Unit3OntheMove—高一英語(yǔ)外研版（2019）必修第二冊(cè)大單元“四步復(fù)習(xí)法”第一步：?jiǎn)卧獙W(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)整合1.學(xué)生理解足球比賽中的信號(hào)所代表的含義，并引出所理解的主題2.學(xué)生理解并掌握不定式作定語(yǔ)和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能3.學(xué)生能夠準(zhǔn)確組織語(yǔ)句完成本節(jié)課關(guān)于運(yùn)動(dòng)故事的寫作第二步：?jiǎn)卧季S導(dǎo)圖回顧知識(shí)第三步：?jiǎn)卧仉y知識(shí)易混易錯(cuò)不定式作定語(yǔ)和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)一、動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)1.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)，只能位于所修飾詞的后面，可擴(kuò)展為一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。Wearelookingforanapartmenttolivein.=Wearelookingforanapartmentthatwecanlivein.我們正在找一個(gè)可以居住的公寓。Ineedapentowritewith.=IneedapenthatIcanwritewith.我需要一支寫字的鋼筆。2.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)的用法（1）動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)可表示將來(lái)的還未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Alltheteacherstoattendtheopeningceremonytomorrowshouldweartheuniforms.明天將要出席開幕式的所有老師應(yīng)該穿制服。TheWinterOlympicstobeheldin2022willsurelybringinmanyinternationaltourists.2022年要舉行的冬奧會(huì)肯定會(huì)吸引許多國(guó)際游客。（2）序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)或thelast/theonly/thenext等后常用動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)。ThenexttraintoarrivewasfromNewYork.下一趟抵達(dá)的火車是從紐約開來(lái)的。Youaretheonlypersontobelateforsuchanimportantmeeting.在這么重要的會(huì)議上，你是唯一遲到的人。Itisrecognizedthatheisthebestmantodothejob.人們認(rèn)為他是做這個(gè)工作的最佳人選。Themanagerwasthelasttocometothemeeting.經(jīng)理是最后一個(gè)到達(dá)會(huì)場(chǎng)的人。（3）抽象名詞ability,chance,opportunity,belief,way,right,courage,decision,hope,wish,plan,dream等后常用動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)。Thankstoyourencouragement,Ifinallygotthecouragetofacethechallenge.多虧了你的鼓勵(lì)，我最終有了迎接挑戰(zhàn)的勇氣。Startinganewschooltermisalwaysexciting.Itisagoodchancetoseeyourfriendsagain.開始一個(gè)新學(xué)期總是很令人興奮，這是一個(gè)再次見到你朋友的好機(jī)會(huì)。Hisabilitytogetonwellwithpeopleishischiefadvantage.他與人和睦相處的能力是他的主要優(yōu)點(diǎn)。注意：1.作定語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式與被修飾詞之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，如果構(gòu)成不定式的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，或者該不定式本身有賓語(yǔ)，則不定式后面要加上相應(yīng)的介詞。Pleasegivemeaknifetocutwith.請(qǐng)給我一把切東西的刀。Sheboughtabookshelftoputherbookson.她買了一個(gè)書架放書。2.當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式所修飾的名詞是不定式動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，不定式既可以用主動(dòng)形式，也可用被動(dòng)形式，意義差別不大。但有時(shí)其含義有所不同，試比較：Therearealotofletterstowrite/tobewrittenthisevening.今天晚上有許多信要寫。Thereisnothingtosee.沒(méi)什么東西（可）值得看。(nothingworthseeing)Thereisnothingtobeseen.看不見什么東西。(nothingthereatall)Hehasachildtolookafter.他有個(gè)孩子要照看。（自己照看,byhimself）Hehasachildtobelookedafter.他有個(gè)孩子要照看。（自己照看或由別人照看）二、動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)1.動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)的用法（1）動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，在動(dòng)詞不定式前面加上only，構(gòu)成onlytodo結(jié)構(gòu)，用以引出意想不到的或不愉快的結(jié)果，表示說(shuō)話人并不希望它發(fā)生。YesterdayIwenttoseeheronlytolearnthatshehadgoneabroadaweekbefore.昨天我去看她，不料聽人說(shuō)她一周前出國(guó)了。Thetravelerlookedupsuddenlytofindaleopardinthetree.那旅人猛然抬頭一看，發(fā)現(xiàn)樹上有一只豹子。（2）動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用于一些特定的句型結(jié)構(gòu)中：too…todo…太……而不能做……so/such…astodo如此……以至于…enoughtodo足夠……做某事nevertodosth.再也不做某事Themeetingroomistoosmalltoholdfiftypeople.這間會(huì)議室太小了，裝不下50人。Sheissoproudastolookdownuponothers.她如此驕傲以至于看不起別人。Wearenotoldenoughtovoteandtobevoted.我們太小,還不能選舉和被選舉。Helefthishometownwhenhewasten,nevertoreturn.他十歲的時(shí)候離開家，再也沒(méi)有回來(lái)。2.使用動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)的特殊情況（1）在某些情況下，動(dòng)詞不定式可以直接在句中作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。Wherehaveyoubeentobesodelighted?你去了哪兒,竟如此高興？Hedidexcellentworktobegeneralmanagerofthefamouscompany.他工作非常出色，后來(lái)成為這家著名公司的總經(jīng)理。（2）在某些表示對(duì)人進(jìn)行表?yè)P(yáng)或批評(píng)的形容詞后常接不定式表示結(jié)果。此類形容詞有：right,polite,crazy,generous,good,kind,nice等。Hewasgeneroustolendusalargeamountofmoney.他為人慷慨，借給了我們一大筆錢。Shewasverykindtoshowustheway.她非常友好,給我們指了路。練習(xí)：1.Hehurriedtothebookingoffice,only______(tell)thattheticketshadbeensoldout.2.Volunteeringgivesyouachance_______(change)lives,includingyourown.3.Hissecondbook_______(publish)nextmonthisbelievedtobeahit.4."Doyouhaveanyclothes_______(wash)today?"mymotherasked.5.Meyerandhisteamwerethefirstpeople_______(show)howthediseasespreadsfromanimalstohumans.6.Thisistheonlywaywecanimagine_______(reduce)theoveruseofwaterinstudents'bathrooms.答案：1.tobetold2.tochange3.tobepublished4.towash5.toshow6.toreduce第四步：?jiǎn)卧诵乃仞B(yǎng)對(duì)接高考語(yǔ)法填空The2022NobelPrizeinLiteratureisawardedtotheFrenchauthorAnnieErnaux,theSwedishAcademyannouncedonThursday.Sheisoneof①_______mostinfluentialfemalewritersincontemporary(當(dāng)代)Frenchliterarycircles.GrowingupinthesmalltownofYvetotinNormandy,France,Ernaux,whois82yearsold,②_______(earn)theprizeforthewayshewritesaboutthecomplexnatureofpersonalmemory.Ernauxstartedoutwritingfictionbased③_______herownlife.Hermorethan20books,mostofthemveryshort,recordeventsinherlifeandthelivesofthosearoundher.HerbookAMan’sPlace,aboutherrelationshipwithherfather,wasthefirst④_______(bring)herfame.Shewrote,“Thisneutral(中立)writingstylecomestomenaturally.”Hermost⑤_______(critical)favoredbook“TheYears”,⑥_______(publish)in2008,receivednumerousawardsandhonors.Unlikeinpreviousbooks,in“TheYears,”Ernauxwritesaboutherselfinthethirdperson,⑦_(dá)______(call)hercharacter“she”ratherthan“I”,anddescribingherselfandmuch_______(wide)FrenchsocietyfromtheendofWorldWarIItothepresentday.AndersOlsson,chairman,NobelCommitteeforliterature,saidErnaux’sworkwasoften“