課時跟蹤檢測(五)WarmingUp&Reading-LanguagePoints.單句語法填空Hehadtocontinuetolearnsomethingtoequiphimselfunderthestressoflosingajob.Therewasacampaigntobansmoking(smoke)inpublicplaces.Oncetheygetintothehabit,theywon'tquitdoing(do)it.Itwon,tbeeasytoputthechangesintoeffect.Heisdesperateforaglassofwater.ShewasashamedtQask(ask)suchasimplequestion.Mumsaiditwastimetqwash(wash)handsandhavelunch.Hersonaddictedhimselftosmoking,whichhadabadeffectonhishealth.HavingmovedtothenortheastofChina,Ihadtobeaccustomedtothedryweather.Ifeellikeeoinq(go)toEuropeforavisitnextsummervacation..完成句子Hestressedthcjmpertancc9fgoodeducation.他強(qiáng)調(diào)了良好教育的重要性。Aftertheaccident,hewasbamie(|fromdrivingalone.那次事故后，他被禁止獨自駕車。Itwasverydifficultfoijny_fatheitoquit_smokiiig”whosmokedfor30years,butintheendhedidmanageit盡管戒煙對30年煙齡的父親來說很難，但最終他確實戒掉了。Hiswordsmeyesterday.昨天，他的話對我沒有影響。Hewasashameaj)fhavingliedtoher.他因?qū)λf了謊而感到內(nèi)疚。Everytimeljneet)vithnim.healwayscarrieshisnotebookcomputer.我每次見他，他總是隨身帶著他的筆記本電腦。Itissaidthatmanyteenagersareaddictedt。cigarettesnowadays.據(jù)說，現(xiàn)代很多青少年對香煙上癮。IttookmeawhiletQaccustoiqjnyselftoallthenewrulesandregulations.我花了一段時間才讓自己逐漸適應(yīng)了所有新的規(guī)章制度。TheyoungmanhopestoliveasBimplga」ifgashisgrandpa.這個小伙子希望和他爺爺一樣過著儉樸的生活。Itjg(hieh)timc」hatwedidsomethingtopreventtheenvironmentfrombeingpolluted.確實到了我們采取措施阻止環(huán)境被污染的時候了。川.閱讀理解Mostpeoplelookingforwaystoquitsmokingworryaboutweightgain,andwithgoodreason.Smokerswhoquittendtopackonanaverageof5poundsaftertheystopsmokingcigarettes.Anewstudy,publishedbythejournalScience,explainswhythishappens.Thenewresearchexplainsthatnicotineappearstocombinewithappetite-regulatingneurons（調(diào)節(jié)食欲的神經(jīng)元）inthebrain,besidesthereceptors（感受器）thatbringaboutaddiction.Theseneuronshelpregulatehowmuchfoodgetsconsumed,butundertheinfluenceofnicotine,theylosetheirself-control.Thisiswhywhensmokersquit,theytendtoeatmoreandgainweight.Theresearchersbelievethattheirdiscoverywillleadtothedevelopmentofdrugsthataimatnicotinereceptorsonbraincellsthatcontrolappetite.Inthefuture,weightgainmaynolongerbeareasonforsmokerstodelaythedecisiontokickthehabit,butthat'snoreasontowaitNicotine-replacementtreatment,whilenotforeveryone,canhelp.Hereareafewmorewaystoquitsmokingandstayslim.Drinkwater.Toimprovemetabolic（新陳代謝的）rateswhichishelpfulinlosingweight,makehalfofthoseglassesicewater.Juicecanbetoohighincalories,somethingyou'11wanttokeepaneyeonyourjourneytowardbeingaslimmernon-smoker.Planyoursnacks.Healthysnackshelpkeepyourmetabolismworking,soyoucontinuetoburncalorieswhilestoppingwildhungerpain,orfakehunger.Keepmoving.Exercisekillstwobirdswithonestone.lthelpsyouburncaloriesandpreventsyoufromeatingwhenyou'renottrulyhungry.ltsalsoafeel-goodstressreliever（緩解物）.Focusonyourfitnessandhowbeinghealthymakesyoufeel.Makeexerciseagoalandthinkofquittingasyourrewardforbeingphysicallyfit.葡葡讀：為什么戒煙后人會發(fā)胖？該如何應(yīng)對戒煙后發(fā)胖的問題呢?Whichofthefollowingchangespeoplesappetiteaccordingtothenewresearch?Nicotine.Appetite-regulatingneurons.Thereceptorsthatbringaboutaddiction.Thefoodthathasbeenconsumed.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可知，在尼古丁的作用下，調(diào)節(jié)食欲的神經(jīng)元失控，故歸根結(jié)底，是尼古丁“改變”了人們的食欲。Theauthorbelievesthat.icewatercanimprovemetabolicratessmokersshouldeatfewersnackstokeepslimstresscanleadtofakehungerD?exercisecanhelponeeatless解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章倒數(shù)第四段"Toimprovemetabolicrates…icewater.”可知，A項正確。Accordingtothepassage,wecaninferthat.exercisehelpsyouburncaloriesandmakesyounotwanttoeatspeedingupmetabolicratesishelpfultoloseweightitisnicotinethatregulateshowmuchfoodgetsconsumeddrinkingwaterisgoodtoreducethestress解析：選B推理判斷題。由第四段第二句可知，加快新陳代謝的速度可以幫助減輕體重，故B項正確。Thepurposeofthetextis.tointroducetheresultofanewstudytoexplainthereasonwhysmokersbecomeslimtoprovethepossibilityofbeingaslimnon-smokertotelluswaystoquitsmokingwithoutgainingweight解析：選D主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章從一項新的研究成果談起，分析了戒煙后體重增加的生理原因，并重點介紹了幾種應(yīng)對方法。故選D項。Inthequest（尋求）forbetterhealth,manypeopleturntodoctors,self-helpbooksorherbalsupplements.Buttheyoverlookapowerfulweaponthatcouldhelpthemfightillnessanddepression,speedrecovery,slowagingandprolonglife:theirfriends.Researchersareonlynowstartingtopayattentiontotheimportanceoffriendshipandsocialnetworksinoverallhealth.A10-yearAustralianstudyfoundthatolderpeoplewithalargecircleoffriendswere22percentlesslikelytodieduringthestudyperiodthanthosewithfewerfriends.Alarge2007studyshowedanincreaseofnearly60percentintheriskforobesityamongpeoplewhosefriendsgainedweight.Andlastyear,Harvardresearchersreportedthatstrongsocialtiescouldpromotebrainhealthasweage.“Ingeneral,theroleoffriendshipinourlivesisn'twellappreciated^”saidRebeccaG.Adams,aprofessorofsociologyattheUniversityofNorthCarolina,Greensboro.Therearealotofthingsonfamiliesandmarriage,butverylittleonfriendship.Itbafflesme.Friendshiphasabiggerimpactonourpsychologicalwell-beingthanfamilyrelationships.vBellaDePaulo,avisitingpsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,whoseworkfocusesonsinglepeopleandfriendships,notesthatinmanystudies,friendshiphasanevengreatereffectonhealththanaspouse（配偶）orafamilymember.Itisn'tentirelyclearwhyfriendshiphassuchabigeffect.Itmaybebecausepeoplewithstrongsocialtiesalsohavebetteraccesstohealthservicesandcare.Beyondthat,however,friendshipclearlyhasaprofoundpsychologicaleffect.Peoplewithstrongfriendshipsarelesslikelythanotherstogetcolds,perhapsbecausetheyhavelowerstresslevels.Lastyear,researchersstudied34studentsattheUniversityofVirginia,takingthemtothebaseofasteephillandfittingthemwithaweightedbackpack.Theywerethenaskedtoestimatethesteepnessofthehill.Someparticipantsstoodnexttofriendsduringtheexercise,whileotherswerealone.Thestudentswhostoodwithfriendsgavelowerestimatesofthesteepnessofthehill.Andthelongerthefriendshadknowneachother,thelesssteepthehillappeared.aPeoplewithstrongerfriendshipnetworksfeellikethereissomeonetheycanturnto,“saidKarenA.Roberto,directorofthecenterforgerontology（老年醫(yī)學(xué)）atVirginiaTech.aFriendshipisanundervalued（估價過彳氐的）resource.Theconsistentmessageofthesestudiesisthatfriendsmakeyourlifebetter.”語篇解讀;如何保持身心健康？相信每個人對此都很感興趣并能給出自己的答案。本文作者向我們介紹了一個有利于身心健康的，很重要又長期被人們忽視的因素——友誼。What'sthemainideaofthepassage?Peopleshouldmakefriendsasmanyaspossible.Friendshipsdogreatgoodtohumanhealth.Peoplewithfriendshaveoptimisticattitude.Severalstudieshavebeendoneonfriendships.解析：選B主旨大意題。文章通過幾個研究結(jié)果說明友誼在促進(jìn)人類身心健康方面作用巨大。WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?Peoplehaven'tattachedimportancetofriendships.Afriendcanreplacedoctorsandself-helpbooks.Peoplewithmanyfriendsmayhavehigherstresslevels.Peoplewhohavefriendstendtobefat.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章第三段可知，人們尚未認(rèn)識到友誼對人們身心健康的重要性。其他選項均與原文信息不符。Theauthormentionedthestudyinthelastthreeparagraphstoindicatethat.studentsshouldclimbthesteephillwithfriendsittakesalongtimetomakefriendsafriendinneedisafriendindeedpeopleaccompaniedbyfriendsremainoptimisticinthefaceofdifficulty解析：選D推理判斷題。倒數(shù)第二段中“Thestudentswhostoodwithfriendsgavelowerestimatesofthesteepnessofthehill.”表明與朋友在一起的學(xué)生估計出來的坡度更小，這意味著他們面對困難時能保持相對樂觀的心態(tài)。InParagraph2theauthoraimstotellus?friendshiphasastrongphysicaleffectonpeople'shealthwecannotbetoocarefulwhenmakingfriendsolderpeoplearelikelytohavefewerfriends60percentofthepeoplewithoutfriendswillbecomefatwhentheygetold解析：選A段落大意題。根據(jù)本段開頭（主題句）可知答案。而且主題句后的三個研究結(jié)論都與“友誼影響身體健康”有關(guān)。IV.語法填空Gandhi,anIndiannationalhero,washonoured1thefatheroftheIndiannation.HehasbeenrespectedandbelovedbytheIndians.HewasborninIndiain1869.2(follow)thelocalcustom,he