64/642012高考英語串講第1講一、LanguagePoints1.sharev.分享、合用：sharesthwithsbn.一份，股份sparea.業(yè)余的，備用的：sparetime,asparetirev.抽出，勻給：sparemefiveminutes/spareoneofsandwichesfortheboysparenoefforts：不遺余力sparenoexpense：不惜工本savev.節(jié)省，救出2.Hefeltluckytohavesurvivedthewar.3.withsbabout/oversth：和某人就某事爭論arguefor/againststh：贊成/反對(duì)…Sbinto/outof(doing)sth：說服某人做/不做某事4.have/make/let/see/watch/listento+賓+賓補(bǔ)(do/doing/done)getsbtodosthBemade+todo/tobedone5.So+同一主語+助動(dòng)詞So/neither/nor+助動(dòng)詞+另一主語Soitis/waswith+另一主語6.should/oughtto/need/could/might/would+do/havedone7.except/but/exceptfor/exceptthat/exceptwh-clausebesides/inadditionapartfrombutfor=without8.Thefirsttime+從句Forthefirsttime：作時(shí)間狀語It’sthefirsttime+that-clause(完成時(shí))thefirst+名詞+todo9.mostmostofthe+n.(pl)/pron.themajorityof(the)mostly:主要地（狀）10.beequaltosth：與…相等beequalto(doing)sth：勝任(做)某事equalsth：與…相等equalsbinsth：在…方面與某人匹敵11.compare…to/with…comparedto/with…12.agreatmanyseveral/twodozen/hundred+n.(pl.)(many)dozensofagreatmanyof+the/these/those+n.(pl.)several/twodozenof+pron.13.muchtoo+adj/adv(原級(jí))toomuch+n.(u.)toomany+n.(pl.)14.沒有被動(dòng)態(tài)comeabout(主要用于疑問句、否定句)happen(表示偶然、碰巧之意)sth+takeplace(多表示有組織、有計(jì)劃)breakout(指戰(zhàn)爭、災(zāi)害、疾病等的爆發(fā))occur(與happen通用)Itoccurstosbthat：某人突然想起…=Itstrikes/hits(struck/hit)sb.that…15.n./pron./adj./adv./prep-phrasetodo：表將來With+賓+賓補(bǔ)doing：表正在進(jìn)行done：表過去、被動(dòng)第2講一、Languagepoints1.sb./sth.+adj/nsb./sth.+todoconsider(以為，認(rèn)為)＋sb./sth.+asthat-clausen.consider(考慮)＋doing疑問詞+todosth“把…當(dāng)作…”的譯法：consider…as=thinkof/lookon/take/regard/treat/have…as2.todoAway+ofdoing(that/inwhich)+定語從句AmethodofdoingsthbythismeansYoucansolvetheproblem+withthismethodinthiswaybymeansof:通過…方式，以…手段bythis/thatmeans:通過這種/那種方式byallmeans:務(wù)必，一定；（用于回答）當(dāng)然行，請(qǐng)bynomeans:決不，一點(diǎn)也不（用于句首時(shí)用倒裝）3.protect…(from)doingsthprevent/stop…(from)doingsthkeep…fromdoingkeep…doingunderthepotectionof…4.aswellaswellasmight/mayaswell=hadbetter6.alongtheriver:沿著河流overtheriver:在河的正上方throughtheforest:穿過森林bytheriver:在河邊onthebank:在河岸上7.followtheinstructionsfollowone’sadviceasfollows8.beresponsibletosb為...負(fù)責(zé)beresponsiblefor為...負(fù)責(zé);是造成...的原因holdsb.responsiblefor使某人負(fù)...的責(zé)任makeoneselfresponsiblefor負(fù)起...的責(zé)任9.n.doing/todosthsbtodosthprefer+sthtosthdoingAtodoingBtodoAratherthandosththatsb(should)dosth10.n.+after+n.=one+n.+afteranother一個(gè)接一個(gè)（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的重復(fù)）n.+by+n.:一個(gè)接一個(gè)（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的變化）treeaftertree/daybyday11.say“hi”tosb.Pleaseremembermetosb.向“某人”問好Sendmyregardstosb.Sendthebestwishestosb.12.主+be+adj.+todo:不定式一般用主動(dòng)式，與主語存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以當(dāng)不定式的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，則應(yīng)在其后加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。主+be+adj.+todo=Itbe+adj.+(for/ofsb)+todostheg.Thisquestionisdifficulttoanswer.=It’sdifficulttoanswerthequestion.Themanishardtoworkwith.=It’shardtoworkwiththeman.當(dāng)不定式用作定語時(shí)，與其所修飾的詞之間存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且主語為該動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，也常常用主動(dòng)形式。Eg.Hewantswatertodrink.Shehasaroomtolivein.IwillgotoBeijingtomorrow.Doyouhaveanythingtobetakenthere?第3講一、Languagepoints1.owesbsth=owesthtosb:欠某人某物owesthtosb/sth:將…歸功于…owingto…:由于…＝thanksto/becauseof/dueto…2.thinkhighly/poorly/little/alot+ofsb/sthspeakhighly/well/badly+ofsb/sthsinghighpraiseforsb/sth3.apologizetosbfor(doing)sthmakeanapologytosbfor(doing)sthexcusesbfor(doing)sthforgivesbfor(doing)sthpardonsbfor(doing)sth4.makeanimpressiononsb給某人留下印象;給人...以影響haveanimpressionofsthimpresssthon/uponone’smindmakenoimpressionon對(duì)無影響[效果Ihadthedistinctimpression（想法,看法,感覺）thatIwasbeingfollowed.我清楚地感覺到有人跟蹤我。serveinthearmyontheofficeservethepeople/thedishservesbwithsth=servesthtosbserveasthechairmanmakejokesabout:取笑，拿…開玩笑＝makeajokeaboutlaughat:嘲笑haveajokewithsb:開某人的玩笑playajokeonsb=playtricksonsb:戲弄injoke:鬧著玩，開玩笑7.todoforsthIt’stime+forsbtodosthThat-clause（一般過去時(shí)）8.theone/ones:替代同類事物中特指一個(gè)或一些one:替代上文提到的同類名詞中的一個(gè)，表泛指it:指上文提到的同一個(gè)事物that:替代上文出現(xiàn)的帶定冠詞的名詞或不可數(shù)名詞9.none:用來回答howmany/howmuch引導(dǎo)的問句，常與of連用noone:只能指人，用來回答who引導(dǎo)的問句neither:兩者都不，表單數(shù)nothing:用于指物，用來回答what引導(dǎo)的問句10.cloth布(u.):apieceofcloth表示某種特殊用途的布?jí)K（桌布）：Wipeupthewaterwithacloth.clothes:衣服，服裝。是一個(gè)沒有單數(shù)形式的復(fù)數(shù)名詞：Asuitofclothes注：不能直接用數(shù)詞修飾，但可用many,few,his,my,thse之類的詞修飾，作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。clothing:服裝，衣著。是一個(gè)無復(fù)數(shù)形式的物質(zhì)名詞，除衣服外，還包括幌子，手套，鞋襪之類的東西，作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Apieceofclothing,anartcleofclothingdress:指穿在外面的衣服，尤指在社交場(chǎng)合穿的禮服及婦女的連衣裙。suit:成套的衣服。11.live:活著，有生命的(作定語，主要用來指鳥或其他動(dòng)物)，實(shí)況直播的lively:活潑的，有生氣的，生動(dòng)的alive:活著的，還有氣兒的，是表語形容詞，在句中作表語或后置定語living:活著，健在的，現(xiàn)行的12.receive:收到，接到(客觀動(dòng)作)；accept:接受，領(lǐng)受(主觀意愿)接受教育、懲罰、支持，遭受不幸，接待客人：只用receive接受某條件、建議：只用acceptturn+adj:常表示從某種狀態(tài)向其他狀態(tài)變化的自然現(xiàn)象Theweatherhasturnedmuchcolder.go+adj:常表示由好變壞的情況：Themilkwentwrong/bad.become+adj:強(qiáng)調(diào)施動(dòng)者的作用或變化的結(jié)果Pleasedon’e+adj:一般表示向好的方面變化。Mydreamhascometrue.14.含有插入語的疑問句：Whatdoyouthinkhashappenedtohim?Howdoyousupposethefilmwillend?Whydoyoubelieveheisunfitfortheoffice?第4講一、Languagepoints1.sthsthforsthprepare+forsthtodosthbepreparedforbepreparedtodosthmakepreparationsforTheytiedforfirstplaceinthegame.并列獲得TwoactressestiedfortheBestActressaward.兩名女演員并列獲得最佳女演員獎(jiǎng)。Wetiedwiththevisitingteaminthebasketballmatch.與…得分一樣多Thedogistiedtoatree.（系，綁）3.affectvt.影響effectn.效果，作用haveagood/badeffecton/upon…ineffect事實(shí)上causeandeffect因果takeeffect生效，起作用comeintoeffect生效，實(shí)行effortn.努力withouteffort毫不費(fèi)力makeeveryeffort盡一切努力sparenoeffort不遺余力weighvt.稱…的重量vi.重達(dá)…，重量為…putonweightloseweightbyweightinmeters/pounds/caloriesbytheday/theweek/theyard/thedozen/thetonin…參加…比賽compete+with/against…與…競(jìng)賽/競(jìng)爭for…角逐…，為獲取…而競(jìng)賽Wherethereisariver,thereisacity.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Wherethereislife,thereishope.dosthwouldrathernotdosthdosththandosth=woulddosthratherthandosth=prefertodosthratherthandosththat-sb.did──表現(xiàn)在或?qū)韍addone──表過去dodamagetosthliveone’sdreaminruins/inpiecesunderattack/discussion/construction/consideration/treatmentalmost:差距比nearly小。可與never,no,noone,none,nobody,nothing,nowhere等否定詞連用，但不能與not連用。nearly:不可與上述否定詞連用，但可與not連用，構(gòu)成Not…nearly,意為“遠(yuǎn)非…，遠(yuǎn)不及…”第5講一、Languagepoints1.sth：與…一致/符合sb：同意某人withone’sidea/opinion同意某人的意見whatsbsaid(觀點(diǎn)，所說的話)toone’splan/arrangement/suggestionagree同意某人的計(jì)劃、安排、意見about/on/uponsth同意做某事todosththat-clause2.of/aboutsth提醒remindsbtodosththat-clause使人回憶起…3.add…to…：把…加上(在)…addto=increase：增添，增進(jìn)addup(to)：加(起來是)，總計(jì)達(dá)…4.successn.(U)成功，(C)成功者/事succeedv.successfula.successfullyad.besuccessfulin(doing)sthsucceedindoingsth成功做某事havesuccessindoingsthSb/sthisasuccess.be/stay/keep+intouchwith表狀態(tài)beoutoftouchwithgetintouchwith表動(dòng)作losetouchwith6.incaseof+短語incase+從句innocase決不inanycase無論如何inthatcase如果那樣expensive/cheapvaluable/valuelesspriceless=veryexpensive：無價(jià)的respond(vi)+to…：對(duì)…回應(yīng)with/by：以…(方式)回答，響應(yīng)resonse(n.)beharmfultosb/sthdosb/sthharmdoharmtosb/sthdosb/sthgooddogoodtosb/sthdieout：(家族、物種等)死光，滅絕；(習(xí)俗、做法、觀念)消失，過時(shí)；(火)熄滅dieaway：(風(fēng)、聲音、光線等)逐漸停止(消失)diedown：(指爐火等)漸熄；(指騷動(dòng)等)漸平息；(指鬧聲)消失dieoff：先后死去了；…死去dieof：死于內(nèi)因(如疾病、年老、饑餓、情感等)diefrom：死于外因(如損傷、事故、天災(zāi)等)11.asa/theresultof：由于…asaresult：結(jié)果，因此resultfrom：因…而引起resultin=cause：導(dǎo)致，致使…takemeasurestodosth：采取措施makeclothestoone’sownmeasure：量體裁衣late：晚，遲，不久前l(fā)ately=recently：近來last：最后，最后的latest：最近的，最新的later：后來；結(jié)構(gòu)常為：一段時(shí)間＋later：過了…之后adapttosth/sb：適應(yīng)某物/某人adaptsth/sbtosth/sb：使某物/某人適應(yīng)某物/某人adaptoneselfto：使自己適應(yīng)某事adaptfrom：根據(jù)…改寫/改編adapt：指修改或改變以適應(yīng)新條件Youshouldadaptyourselftthenewenvironment.adjust：是指“調(diào)整、調(diào)節(jié)”使之適應(yīng)Youcan’tseethroughthetelescopeuntilitisadjustedtoyoureyesadoptsb：收養(yǎng)fit：多指“大小適合”，引申為“吻合”Theshoesfittedmewell.suit：多指“合乎要求、口味、性格、情況”等Nodishsuitsalltaste.match：指“大小、色調(diào)、形狀、性質(zhì)等”相配或相稱Aredjacketdoesn’tmatchgreentrousers.sth：采用devoteoneself/time/lifetolookforwardtodoingsthbe/getusedtostickto/getdownto/objecttofreeofchargeforfreebefreefromsetsb/sthfreebyforce：靠武力，強(qiáng)行beinforce：生效come/gointoforce：生效forceone’sway：強(qiáng)行前進(jìn)或進(jìn)入It’sone’sturntodosth：輪到某人干某事takeone’sturn：依次，輪到某人inturn：依次，輪流，反過來，轉(zhuǎn)而byturns：輪流，交替taketurns(at)doingsth/todosth：輪流干某事二、語法專題──介詞的考點(diǎn)1.常用介詞的意義區(qū)別(1)表示時(shí)間at+時(shí)間點(diǎn)：在…時(shí)刻，在…點(diǎn)鐘，在…歲時(shí)on+某天或某天的某個(gè)時(shí)間：在某日、星期幾、某日早中晚等in+時(shí)間段：在…期間，在…以后，在…時(shí)間內(nèi)by+時(shí)間：在…之前，不遲于…，常與完成時(shí)連用(2)表示方位：in/on/to/off(3)表示部位on+thehead/shoulder/back/nose：表示拍打較硬或凸形的部位in+theface/ear/stomach/eye:：表示拍打較軟或凹形的部位by+thearm/hand/nose:表示牽、拉、抓某部位(4)表示之間：between/among(5)表示方式by：乘…(交通工具)，通過…(方法)，常接無冠詞名詞或動(dòng)名詞with：以…工具/手段，用身體某部位，常接帶冠詞的具體某工具in：表示表達(dá)的方法、媒介、工具、材料等through：通過…途徑/方式/方法(6)表示穿越through：表示從物體里面穿過，還可表示沿著街道、河流走across：表示從物體表面經(jīng)過，還可表示橫過街道、河流over：表示從物體上方越過，還可表示挎在肩上2.“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句3.with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)4.含有介詞的固定搭配①有無冠詞，意義不同infrontof/inthefrontofinchargeof/inthechargeofoutofquestion/outofthequestionattable/atthetableonearth/ontheearth②有無介詞，意義不同knowsb.認(rèn)識(shí)某人/knowaboutsb.了解某人shootsb.擊中某人/shootatsb.向某人射擊searchsb.搜身/searchforsb.搜尋某人believesb.相信某人的話/believeinsb.信任某人的人格benefitsb.使某人受益/benefitfromsb.從某人那里得到益處④不要張冠李戴becaughtintherain被雨淋著（不用by）leaveforsomeplace動(dòng)身去某地（不用to）setanexampletosb為某人樹立榜樣（不用for）inthedirection朝著…方向（不用to）doafavorforsb幫某人一個(gè)忙（不用to）differentfrom和…不同（不用with）withthehelpof在…的幫助下（不用under）stealsthfromsb偷某人的東西（不用of）⑤別丟三落四dropinonsb拜訪某人（別丟了on）dropinatsomeplace參觀某地（別丟了at）lookdownupon瞧不起（別丟了upon）thinkof…as認(rèn)為…是（別丟了of）lookon…as認(rèn)為…是（別丟了on）explaintosbsth向某人解釋某事（別丟了to）frombehindthedoor從門后面（別丟了behind）beworthlisteningto值得一聽（別丟了to）第6講一、Languagepointskeeparecordofkeeprecordsofbreak/beattherecordfor/in+比賽項(xiàng)目hold/keeptherecordofset(up)theworldrecordfor/in+比賽項(xiàng)目setupanewworldrecordmakearecord/makerecordsplay/putonarecordtroublesbtodobetroubledwithask/lookfortroublegetintotroublebeintroublegetoutoftroublehavetrouble(in)doingsthhavetroublewithsthmaketrouble：鬧事take(the)troubletodo：盡力/設(shè)法做…putsbtothetroubleofdoing：麻煩某人做…7.turnonturnoffturningive/handoutturnupturndownturnaround/roundturnawayturnoverturnbackturnout(tobe)turntosb/sthonlyif…:只有，只要…h(huán)addone──過去ifonly:要是…該多好＋did/were──現(xiàn)在would/shoulddo將來did/wereatonetime=onceattimes=sometimesatalltimes=alwaysatatime=eachtimeforatime=forsometimeatnotimeatthesametimesupplysthtosb=supplysbwithsthprovidesthforsb=providesbwithsthoffersbsth=offersthtosbhaveahabitofdoingform/developthehabitofbeinthehabitoffacethemusic:臨危不懼playmusic=performmusicmorethan:不僅僅，超過morethanone+n.(單)+V(單)：不止一個(gè)Morethanonestudentlikesthisfilm.morethan+n/adj:遠(yuǎn)非，不僅僅是…Bambooisusedformorethanbuilding.nomorethan:只有，僅僅notmorethan=at(the)most:最多…，不超過…more…than…：與其說…不如說…Themanismorebravethanwise.14.thenexttime時(shí)間名詞短語用作從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，此外，thefirsttime,everytime,eachtime,themoment,theminute,thesecond。二、語法專題──動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語的考點(diǎn)1.動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語的考查重點(diǎn)是放在特定語境中的辨析2.幾組常考的動(dòng)詞短語1.getalong：離開，進(jìn)展，繼續(xù)getacross：越過，使…讓人理解getaway：逃走，逃避，得以離開getback：回來，取回getdown：記下，吞下getoff：下車(飛機(jī))，下班geton：上車getin：上車，收割，到站，插話getup：起床，站起，(風(fēng))變猛烈getthrough：(電話)接通，通過，用完，完成gettogether：聚會(huì)，收集2.takeaway：拿走，帶走，消除(病痛等)，減去takedown：取下，記下，拆掉，吞下，病倒takeout：拔掉，切除，帶(某人)出去，獲得takeoff：脫掉，起飛，成功takeup：占據(jù)(時(shí)間或空間)，以…作為愛好或消遣，從事3.breakaway(from):逃掉，脫離，改掉breakdown：出故障，失敗，中斷breakin：突然進(jìn)來，插嘴breakinto：強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入，插嘴breakout：突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)breakup：解散，結(jié)束，破裂，絕交4.comeabout：發(fā)生comeacross：(偶然)遇見comeon(upon)：偶然碰見，出現(xiàn)comeon：來吧，快點(diǎn)，加油comealong：一道去comein：到來，進(jìn)來，上市comeout：出來，出版，有…結(jié)果comeover：來訪，產(chǎn)生comeround：來訪，到來cometo：來到，合計(jì)，蘇醒，談到5.pickout：挑選，找出pickup：拿起，撿起，收拾，學(xué)會(huì)；(用車)來接，去?。焊倪M(jìn)，改善，重新開始，繼續(xù)，感染(疾病，壞習(xí)慣)6.giveaway：贈(zèng)，送，泄露，出賣giveback：歸還，送回givein：屈服，讓步，投降giveoff：發(fā)出(蒸汽，光等)giveout：分發(fā)，耗盡，筋疲力盡，發(fā)出(氣味，熱等)giveup：放棄7.cutdown：砍倒，削減，壓縮cutin：插入，插話，插隊(duì)cutoff：切斷，隔斷，斷絕cutout：剪成，戒掉8.make…into(outof)…：使…成為(變成)…make…of(from)…：由…制成…(多用被動(dòng)式)makefor：往…去，有助于makeit：及時(shí)趕到，成功，做成makeout：理解，看清，填寫，假裝makeup：構(gòu)成，編寫，編造，和解，彌補(bǔ)，湊足，準(zhǔn)備好9.lookabout/around：環(huán)顧四周，四處看lookafter：照顧，照料lookat：看，注視lookdownon/upon：看不起lookfor：尋找lookforwardto：期盼(to為介詞)lookinto：調(diào)查looklike：看起來像，似乎要lookout：向外看，當(dāng)心，找出lookover：審閱，翻閱，檢查lookthrough：翻看，瀏覽lookto：注意，負(fù)責(zé)lookup：查閱，看望lookupto：尊敬11.bringabout：引起，導(dǎo)致bingback：送還，帶回，使想起bringdown：降低（溫度，價(jià)格）bringon：帶來，引起bringout：取出，顯示出，襯托出，出版，推出（作品）bringthrough：使渡過（困難，危機(jī)）bringup：提出，培養(yǎng)，嘔吐12.callat：訪問（某地）callaway：叫走，轉(zhuǎn)移（注意力）callback：喚回，回電話callfor：去取（某物），去接（某人），要求，號(hào)召callin：叫來，召集calloff：叫走，轉(zhuǎn)移開，取消callon：造訪（某人）call(up)onsbtodosth：叫（請(qǐng)）某人做某事，號(hào)召某人做某事callout：大聲叫（喊）callup：（給…）打電話14.goback：回去，回顧，回溯goby：（從…）旁邊經(jīng)過，（時(shí)間、機(jī)會(huì)）過去，以…為依據(jù)godown：下落，下降，減弱goinfor：參加（考試，比賽），從事（職業(yè)），愛好gointo：到達(dá)，進(jìn)入，從事，調(diào)查goout：出去，出國，熄滅goover：復(fù)習(xí)，演習(xí)，檢查gothrough：通過，檢查，審查，查找，經(jīng)歷，做完，用完goup：上升，上漲15.holdback：阻止，忍住holdout：支持，堅(jiān)持holdto：抓緊，堅(jiān)持holdup：豎起，阻礙，延誤catch/get/seize/takeholdof：抓住keepholdof：抓住，握住16.putaway：收拾，放棄，打消，存蓄putdown：放下，寫下，使下車，鎮(zhèn)壓putoff：推遲，推脫，使不高興puton：穿，戴，上演，裝（樣子），開（電、燈），增加putout：撲滅，生產(chǎn)，發(fā)表，使不高興putup：舉起，撐起，架起，張貼17.setabout：開始或著做某事（+n./doing）setout：動(dòng)身，開始，想要（+todo）setup：建立，創(chuàng)立，樹立第7講一、Languagepoints1.choose：選中，選出（結(jié)果）choosefrom：從…中挑選pick：挑選（小東西）select：選擇（過程）elect：選舉vote：投票4.celebrate+sthincelebrationof/forthecelebrationof：為了慶祝…congratulate+sb+on+sth5.giveaway：離開，贈(zèng)送keepaway(from)：使離開breakaway(from)：脫離putaway：存儲(chǔ)doawaywith：處理掉turnaway：解雇throwaway：扔掉6.honourvt.：尊敬，以…為榮n.：尊敬，(pl)光榮，榮譽(yù)inhonorof：為了紀(jì)念…，尊敬asenseofhonour：廉恥心showhonortosb：尊敬某人7.pain(n.)：指一般的疼痛；pains：還有“麻煩，努力”之意ache(v.)：指局部較持久的疼痛，是陷痛；(n.)常見在復(fù)合詞中：headache,stomachacehurtvt：傷害vi：常指精神、感情傷害；也指肉體傷害。8.abit/alittle：一點(diǎn)兒，在肯定句中修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞及其比較級(jí)notabit=notatallnotalittle=verymuchabitof+n.(u)alittle9.ina/oneword：簡言之，總之inotherwords：換句話說inwords：用語言，口頭上word(u)：消息，諾言10.suchas：用于列舉事物，且只列舉部分forexample/instance：用來舉例說明，不表列舉或等同namely=thatis(tosay)：即（列舉全部）11.develophealthyhabits：養(yǎng)成健康的習(xí)慣developaninterestinsth：培養(yǎng)…的興趣develop…into…：把…發(fā)展成為…developfrom…：從…進(jìn)化/發(fā)展起來developnaturalresources：開發(fā)自然資源developfilms：沖洗膠卷第8講一、Languagepoints1.recognizesbas：認(rèn)出某人是…berecognizedas：某人被認(rèn)作…recognizesbtodosth：承認(rèn)某人做某事recognizethat-clauserecognition(n.)2.dress：既表動(dòng)作，也表狀態(tài)＋dresssbbedressedinhaveon：表狀態(tài)，不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)wear：表狀態(tài)＋（衣服、鞋帽、領(lǐng)帶、圍巾、首飾、眼鏡）表示某一時(shí)間的穿戴，常用進(jìn)行時(shí)puton：表動(dòng)作3.provesthsthtosbsthtobeas(tobe)that-clause4.beyondcontrol：無法控制incontrol：控制著undercontrol：控制中outofcontrol=losecontrolof：失控5.tearsthto/intopiecessthinhalf/intohalvessthopensthdownatsth：撕扯著…（表過程）sth：撕碎/撕破（表結(jié)果）up：毀掉off：脫去、跑掉awayfrom…：從…奪走6.attendschool/churchattendthemeeting/lecturejoinparty/league/club/sbjoinintheparty/activity7.callonsb=dropinonsbcallataplace=dropinataplacevisit+sb/aplacepayavisittoaplace8.be(well)worth+n./doingsthbeworthy+of+n.of+beingdonetobedone9.payforsthpaysbforsthpaysbmoneyforsth=paymoneytosbforsthpayoff：全部還清payback：償還，歸還；報(bào)復(fù)10.make/carryout/perform/doexperimentbyexperimentexperimenton/upon…：對(duì)…進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)二、語法專題──非謂語動(dòng)詞的考點(diǎn)只能接-ing分詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞建議冒險(xiǎn)去獻(xiàn)身，忍受期待不停頓；放棄延期悔失去，堅(jiān)持欣賞實(shí)踐成；注意原諒避反對(duì)，考慮要求不自禁；允許習(xí)慣不介意，價(jià)值開始想動(dòng)名。它們所對(duì)應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞或詞組分別是：giveup,delay,putoff,regret,miss;keep(on)/insiston/stickto,enjoy/appreciate,feellike,practice,finish;payattentionto,excuse,escape,avoid,objectto;consider,require,cannothelp,forbid;permit,be/getusedto,mind;beworth,setabout,imagine.第9講一、Languagepoints1.when既可指時(shí)間的某一點(diǎn)，從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞可以是非延續(xù)性的，又可指一段時(shí)間（從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞），從句的動(dòng)作與主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。意為“這時(shí)”，常用結(jié)構(gòu)：beaboutto…when…as:強(qiáng)調(diào)從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，而不是一前一后。while:表示兩者情況對(duì)比。2.beof＋抽象名詞＝be+adj.beof(great)+use/help/value/importance=be(very)+useful/helpful/valuable/important3.journey：適用范圍廣，可指陸?？盏穆眯?，常指距離較遠(yuǎn)的旅行。trip：指短時(shí)間，短距離的旅行。travel：泛指旅游，前面一般不用冠詞。travels：多指旅行經(jīng)歷journey和trip強(qiáng)調(diào)往返性，travel不側(cè)重往返性，可以是章程旅行。Voyage：海上旅行或航海。4.hope：指與過去、現(xiàn)在或?qū)碛嘘P(guān)的希望，不能接名詞，雙賓語或復(fù)合賓語。wish：多指美好的祝愿，或表達(dá)的是過去，現(xiàn)在或?qū)戆l(fā)生的令人遺憾的事，接從句時(shí)使用虛擬語氣。hopefor：希望、期待、對(duì)（某物）有信心Wehopeyou’llbeveryhappy.IwishIhadgonetothatparty.Wehaven’theardfromhimforalongtime,butwearestillhopingforaletter.5.n.諾言，有指望，有前途，可能性Thereisapromiseofbetterweathertomorrow.keepapromise→breakapromisepromisecarryoutapromise：履行諾言fulfillapromise：實(shí)現(xiàn)諾言v.許諾，答應(yīng)，有…跡象，使…很有可能Ican’tpromise,butI’lldomybest.Tmisingadj.有前途的，有希望的6.putup：搭起，建筑setup：建立，成立build：建造buildup：建立found：創(chuàng)立，創(chuàng)辦7.around/roundthecorner：在拐角處，即將到來inthecorner：在角落里onthecorner：在拐角上atthecorner：在拐角處（比on的范圍大）8.sb/sthpraisesbfor(doing)sth：因…贊揚(yáng)…sbas…：稱贊…是…singhighpraisefor：稱贊…inpraiseof：贊美9.population：對(duì)此進(jìn)行提問時(shí)，要使用what，人口的“多，少”使用large,small；表示“有多少人”時(shí)用“hasapopulationof…”。population：用作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由其后面的表語來決定。What’sthepopulationofChina?Chinahasapopulationof1.3billion.ThepopulationofNewZealandissmall.Tetotermswith：達(dá)成協(xié)議，妥協(xié)takepossessionsof：獲得，占有in/withrelationto：與…有關(guān)聯(lián)，關(guān)于inmemoryofsb：為了紀(jì)念某人match…with…：把…和…搭配起來第10講一、Languagepoints1.inotherwords=inanotherword：換句話說inaword=inoneword：總而言之haveawordwith=haveafewwordswith：和…說幾句話havewordswith：與…爭論2.cannever…too…cannot…too…無論怎樣…也不過分，越…越好3.as+adj/adv(原級(jí))+aspossible=as…asonecan:盡可能…4.appreciate+n/doingappreciate+it+that-clause(真賓)5.todo/doingintend+sbtodothat-clause(虛擬語氣)intend…+as…:打算(使)…成為…beintendedfor…：(為…而)準(zhǔn)備6.marrysbtosbbe/getmarriedtosbmarrysbbe/getmarriedtosbwithsth7.部分否定句：all,both,every,everyone,everything等總概括詞與否定詞not連用時(shí)，表示部分否定，意思是“并非…都…”。8.makeup：化妝，編造，組成(部分組成整體)，占…(比例)bemadeupof：一個(gè)整體是由幾個(gè)部分組成=becomposedof=consistofmakeupfor：彌補(bǔ)9.in(outof)condition/ingood(bad)condition：情況良好(糟糕)On/uponconditionthat(引導(dǎo)條件狀從)：如果…，在…條件下10.vi.:受苦，受害，受損失Hesufferedalotduringthewar.sufferYourreputationwillsuffer.vt.：遭受，容忍，耐住Heissufferingthelossofhiswife.Theseplantscannotsufferacoldwinter.sufferfrom:患…病，受…之苦LastweekIsufferedfromabadcold.Hishometownsufferedfromheavyfloodsin1998.第11講一、Languagepoints1.leanagainst/on/upon+n.n.+against/on/upon+n.back后仰forward俯身向前totheleft向左側(cè)身to/toward…：傾向…，向…傾斜2.match+n.+to/with+n.：使…（和…）調(diào)和，相配match+n.+against/with+n.：使…（和…）交手，使…比賽3.besureof/about+n./pron.：對(duì)…有把握，確信…that-clause：確信wh-clause：能確定…，知道…sbbesuretodo：一定會(huì)…的，必定…sbbecertaintodoItiscertainthat-clausethat-clausemakesure+ofsth/doingsth：確信，對(duì)…有把握todosth：一定要做…4.expect+sb/sth：期待，預(yù)料todosth：期望做某事n+todo：期望…做…tobedone：期待…被…that-clause…+than/as+clause(itis)expectedYouarrivedearlierthanIhadexpected.expected.5.appear:不能接asif,強(qiáng)調(diào)外表給人某種印象，有時(shí)含有實(shí)際并非如此。看起來seem：可跟asif,暗示判斷有一定的根據(jù)，這種判斷往往接近事實(shí)。look：可接like/asif，強(qiáng)調(diào)視覺印象，后面跟形容詞6.engagesbtosb：使某人與某人訂婚getengagedtosb：與某人訂婚(動(dòng)作)beengagedtosb：與某人訂婚(狀態(tài))beengagedin(doing)sth：忙于/從事某事7.Itisnogood/use+doingsthThereis/seemsnopointindoingsthThereisnoneedtodosth8.useup=runoutof用完giveout=runout耗盡9.ratherthan：而不是otherthan=exceptorrather：更確切地說10.getthrough：做完，辦完，看完；通過；接通；度過；用完gothrough：經(jīng)歷(痛苦、困難)，翻閱，參觀，查看lookthrough：瀏覽seethrough：看穿，看透breakthrough：突圍putthrough：把電話接通，使成交，完成pullthrough：(使)恢復(fù)健康，(使)度過難關(guān)11.bepresentat…：出席presentadj.：做后置定語：Allthepeoplepresentarestudents.presentsthtosb向某人頒發(fā)…，把…贈(zèng)送給…presentsbwithsthforthepresent：暫時(shí)uptothepresent：直到現(xiàn)在atpresent：目前presentn.：禮物12.beknownas/for/to/inunderdebatewouldliketodofeellikedoing13.adaptto：適合torelateto：與…有關(guān)為getdownto：開始做，著手介stickto：堅(jiān)持詞payattentionto：注意lookforwardto：期望addictoneselfto：使自己沉溺于…beaddictedto：沉溺于…devote…to…：致力于第12講一、Languagepoints1.beconvenienttodobeconvenienttosb2.toone’staste：合某人的口味showgoodtastein：對(duì)…有鑒賞力havea/an…taste：有…的味道tastegood：吃起來很好haveatastefor/in：喜好…3.robsb/placeofsthstealsthfromsbstealsbsth4.contribute…to…:向…捐獻(xiàn)(投稿)contributeto…：促成，有助于makeacontributionto/towards：向…捐獻(xiàn)5.asfollows：如下followtheexampleof：以…為榜樣6.remindsbofsth=remindsbaboutsthremindsbthat-clauseremindsbtodosth7.AistoBwhatCistoDstandoutstartwithsetaside：把…置于一旁，留出，拔出begone/missing/lost/left8.impress…on…:把…印在…上impresssb(withsth)：使某人牢記(某事)impresssthonsb：使某人銘記某事beimpressedby/at/with：被…所感動(dòng)beimpressedonone’smind/memory：被印在腦海里9.recommand+sb/sthtosb：向某人推薦某人或某物sbforsth：推薦某人做(某工作)sthfor…：推薦某物作(某用途)sbas…：推薦某人為…doingsth：sbtodosth建議做某事that-clause(should)10.remain+adj./n./doing/todo/介詞短語：仍然是，保持某種狀態(tài)Itremainstobeseen…：…還要看情況發(fā)展remaining：現(xiàn)在分詞作前置定語：theremainingthreedollars=thethreedollarsleftstay+adj.：繼續(xù)處于某種狀態(tài)keep+adj.繼續(xù)處于某種狀態(tài)n.+adj/doing11.leadto…：導(dǎo)致lead…to…：把…帶向…12.differfrom/withsbon/about/uponsth：跟某人在…上意見不同makeadifference：起作用，發(fā)生影響makesome/nodifference：有（沒有）關(guān)系或影響第13講一、Languagepoints1.lack+wisdom/moneyv.belackingin+couragelackfornothingforlackof：因缺乏…h(huán)avenolackof：不缺乏…a/thelackof：…的缺乏2.persuadesbtodo=persuadesbintodoingsthpersuadesbnottodo=persuadesboutofdoingsbtodo=urgesbintodoing：強(qiáng)烈要求某人干某事urgesthonsb：對(duì)某人強(qiáng)調(diào)某事that-clause+(should)do：強(qiáng)烈要求…3.onthecontrarybecontraryto…ontheotherhand4.incase+從句incaseof+短語inthis/thatcaseinanycase5.becontentwith：對(duì)…感到滿足=besatisfied/pleasedwithbecontenttodo…：滿足于做…content(n.)：內(nèi)容，目錄6.at(the)sightof：一看見atfirstsight：乍一見catch/get/have(a)sightof：看見，發(fā)現(xiàn)losesightof：看不見outofsight：在視線之外in/withinsight：在視線內(nèi)7.livethrough：活過，經(jīng)歷…而未死livewith：與…同住，接受并忍受某事liveon：以…為生liveby+doing：以…為生8.knockabout：到處漫游，(風(fēng)浪)沖擊(船只)knockintosb：撞上(某人)knockdown：撞倒knockover：撞翻knock…off…：把…從…上撞下來9.what’sup?=wha’sthematter?=what’swrong?=what’shappening?10.witnessn.：目擊者，證人，證據(jù)vt.：目擊，證明，為…作證tipn.：小費(fèi)，尖，尖端vt.：使傾斜，傾倒，給…小費(fèi)11.athand：在近處，在手邊，即將到來near/closeathand：近在手邊onhand：手頭上inhand：在手中，在掌握中byhand：用手工atsecondhand：間接地，二手地handinhand：手拉手，關(guān)系密切地12.inharmonywith：與…協(xié)調(diào)/和諧leaveout：省去，遺漏leave…alone：不理會(huì)…bewornout：筋疲力盡第14講一、Languagepoints1.reach＋地點(diǎn)/數(shù)字達(dá)到get是普通用語獲得achieve＋目標(biāo)/希望/成功win贏得＋比賽/榮譽(yù)gain獲得(某種利益)＋金錢/經(jīng)驗(yàn)2.putin：打斷，插嘴，插入putaway：放好，收起來，留存puton：穿，上演putoff：推遲，延期putout：生產(chǎn)，撲滅putup：舉起，張貼putaside：擱置一旁，儲(chǔ)存putdown：寫下，記下putback：放回，送回putforward：提出主意、計(jì)劃3.hesitatein(doing)sth：在…方面猶豫，不靈敏hesitateaboutdoingsth：關(guān)于…猶豫不決hesitatewhattodo：猶豫著不知做什么hesitatetodosth：不愿(欲)做某事4.alead-oncollision：正面沖突(相撞)comeintocollisionwith：和…沖突incollision：相撞，在沖突中inthecollisionwith：在…的碰撞中collisionbetweenAandB：A與B相撞5.setabout+doingsetouttodosthsetout=setoff6.benefitsb/sth：使…受益sbbenefitfrom/by：從…中獲益7.alltheway：一路上，一直，始終onthe/one’sway(to)：在…的路上intheway：擋道8.Itislikelythat-clauseItispossible/probablethat-clausesb/sthbelikelytodoItispossibleforsbtodosthsthisprobable9.robwarncure+sbofsthcheatinform10.throwlightupon/on：闡明…beabsorbedin：全神貫注于…，熱衷于…beavailableforsth/todosth：對(duì)…有效的/可利用的besensitivetosth：對(duì)…敏感rangfrom…to…：范圍從…到…第15講一、Lplaintosbabout/ofsthtakeacomplainttosbabout/ofsth2.apologizetosbfor(doing)sthmakeanapologytosb=saysorrytosb3.ondoingsthinsist+堅(jiān)持…，堅(jiān)決要求＋that+(should)do認(rèn)為，堅(jiān)持說＋that+陳述語氣4.Itisnoharm/good/use+doingItisuseless+doingItisawaste(oftime/money)+doingItisworthwhile+doingThereisnogood/use+in+doingThereisnousetodosth/forsthThereisnoneedtodosthThereisnodoubtabout/that-clauseThereisnosense+in+doingThereisnopoint+in+doing5.be/getusedto+doing=beomeusedto+doing：習(xí)慣于…usedtodosth：過去習(xí)慣于…beusedtodosth：被用來做…6.forsale：待售onsale：上市，減價(jià)7.Howareyougettingon/alongwith…?：詢問與人相處的情況如或某人工作或?qū)W習(xí)的進(jìn)展情況如何。Whatdoes…looklike?：詢問某人(物)外表看起來如何，側(cè)重人或事物的外表。Whatis…like?：詢問人或物內(nèi)在的品質(zhì)、個(gè)性或外表，以及用來詢問天氣。Whatdoessblike?：詢問某人喜歡什么？Howdoyoulike…?=Whatdoyouthinkof…?：某人認(rèn)為…怎么樣Whatareyou?：詢問某人職業(yè)？8.exchangesthforsthexchangesthwithsbinexchangefor：作為交換（和…交換）9.view：眼界，視野，另外還可表示“觀點(diǎn)，風(fēng)景”等。image：指想像或心中的“影像，意象”，還