書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京警察學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

ProfessorKumarBhatt,founderandheadofWarwickManufacturingGroup(WMC),andRob

MeakinapersonneldirectoratMarconi,havedevelopedapartnershiptotrainengineersandmanagerstobecomeeliterate.TheNewKnowledgePartnershipwillincludeateamof40MarconimanagersinwhatProfessorBhattcallselectronicengineeringmanagementorE2.Awiderangeofengineeringandnon-engineeringcompanieshasexpressedinterestintheseexcitingprograms,professorBhattbelievesthate-commerceischangingthebusinessenvironmenttoahugeextent.Manychiefexecutivesdonotunderstandthepowerofthenewtechnologiesandinsomecases,areactuallyresistingchange.Hesaysthat“aslongasenoughindustryleadersrealizeitspotentialbenefits,e-businesswillmakepossibleasecondproductivityrevolutioninBritain.Thiscouldtaketheeconomyclosetoeliminatingthestillsubstantialcompetitivenessgapwithitsmainrivals.OverthelastfiveyearsintheUStherehasbeena30%improvementinmanufacturingsectorproductivitybecauseofinformationtechnology.InBritainwecanachievemorethanthatandsuccessfule-businesswillbeworthbillionstotheUKeconomy.”

AlreadyBritainmakesmoreuseofcomputer-aideddesignandmanufacture(CAD/CAM)andmanagementinformationtechnologysystemthanotherEuropeancountries,andhasagovernmentthatactivelypromotese-business.But,observesProfessorBhatt,Britainhasneverusedtechnologyasagrowthdriver.“Thethingaboutelectronicengineeringmanagementisthatyoucankeepyourlegacysystems;youjustneedtolinkthosesystemswithaninformationengine.Atthetouchofabuttonitwillallowprojectmanagerstoseethestatusofaproject,identifyproblemspreciselyandmakevirtuallyimmediatedecisionsbasedoninformationthatwillbemuchmorecompletethaninthepast.”

TheE2programistheresultofanalliancebytheWarwickManufacturingGroupwithAmerica’sleadinge-commercestudycenter,CarnegieMellon.ThelatterwillberesponsiblefortrainingmanyoftheMarconimanagersinAmerica,wherethegrouphashalfitsbusiness.InBritain.ProfessorBhatthaslinkedupwithSunMicrosystems,OracleandParametricTechnology,tosetupamulti-millionpoundE2designandmanufacturingcenterattheuniversitywhichwillbeusedfortrainingandresearch.

ProfessorBhattbelievesthate-commerceischangingbusinesstosuchanextentthatWMGislikelytoberenamedWarwickElectronicManufacturingGroup.But,hewarns:“Themovetoglobalizebecauseofe-commerceisracingahead.AlthoughthenetallowsBritishindustrytoovertaketheirEuropeanpeers,italsooffersAsiancountriestoleapfrogtheWest.ForthefirsttimeitisnottheprivilegeoftheWesternworldbecausethistechnologyisuniversal.”

1.WhatisthepurposeofE2course?

2.WhydoesBhattsaythat"e-businesswillmakepossibleasecondproductivityrevolutioninBritain"?

3.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoyouknowaboute-businessinBritain?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?

5.Accordingtothatlastpassage,whatisBhatt’sattitudetowardse-commerce?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Teachelectronicengineeringmanagement.

B.Trainengineersandmanagerstobeacquaintedwithe-commerce.

C.Trainengineersandmanagerstobeengineersandmanagers.

D.Teachengineersandmanagersaboutdevelopingpartnership.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Becausemanybusinessleadershaveshowntheirinterestinthis.

B.Becauseitcanstrengthenthecompanies’competitiveness.

C.Becausemorepeoplewilllearne-commercestyle.

D.Becausenewinformationtechnologiescangreatlyimproveindustrialproductivity.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.E-businesshaseliminatedmanycompetitiverivals.

B.E-businesshasdonemanybenefitstobigcompanies

C.ManycompanieshavejoinedintheE-businessprogram.

D.E-businesshasgreatpotentialandwillmakechangesinthecountry.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.BritaincanbecompetitivetoUSintheareaofinformationtechnology.

B.Britainhasalreadytakentheadvantagesofrunningengineeringmanagement.

C.AswithmanyotherEuropeancountries,Britainhasmadeuseofcomputer-aidedsystems.

D.E-businesshasofferedopportunitiestoEuropeancountriestoeliminatethecompetitivenessgapwithalltherivals.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.HethinksitasapreciseopportunityonlytoBritain.

B.Hethinksthatitisnotasagoodopportunityaspeoplethink.

C.HethinksitisnotonlygoodforBritainbutalsoapreciseopportunityforothercountries.

D.Hedoesnotconsideritagoodopportunityinthelongrun.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的havedevelopedapartnershiptotrainengineersandmanagerstobecomeeliterate（建立了合作伙伴關(guān)系，培訓(xùn)工程師和管理人員成為精英）可知D選項(xiàng)“教工程師和經(jīng)理如何發(fā)展伙伴關(guān)系”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的e-businesswillmakepossibleasecondproductivityrevolutioninBritain.Thiscouldtaketheeconomyclosetoeliminatingthestillsubstantialcompetitivenessgapwithitsmainrivals.（電子商務(wù)將使英國(guó)的第二次生產(chǎn)力革命成為可能。這可能會(huì)使經(jīng)濟(jì)接近消除與主要競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的巨大競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力差距）可知B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗梢栽鰪?qiáng)企業(yè)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。由文章第二段中的Britainhasneverusedtechnologyasagrowthdriver.（英國(guó)從未將科技作為經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)力）可知D選項(xiàng)“電子商務(wù)有著巨大的潛力，并將在這個(gè)國(guó)家發(fā)生變化”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的OverthelastfiveyearsintheUStherehasbeena30%improvementinmanufacturingsectorproductivitybecauseofinformationtechnology.InBritainwecanachievemorethanthatandsuccessfule-businesswillbeworthbillionstotheUKeconomy.（在過去五年中，由于信息技術(shù)，美國(guó)制造業(yè)的生產(chǎn)率提高了30%。在英國(guó)，我們可以取得更多成就，成功的電子商務(wù)將對(duì)英國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來數(shù)十億美元的收益）可知A選項(xiàng)“在信息技術(shù)領(lǐng)域，英國(guó)可以比美國(guó)更有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力”符合題意。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由文章最后一段中的Themovetoglobalizebecauseofecommerceisracingahead.AlthoughthenetallowsBritishindustrytoovertaketheirEuropeanpeers,italsooffersAsiancountriestoleapfrogtheWest.ForthefirsttimeitisnottheprivilegeoftheWesternworldbecausethistechnologyisuniversal.（由于電子商務(wù)而走向全球化的步伐正在加快。盡管網(wǎng)絡(luò)允許英國(guó)工業(yè)超越歐洲同行，但它也為亞洲國(guó)家提供了超越西方的機(jī)會(huì)。這是第一次它不是西方世界的特權(quán)，因?yàn)檫@項(xiàng)技術(shù)是普遍的）可知C選項(xiàng)“他認(rèn)為這不僅對(duì)英國(guó)有利，而且對(duì)其他國(guó)家來說也是一個(gè)確切的機(jī)會(huì)”正確。

2.單選題

Whenitcomes___hiswifewiththehousework,Johnnevergrumbles.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tohelp

B.andhelps

C.tohelping

D.tohavehelped

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。whenitcomestosth./doingsth.“當(dāng)提到；就……而論”。句意：當(dāng)談到幫助妻子做家務(wù)時(shí)，約翰從不抱怨。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Afterlosingthecourtcasethecompanybecamesomethingofa_______jokeinthebusinessworld.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.standing

B.steady

C.persisting

D.settled

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。standing“長(zhǎng)期有效的，固定的”；steady“穩(wěn)定的”；persisting“堅(jiān)持”；settled“固定的”。句意：自從輸?shù)袅斯偎局?，公司就成了業(yè)內(nèi)的笑話。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。standingjoke“常令人發(fā)笑的笑料”.

4.單選題

Hewasabeautifulhorsethatlookedasthoughhe______outofapaintingbyXuBeihong.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.come

B.hascome

C.iscoming

D.hadcome

【答案】D

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：它是一匹很漂亮的馬，好像是從徐悲鴻的畫里出來的。asthough引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣與過去事實(shí)相反時(shí)，從句用過去完成時(shí)。主句Hewasabeautifulhorse是過去時(shí)，所以從句用過去完成時(shí)hadcome。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Inthefuturethelittleprivacywenowhavewillbegone.Somepeoplecallthislossofprivacy’’Orwellian"，harkingbackto1984.GeorgeOrwell’sclassicworkonprivacyandautonomy.Inthatbook,Orwellimaginedafutureinwhichatotalitarianstateusedspies,videosurveillance,andcontroloverthemediatomaintainitspower.Buttheageofmonolithicstatecontrolisover.Thefuturewe'rerushingtowardisn'toneinwhichoureverymoveiswatchedandrecordedbyanall-knowngovernment.Itisinsteadafutureofahundredelectronicmonitorswhoconstantlywatchandinterruptourdailylives,andwherethreatstoprivacyfindtheirrootsinthefreemarket,advancedtechnology,andtheunbridledexchangeofelectronicinformation.

Theproblemwiththeword"privacy"’isthatitfallsshortofconveyingthereallybigpicture.Privacyisn'tjustabouthidingthings.It’saboutself-possession,autonomy,andintegrity.Aswemoveintothecomputerizedworldofthe21century,privacywillbeoneofourmostimportantcivilrights.Butthisrightofprivacyisn'ttherightofpeopletoclosetheirdoorsandpulldowntheirwindowshades-perhapsbecausetheywanttoengageinsomesortofillicitorillegalactivity.It’stherightofpeopletocontrolwhichdetailsabouttheirlivesstayinsidetheirownhousesandwhichleaktotheoutside.

Today'swaronprivacyisintimatelyrelatedtotherecentdramaticadvancesintechnology.Manypeopletodaysaythatinordertoenjoythebenefitsofmodemsociety,wemustnecessarilyrelinquishsomedegreeofprivacy.Ifwewanttheconvenienceofpayingforamealbycreditcard,thenwemustaccepttheroutinecollectionofourpurchasesinalargedatabaseoverwhichwehavenocontrol.

Thistrade-offisbothunnecessaryandwrong.Itremindsmeofanothercrisisoursocietyfacedbackinthefiftiesandsixties-theenvironmentalcrisis.Then,advocatesofbigbusinesssaidthatpoisonedriversandlakeswerethenecessarycostsofeconomicdevelopment,jobs,andanimprovedstandardofliving.Poisonwasprogress:anybodywhoarguedotherwisesimplydidn’tunderstandthefacts.

Todayweknowbetter.Todayweknowthatsustainableeconomicdevelopmentdependsonpreservingtheenvironment.Similarly,inordertoreapthebenefitsoftechnology.Itismoreimportantthaneverforustousetechnologytoprotectpersonalfreedom.

1.Thepassageindicatesthatprivacyis（

）.

2.Inline18,theunderlined”degree”mostnearlymeans

（

）.

3.Lines18-20("Ifwecontrol”)primarilyserveto

（

）.

4.Thestatementsinlines24-25(’’poison"facts”)isintendedtorepresentthepointofviewof

（

）.

5.Thepassageconcludesbysuggestingthatiftechnologyistohaveapositiveeffectonpeople’slives,then

（

）.

6.Theauthorsupportstheideathatprivacycanbeprotected（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.lessvaluedbypeoplethanitoncewas

B.difficulttomaintaininthecontemporaryworld

C.necessaryforindividualfreedom

D.astumblingblocktoeconomicgrowth

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.stage

B.sequence

C.measure

D.standing

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.introduceanadditionalpoint

B.discourageacourseofaction

C.questionadecision

D.illustrateaprecedingstatement

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.bigbusiness

B.environment

C.theauthor

D.thepublic

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.individualrightsmustbeexpanded

B.protectivemeasuresmustbetaken

C.technologicaladvancesmustbesupported

D.furtherresearchmustbefound

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.atamodestcosttomostbusiness

B.withthehelpofnewtechnologies

C.withoutgivingupvaluedservices

D.throughappropriategovernmentinterventions

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:B

【解析】1.文章第一句提到在未來，我們現(xiàn)在擁有的隱私都會(huì)消失（Inthefuturethelittleprivacywenowhavewillbegone.），未來將會(huì)有100臺(tái)電子監(jiān)視器不斷監(jiān)視和干擾我們的日常生活，對(duì)隱私的威脅根源于自由市場(chǎng)、先進(jìn)的科學(xué)技術(shù)和電子信息交流（Itisinsteadafutureofahundredelectronicmonitorswhoconstantlywatchandinterruptourdailylives,andwherethreatstoprivacyfindtheirrootsinthefreemarket,advancedtechnology,andtheunbridledexchangeofelectronicinformation）。選項(xiàng)B“隱私在當(dāng)代世界很難維持”符合題意。

2.題干中的單詞出現(xiàn)在文章第三段第二句話Manypeopletodaysaythatinordertoenjoythebenefitsofmodemsociety,wemustnecessarilyrelinquishsomedegreeofprivacy（今天很多人說，為了享受現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的好處，我們必須放棄一定……隱私），由some這個(gè)詞可以推測(cè)這里指的是“一定程度上的隱私”。選項(xiàng)C符合題意，表示“程度；測(cè)量”。

3.文章第三段最后一句話Ifwewanttheconvenienceofpayingforamealbycreditcard,thenwemustaccepttheroutinecollectionofourpurchasesinalargedatabaseoverwhichwehavenocontrol提到如果我們想要用信用卡支付餐費(fèi)的方便，那么我們必須在一個(gè)我們無法控制的大型數(shù)據(jù)庫中接受日常的采購收集。這個(gè)具體的例子是為了說明前文提到的“為了享受一些權(quán)益，我們必須放棄一定程度上的隱私”（Manypeopletodaysaythatinordertoenjoythebenefitsofmodemsociety,wemustnecessarilyrelinquishsomedegreeofprivacy）。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.文章倒數(shù)第二段最后兩句話提到大企業(yè)的擁護(hù)者認(rèn)為有毒的河流和湖泊是經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)必須的代價(jià)。毒藥就是進(jìn)步：那些反對(duì)的人是不了解這個(gè)事實(shí)（Then,advocatesofbigbusinesssaidthatpoisonedriversandlakeswerethenecessarycostsofeconomicdevelopment,jobs,andanimprovedstandardofliving.Poisonwasprogress:anybodywhoarguedotherwisesimplydidn’tunderstandthefact）。所以可以知道關(guān)于“毒藥”這些觀點(diǎn)是一些大企業(yè)的觀點(diǎn)，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.文章最后一段提到可持續(xù)的發(fā)展取決于保護(hù)環(huán)境。為了從技術(shù)那獲得好處，利用技術(shù)來保護(hù)個(gè)人自由比以往任何時(shí)候更重要，因此，選項(xiàng)C“先進(jìn)的技術(shù)必須得到支持”符合題意。

6.文章中提到今天的隱私戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)是由科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展引起的，也提到可以通過利用一些技術(shù)來保護(hù)隱私，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

6.翻譯題

“失落之城”馬丘比丘坐落在秘魯熱帶山地森林，直到1911年才被美國(guó)探險(xiǎn)家海勒姆·賓厄姆發(fā)現(xiàn)。馬丘比丘海拔2430米，為熱帶森林所包圍。它可能是印加帝國(guó)全盛時(shí)期最輝煌的城市建筑，那巨大的城墻和梯田好像是在連綿的懸崖絕壁上自然形成的一樣。古城矗立在安第斯山脈東邊的斜坡上，環(huán)繞著亞馬孫河上游的盆地。馬丘比丘廢墟是世界上最美最神秘的古代遺址之一。早在15世紀(jì)初期，印加人就在那里建起數(shù)百座石建筑，傳說和神話表明馬丘比丘曾是一個(gè)圣地。古城廢墟有宮殿、洗浴室、寺廟、貯藏室和大約150間房子，皆保存完好。這些建筑均用山頂?shù)幕疑◢弾r雕筑而成，是建筑學(xué)和美學(xué)的奇跡。

【答案】MachuPicchu,alostcitylocatedinPeru'stropicalmountainforests,wasn'tdiscoveredbyAmericanexplorerHiramBinghamuntil1911.Itstands2,430mabovesea-level,andsurroundedbytropicalforests.ItwasprobablythemostgloriousurbanbuildinginthezenithofIncaEmpire;itsgiantwallsandterracesseemlikebeencutnaturallyinthecontinuousrockcliffs.Theancientcity,ontheeasternslopesoftheAndes,surroundsthebasininupperAmazonRiver.

TheruinsofMachuPicchuareoneofthemostbeautifulandmysteriousancientsitesintheworld.WhiletheIncapeopleerectedhundredsofstonestructurestherefromtheearly1400's,legendsandmythsindicatethatMachuPicchuwasasacredplace.Theruinshavepalaces,baths,temples,storageroomsandsome150houses,allinaremarkablestateofpreservation.Thesestructures,carvedfromthegraygraniteofthemountaintop,arewondersofbotharchitecturalandaestheticgenius.

7.單選題

Thedoctortoldmethemedicinecan（）myheadachewithoutdoingmeanyharm.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.heal

B.improve

C.cure

D..treat

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)生告訴我這種藥可以治愈我的頭痛而不傷害我。選項(xiàng)A，C，D均表示治療。heal多指創(chuàng)傷，外傷愈合；cure多指病后恢復(fù)健康；treat多指對(duì)傷口或者病情進(jìn)行診斷，強(qiáng)調(diào)過程。所以選項(xiàng)C符合語境。

8.單選題

"Whatcoursesareyougoingtodonextsemester?"

"Idon'tknow.Butit'sabouttime______onsomething."

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.I'ddecide

B.Idecided

C.Idecide

D.I'mdeciding

【答案】B

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。Itisabouttimethat是一個(gè)虛擬語氣句型，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，that從句的謂語用一般過去時(shí)。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.單選題

Thepollutionquestionaswellasseveralotherissuesisgoingtobediscussed,whenthecongressisin（）againnextspring.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.assembly

B.session

C.conference

D.conventional

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)assembly“集會(huì)；集合”；B選項(xiàng)session“會(huì)議；（法庭的）開庭；（議會(huì)等的）開會(huì)”；C選項(xiàng)conference“會(huì)議；協(xié)商”；D選項(xiàng)conventional“符合習(xí)俗的；慣例的”。句意：污染問題，還有其他幾個(gè)問題，將于明年春季代表……再次召開時(shí)討論。根據(jù)前面的介詞in可知空格內(nèi)應(yīng)填入一個(gè)名詞，做thecongress“代表大會(huì)”的表語。由此可排除D選項(xiàng)。conference為正式用詞，一般指大型會(huì)議，各國(guó)之間的協(xié)商、會(huì)談等。assembly多指一個(gè)通常有許多人參加、計(jì)劃好的，為某一特殊目的而召集的會(huì)議。session一般指議會(huì)等召開的正式會(huì)議，也可指法庭之休庭期，會(huì)議之會(huì)期。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞again“再一次”，說明現(xiàn)在的會(huì)議已經(jīng)結(jié)束，需要等到下一個(gè)會(huì)期再進(jìn)行討論，insession“會(huì)議期”。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.單選題

Itisperhaps,noaccidentthatmanyoftheoutstandingfiguresofthepastwereamazinglyversatilemen.Rightupuntilcomparativelyrecenttimes,itwaspossibleforanintelligentpersontoacquainthimselfwithalmosteverybranchofknowledge.Thus,amanofgeniuslikeLeonardodaVinciengagedinmanycareersatonceasamatterofcourse.DaVinciwassobusywithhisnumerousinventionsthathebarelyfoundthetimetocompletehispaintings.HecameveryneartofulfillingtheRenaissanceidealofthe"universalman",themanwhowasproficientateverything.Today,werarely,ifever,hearthatamusicianhasjustinventedanewtypeofsubmarine.

Knowledgehasbecomedividedandsub-dividedintocountless,narrowly-definedcompartments.Thespecialistisrespected;theversatileperson,farfrombeingadmired,ismoreoftenregardedwithsuspicion.Themodemworldisaworldofhighly-skilled"experts"whohavehadtodevotethegreaterpartoftheirlivestoaverylimitedfieldofstudyinordertocompetewiththeirfellows.Butthishasnotbeenachievedwithoutconsiderablecost.Thescientist,whooutsidehisownparticularsubjectislittlemorethanamoron,isamodemphenomenon;asisthemanofletterswhoisbarelyawareofthetremendousstridesthathavebeenmadeintechnology.Similarly,specializationhasindirectlyaffectedquiteordinarypeopleineverywalkoflife.Manyactivitieswhichwereoncepursuedfortheirownsakes,areoftengivenupindespair;theyrequiretechniques,theexpertstellus,whichtakealife-timetomaster.Whylearntoplaythepiano,whenyoucanlistentotheworld'sgreatestpianistsinyourowndrawing-room?

Littlebylittle,wearebecomingmoreandmoreisolatedfromeachother.Itisalmostimpossibletotalktoyourneighborabouthisjob,evenifheisengagedinroughlythesameworkasyouare.TheRoyalSocietyinBritainincludesamongitsmembersonlythemosteminentscientistsinthecountry.Yetitishighlydisturbingtofindthatevenhere,asoneofitsmembersputit,atalectureonly10%ofthememberscanunderstand50%ofwhatisbeingsaid!

1.Thepassageimpliesthat（）.

2.Theword"moron"(Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingisthebestpossibletitleforthepassage?

4.Accordingtothepassage,inordertostandout,ascientistshould（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.menofremarkableachievementsinthepastwereaccidentallyversatile

B.nogreatmaninthepastwasqualifiedasuniversalexceptdaVinci

C.nowadaysversatilemenaregenerallyhighlyregarded

D.nowadaysitisnearlyimpossibleforamantobeversatile

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.afoolishman

B.ahard-workingman

C.anexpert

D.amiserableman

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.HowtoBecomeaVersatileMan.

B.VersatileMen.

C.HowtoBecomeanIntelligentMan.

D.IntelligentMen.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.engageinasmanycareersaspossible

B.becomeamemberoftheRoyalSociety

C.confinehimselftoalimitedareaofstudy

D.beawareofthegreatprogressinscienceandtechnology

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.DaVinciwastoobusywithhismanyinventionstofinishhispaintings.

B.Inthemodemworldamancanbecomeversatilewithoutpayingtheprice.

C.Nowadaysamanoflettersscarcelyknowsaboutthechangesintechnology.

D.DuringtheRenaissancemuchemphasiswasplacedonbeinguniversal.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。第一段的最后一句為本文的主旨句“Today,werarely,ifever,hearthatamusicianhasjustinventedanewtypeofsubmarine.”這句話的潛在意思就是說:現(xiàn)在多才多藝的人越來越少。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

2.語義題。原文中的分號(hào),以及as說明,前后是同類事物的比較。根據(jù)下文的whoisbarelyawareof可知，moron表示的是"什么都不知道的人",所以選項(xiàng)A正確。原文句意：有些科學(xué)家在他自己的研究領(lǐng)域之外和白癡一樣。

3.全文主旨題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要是講多才多藝的人，作者只是提出自己的看法，并沒有說如何成為一個(gè)多才多藝的人，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“..."experts"whohavehadtodevotethegreaterpartoftheirlivestoaverylimitedfieldofstudyinordertocompetewiththeirfellows.”科學(xué)們不得不把大部分的生命投入到一個(gè)非常有限的研究領(lǐng)域，以便與他們的同行競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第四句“Butthishasnotbeenachievedwithoutconsiderablecost.”這里采用雙重否定強(qiáng)調(diào)這一目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)需要付出相當(dāng)大的代價(jià)。所以選項(xiàng)B與原文不符。

11.翻譯題

過去，人們并沒有充分認(rèn)識(shí)到污染給環(huán)境造成的影響。只是把它看成一種會(huì)熏黑房屋，弄臟河流的令人討厭的東西。

【答案】

Inthepast,peoplewerenotfullyawareoftheimpactofpollutionontheenvironment.Weregarditasanobnoxiousthingwhichcanblackenhouseanddirtyriver.

12.單選題

Sheoftensayshergreatesthappiness（

）servingthehandicappedchildren.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.consistsin

B.relieson

C.composesof

D.comprisesin

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。consistin“在于”；relyon“依賴”；composeof“由······構(gòu)成”；comprisein“包括在”。句意：她經(jīng)常說她最大的幸福在于為殘疾兒童服務(wù)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

13.單選題

TheyhaveleftNewYork（

）good;they’llnevergobackandlivethereagain.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.by

B.at

C.for

D.in

【答案】C

【解析】句意:他們永遠(yuǎn)離開了紐約，再也不回去住了。

固定搭配。Forgood永遠(yuǎn)。

14.單選題

Trafficscienceisoneofthosedisciplinesthatseemspermanentlypoisedonthevergeofabreakthrough.Professionaljournalsregularlypublishpromisingresearch,andthepresstrumpetstheirimportance.However,itturnsoutthattrafficisadeceptivelycomplicatedproblem.Itcouldbesaidtoresemblemolecularphysics,infact,sinceit’sasystemofindividualpracticesinteractingincomplexways.Except,withtraffic,theparticleshavemindsoftheirown.

Therearetwokindsoftrafficflow.Inuncongested,stableflows,carscanmoveatornearthespeedlimit,andindividualsareabletomoveinandoutoflanesorenterthehighwaysmoothly.Then,there’swhattrafficexpertscallthe“unstableregime,”whatlaypeoplerefertoasstop-and-gotraffic.Whatscientistshavefiguredoutoverthepastdecadeorsoiswhenandwhytrafficshiftsbetweenthetwo.

“Weseeinourmodelsthattrafficbecomeunstablewhenthenumberofcars(passingaspecificspot)perlaneperhourreachesbetween2,000and2,500.Atthatnominalcapacitylevel,trafficisverylikelytobecomeunstable,”saysHaniMahmassani,atrafficscientistatNorthwesternUniversityinChicago.

Consideraclassiccase.Aslow-movingcarshiftsintotheleftlanetopassanevenslower-movingcar.Thecarimmediatelybehindthelane-changerhastodeceleratedramatically—notjusttothespeedofthecarinfrontofhim,butslowenoughtocreateasafedrivingdistancebetweenthem.Thenextcarbackhastoslowdownevenmore,againtogiveitselfacushion.Thisslowdownripplebackthroughthelaneandeventuallyspreadsintotheotherlanesasnearbydriversnoticetheseaofbrakelightsandreflexivelyslowdown.Trafficresearchersrefertothisasashockwave,anditcantravelbackformiles.

Unfortunately,whilewe’vegottenreallygoodatunderstandingwhytrafficjamshappen,ourtoolstopreventthemareprettylimited.

First,wedon’thatespendingtimeinourcarsasmuchaswepretendto.“Becausebuildingmoreroadsdoesn’timprovetrafficflow,”saysChrisBarrett,aVirginiaTechprofessorwhoconstructstrafficmodelingsystems.“Ifyoudecreasetheamountoftimeittakestotravelacertaindistancetowork,peoplejustmovefartherawayfromtheiroffices.Itchangesbehaviorinanegativeway.”

Moreover,peoplehavestronglyresistedthebestcongestion-fightingtoolthatcanbeimmediatelyimplemented.EverytrafficexpertIspokewithpointedouttherunawaysuccessofLondon’scongestionpricingsystem.Driverswhowanttoentertheheartofthecityduringbusytimeshavetopay10pounds-about$16.Thesystemhasmadeahugedifferenceinreducingcongestion,andthecityisusingtheextrarevenuetorenovatethesubwayandaddbuses.

26.InParagraph1“trafficisadeceptivelycomplicatedproblem”meansthat______.

27.Accordingtothepassage,whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthetrafficscience?

28.Whichofthefollowingstatementabout“shockwave”isCORRECT?

29.Whichofthefollowingtrafficjampreventiontoolsisbotheffectiveandrealistic?

30.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.itisconceptuallycomplicated

B.itpretendstobecomplicated

C.itscomplicationisconfusing

D.itscomplicationisdoubtful

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theformationmechanismoftrafficcongestionstillpuzzlesthescientists.

B.Trafficsciencestudiestheinteractionsofintelligentparticles.

C.Scientistshavemadesignificantbreakthroughsintrafficscience.

D.Thereisnosuchaboundarycapacitybeyondwhichtrafficflowswillbecomeunstable.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itaffectsthelaneusedforovertakingcarsonly.

B.Itismorelikelytoappearinastabletrafficflow.

C.Itwillcausethelane-changertoslowdown.

D.Itisarippleeffectinitiatedbyaslow-movingcar.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Buildingmoreroads.

B.CongestionpricingsysteminLondon.

C.Adoptingself-drivingtechnologyoncars.

D.CongestiontaxationinWashingtonD.C.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Trafficsciencestrugglestokeepcarsflowing.

B.Trafficscienceprovedunreliableintrafficcontrol.

C.Trafficscientistsconstructtrafficmodelingsystems.

D.Trafficexpertssupportcongestionpricingsystem.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】26.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

26.InParagraph1“trafficisadeceptivelycomplicatedproblem”meansthat______.26.在第一段中，“交通是一個(gè)具有欺騙性的復(fù)雜問題”指的是______。

A.itisconceptuallycomplicatedA.它在概念上是復(fù)雜的

B.itpretendstobecomplicatedB.它假裝很復(fù)雜

C.itscomplicationisconfusingC.它的復(fù)雜性是令人困惑的

D.itscomplicationisdoubtfulD.它的復(fù)雜性值得懷疑

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干的信息可以定位至第一段最后三句“然而，事實(shí)證明，交通是一個(gè)看似復(fù)雜的問題（adeceptivelycomplicatedproblem）。事實(shí)上，它可以說類似于分子物理學(xué)（resemblemolecularphysics），因?yàn)樗且粋€(gè)以復(fù)雜方式相互作用的個(gè)體實(shí)踐系統(tǒng)?！?，這表明交通科學(xué)的含義比較復(fù)雜，且令人困惑，故C選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)表述不全面，以偏概全；

B選項(xiàng)中的pretend并不符合原文，屬于曲解原文；

D選項(xiàng)中doubt也沒有體現(xiàn)，屬于無中生有。

27.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

27.Accordingtothepassage,whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthetrafficscience?27.根據(jù)文章，可以從交通科學(xué)中得出什么結(jié)論？

A.Theformationmechanismoftrafficcongestionstillpuzzlesthescientists.A.交通擁堵的形成機(jī)制仍然困擾著科學(xué)家們。

B.Trafficsciencestudiestheinteractionsofintelligentparticles.B.交通科學(xué)研究智能粒子之間的相互作用。

C.Scientistshavemadesignificantbreakthroughsintrafficscience.C.科學(xué)家們?cè)诮煌茖W(xué)方面取得了重大突破。

D.Thereisnosuchaboundarycapacitybeyondwhichtrafficflowswillbecomeunstable.D.沒有這樣一個(gè)邊界容量，超過這個(gè)邊界交通流量就會(huì)變得不穩(wěn)定。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】定位第二段最后一句“科學(xué)家們?cè)谶^去十年左右的時(shí)間里弄清楚的是，交通在兩者之間何時(shí)以及為什么會(huì)發(fā)生變化”，以及第三段造成交通不穩(wěn)定的邊界容量，綜合可推知，科學(xué)家們?cè)诮煌茖W(xué)方面取得了一定的進(jìn)展，C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)定位第五段“……我們非常擅長(zhǎng)理解交通堵塞發(fā)生的原因（understandingwhytrafficjamshappen）……”可知，科學(xué)家們知道造成交通堵塞的原因，所以A選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)沒有提到，屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)定位第三段“我們從我們的模型中看到，當(dāng)每小時(shí)每條車道通過特定地點(diǎn)的汽車數(shù)量達(dá)到2000至2500輛時(shí)，交通就會(huì)變得不穩(wěn)定。在這種名義容量水平下，交通很可能變得不穩(wěn)定?！保芍?，該項(xiàng)為反向干擾。

28.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

28.Whichofthefollowingstatementabout“shockwave”isCORRECT?28.下列關(guān)于“沖擊波”的陳述哪一個(gè)是正確的？

A.Itaffectsthelaneusedforovertakingcarsonly.A.它只影響用于超車的車道。

B.Itismorelikelytoappearinastabletrafficflow.B.它更有可能出現(xiàn)在穩(wěn)定的交通流中。

C.Itwillcausethelane-changertoslowdown.C.這會(huì)使變更車道者減速。

D.Itisarippleeffectinitiatedbyaslow-movingcar.D.這是一輛緩慢行駛的汽車引發(fā)的連鎖反應(yīng)。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位到第四段，該段陳述了一個(gè)經(jīng)典案例：一輛開得很慢的汽車駛?cè)胱筌嚨?，超過一輛開得更慢的汽車。緊跟在換車道人后面的那輛車必須大幅減速，不僅要減速到與前車的速度相同，還要減速到與前車保持安全的行駛距離。下一輛后退的車不得不進(jìn)一步減速，再次給自己一個(gè)緩沖。當(dāng)附近的司機(jī)注意到前面有一大片剎車燈，并反射性地減速時(shí)，這種減速效應(yīng)會(huì)波及到車道，最終擴(kuò)散到其他車道。交通研究人員將其稱為沖擊波（shockwave），它可以向后傳播數(shù)英里。那么從這個(gè)案例我們可以知道，shockwave指的就是最開始的一輛汽車在緩慢行駛時(shí)引發(fā)的一系列反應(yīng)，故D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)中的only不符合原文，屬于曲解原文；

B選項(xiàng)沒有提到，屬于無中生有；

C選項(xiàng)只是D選項(xiàng)中的一部分，屬于以偏概全。

29.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

29.Whichofthefollowingtrafficjampreventiontoolsisbotheffectiveandrealistic?29.以下哪一種交通堵塞預(yù)防工具既有效又現(xiàn)實(shí)？

A.Buildingmoreroads.A.建造更多的道路。

B.CongestionpricingsysteminLondon.B.倫敦交通擁堵收費(fèi)系統(tǒng)。

C.Adoptingself-drivingtechnologyoncars.

C.在汽車上采用自動(dòng)駕駛技術(shù)。

D.CongestiontaxationinWashingtonD.C.D.華盛頓特區(qū)的交通擁堵稅。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】定位最后一段第二句“倫敦的擁堵收費(fèi)系統(tǒng)取得了巨大成功（therunawaysuccessofLondon’scongestionpricingsystem）”，以及最后一句“該系統(tǒng)在緩解擁堵方面發(fā)揮了巨大作用（hasmadeahugedifferenceinreducingcongestion），該市正利用額外收入翻新地鐵和增加公交車”，由此可知，倫敦的擁堵收費(fèi)系統(tǒng)對(duì)于交通堵塞預(yù)防很有效，B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)定位倒數(shù)第二段第一句“因?yàn)樾藿ǜ嗟牡缆凡⒉荒芨纳平煌髁浚╞uildingmoreroadsdoesn’timprovetrafficflow）”，以及第二句“如果你減少通勤時(shí)間，人們就會(huì)搬到離辦公室更遠(yuǎn)的地方”，可知，如果修建更多的道路，人們的通勤時(shí)間減少，那么人們會(huì)搬到離辦公室更遠(yuǎn)的地方，從而交通堵塞問題還是存在，所以該項(xiàng)為反向干擾；

C、D選項(xiàng)并沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

30.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

30.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?30.這篇文章的主旨是什么？

A.Trafficsciencestrugglestokeepcarsflowing.A.交通科學(xué)努力使汽車保持流動(dòng)。

B.Trafficscienceprovedunreliableintrafficcontrol.B.交通科學(xué)在交通控制中被證明是不可靠的。

C.Trafficscientistsconstructtrafficmodelingsystems.C.交通科學(xué)家構(gòu)建交通建模系統(tǒng)。

D.Trafficexper