Partone：earlyandmedievalenglishliteratureChapter1:themakingofengland1theBriton2theRomanConsequent3theEnglishConsequent4thesocialconditionoftheAnglo-SaxonsChapter2:Beowulf<Beowulf>貝奧武夫:thenationalepicoftheAnglo-SaxonsEpic:longnarrativepoemsthatrecordtheadventuresorheroicdeedsofaheroenactedinvastlandscapes.Thestyleofepicisgrandandelevated.e.g.Homer’sIliadandOdysseyArtisticfeatures:1Usingalliteration2UsingmetaphorandunderstatementDefinitionofalliteration:arhetoricaldevice,meaningsomewordsinasentencebeginwiththesameconsonantsound（頭韻）SomeexamplesonP5Definitionofunderstatement:expressingsomethinginacontrolledwayUnderstatementisatypicalwayforEnglishmentoexpresstheirideasChapter3:FeudalEngland1theNormanConsequest:=1\*GB3①theDanishinvasionKingAlfred:theAnglo-SaxonChronicle=2\*GB3②theNormanConsequest:MarkstheestablishmentoffeudalisminEngland\2FeudaEnglandSocialfeaturesoftheFeudaEngland：Twoclasses（landlordandpeasant）Themiseriesofthepeasant：BlackDeathTheraisingof13813theRomance:knightFamousthree:KingArthurSirGawainandtheGreenKnightBeowulfChapter4WilliamLanglandPiersThePlowman耕者皮爾斯:apictureoffeudalEngland=1\*GB3①theexposureoftherulingclasses=2\*GB3②thestoryoftheCatandRats=3\*GB3③themarriageofladyMeed=4\*GB3④theconditionofthepeasants=5\*GB3⑤thesearchfortruth=6\*GB3⑥arepresentativeofthemostoppressedsectionofthepeasantryArtisticfeatures:ItiswrittenintheformofadreamvisionUsingsymbolismChapter5theEnglishBllads民謠OralliteratureBallad:isastorytoldinsong,usuallyin4-linestanzas,withthesecondandfourthlinesrhymed.TheRobinHoodBalladChapter6GeofferyChaucer英國文學(xué)史上首先用倫敦方言寫作。約翰·德萊頓（JohnDryden）稱其為“英國詩歌之父”ThefatherofEnglishpoetry.writingstyle:wisdom,humor,humanity.=1\*GB3①<TheCanterburyTales>坎特伯雷故事集：firsttimetouse‘heroiccouplet’(雙韻體)bymiddleEnglish=2\*GB3②<TroilusandCriseyde>特羅伊拉斯和克萊希德③<TheHouseofFame>聲譽(yù)之宮PartTwo：TheEnglishRenaissanceAperiodofdramaandpoetry.TheElizabethandramaistherealmainstreamoftheEnglishRenaissance.Chapter1OldEnglandintransition1thenewmonarchy2thereformation3theEnglishBible：JhonWycliffe,translatedthefirstcompleteEnglishBileAuthorizedVersion:alsocalledKingJamesBible4theenclosuremovement5thecommercialexoansion6thewarbetweenSpain：itendedwiththerouteoftheSpanishfleet"Armada"7theRenaissanceandHumanismRenaissance:theactivity,spirit,ortimeofthegreatrevivalofart,literature,andlearninginEuropebeginninginthe14thcenturyandextendingtothe17thcentury,markingthetransitionfromthemedievaltothemodernworld.Humanismisthekey-noteoftheRenaissance.Humanism:reflectedthenewoutlookoftherisingbourgeoisclass,whichsawtheworldopenningbeforeit.ThreehistoricaleventsoftheRenaissance–rebirthorrevival:newdiscoveriesingeographyandastrologythereligiousreformationandeconomicexpansionrediscoveryofancientRomanandGreekcultureThemostfamousdramatists:ChristopherMarloweWilliamShakespeare8WilliamCaxton:thefirstEnglishprinterChapter2ThomasMoreOneofthegreatestEnglishhumanistsUtopia烏托邦:anidealcummunistsocietyThomas:1norevolutionaryinthesenseofwishingtoarousethepeopleortostartanymovement2stillretainsthefeaturesofclassexploitation3hecouldneverfindatthattimethemeansbywhichsocialismcouldberealized.Chapter3thefloweringofEnglishliterature1theflourishingofliterature2SirPhilipSidneyApoetandcriticpoetryAstrophelandStella,ApologyforpoetryWalterRaleigh:DiscoveryofGuiana3EdmundSpenser埃德蒙?斯賓塞1552~1599Thepoets’poet.ThefirsttobeburiedinthePoet’scornerofWesterminsterAbbey=1\*GB3①

<TheFaerieQueene>仙后(forQueenElizabeth)Itiswritteninaspecialverseformthatconsisitsof8iambicpentameterlinesfollowedbya9lineof6iambicfeet(analexandrine),withtherhymeschemeababbcbbcThethemeisnot“Armsandtheman”,butsomethingmoreromantic“Fiercewarsandfaithfullloves”.Artisticfeatures:UsingSpenserianStanzaDefinitionofSpenserianStanza:astanzaofninelinesababbcbcc.Eightlinesiniambicpentameter,andlastlineiniambichexameter.=2\*GB3②<TheShepherdsCalendar>牧人日歷ThethemeistolamentoverthelossofRosalind.③<Amoretti>愛情小唱4JohnLyly"gentlereader"Euphues5FrancisBacon弗蘭西斯?培根1561~1626 （哲學(xué)家、散文家；在論述探究知識(shí)的著作中提出了知識(shí)就是力量這一著名論斷；近代唯物主義哲學(xué)的奠基人和近代實(shí)驗(yàn)科學(xué)的先驅(qū)。）ThefounderofEnglishmaterialistThefounderofmodernscienceinEnglish Philosopher,scientist,laythefoundationformodernscience.ThefirstEnglishessayist. Writingstyle:brevity,compactness&powerfulness,well-arrangingandenrichingbyBiblicalallusions,metaphorsandphilosophytoman’sreason. ①<TheAdvancementofLearning>學(xué)術(shù)的推進(jìn) ②<Essays>隨筆(famousquotas:<Ofstudies>) ThethemeofOfStudies:usesandbenefitsofstudyanddifferentwaysadoptedbydifferentpeopletopursuestudies.Chapter4DramaThehighestgloryoftheEnglishRenaissancewasunquestionablyitsdrama1themiracleplay2themoralityplay3theinterlude4theclassicaldrama5theLondontheatreChapter5ChristopherMarlowe柯里斯托弗?馬洛1564~1595“UniversityWits”,thepioneerofEnglishdrama （完善了無韻體詩。）Blankverse:writteninunrhymediambicpentameter. ①<TheTragicalHistoryofDoctorFaustus>浮士德博士的悲劇（根據(jù)德國民間故事書寫成） ②<Tamburlaine>帖木耳大帝

③<TheJewofMalta>馬耳他的猶太人Significanceofhisplays:1theheroesofhisplaysaregenerallydistinguishedbyaresolutecharacter,ascornoforthodoxcreeds,andanoverpoweringpaasion.2Thepraiseofindividualityfreedfromtherestraintsofmedievaldogmasandlaw,andtheconvictionoftheboundlesspossibilityofhumaneffortdinconqueringtheuniverse.3thehero'sindividualisticambitionoftenbringsruinstotheruintotheworldandsometomestothemselves.Hisliteraryachievement:1thegreatestofthepioneersofEnglishdrama2reformedthelanguageandverseofdramaticworks3firstmadeblankverse.Hisblankversehasbeencalledas"titanic"4famousforhis"mightyline".Itismightyandplastic5pavethewayfortheShakespeareChapter6WilliamShakespeare威廉?莎士比亞1564~161637plays

=1\*GB3①

Historicalplays:HenryVI;HenryIV:RichardIII;HenryV；RichardII；HenryVIII=2\*GB3②FourComedies:<AsYouLikeIt>皆大歡喜;<TwelfthNight>第十二夜;<AMidsummerNight’SDream>仲夏夜之夢(mèng);<MerchantOfVenice>威尼斯商人③FourTragedies:<Hamlet>哈姆萊特;<Othello>奧賽羅;<KingLear>李爾王;<Macbeth>麥克白④poems:1venusandadonis2ShakespeareSonnet:154<TheSonnets>Threequatrainandonecouplet,ababcdcdefefggAsonnetisalyricconsistingof14lines,usuallyiniambicpentameterrestrictedtoadefinitionrhymescheme.3therapeoflucreceFeaturesofShakespeare'sdrama:1oneofthefounderofrealisminworldliterature2oftenusedthemethodofadoptation3hislongexperiencewiththestageandhisintimateknowledgeofdramaticartthusacuiredmakehimamasterhandforplaywriting.4skilledinmanypoeticforms:song,sonnet,couplet,dramaticblankverse5agreatmasteroftheEnglishlanguageChapter7BenJonson=1\*GB3①<ComedyofHumours>=2\*GB3②<Volpone,orthefox>狐貍=3\*GB3③EveryManinHisHumouraprolificdramatistPartthreetheperiodoftheEnglishbourgeoisrevolutionChaper1theEnglishrevolutionandtheReatoration1theweakeningofthetiebetweenmonarchyandbourgeoise2theclashesbetweenthekingandparliament3theoutburstoftheEnglishrevolution:4thesplitwiththerevolutioncamp5thebourgeoisdictatorshipandtherestoration6thereligiouscloakoftheEnglishrevolution:Alsocalledthepuritanrevolution.Puritanismisthereligiousdoctrine7literatureoftherevolutionperiodChapter2JohnMilton約翰?彌爾頓1608~1674（詩人、政論家;失明后寫《失樂園》、《復(fù)樂園》、《力士參孫》。）=1\*GB3①Epics:

<ParadiseLost>失樂園:writteninblankverseInthepoemgodisnobetterthanadespot.Godiscruelandunjust.AdamandEveembodyMilton'sbelifeinthepowersofman.Thedesriptionofhell,Satanistherealheroofthepoem.SatanisthespiritquestioningtheauthorityofGod.

<ParadiseRegained>復(fù)樂園=2\*GB3②Dramaticpoem:

<

SamsonAgonistes>力士參孫:Apoeticaldrama.=3\*GB3③<Areopagitica>論出版自由:asadeclarationofpeople'sfreedomofthepress,hasbeenaweaponinthelaterdemocraticrevulotionstruggles.<TheDefenceoftheEnglishPeople>為英國人民聲辯:asthespokesmanoftherevolution.④<OnHisBlindness>我的失明 Thissonnetiswritteniniambicpentameterrhymedinabbaabbacdecde,typicalofItaliansonnet.ItsthemeisthatpeopleusetheirtalentforGod,andtheyservehimbestshocanendurethesufferingbest.Milton:1hewasapoliticalinbothhislifeandhisart.HewasamilitantpamphleteeroftheEnglishRevolution,andthegreatestEnglishrevolutionarypoetin17thcentury2wrotethegreatestepicinEnglishliterature.HeandShakespearehavealwaysbeenregardedastwopatternsofEnglishverse3hefirstusedblankverseinnon-dramaticworks.Inparadiselost,heacquiresanabsolutemasteryoftheblankverse.4heisagreatstylist,grandstyle.5hissublimityofthoughtandmajestyofexpression.Chapter3JohnBunyan約翰?班揚(yáng)1628~1688（代表作《天路歷程》，宗教寓言，被譽(yù)為“具有永恒意義的百科全書”，是英國文學(xué)史上里程碑式著作。與但丁的《神曲》、奧古斯丁的《懺悔錄》并列為世界三大宗教題材文學(xué)杰作。）Puritanpoet(清教徒派詩人)=1\*GB3①ReligionaryAllegory:<ThePilgrim’sProgress>天路歷程Chapter4metaphysicalpoetsandCavalierpoetsBesidesMiltonandBunyan,otherpoetsandwriterswhoseworksexpressquitedifferentideasandsentiments.TheyarecalledmetapysicalsbySamuelJohnson1JohnDonnetheMetaphysicalpoet(玄學(xué)派詩人).MetaphysicalPoetry(玄學(xué)詩)：（用語）thedictionissimple,theimageryisfromtheactual,(形式)theformisfrequentlyanargumentwiththepoet’sbeloved,withgod,orwithhimself.（主題：love,religious,thought）Artisticfeatures:conceitsorimagery奇思妙喻syllogism三段論=1\*GB3①M(fèi)editations沉思錄TheFlea虱子=2\*GB3②SongsAndSonnetsHolySonnets=3\*GB3③Valediction:<ForbiddingMourning>2GeorgeHerbertThesaintofthemetaphysicalschoolSingthegloryofGodAltar3AndrewMarvellApuritanTohiscoymistress4HenryVaughanandRichardCrashaw:TworeligiospoetsCapter5someprose-writersRobertBurton:Masterpiece:theAnatomyofMelancholyThomasBrowme:ReligioMediciJeremyTaylor:HolyLivingHolyDyingIzaakWalton:TheCompleatAngkerChapter6Restorationliterature1restorationcomedy:Therestorationcomedyisnotoriousforitslicentiousness,beingfullofloveintrigue,andseductionandpromiscurityJhonDrydenAllForLoveAbsalomandAchitophelEnglishliteratureoftheRestorationperiodwasmodelledontheliteratureofFrancewhereclassicismwasthenprevailing.Accordingtoclassicism,dramaandproseshouldallbecontrolledbysomefixedrules.Part4the18thcenturyArevivalofinterestintheoldclassicalworks,order,logic,restrainedemotion(抑制情感)andaccuracyTheAgeofEnlightenment/Reason:themovementwasafurtheranceoftheRenaissanceofthe15thand16thcentries,aprogressiveintellectualmovement,reason(rationality),equality&science(the18thcentury)小說崛起：Inthemid-century,thenewlyliteraryform,modernEnglishnovelrised(realisticnovel現(xiàn)實(shí)主義小說)Gothicnovel(哥特式小說)：mystery,horror,castles(frommiddleparttotheendofcentury)Chapter1theenlightenmentandclassicisminEnglishliterature1theenlightenmentand18thcenturyEngland=1\*GB3①"GloriousRevolution"IndustrialRevolution=2\*GB3②theenlightenmentinEurope:anexpressionofstruggleofthebourgeoisieagainstfeudalism=3\*GB3③theEnglishEnlighteners2classicism:TheclassicistsmodelledthemselvesonGreekandLatinauthors,andtrytocontrolliterarycreationbysomefixedlawsandrulesdrawnfromGreekandLatinworks.TheEnglishclassicistsfollowedthesestandardsintheirwritings.ButthebasicdifferencebetweenDrydenandthe18thcenturyenlightenersliesinthefactthattheformerwrotetopleasethedecliningaristocracyduringtheRestorationperiodwhilelatterwrotefortherisingbourgeoisietotidyupthecapitalistsocialorder.Chapter2AddisonandSteele1SteeleandTheTatlerRichardSteele:TheChristianHero（apamphlet）TheTatler(apaper)Thepectator(inconjunctionwithAddison)Theatre2JosephAddisonTheCampaign(apoem)Cato(tragedy)SumupAddison'sandSteele'scontributiontotheEnglishliterature:=1\*GB3①theirwritingsaffordanewcodeofsocialmoralityfortherisingbourgeosie=2\*GB3②theygiveatruepictureofthesociallifeofEngishin18thcentury=3\*GB3③inthehandsofthem,theEnglishessayhadcompletelyestablisheditselfasaliterarygenre.Usingitasaformofcharactersketchingandstory-telling,theyusheredinthedawnofmodernEnglishnovel.Chapter2AlexanderPope亞歷山大?蒲柏1688~1744（18世紀(jì)英國最偉大的詩人，其詩多用“英雄雙韻體”/“heroiccouplets”。詞句工整、精練、富有哲理性。）OneofthefirsttointroducerationalismtoEngland.=1\*GB3①<AnEssayonCriticism>批評(píng)論adiacticpoemArtisticfeatures:1.Using“heroiccouplets”=2\*GB3②<TheRapeoftheLock>卷發(fā)遇劫記=3\*GB3③<MoralEssays>道德論

<EssayonMan>人論<TheDunciad>愚人記poemPopewasanoutstandingenlightenerandthegreatestEnglishpoetoftheclassicalschoolinthefirsthalfofthe18thcentury.FrequentlywritingintheformofheroiccoupletsChapter4JonathanSwift喬納森?斯威夫特1667~1745（十八世紀(jì)杰出的政論家和諷刺小說家amastersatirist。）

=1\*GB3①<Gulliver’sTravels>格列佛游記(fictionalwork)Fourparts:Lilliput小人國Brobdingnag大人國FlyingIsland飛島Houyhnhnm馬島<AModestProposal>一個(gè)小小的建議=2\*GB3②<TheBattleofBooks>書戰(zhàn)=3\*GB3③<ATaleofaTub>木桶的故事④<TheDrapper’sLetters>一個(gè)麻布商的書信Hislanguageissimpleandclearandvigorous.Heisamastersatirist,andhisironyiddeadly.Chapter5DanielDefoe丹尼爾?笛福1660~1731（小說家，新聞?dòng)浾?，小?cè)子作者；十八世紀(jì)英國現(xiàn)實(shí)主義小說的奠基人。）Heisthefirstwriterstudyofthelower-classpeople,hislanguageissmooth,easy,colloquialandmostlyvernacular,andheisthefounderofrealisticnovel.=1\*GB3①<RobinsonCrusoe>魯賓遜漂流記ItpraisethefortitudeofthehumanlaborandthePuritan.Robinsongrewfromanaiveandartlessyouthintoashrewdandhardenedman,temperedbynumeroustrialsinhiseventfullife.Itisanadventurestory,Robinson,narrateshowhegoestosea,getsshipwreckedandmaroonedonalonelyisland,strugglestolivefor24-yearsthereandfinallygetsrelievedandreturnstoEngland.RobinsonCrusoeisrepresentativeoftheEnglishbourgeoisie.=2\*GB3②<MollFlanders>=3\*GB3③<ColonelJacque>④<Captainsingleton>HewastherealfounderoftherealisticnovelinEngland.Chapter6SamuelRichrardsonPamelaClarissaChapter7HenryFielding亨利?菲爾丁1707~1754（英國小說家，戲劇家，被譽(yù)為“英國小說之父”。）Heiscalled“FatherofEnglishnovel”.Hewasthefirsttowritea“Comicepicinprose”(散文體史詩),andthefirsttogivethemodernnovelitsstructureandstyle.=1\*GB3①novels:<TheHistoryofTomJones,aFoundling>棄嬰湯姆?瓊斯<TheHistoryoftheAdventuresofJosephAndrews>約瑟夫?安德魯<TheLifeofMrJonathanWild,theGreat>大詩人江奈生?威爾德<Amelia>愛米利亞=2\*GB3②plays:<TheHistoricalRegisterfor1736>一七三六年歷史記事<DonQuixoteinEngland>堂吉柯德在英國Hewasanovelist,dramatist,essayist,politicalpamphleteer.Hedevelopehisnarrativeinthefullest,freest,clearestandmoststraightforardmanner,andalsoaffordshimopportunitiesofgiving,atsuitableplaces,personalexplanations.Satireaboundseberywhereinhisworks.HumoroussatireandakindofgrimsatireHebelievedintheeducationalfunctionofthenovel.Heisamasterofstyle.Hisstyleideasy,unlabouredandfamiliar,butextremelyvividandvigorous.Sympathyfortheworkingpeople,contemptfortheparasites,theexploitersandtheoppressorsChapter8SmollettandSterneTobiasSmollett：RoderickRandom(apicaresquenovel)PererinePickleHunphryClinkerLaurenceSterneTristramShandyASentimentalJourneyChapter918thcenturydramaandSheridanTheenglishdramaofthe18thdoesn'treachthesamehighlevelasitsnovel.Onereason:theLicensingActof1737RichardBrinsleySheridan理查德?布林斯利?施萊登1751~1816=1\*GB3①<TheRivals>情敵=2\*GB3②<TheSchoolforScandal>造謠學(xué)校Chapter9SamuelJohnson塞繆爾?約翰遜1709~1784Lexicographer,criticandpoetDictionary=<ADictionaryofEnglishLanguage>英語大詞典JamesBoswell:Lifeoflondon(aclassicofEnglishbiography)Chapter11 OliverGoldsmith奧利弗?格爾德斯密斯1730~1774①poems:

<TheTraveller>旅游人

<TheDesertedVillage>荒村Bothwritteninheroiccouplet,consistingoftwoiambicpentameterlineslinkedbyrhyme.②novel:<TheVicarofWakefield>威克菲爾德牧師傳=3\*GB3③comdies:TheGoodNaturedManShestoopstoConquer=4\*GB3④essay:TheCitizenoftheWorldChapter12EdwardGibbonEssayontheStudyofliteratureTheDeclineandFalloftheRomanEmpireChapter13sentimentalismandpre-romanticisminpoetry1sentimentalisminEnglishpoetryTherepresentativesofsentimentalismcontinuedtostruggleagainstfeudalism,buttheysensedatthesametimethecontradictionsintheprocessofcapitalistdevelopment.Theappearanceanddevelopmentofsentimentalismpoetrymarksthemidwayinthetransitionfromclassicismtoitsoppositeromanticism.WilliamCowper:ThetaskGeorgeGrabbe:Thevillage2pre-romanticismThomasPercy:ReliquesofAncientEnglishpoetryJamesMacpherson:Thesaddestandthemostinterestingfigureofthepre-romanticmovement.TheRowleypapersChapter14 WilliamBlake威廉?布萊克1757~1827 ①<SongsofInnocence>天真之歌 Ahappyandinnocentworldfromchildren’seye. ②<SongsofExperience>經(jīng)驗(yàn)之歌 Awordofmisery,poverty,disease,warandrepressionwithamelancholytonefrommeneyes. Include:

<TheChimneySweeper> <London> <TheTyger> Lambisasymbolofpeaceandpurity Tygerisasymbolofdreadandoiolence ③

<TheMarriageofHeavenandHell>天堂與地獄的婚姻HeidentifiesclassicismwithformalismChapter15RobertBurns羅伯特?彭斯1759~1796ThegreatestScottishpoetinthelate18thcentury.PoemsChieflyintheScottishDialect主要用蘇格蘭方言寫的詩①<JohnAnderson,MyJo>約翰?安德生，我的愛人②<ARed,RedRose>一朵紅紅的玫瑰③<AuldLongSyne>往昔時(shí)光④<AMan’saManforA’That>不管那一套⑤<MyHeart’sintheHighlands>我的心在那高原上⑥<BruceAtBannockburn>⑦<TheTreeOfLiberty>PartFive:RomanticisminEnglandChapter1theRomanticperiodTheromanticperiodbeganin1798thepublicationofWordsworthandColeridge’s<LyricalBallads>,andendin1832withSirWalterScott’sdeath.Romanticism:Itemphasizethespecialqualitieofeachindividual’smind.(人應(yīng)該是獨(dú)立自由的個(gè)體)Init,emotionoverreason,spontaneousemotion,achangefromtheouterworldofsocialcivilizationtotheinnerworldofthehumanspirit,poetryshouldbefreefromallrules,imagination,nature,commonplace.TwomajornovelistsoftheRomanticperiodareJaneAusten(realistic)andWalterScott(romantic).“TheLakePoets”湖畔詩人，wholivedinthelakedistrict.WilliamWordsworth;SamuelTaylorColeridge;RobertSoutheyImportantevent:TheFrenchRevolutionPeterlooMasscareAmidthesesocialconflictsromanticismaroseasanewliterarytrend.Itprevailedinenglandduringtheperiod1798-1832.Generallyspeaking,theromanticistsexpressedtheideologyandsentimentofthoseclassesandsocialstratawhowerediscontentwith,andopposedto,thedevelopmentofcapitalism.Theworksofromanticistsisadissatisfactionwiththebourgeoissociety,theypaidgreatattentiontothespritualandemotionallifeofman.WalterscottmarkedthetransitionChapter2WilliamWordsworth威廉?華茲華斯1770~1850（與柯爾律治、騷塞同被稱為“湖畔派”詩人。TheLakePoets）①<LyricalBallads>抒情歌謠集(withSamuelTaylorColeridge)Markedthebreakwiththeconventionalpoeticaltraditionofthe18thcentury.②<IWonderedLonelyAsACloud>我好似一朵流云獨(dú)自漫游Theme:1.Natureembodieshumanbeingsintheirdiversecircumstance.Itisnaturethatgivehim“strengthandknowledgefullofpeace” 2.Itisblisstorecolledthebeautyofnatureinpoetmindwhileheisinsolitude.Comment:Thepoetisverycheerfulwithrecallingthebeautifulsights.Inthepoemonthebeautyofnature,thereaderispresentedavividpictureoflivelyandlovelydaffodils(水仙)andpoet’sphilosophicalideasandmysticalthoughts.③LinesComposedAFewMilesAboveTinternAbbey丁登寺賦④TheSolitaryReaper孤獨(dú)的割麥女=5\*GB3⑤<ThePrelude>序曲autobiographicalpoemChapter3ColeridgeandSoutheyTheLakeSamuelTaylorColeridge塞繆爾?泰勒?科爾律治1772~1834①<TheRimeoftheAncientMariner>古舟子頌②<Christabel>柯里斯塔貝爾unfinished③<KublaKhan>忽必烈汗adream-poemArtisticfeatures:mysticism,demonismwithstrongimagination,astrangeterritory④<FrostatNight>半夜冰霜⑤<Dejection,anOde>憂郁頌⑥<LyricalBallads>抒情歌謠集(withWilliamWordsworth)RobertSouthey<TheFallofRobespierre>withColeridgeChapter4

GeorgeGordonByron喬治?戈登?拜倫1788~1824（拜倫式英雄Byronicheroes孤傲、狂熱、浪漫，卻充滿了反抗精神。內(nèi)心充滿了孤獨(dú)與苦悶，卻又蔑視群小。恰爾德·哈羅德是拜倫詩歌中第一個(gè)“拜倫式英雄”。）“Byronichero”isaproud,mysteriousrebelfigureofnobleorigin,againsttyrannicalrulesormoralprinciples.①<DonJuan>唐?璜Writteninottavarima,eachstanzacontaining8iambicpentameterlinesrhymedabababcc<ChildeHarold’sPilgrimage>恰爾德?哈羅德爾游記Writteninspenserianstanza,ababbcbbc<Cain>該隱 ②<WhenWeTwoParted>當(dāng)初我們倆分別<SheWalksInBeauty>Chapter5 PersyByssheShelley波西?比希?雪萊1792~1822PoeticDrama：<PrometheusUnbound>解放了的普羅米修斯Theme:thedramacelebraiesman’svictoryovertyrannyandoppressionlongpoem:<QueenMab>麥布女王Condemningtyrannyandexploitatuonandtheunjustwarwagedbytherichtoplunderwealth.Lookingforwardtoahappyfutureformankindbutrejectingthepathofrevolutionbyvoilence.<RevoltofIslam>伊斯蘭的反叛<TheCenci>欽契一家<ADefenceofPoetry>詩辯<TheNecessityofAtheism>無神論的必要性anti-religiouspamphletLyrics:<OdetotheWestWind>西風(fēng)頌Theme:Theauthorexpresshiseagernesstoenjoytheboundlessfreedomfromthereality.Comparethewestwindtodestroyeroftheoldwhodrivesthelastsignsoflifefromthetrees,andpreserverofthenewwhoscattertheseadsshichsillcometolifeinthespring.Thisisapoemaboutrenewal,aboutthewindblowinglifebackintodeadthings,implyingnotjustanarcoflife(whichwouldendatdeath)butacycle,whichonlystartsagainwhensomethingdies.Comment:PercyByssheShelley's"OdetotheWestWind"iswritteniniambicpentameter.Itcontainsfivesonnetlengthstanzas,eachwithaclosingcouplet.Therhymingschemeformisababcbcdcdedee.Thetoneispoignant.Manywillagreethatthispoemisaninvocationforanunseenforcetotakecontrolandrevivelife.Artisticfeatures: Usingrerzarima(三行詩ababcbcdcdedefe…)<ToaSkylark>致云雀Chapter6 JohnKeats約翰?濟(jì)慈1795~1821(“美即是真，真即是美”是他的著名詩句。)①Fourgreatodes:<OdeonaGrecianUrn>希臘古甕頌<OdetoaNightingale>夜鶯頌<OdetoPsyche>心靈頌<OdeOnMelancholy>憂郁頌②<ToAutumn>秋頌Theme:ThethemeofJohnKeats'poem,"ToAutumn",isthatchangeisbothnaturalandbeautiful.Thepoempraisesthegloriesofthefallseasonbyusingalmosteverytypeofimagerytobothcharmandappealtothereader.Comment:Thespeakerinthepoemacknowledgesthattimepassesby,butalsoassertsthatthischangeusuallyyieldssomethingnewandbetterthanwhatcamebefore.Eachofthepoem'sthreestanzasrepresentstheevolvingoftwodifferenttypesofchange.Onetypeofchangeshowninthepoemisthechangeofperiodsinaday.Chapter7CharlesLambTheEssaysofEliaChapter8HazlittandLeighHuntWilliamHazlitt:Essay:myfirstacquaintancewithpoetsLeighHunt:Eaasyist,critic,poetHedevelopedthelightmiscellaneouseaasy.Chapter9DeQuinceyTheconfessionsofanEnglishOpium-EaterChapter10WalterScott沃爾特?斯科特1771~1832 (歷史小說之父”)Fatherofhistorynovels ①<RobRoy>羅伯?羅伊 ②<Ivanhoe>艾凡赫FeaturesofWalterScott'shistoricalnovels:1hehasanoutstandinggiftofvivifyingthepast.Hecombinedhistoricalfactwithromanticimagination2historicaleventsarecloselyinterwovenwiththefatesofindividuals3heisconcernednotonlywiththelivesanddeedsofkings,statementsandotherhitoricalfigures,butisalwaysmindfulofthefateoftheordinarypeople.4heisaromantic.5heisatroyPart6EnglishCriticalRealismChapter1theriseofEnglishCriticalRealisminEngland1socialbackgroundFromthethirtiesof19thcentury,thefundamentalcontradictionisthestrugglebetweentheworkersandcapitalist.Strengthenthepolicyofcolonialexpansion.1837,theworkersformulatedtheirpoliticaldemandsinThePeople'sChapter.2ChartistMovementandChartistLiteratureDuringtheChartistMovementnumerousChartistorganizationpublishednewspaperandmagazineswhich,besidesarticlesonpoliticalandeconomicalissues,containedpoems,shortstoriesandessaysonliterature.TheChartistwritersintroducedanewthemeintoliterature--thestruggleoftheproletariatforitsrights.ErnestJonesLongpoem:ThegreatestoftheChartistpoets.TheRevoltofHindostan,ortheNewWorldHefollowedthetraditionoftherevolutionaryromanticismofByronandShelley.Lycics:thesongoftheLowerClassesThesongoftheWage-SlaveThomasCooperThelastofthechartistsWilliamJamesLintonAwell-known“agitator”Lyric:BladeTimeWillCome3EnglishCriticalRealismThecriticalrealistsdescribedwithmuchvividnessandgreatartisticskillthechieftraitsoftheEnglishsocietyandcritizedthecapitalistsystemfromademocraticviewpoint.Theenglishcriticalrealistsnotonlygaveasatiricalportrayalofthebourgeoisieandalltherulingclasses,butalsoshowedprofoundsympathyforthecommonpeople.Theyuseahumourandsatire.Theywereunabletofindagoodsolutiontothesocialcontradictions.Theirworksisnotofrevolutionbutratherofreformism.Chapter2

CharlesDickens查爾斯?狄更斯1812~1870 （批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義小說家）criticalrealistwriter ①<ThePosthumousPapersofthePickwickClub>匹克威克外傳 ②<OliverTwist>奧利弗?特維斯特（霧都孤兒） ③<TheOldCuriosityShop>老古玩店 ④

<AChristmasCarol>圣誕頌歌 ⑤<DombeyandSon>董貝父子 ⑥

<DavidCopperfield>大衛(wèi)?科波菲爾 ⑦<BleakHouse>荒涼山莊 <HardTimes>艱難時(shí)世 ⑧<ATaleofTwoCities>雙城記(London&Paris) ⑨<GreatExpectations>遠(yuǎn)大前程 ⑩<OurMutualFriend>我們共同的朋友

Chapter3WilliamMakepeaceThackeray威廉?麥克匹斯?薩克雷1811~1863 ①<VanityFair>oraNovelwithoutaHero名利場(thenameisanexcerptfrom<