1.1.主語:表示句子說的是什么人或什由名，代，數(shù)，不定式，動(dòng)名詞，短語或句子充當(dāng)位于句首。由動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組充當(dāng),位于主語后。賓語:表示動(dòng)作行為的對象,通常位于及物動(dòng)詞和介詞后面。賓語補(bǔ)足語:補(bǔ)充賓語的成分,通常位于賓語后。由形詞，名詞，介詞短語表語:說明主語的性質(zhì)或特征,位于系動(dòng)詞定語：修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或從句稱為定語定語可由以下等成分表示：Guilinisabeautiful

（形容詞Chinaisa Americaisadeveloped

（分詞TherearethirtywomenteachersisourHisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeuse名詞（代詞Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoenterthe（不定式Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworked（動(dòng)名詞HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnTomisaboywholikesmusicvery（從句

（介詞短語狀語：修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子，說明動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分，叫做狀語。通常有副詞，介詞短語和從句充當(dāng)．狀語種類如下Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?（時(shí)間狀語Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.（原因狀語）Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.（條件狀語MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.（地點(diǎn)狀語Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.伴隨狀語InordertocatchupwiththeothersImustworkharder.Hewassotiredthathefellasleep Sheworksveryhardthoughsheis Iamtallerthanhe 同位語:對其前面的名詞代詞做進(jìn)一步解釋ThatisMr.Chen,ourEnglish語:對一句話作一些附加的解釋Tobehonest,Idon’tquiteagreewith 2.2.分說例TomandIfoundherWeallbreathe,eatand由并列連（and,so,but,or等）Helikeseggs,buthedoesn’tlikechickens.WorkhardoryouwillfallIbelieveyouareIfyoustudyharder,youwillpasstheexam.翻譯下列句她喜歡集郵Sheisfondofcollecting食物很精美,但他卻沒什么胃口Thefoodwasgood,buthehadlittle我們到 院的時(shí)候 已經(jīng)開演了Thefilmhadbegunwhenwegotto判斷下列句子是簡單句、并列句還是復(fù)合句WeoftenstudyChinesehistoryon 簡單 復(fù)合TheboywhoofferedmehisseatiscalledThereisachairinthis

簡單 MybrotherandIgotoschoolathalfpastseveninthemorningandcomebackhomeatseveninthe

簡單并列HeisinClassOneandIaminClassHewasfondofdrawingwhenhewasyet

復(fù)合Neitherhashechangedhismind,norwilldo

并列

復(fù)合WhathesaidatthemeetingisveryThefarmerisshowingtheboyhowtoplant

簡單BothTomandJackenjoycountry簡單3.3.英語五種基本句型基本句型一:Ｓ （主＋謂基本句型二:Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｐ 基本句型三:Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ 基本句型四:Ｓ+Ｖ+O1+Ｏ2（主＋謂＋間賓＋直賓基本句型五:+++Ｃ(主＋謂＋賓＋賓補(bǔ)基本句基本句— Ｖ（主＋謂1.2.The3.The4.此句型中動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞,能表達(dá)完整意思主語可有修飾語---定語，謂語可有修飾語---狀語，如，Theednrisesintheeast.基本句型 ＶＰ（主＋系＋表TheThetallandstrong.此句型中謂語動(dòng)詞都不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思，必須加上一個(gè)表明主語 或狀態(tài)的表語構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語，才能表達(dá)完整的意思。系動(dòng)詞有三beseem,appearfeel,look,smell,sound,taste表狀態(tài)延續(xù)的：remain,staykeepcontinue,表狀態(tài)變化：e,get,turngo,runfall,come,基本句型三++Ｏ（主＋謂＋賓 Ｖ（及物動(dòng)詞 Ｏ(賓語1.the2.laugh3.tohaveacupof4.don’twhatto5.living此句型中的謂語動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞，必須跟一個(gè)賓語，才能使意思完整，而賓語成分的多樣化使這一結(jié)構(gòu)異常復(fù)雜。Ｓ+Ｖ+IOＳ+Ｖ+IO+Ｏ（主＋謂＋間賓＋直賓ＳＶ（及物ｏ（多指人Ｏ（多指物Imyabeautiful此句型中的謂語動(dòng)詞必須有兩個(gè)賓語才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這兩個(gè)賓語一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的直接承受者（多指物），另一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的間接賓語（多指人）。若要先說出直接賓語，后說間接賓語，則要借助與介詞to或for。HeboughtmeabeautifulHeboughtabeautifulskirtfor 用for側(cè)重指動(dòng)作的受益者，表示為了 （需借to的）bringgive,lend,handofferpasspromise,return,sendshow l,writeask（需借助for的）buy,call,cook,choosedrawfind,get,make,order,sing等?；揪湫臀?++Ｃ（主＋謂＋賓＋賓補(bǔ) Ｖ（及物）Ｏ（賓語 Ｃ（賓補(bǔ)I

thetable

tocomebacksoon.gettingonthebus.個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分來不足賓語，才能使意思完整。注意it形式賓語，而將真正的賓語放到it真正賓語Ifounditverypleasanttobewithyour常用于此句型的動(dòng)詞有:thinkbelieve,consider,suppose,find,feel,make使用it當(dāng)形式賓語翻譯下他感到很難跟你交我認(rèn)為有可能用 法解題學(xué)校定了一條規(guī)則，開始 學(xué)生要起立HefeltitverydifficulttotalkwithIconsideritpossibletoworkouttheprobleminanotherway.Theschoolmadeitarulethatthestudentsshouldstandupwhenclassbegins.IthoughtitnousetalkingwiththatExercises判斷下列句子屬于ExercisesYouaresittingonthetrain

主+謂Therecomesthebus主+謂Theego’spotentialforexpansionisBreckenridgehoststheinternational主+動(dòng)+賓Ourneighborsgaveusababybird主+++直賓Wethinkitourdutytostudy主+++補(bǔ)Exercises更正下列句子的ExercisesHecametheThemusicIhaveHegaveapen Thebossmadetheboytoworkhard. Myfatherboughtabooktome.

HecameintotheThemusicsoundsIhaveseentheHegaveapentoThebossmadetheboyworkhard.Myfatherboughtabookforme.Exercises翻譯下列句子并分析句子結(jié)Exercises1.我經(jīng)常在早晨讀英語。 老師交給 。4.我母親經(jīng)常叫我努力學(xué)習(xí)5.我們叫我們的老 6.他正在房里做家庭作業(yè)IoftenreadEnglishintheMaryisacleverMyteachergavemeaMymotheroftenasksmetostudy

主+謂+賓主+系+表主+謂+雙賓主+謂+賓+賓WecallourteacherMr.

主+謂+賓+賓He ng inthe

主+找出下面句子的主干ALebanese(whohadleftthecountryforSyriaduringthe-betweenIsraelandHizbollah,)returnswithherfamilyfollowingtheceasefire,attheLebanonSyriaborderinMagdelAnjarAugust14,2006.-SFirstputforwardbythe athematiciandeFormatintheseventeenthcenturythetheorem（定理）hadbaffledandbeatenthefinestmathematicalminds,includingaFrenchwomanscientistwhomadeamajoradvanceinworkingouttheproblem,andwhohadtodresslikeamaninordertobeabletostudyattheEcolabpolytechnique.（NMET2003.C篇） 男裝為了能夠在伊理工學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)。ofoftwinswassignificantlylessthanmuchofthepublicandmanyscientiststhinkitis.JosephineTesauro,left,activeandhealthyat92,ispartofastudytryingtodeterminewhysomepeopleagebetterthanothers,evenwhentheyarecloselyEventhoughtheremaybeatendencyinsomerarefamiliestoliveextraordinarilylong,thegeneticinfluencethatemergedfromthestudiesWashington

worldpowersdiscussingpunitive(懲戒性的)measuresweekagainst

as

,InternationalAtomicEnergyAgencyreportsTeheranhasigno