockysoil

C.howthetearsofthegodscreatedthesea

D.thegod’spunishmentofthosewhodisobeythem

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Asadeclarationofwar.

B.Tomisleadthedaughtersoftheking.

C.TotestAchillesintorevealinghimself.

D.Becausehewantstostartanalteration.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.“DisputesandDeceit”

B.“TheAppleofDiscordLeadstoWar”

C.“AchillesandUlysses”

D.“ThePettinessoftheGods”

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.BulfinchdescribesJupiterasunwillingto“decideinsodelicateamatter”implyingthat______.1.布爾芬奇形容丘比特不愿意“在如此微妙的事情上做出決定”，暗示______。

A.Jupiterisusuallyheavy-handedA.丘比特通常很笨拙

B.anydecisionisboundtooffendsomeoneB.任何決定都必然會(huì)冒犯某人

C.JupiterisoverlysensitiveC.丘比特過(guò)于敏感

D.theproblemsaresoobscurethatnoonecanjudgethemD.這些問題如此晦澀，沒人能判斷

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第一段第四句“丘比特不愿對(duì)這樣微妙的問題做出決定，便派眾女神到艾達(dá)山上，正在那里放羊的美麗的牧羊人帕里斯被委以重任”可知，丘比特讓帕里斯決定哪一位女神能夠得到金蘋果，也就是說(shuō)丘比特認(rèn)為這個(gè)問題不好判斷，任何決定都會(huì)冒犯其中兩個(gè)。所以提到“在如此微妙的事情上做出決定”是暗示B項(xiàng)“任何決定都必然會(huì)冒犯某人”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“丘比特通常很笨拙”，從丘比特把這個(gè)問題拋給帕里斯來(lái)看，丘比特并不愚笨，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

C項(xiàng)“丘比特過(guò)于敏感”沒有體現(xiàn)，屬于無(wú)中生有；

D項(xiàng)“這些問題如此晦澀，沒人能判斷”由解題思路可知，該項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Theunderlinedword“disposition”inthesecondparagraphisusedtomean______.2.第二段中下劃線的“disposition”指的是______。

A.inclinationA.傾向，意愿

B.natureB.自然

C.integrityC.誠(chéng)實(shí)正直

D.habitationD.居住

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】詞義推測(cè)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞disposition定位至第二段第二句“他們通常會(huì)主動(dòng)站出來(lái)，但是尤里西斯，他已經(jīng)娶了佩妮洛普，有了妻子和孩子，他很幸福，沒有disposition從事這樣一件麻煩的事情”，從中可知，尤里西斯已經(jīng)有了一個(gè)幸福的家庭，所以推斷，當(dāng)墨涅拉俄斯讓他們履行諾言去參戰(zhàn)找回海倫時(shí)，尤里西斯是不愿意的。所以disposition指的是“意愿”，故該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)“自然”、C項(xiàng)“誠(chéng)實(shí)正直”和D項(xiàng)“居住”根據(jù)解題思路可知，這三項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.ThesowingofsaltisusedbyBulfinchtoshow______.3.布爾芬奇用撒鹽來(lái)表示______。

A.Ulysses’sattempttobefoundinsaneA.尤里西斯想要被認(rèn)為是瘋子

B.thedifficultyofcultivatinginrockysoilB.在巖石土壤中栽培的困難

C.howthetearsofthegodscreatedtheseaC.眾神的眼淚是如何創(chuàng)造海洋的

D.thegod’spunishmentofthosewhodisobeythemD.上帝對(duì)違抗命令的人的懲罰

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第二段第三四句“當(dāng)帕拉默德斯到達(dá)伊薩卡島時(shí)，尤利西斯假裝瘋了。他把驢和牛套在一起犁地，開始撒鹽?！笨芍?，尤里西斯在地里面撒鹽是為了裝瘋，這樣他就不用離開幸福的家庭去參戰(zhàn)。該題選擇A項(xiàng)“尤里西斯想要被認(rèn)為是瘋子”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)“在巖石土壤中栽培的困難”、C項(xiàng)“眾神的眼淚是如何創(chuàng)造海洋的”和D項(xiàng)“上帝對(duì)違抗命令的人的懲罰”在原文并沒有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.WhydoesUlyssesdisplayarmsamongtheornaments?4.為什么尤里西斯會(huì)在飾品中展示他的武器？

A.Asadeclarationofwar.A.作為戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的宣告。

B.Tomisleadthedaughtersoftheking.B.誤導(dǎo)國(guó)王的女兒們。

C.TotestAchillesintorevealinghimself.C.試探阿喀琉斯，讓他暴露自己。

D.Becausehewantstostartanalteration.D.因?yàn)樗胍淖儭?/p>

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第二段最后兩句“尤里西斯聽說(shuō)他在那里，就化裝成出售女性飾品的商人去了宮殿，其中還放了一些武器。當(dāng)國(guó)王的女兒們都在全神貫注地看商人包里的其他東西時(shí)，阿喀琉斯拿起了武器，從而在尤里西斯敏銳的目光下暴露了自己，尤里西斯毫不費(fèi)力地說(shuō)服阿喀琉斯不顧母親審慎的建議，和同胞們一起參戰(zhàn)。”可以看出，尤里西斯在飾品中展示他的武器是讓試探阿喀琉斯，讓他暴露自己。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“作為戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的宣告”、B項(xiàng)“誤導(dǎo)國(guó)王的女兒們”和D項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗胍淖儭痹谠亩紱]有體現(xiàn)，屬于無(wú)中生有。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

5.Areasonabletitleforthisnarrativemightbe______.5.一個(gè)合理的標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是______。

A.“DisputesandDeceit”A.“爭(zhēng)端和欺騙”

B.“TheAppleofDiscordLeadstoWar”B.“不和的金蘋果導(dǎo)致戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”

C.“AchillesandUlysses”C.“阿喀琉斯和尤里西斯”

D.“ThePettinessoftheGods”D.“眾神的渺小”

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，本文講述的是為了搶奪金蘋果帶來(lái)的一系列后果。第一段先介紹了這個(gè)故事的來(lái)源：紛爭(zhēng)女神厄里斯因?yàn)闆]有收到忒提斯婚禮的邀請(qǐng)而扔下一個(gè)刻有“獻(xiàn)給最美麗的女神”字樣的金蘋果，引發(fā)了朱諾、維納斯和雅典娜三位女神的爭(zhēng)奪，最終牧羊人帕里斯接受了維納斯的禮物，把金蘋果給了她，隨后便被帶去希臘，說(shuō)服斯巴達(dá)國(guó)王墨涅拉俄斯的妻子海倫私奔，從而引起了特洛伊戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)；第二段是墨涅拉俄斯為了找回妻子而號(hào)召曾經(jīng)追求過(guò)海倫的追求者一起參戰(zhàn)。綜上所述，我們可以推斷，這篇文章主要講述的是一個(gè)不和的金蘋果引發(fā)的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，所以B項(xiàng)“不和的金蘋果導(dǎo)致戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“爭(zhēng)端和欺騙”和C項(xiàng)“阿喀琉斯和尤里西斯”表述不全，屬于以偏概全；

D項(xiàng)“眾神的渺小”在原文沒有體現(xiàn)，屬于無(wú)中生有。

12.單選題

Onemoretry,（

）youwillsucceed.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.or

B.but

C.so

D.and

【答案】D

【解析】考查邏輯連詞。or表示選擇關(guān)系，but表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，so常用來(lái)連接表示因果關(guān)系的句子，and表示并列關(guān)系。此句中前后句為并列順延的關(guān)系。句意：再試一次，你就會(huì)成功。故D項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Donotbelittleanyone’scontribution;theselittlegiftsadduptolargesums.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.contemplate

B.disparage

C.appreciate

D.prod

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.contemplate沉思；深思熟慮B.disparage貶低；抨擊

C.appreciate欣賞；感激D.prod刺激；督促

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：不要……任何人的貢獻(xiàn)；這些小禮物加起來(lái)是一大筆錢。由后半句可知，這些小的貢獻(xiàn)是一大筆錢，也就是說(shuō)每個(gè)人的貢獻(xiàn)都很重要，不要輕視任何人的貢獻(xiàn)。因此選B選項(xiàng)disparage“貶低；抨擊”。劃線詞belittle意為“輕視；貶低”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】不要輕視任何人的貢獻(xiàn)；這些小禮物加起來(lái)是一大筆錢。

14.單選題

Itwasthebiggestscientificgrudgematchsincethespacerace.TheGenomeWarshadeverythingtwogroupswithappealing-leadersreadytofightinascientificdeadheatpushingthelimitsoftechnologyandrhetoricastheybattledtobecomethefirsttoreadeverylastoneofthe3billionDNA“l(fā)etters”inthehumanbody.Thescientificimportanceoftheworkisunquestionable.

ThecompletedDNAsequenceisexpectedtogivescientistsunprecedentedinsightsintotheworkingsofthehumanbody,revolutionizingmedicineandbiology.Buttheraceitself,betweenthegovernment’sHumanGenomeProjectandRockville,Md.,biotechnologycompanyCeleraGenomics,wasatleastpartlysymbolic,thepublic/privateconflictplayedoutinagenericlab.

Nowtheraceisover.Afteryearsofpublicattacksandseveralfailedattemptsatreconciliation,thetwosidesaretakingasteptowardaperiodofcalm.HGPheadFrancisCollins(andAriPatrinosoftheDepartmentofEnergy,animportantallyonthegovernmentside)andCraigVenter,thefounderofCelera,agreedtoholdajointpressconferenceinWashingtonthisMondaytodeclarethattheracewasover(sortof),thatbothsideshadwon(kindof)andthatThehostilitieswereresolved(forthetimebeing).

Nooneisexactlysurehowthingswillbedifferentnow.Neithersidewillbeturningoffitssequencingmachinesanytimesoon—the"finishlines”eachhascrossedarelargelyarbitrarypoints,"firstdrafts"ratherthanthedefinitiveversion.Andwhilethejoint-announcementbringsfileformerGenomeWarriorsclosertogetherthanthey’rebeeninyears,insiderssaythatfutureagreementsaremorelikely’totaketheformofcoordination,rather-thanoutrightcollaboration.

Theconflictblewup,thisFebruarywhenBritain'sWelcomeTrustanHGPparticipantreleasedaconfidentiallettertoCeteraoutliningtheHGP'scomplaints.Ventercalledthemove“alowlifethingtodo.”Butbyspring,therewerethefirstsignsofathaw.“Theattacksandnastinessarebadforscienceandourinvestors,"VentertoldNewsweekinMarch,“andfightingbackisprobablynothelpful."Atacancermeetingearlierthismonth,VenterandCollinspraisedeachother’sapproaches,andexpressedhopethatallofthescientistsinvolvedinsequencingthehumangenomewouldbeabletosharethecredit.Bylatelastweek,thathopewasbecomingarealityasdetailsforMonday'sjointannouncementwerehammeredout.Scientistsinbothcampswelcomedanendtothehostilities."Ifthisendsthehorserace,sciencewins."Withtheirdifferencebehindthem,oratleastsetaside,thescientistsshouldnowbeabletogetdowntotheinterestingstuff:figuringhowtomakeuseofallthatdata.

1.TherecentGenomeWarsweresymbolicof（

）.

2.Thetone-oftheauthorinreportingthejointpressconferencethisMondayis

（

）.

3.Itisimpliedinthethirdparagraphthat

（

）.

4.Theword"thaw"(Line3,Paragraph4)mostprobablymeans

（

）.

5.Thecriticalissuefacingthescientistsisto（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theenthusiasminscientificresearch

B.thesignificanceofthespacerace

C.thepublicversusprivateconflict

D.theprospectofthecompletionofDNAsequence

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.astonished

B.enthusiastic

C.disappointed"

D.objective

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.the"finishlines"referstocompletionofDNAresearch.

B.formerGenomeWarriorswillneverfightagain.

C.theformerwarriorsarenowcollaborators

D.bothsideswillstillworkonindependently

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.aggravationoftension

B.improvementinrelation

C.intensificationinattacks

D.endingofcoordination

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.applythenewly-foundknowledgetothebenefitofmankind

B.endtheirhorseraceforthesuccessofscience

C.getdowntotheirgenomeresearch

D.settheirdifferencesaside

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句Buttheraceitself,betweenthegovernment’sHumanGenomeProjectandRockville,Md.,biotechnologycompanyCeleraGenomics,wasatleastpartlysymbolic,thepublic/privateconflictplayedoutinagenericlab可知選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.文章第二段最后對(duì)周一記者招待會(huì)進(jìn)行了報(bào)道。根據(jù)…declarethattheracewasover(sortof),thatbothsideshadwon(kindof)andthatThehostilitieswereresolved(forthetimebeing)可知作者對(duì)該會(huì)議的報(bào)道客觀，引用會(huì)議雙方的申明。所以選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.文章倒數(shù)第二段提到盡管共同宣言使得以前的基因勇士們比幾年前更加親密，內(nèi)部人員未來(lái)達(dá)成的共識(shí)可能更多采取協(xié)調(diào)的形式，而不是直接的合作（Andwhilethejoint-announcementbringsfileformerGenomeWarriorsclosertogetherthanthey’rebeeninyears,insiderssaythatfutureagreementsaremorelikely’totaketheformofcoordination,rather-thanoutrightcollaboration）。選項(xiàng)D“雙方會(huì)繼續(xù)獨(dú)立工作”與這個(gè)說(shuō)法切合，因此符合題意。

4.文章倒數(shù)第一段一開始提到戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)（blewup），第三句Butbyspring,therewerethefirstsignsofathaw，“but”轉(zhuǎn)折指出第一次有“thaw”的跡象，接著又提到賽來(lái)拉公司創(chuàng)始人認(rèn)為對(duì)抗不好，可以推斷出雙方關(guān)系得到改善，thaw有“解凍”的意思，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.文章最后一句提到把矛盾拋諸腦后，或者至少應(yīng)該放在一邊，科學(xué)家們應(yīng)該能夠好好研究這個(gè)有趣的問題了，即怎么利用這些數(shù)據(jù)（Withtheirdifferencebehindthem,oratleastsetaside,thescientistsshouldnowbeabletogetdowntotheinterestingstuff:figuringhowtomakeuseofallthatdata）。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

15.單選題

Theydidconsiderableworkto（）themassesoftheUnitedStateswiththeelementaryproblemsofLatinAmerica.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.instruct

B.acquaint

C.impart

D.dictate

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。acquaintsb.withsth.使某人認(rèn)識(shí)某事。句意：他們做了大量工作，使美國(guó)人民了解拉丁美洲的基本問題。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

16.單選題

Presumably,excessiveconsumptionoffriedfoodshasseriousconsequencesashasbeenproved.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theoretically

B.Practically

C.Incredibly

D.Probably

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。presumably“大概；推測(cè)起來(lái)；可假定”；A選項(xiàng)theoretically“理論地；理論上”；B選項(xiàng)practically“實(shí)際地；幾乎；事實(shí)上”；C選項(xiàng)incredibly“難以置信地；非常地”；D選項(xiàng)probably“大概；或許；很可能”。句意：據(jù)推測(cè)，過(guò)量食用油炸食品會(huì)產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重的后果，這已被證明。根據(jù)句中“excessiveconsumptionoffriedfoods吃油炸食品過(guò)多”可知presumably在這里應(yīng)表示一種推測(cè)，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

'Whyarehumanssosmart?”isaquestionthatfascinatesscientists.TadeuszKawecki,aBiologistattheUniversityofFribourg,likestoturnaroundthequestion.“It’ssopicattobesmart.”Dr.Kaweckiasks"Whyhavemostanimalsremaineddumb?”Drkaweckiandlike-mindedscientistsaretryingtofigureoutwhyanimalslearnandwhysomehaveevolvedtobebetteratlearningthanothers.Onereasonforthedifference,theirresearchfinds,isthatbeingsmartcanbebadforananimal’shealth.Learningisremarkablywidespreadintheanimalkingdom.Thewormsarenotbornwithaninnateaversiontothedangerousbacteria.Theyneedtimetolearntotellthedifferenceandavoidbecomingsick.Dr.Dukashypothesizesthatanyanimalwithanervoussystemcanlearn,evenincaseswherescientistshavefailedtodocumentlearninginaspecies,hethinkstheyshouldnotbetooquicktoruleitout.”IsitbecausePmnotagoodteacherorbecausetheanimaldoesn’tlearn?”Dr.Dukasasked.

Althoughlearningmaybewidespreadamonganimals,Dr.Dukaswonderswhytheybotheredtoevolveitinthefirstplace.“Youcannotjustsaythatlearningisanadaptationtoachangingenvironment，’’hesaid.Itispossibletoadapttoachangingenvironmentwithoutusinganervoussystemtolearn.Bacteriacanalterbehaviortohelptheirsurvival.Ifamicrobesensesatoxin,itcanswimaway.Ifitsensesanewfood,itcanswitchgenesonandofftoalteritsmetabolism.

Learningalsoturnsouttohavedangeroussideeffectsthatmakeitsevolutionevenmorepuzzling.Dr.Kaweckiandhiscolleagueshaveproducedstrikingevidenceforthesesideeffectsbystudyingfliesastheyevolveintobetterlearnersinthelab.Dr.Kaweoklsuspectsthateachspeciesevolvesuntilitreachesanequilibriumbetweenthecostsandbenefitsoflearning.Hisexperimentsdemonstratethatflieshavethegeneticpotentialtobecomesignificantlysmarterinthewild.Butonlyunderhislabconditionsdoesevolutionactuallymoveinthatdirection.Innature,anyimprovementinlearningwouldcosttoomuch.Dr.Kaweckialsosaysitisworthinvestigatingwhetherhumansalsopayhiddencostsforextremelearning.“Wecouldspeculatethatsomediseasesareabyproductofintelligence.”hesaid.Thebenefitsoflearningmusthavebeenenormousforevolutiontohaveovercomethosecosts,Dr.Kaweckiargues.

1.Accordingtothetext,beingsmartcanbebadforanimal’shealthbecause（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtothetext?

3.BacteriaandmicrobeareusedinParagraph2asexamplestoshow

（

）.

4.Thesentence'Wecouldspeculatethatsomediseasesareabyproductofintelligence’Dr.Kaweckiarguesinthelastparagraphimpliesthat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.learningneedstime

B.learningisatthecostofitsevolution

C.leaningishard

D.noneoftheabove

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Onlyhumanshavetheabilitytolearn.

B.Allanimalscanlearn.

C.Evolutionisthebalancebetweencostandbenefitoflearning.

D.Evolutionistheresultofadaptingtoenvironment.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theirbornabilitytosurvive

B.thatitispossibleadapttoenvironmentwithoutusinganervoussystem

C.thatitisunnecessarytobotherthemselvestoevolve

D.alloftheabove

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.illnessisresultedfromhumans’notlearning

B.illnessisresultedfromhumans’strongabilityto