OUTOFTHEDARKNESSNCE–2Lesson331.Haveyoueverexperiencedanythingdangerous?2.Whatdidyoudotopullyourselfthrough?3.Howdidyoufeelafterwards?Whatcanyouseebythesea?shorerockclifflighthousestormdarkness1.Haveyoueverbeenouttoseainasmallboat?2.Ifyousufferastorm,whatwillyoudo?darknessn.黑暗explainv.解釋，說明coastn.海岸stormn.暴風(fēng)雨towardsprep.朝，向，接近rockn.巖石shoren.海岸lightn.燈光aheadadv.在前面cliffn.峭壁strugglev.掙扎hospitaln.醫(yī)院

darknessn.黑暗-ness名詞后綴careless+ness=carelessnesssad+ness=sadnessin(complete)

darkness

處于（完全）黑暗中outofdarkness

沖出黑暗darkroom暗室explain

v.解釋，敘述explainsb.sth.=explainsth.tosb.

e.g.

很難跟你解釋這個(gè)問題。Itwasdifficulttoexplaintheproblemtoyou.explain+that從句e.g.

Iexplainedthatanambulancewouldbecomingsoon.explanationn.解釋，說明，闡述coastn.海岸(地理意義上的海岸，海岸線等，感覺旁邊是巖石，很陡峭）seashoren.海岸（跟游玩有關(guān)的，沙灘旁邊的）=shoreseasiden.海邊

beachn.沙灘bankn.河岸，壩，堤stormn.暴風(fēng)雨snowstormn.暴風(fēng)雪thunderstormn.雷暴，雷雨rainheavily表示雨下得很大pourv.灌注,傾瀉,涌入,流,傾盆大雨e.g.

Therainispouring.傾盆大雨

It’srainingcatsanddogs.滂沱大雨towardsprep.1.向,朝;面對（強(qiáng)調(diào)越來越近）e.g.

我看到她朝銀行走去。

Isawherwalkingtowardsthebank.2.將近;大約e.g.Sheistowardssixty.rock

n.巖石,礁石asfirmasarock堅(jiān)如磐石light1.n.燈光，光線turnon/offthelight2.v.點(diǎn)燃（lit,lit）e.g.

Myfatherislightingthecandle.3.adj.輕的（lighter，lightest）4.adj.(顏色)淺的ahead

adv.

在前面

a開頭的詞（asleep,awake…)往往是表語形容詞，作用相當(dāng)于副詞，放在所修飾的名詞的后面（一般的形容詞放在所修飾的名詞的前面）。ahead的用法:1.作后置定語

lightahead2.aheadof…在…前面(時(shí)間，空間）e.g.Jackisrunningaheadofotherathletes.BeijingistenhoursaheadofParis.3.Goahead.朝前走；請隨便!(回答請求時(shí)用)e.g.

---Wouldyoumindmyusingyourphone?---Goahead.cliffn.峭壁thecliffedge

theclifftopcliffhangerclifftop懸崖頂端懸念峭壁頂部

懸崖邊緣strugglev.掙扎struggleforsth.

奮斗，努力，爭取Hestruggledforthefirstprize.strugglewithsb.

搏斗，掙扎脫身Hestruggledwithabadman.hospitaln.醫(yī)院inhospital住院inthehospital在醫(yī)院里L(fēng)istentothetapeandanswerthequestions:Wheredidthegirlsetoutfromoneafternoon?Shewascaughtinastorm,wasn’tshe?Whendidherboatstrike?Whichwaydidsheswim?Howfardidsheswim?Whendidsheseealightaheadofher?Howdidsheknowshewasneartheshore?Nearlyaweekpassedbeforethegirlwasabletoexplainwhathadhappenedtoher.Oneafternoonshesetoutfromthecoastinasmallboatandwascaughtinastorm.Towardsevening,theboatstruckarockandthegirljumpedintothesea.Thensheswamtotheshoreafterspendingthewholenightinthewater.Duringthattimeshecoveredadistanceofeightmiles.Earlynextmorning,shesawalightahead.Sheknewshewasneartheshorebecausethelightwashighuponthecliffs.Onarrivingattheshore,thegirlstruggleduptheclifftowardsthelightshehadseen.Thatwasallsheremembered.Whenshewokeupadaylater,shefoundherselfinhospital.Nearlyaweekpassed(beforethegirlwasabletoexplain<whathadhappenedtoher.>)1.這句話有兩個(gè)從句。before一直到結(jié)尾是句子的時(shí)間狀語從句。在這個(gè)從句中，explain又有自己的賓語從句，what為賓語從句的主語。2.pass與past（SP1)(1)

pass-passed-passedv.e.g.Hepassedmyhousethismorning.(2)

past不是動(dòng)詞，它可以用作介詞、形容詞、副詞和名詞：e.g.他路過了我的家門。

Hewalkedpastmyhouse.(介詞)

他對我講了他過去的經(jīng)歷。

Hetoldmeabouthispastexperience.(形容詞)

他好象活在過去。

Heseemstoliveinthepast.(名詞)3.beabletoandcane.g.

Hecouldwalkfortymilesadayinthepast.(具備這種能力，但不一定實(shí)際去做。)Hewasabletowalkfortymilesadaylastyear.

（不僅具有這種能力，而且能夠成功。）can和be

able

to區(qū)別詞義：can表示①能，會(huì)；②表示許可，允許或者可能be

able

to只能表示能，會(huì)用法：can：一般只有現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去時(shí)（could）兩種形式be

able

to可以用于其他時(shí)態(tài)can表示“人”或“物”的“能”，“會(huì)”be

able

to：多表示“人”有能力或技巧做某事，一般不用于“物”語態(tài)can可以用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)be

able

to不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)注：can和be

able

to不能重復(fù)使用Oneafternoonshesetoutfromthecoastinasmallboatandwascaughtinastorm.Towardsevening,theboatstruckarockandthegirljumpedintothesea.

1.setout表示“出發(fā)”=setoff=startout=startoffe.g.CaptainAlisonwillsetoutateighto'clock.setoutfrom表示“從……出發(fā)”。2.becaughtin表示某人“（突然）遇到/上（風(fēng)暴等）”：e.g.

Hewascaughtinaheavyrainonthewayhome.遇上人用meet,遇上災(zāi)難用becaughtin…3.towardsevening天越來越晚4.strike-struck-struck強(qiáng)調(diào)的往往是猛烈的撞擊Thensheswamtotheshoreafterspendingthewholenightinthewater.Duringthattimeshecoveredadistanceofeightmiles.1.介詞after的賓語是動(dòng)名詞spending及這個(gè)動(dòng)名詞的賓語、狀語，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)在意義上等于

aftershehadspentthewholenightinthewater。2.cover可以籠統(tǒng)地表示“行過（一段路程）”，根據(jù)上下文可具體譯為“走過”、“飛過”、“游過”等：e.g.Thebirdcoveredthedistanceinthreeminutes.3.表示具體的距離可以用“adistanceof+具體長度”這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)。e.g.Theredarmycoveredadistanceof25,000kilometers.

Earlynextmorning,shesawalightahead.Sheknewshewas

neartheshorebecausethelightwashighuponthecliffs.

alightahead前方的一盞燈（ahead放在被修飾詞的后面）2.highuponthecliffs在高高的峭壁上up為形容詞，表示“在上面的”、“高高的”、“在較高處的”，high為副詞，修飾up。3.shewasneartheshore賓語從句

becausethelightwashighuponthecliffs原因狀語從句Onarrivingattheshore,thegirlstruggleduptheclifftowards

thelight(shehadseen).“on+動(dòng)名詞”=assoonas＝themoment=when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句e.g.

他一到機(jī)場就被警察逮捕了。Onreachingtheairport,hewasarrestedbythepolice.=Assoonashereachedtheairport,hewasarrestedbythepolice.e.g.剛到家，天就開始下雨了。Onarrivingthehome,itbegantorain.

（×）注意：如果是兩個(gè)不同的主語，則不能使用“on+動(dòng)名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)??！2.up在此處為介詞，表示“沿著……往上”。3.shehadseen為

thelight的定語從句，關(guān)系代詞

that/which省略了。Thatwasall(sheremembered).Whenshewokeupadaylater,shefoundherselfinhospital.sheremembered為all的定語從句，關(guān)系代詞that（不能用which）被省略了。2.wakeup(自己）醒過來

wakesb.up叫醒某人3.findsb./sth.+賓語補(bǔ)足語（賓補(bǔ)可以由形容詞或介詞短語充當(dāng)）,“發(fā)現(xiàn)…”e.g.我發(fā)現(xiàn)這些書本很臟.Ifoundthebooksdirty.Storysetoutfromthecoastwascaughtinstruckwasfullofjumpedintoswamforeightmilessawlightintheseaneartheshorewokeupadaylater,foundherselfinhospitalSupposeyouareafriendofthegirl's,yougotoseeherandmakedialogueswithher.nearly,passed,explain,happento,setout,becaughtin,struck,jumpedinto,swamto,Spend,covered,saw,knew,near,cliffs,arrive,struggleup,remember,wokeup,found,inhospitalA:Hello,…Howareyoufeelingnow?B:…A:Youaresobrave.We’reproudofyou.MayIaskyousomequestions?B:…Exercise:1.Wejustenteredtheroomwhena_______(暴風(fēng)雨)came.2.He_______(解釋)thathehadbeencheated.3.Twopeoplewere_______(在前面)ofus,andtravellingfast.4.Theoldmanhasbeen______(掙扎)withtheillness.5.Anew_____(醫(yī)院)isbeingbuiltinmyhometown.6.Jeanmoved_____(朝)thedoor.7.Theroomwasincomplete________(黑暗).8.Ittakesmuchstrengthtoclimbupthese____(懸崖).9.Turnoffthe_____(燈)whenyouleave.stormexplainedaheadstrugglinghospitaltowardsdarknesscliffslights1.darkadj.-----brightdarknessn.----brightness2.explainv.----explanation3.coast/shore/seaside/bank/beach4.stormn.firestormbrainstormsnowstormtime5.towards--toplace

withsb.6.struggleforsth.against7.inhospitalinthehospital8.passv.pastadj.prep9.happen/takeplace/occur10.nearlyalmost11.setout/offdownupaboutRetellingweek—abletoexplain—happenedoneafternoon—smallboat—stormevening—boat—rock—jumpedswam—shore—wholenight—waterduring—distance—eightmilesnextmorning—lightaheadknew—near—light—cliffsonarriving—upthecliff—lightthat—all—remembereddaylater—found—inhospital1.Heoftengoes____school____sixthirty____themorning.A.for,to,inB.to,at,inC.to,for,atD.for,at,to2.Hearrived___Shanghai____9:30___March5.A.at,in,atB.to,on,atC.in,on,atD.in,at,on3.Thedoctorworked____fourhours