PAGEPAGE10/10九年級(jí)上學(xué)期英語課文知識(shí)點(diǎn)外研版【篇一】九年級(jí)上學(xué)期英語課文知識(shí)點(diǎn)外研版所謂垂懸結(jié)構(gòu)(TheDanglingConstruction成分，如分詞短語，不定式動(dòng)詞短語等，找不到被修飾的主語或被修飾的對象不合邏輯。垂懸結(jié)構(gòu)是種錯(cuò)誤的句法，應(yīng)該避免。下面是三種常見的垂懸結(jié)構(gòu)及其改正方法：⒈垂懸分詞或分詞短語，如：①Climbingupthehill,severalboarswereseen.這句子里的現(xiàn)在分詞短語(presentparticipialphrase)修飾主語“severalboars”是錯(cuò)的;改正方法有二：確定是邏輯主語，使句子變成upthehill,theexplorerssawseveralboars.”“Whentheexplorersclimbedupthehill,theysawseveralboars/severalboarswereseen.”⒉垂懸副詞短語，如：Afterputtingashrimponthehook,thefishbegantobite.這句的副詞短語(adverbphrase)和主語“thefish”邏輯關(guān)系呢?真正的邏輯主語應(yīng)該是“thefisherman”或“theangler”才對。改正方法：Afterputtingashrimponthehook,thefishermanfoundthatthefishbegantoAfterthefishermanhadputashrimpthehook,thefishbegantobite.⒊垂懸不定式動(dòng)詞短語，如：Towritewell,alotofpracticeisneeded.Tobealoyalemployee,asenseofbelongingisamust.這兩個(gè)句子的不定式動(dòng)詞短語(infinitivephrases)并不能修飾“practice”和“asenseofbelonging”，真正的主語必須是“人”，如：Towritewell,oneneedsalotofpractice/apersonhastopractiseaTobealoyalemployee,heorshehaveasenseofbelonging.上述三類垂懸結(jié)構(gòu)中，第一類發(fā)生的頻率，必須注垂懸結(jié)構(gòu)：第一，獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)(TheAbsoluteConstruction，見3月7日結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：Suchbeingthecase,wecangohomenow./……itisnotwrongtocallitaday.主語，所以沒有垂懸問題存在。例如：Owingtoalackoffunds,theprojecthastobediscontinued.Providedthatthereissufficienttime,everyonecandothejobbetter.如：Judgingfromhisfaciallook,thenewsmusthavebeenterrible.Takenasawhole,thereisnothingwrongwiththelogicbehindthatidea.【篇二】九年級(jí)上學(xué)期英語課文知識(shí)點(diǎn)外研版連詞及其用法接詞與詞，短語與短語以及句與句的作用。常見的連詞and(和，與;而且;于是，然后;因此)but(但是;通常用not...but...不是...而是...;可是,然而;表示驚訝，不同意等--喔，哇;用來加強(qiáng)語句重復(fù)部分的語氣--一定;用來引入新話題--那就;常用于否定句--而不，若不;用于含doubt,question等字的否定句中相當(dāng)于that--對于)or(或者，還是;用于否定句或問句--也不;否則，要不然;也就是說，換言之)nor(用在neither之后--也不;用在no,not,never之后--也不;用在句首，句子需倒裝--也不)so(因此，所以;因而，從而)yet(可是，卻，然而)for(因?yàn)?，由?both…and(notonly…butalso(不但，而且)either…or(不是...就是;要么...要么)neither…nor(既不...也不...)3.并列連詞：①and與or;②both…and兩者都;③notonly…but...aswellas=notonly...butalso不但…而且;④neither…nor不……也不……謂語動(dòng)詞采用就近原則，與nor4.轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ冗B詞①but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，while表示對比。②not…but…意思為不是……而是……。賓語從句當(dāng)賓語，位于及物動(dòng)詞、介詞或復(fù)合謂語之后的從句稱為賓語從句。賓語從句分為三類：動(dòng)詞的賓語從句，介詞的賓語從句和形容詞的賓語從句。(1)以thatthatthatthatDoyouthink(that)itwillrain?你認(rèn)為天會(huì)下雨嗎?Hesaid(that)hecouldcomeontime.的。(2)以whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句：從屬連詞if,whether引導(dǎo)的名詞從句是由一般疑問句或選擇疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化而來的，變成從句后，語序由原來的倒裝語序變成陳述語序。whether和if意為“是否”。Letusknowwhether/ifyoucanfinishtheworkbeforeFriday.Idon’tcarewhetheryoulikethestoryornot.我不在乎你是否喜歡這個(gè)故事。(3)特殊疑問詞what/when/where/who等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句：用陳述語序，由wh-開頭的疑問詞引導(dǎo)。包括who,whom,whose,what,which等連接代詞和where,when,how,why從句中要作相應(yīng)的成分，不能省略。例如：Couldyoutellmewhichgatewehavetogoto?請問我們得走哪個(gè)門?Hedidn’ttellmehowlonghewouldstayhere.他沒有告訴我他要在這里呆多長時(shí)間?！酒烤拍昙?jí)上學(xué)期英語課文知識(shí)點(diǎn)外研版疑問詞是疑問代詞“who,whom,what,which,whose”和疑問副詞“when,where,how,why”。此外，連接詞“whether”也適用?！坝邢铝形宸N：⑴當(dāng)主語，如：Whentoholdthemeetinghasnotyetbeendecided.Wheretoliveisaproblem.Howtocopewiththerisingcostoflivingbecomesadailydiscussiontopic.⑵當(dāng)賓語，如：Wemustknowwhattosayatameeting.Hecouldnottellwhomtotrust.Doyouknowhowtoplaybridge?⑶當(dāng)補(bǔ)足語，如：Theproblemiswheretofindthefinancialaid.Thequestioniswhotoelect.⑷當(dāng)名詞同位語，如：Tomhadnoideawhichbooktoreadfirst.Doyouhavearoughimpressionhowtodoit?⑸當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語，如：Jimisnotsurewhosetochoose.MaryandJohnarenotcertainwhethertogetmarriedornot.適用于“疑問詞+不定式動(dòng)詞”的動(dòng)詞包括：“know,see,decide,tell,ask,consider,discover,explain,forget,guess,hear,imagine,inquire,learn,remember,think,wonder,understand”等。用等于名詞分句，例如：Icouldnotdecidewhichdictonarytobuy./IcouldnotdecidewhichdictionaryIshouldbuy.Jackdidnotknowwheretofindsuchagoodteacher./Jackdidnotknowwherehecouldfindsuchagoodteacher.有些動(dòng)詞，如“ask