考研資料免費中2004年入學統(tǒng)一考試——英語試題及答SectionIListeningComprehensionThissectionisdesignedtotestyourabilitytounderstandspokenEnglish.Youwillhearaselectionofrecordedmaterialsandyoumustanswerthequestionsthat panythem.Therearethreepartsinthissection,PartA,PartBandPartC.Remember,whileyouarengthetest,youshouldfirstputdownyouranswersinyourtestbooklet.Attheendofthelisteningcomprehensionsection,youwillhave5minutestotransferallyouranswersfromyourtestbooklettoANSWERSHEET1.NowlookatPartAinyourtestbooklet.PartAForquestions1-5,youwillhearatalkaboutthegeographyofBelgium.Whileyoulisten,filloutthetablewiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Someoftheinformationhasbeengiventoyouinthetable.Writeonly1wordornumberineachnumberedbox.Youwillheartherecordingtwice.Younowhave25secondstoreadthetablebelow.(5points)GeographyofThreemainregionscoastalplaincentralplateau1Highestaltitudeofthecoastalplainm2Climateneartheseahumid3ParticularlyrainymonthsoftheyearsAprilAveragetemperaturesinJulyinBrusselslow13high℃PartBForQuestions6-10,youwillhearaninterviewwithMr.SaffofromtheInstitutefortheFuture.Whileyoulisten,completethesentencesoranswerthequestions.Usenotmorethan3wordsforeachanswer.Youwillheartherecordingtwice.Younowhave25secondstoreadthesentencesandquestionsbelow.(5points)WhatisSaffoaccordingtoTheInstitutefortheFutureprovidesservicestoprivatecompaniesTheInstitutebelievesthattothinksystematicallyaboutthelong-rangefutureisTosucceedinanything,oneshouldbeflexible,curiousandWhatdoesSaffoconsidertobeessentialtotheworkofateam?789AAernmentopentoTrustandPartCYouwillhearthreepiecesofrecordedmaterial.Beforelisteningtoeachone,youwillhavetimetoreadthequestionsrelatedtoit.Whilelistening,answereachquestionbychoosingA,B,CorD.Afterlistening,youwillhavetimetocheckyouranswers.Youwillheareachpieceonceonly.(10Questions11-13arebasedonthefollowingtalkaboutnamingnewborns.Younowhave15secondstoreadQuestions11-13.WhatdoweoftendowiththethingsweAskfortheirNamebabiesafterPutdowntheirChoosenamesfor正確答案是:D您的答案是Theunpleasantmeaningofanoldfamilynameisoftenoverlookedthefamilytreeisfairlythefamilytieisstrongthenameiscommonlynobodyinthefamily正確答案是 Severalmonthsafterababy’sbirth,itsnameshowthebeautyofitsdevelopmorelosetheoriginalhelpformthe 正確答案是 Questions14-16arebasedonthebiographyofBobbyMoore,anEnglishsoccerplayer.Younowhave15secondstoreadQuestions14-16.HowmanymatchesdidMooreplayduringhisprofessional正確答案是 In1964,BobbyMoorewasEngland’sfootballeroftheasoccercoachinWestamedalistforhisanumberoftheOrderoftheBritish正確答案是 AfterMooreretiredfromplaying,thefirstthinghedideditingSundayworkingforCapitalmanagingprofessionalsoccerdeveloasportsmarketing正確答案是 Questions17-20arebasedonthefollowingtalkonthecityofBelfast.Younowhave20secondstoreadQuestions17-20.Belfasthaslongbeenfamousforoillinenfooddeepwater正確答案是 正確答案是 正確答案是 WhathappenedinBelfastinthelate18thFrenchrefugeesTheharborwasShipbuildingbegantoThecitywastakenbytheEnglish. SectionIIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquency(crimescommittedbyyoungpeople)focuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories(21)ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior(22)theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehavior(23)withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietythatchildrencommitcrimesintotheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus(25)asarejectionofmiddle-classvalues.Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies,(26)thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommit lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheories,however,aretentativeandare(28) toChangesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly(29) juvenilecrimerates.Forexample,changesintheeconomythat(30) tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin leadmoreyouthsintocriminalFamilieshavealsoortwoworkingparents;

changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofoneparent,childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome(35) wascommoninthetraditionalfamilyaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other

.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobecausesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationfailureinschool,theincreased(38)ofdrugsandalcohol,andthegrowing(39)ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact,(40)adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.21.[A] 22.[A]before正確答案是 [A]正確答案是 [A]正確答案是 [A]butor 26.[A]considering正確答案是 [A]正確答案是 [A]正確答案是 [A]正確答案是 [A]正確答案是 [A]inonbyat正確答案是 [A]正確答案是 [A]正確答案是 [A]正確答案是 [A]正確答案是 [A]正確答案是 [A]正確答案是 [A]正確答案是 [A]正確答案是 [A]正確答案是 SectionIIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyourmowersonANSWERSNEET1.(40points)TextHuntingforajoblatelastyear,lawyerGantRedmonstumbledacrossCareerBuilder,ajobdatabaseontheInternet.Hesearcheditwithnosuccessbutwasattractedbythesite’s“ alsearchagent”.It’saninteractivefeaturethatletsvisitorskeyinjobcriteriasuchaslocation,title,andsalary,thenE-mailsthemwhenamatchingpositionispostedinthedatabase.Redmonchosethe inlectualproperty,andWashington,D.C.Threeweekslater,hegothisfirstnotificationofanopening.“Istruckgold,’saysRedmon,whoE-mailedhisresumetotheemployerandwonapositionasin-housecounselforacompany.Withthousandsofcareer-relatedsitesontheInternet,findingpromisingopeningscanbetime-consumingandinefficient.Searchagentsreducetheneedforrepeatedvisitstothedatabases.ButalthoughasearchagentworkedforRedmon,careerexpertsseedrawbacks.Narrowingyourcriteria,forexample,mayworkagainstyou:“Everytimeyouansweraquestionyoueliminateapossibility.”saysoneexpert.Foranyjobsearch,youshouldstartwithanarrowconcept——whatyouthinkyouwanttodo—thenbroadenit.“Noneoftheseprogramsdothat,”saysanotherexpert.“There’snocareercounselingimplicitinallofthis.”Instead,thebeststrategyistousetheagentasakindoftipservicetokeepabreastofjobsinaparticulardatabase;whenyougetE-mail,consideritaremindertocheckthedatabaseagain.“Iwouldnotrelyonagentsforfindingeverythingthatisaddedtoadatabasethatmightinterestme,”saystheauthorofajob-searchingguide.Somesitesdesigntheiragentstotemptjobhunterstoreturn.WhenCareerSite’sagentsendsoutmessagestothosewhohavesignedupforitsservice,forexample,itincludesonlythreepotentialjobs——thoseitconsidersthebestmatches.Theremaybemorematchesinthedatabase;jobhunterswillhavetovisitthesiteagaintofindthem——andtheydo.“Onthedayafterwesendourmessages,weseeasharpincreaseinourtraffic,”saysSethPeets,viceofmarketingforCareerSite.Eventhosewhoaren’thuntingforjobsmayfindsearchagentsworthwhile.Someusethemtokeepaclosewatchonthedemandfortheirlineofworkorgatherinformationoncompensationtoarmthemselveswhennegotiatingforaraise.Althoughhappilyemployed,RedmonmaintainshisagentatCareerBuilder.“Youalwayskeepyoureyesopen,”hesays.Workingwitha alsearchagentmeanshavinganothersetofeyeslookingoutforyou.HowdidRedmonfindhisBysearchingopeningsinajobBypostingamatchingpositioninaByusingaspecialserviceofaByE-mailinghisresumetoa正確答案是 WhichofthefollowingcanbeadisadvantageofsearchLackofLimitednumberofLowerFewersuccessful正確答案是 Theexpression“tipservice”(Line4,Paragraph3)mostprobably正確答案是 WhydoesCareerSite’sagentoffereachjobhunteronlythreejobTofocusonbetterjobToattractmorereturningToreservespaceformoreToincreasetherateof正確答案是:B您的答案是Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothealsearchagentsareindispensabletojob-SomesiteskeepE-mailingjobseekerstotracetheiralsearchagentsarealsohelpfultothosealreadySomeagentsstopsendinginformationtopeopleoncetheyare正確答案是:C您的答案是TextOverthepastcentury,allkindsofunfairnessanddiscriminationhavebeencondemnedormadeillegal.Butoneinsidiousformcontinuestothrive:alphabetism.This,forthoseasyetunawareofsuchadisadvantage,referstodiscriminationagainstthosewhosesurnamesbeginwithaletterinthelowerhalfofthealphabet.IthaslongbeenknownthatataxifirmcalledAAAAcarshasabigadvantageoverZodiaccarswhencustomersthumbthroughtheirphonedirectories.LesswellknownistheadvantagethatAdamAbbotthasinlifeoverZoëZysman.Englishnamesarefairlyevenlyspreadbetweenthehalvesofthealphabet.YetasuspiciouslylargenumberoftoppeoplehavesurnamesbeginningwithlettersbetweenAandK.ThustheAmericanandvice-havesurnamesstartingwithBandCrespectively;and26ofGeorgeBush’spredecessors(includinghisfather)hadsurnamesinthefirsthalfofthealphabetagainstjust16inthesecondhalf.Evenmorestriking,sixofthesevenheadsofernmentoftheG7richcountriesarealphabeticallyadvantaged(Berlusconi,Blair,Bush,Chirac,ChrétienandKoizumi).Theworld’sthreetopcentralbankers(Greenspan,Duisenbergandi)areallclosetothetopofthealphabet,evenifoneofthemreallyusesJapanesecharacters.Asaretheworld’sfiverichestmen(Gates,Buffett,Allen,EllisonandAlbrecht).Canthismerelybecoincidence?Onetheory,dreamtupinallthesparetimeenjoyedbythealphabeticallydisadvantaged,isthattherotsetsinearly.Atthestartofthefirstyearininfantschool,teachersseatpupilsalphabeticallyfromthefront,tomakeiteasiertoremembertheirnames.Soshort-sightedZysmanjuniorgetsstuckinthebackrow,andisrarelyaskedtheimprovingquestionsposedbythoseinsensitiveteachers.Atthetimethealphabeticallydisadvantagedmaythinktheyhavehadaluckyescape.Yettheresultmaybeworsequalifications,becausetheygetlessindividualattention,aswellaslessconfidenceinspeakingpublicly.Thehumiliationcontinues.Atuniversitygraduationceremonies,theABCsproudlygettheirawardsfirst;bythetimetheyreachtheZysmansmostpeopleareliterallyhavingaZZZ.Shortlistsforjobinterviews,electionballotpapers,listsofconferencespeakersandattendees:alltendtobedrawnupalphabetically,andtheirrecipientsloseinterestastheyploughthroughthem.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoillustratewithAAAAcarsandZodiacAkindofoverlookedAtypeofconspicuousAtype alAkindofbrand正確答案是 WhatcanweinferfromthefirstthreeInbothEastandWest,namesareessentialtoThealphabetistoblameforthefailureofZoëCustomersoftenpayalotofattentiontocompanies’Someformofdiscriminationistoosubtleto正確答案是 The4thparagraphsuggestsquestionsareoftenputtothemore ligentalphabeticallydisadvantagedstudentsoftenescapeformteachersshouldpayattentiontoalloftheirstudentsshouldbeseatedaccordingtotheir正確答案是 Whatdoestheauthormeanby“mostpeopleareliterallyhavingaZZZ”(Lines2-3,ParagraphTheyaregettingTheyarenoisilydozingTheyarefeelingTheyarebusywithword正確答案是 WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothePeoplewithsurnamesbeginningwithNtoZareoftenill-VIPsintheWesternworldgainagreatdealfromThentoeliminatealphabetismstillhasalongwaytoPuttingthingsalphabeticallymayleadtounintentional正確答案是 TextWhenitcomestotheslowingeconomy,EllenSperoisn’tbitinghernailsjustyet.Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn’tcutting,fillingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe’dliketo,either.Mostofherclientsspend$12to$50weekly,butlastmonthtwolongtimecustomerssuddenlystoppedshowingup.Speroblamesthesofteningeconomy.“I’magoodeconomicindicator,”shesays.“Iprovideaservicethatpeoplecandowithoutwhenthey’reconcernedaboutsavingsomedollars.”SoSperoisdownscaling,shopatmiddle-browDillard’sdepartmentstorenearhersuburbanClevelandhome,insteadofNeimanMarcus.“Idon’tknowifotherclientsaregoingtoabandonme,too”sheEvenbeforeAlanGreenspan’sadmissionthatAmerica’sred-hoteconomyiscooling,lotsofworkingfolkshadalreadyseensignsoftheslowdownthemselves.FromcardealershipstoGapoutlets,saleshavebeenlaggingformonthsasshopperstempertheirspending.Forretailers,wholastyeartookin24percentoftheirrevenuebetweenThanksgivingandChristmas,thecautiousapproachiscomingatacrucialtime.Already,expertssay,holidaysalesareoff7percentfromlastyear’space.Butdon’tsoundanyalarmsjustyet.Consumersseemonlyconcerned,notpanicked,andmanysaytheyremainoptimisticabouttheeconomy’slong-termprospects,evenastheydosomemodestbelt-tightening.Consumerssaythey’renotindespairbecause,despitethedreadfulheadlines,theirownfortunesstillfeelprettygood.Homepricesareholdingsteadyinmostregions.InManhattan,“there’sanewgoldrushhappeninginthe$4millionto$10millionrange,predominantlyfedbyWallStreetbonuses,”saysbrokerBarbaraCorcoran.InSanFrancisco,pricesarestillrisingevenasfrenziedoverbiddingquiets.“Insteadof20to30offers,nowmaybeyouonlygettwoorthree,”saysjohnDeadly,aBayAreareal-estatebroker.Andmostfolksstillfeelprettycomfortableabouttheirabilitytofindandkeepajob.Manyfolksseesilverliningstothisslowdown.Potentialhomebuyerswouldcheerforlowerinterestrates.Employerswouldn’tmindalittlefewerbubblesinthejobmarket.Manyconsumersseemtohavebeeninfluencedbystock-marketswings,whichinvestorsnowviewasanecessaryingredienttoasustainedboom.Dinersmightseeanupside,too.GettingatableatManhattan’shotnewAlainDucasserestaurantneedtobeimpossible.Notanymore.Forthat,Greenspan&Co.maystillbeworthtoasting.By“EllenSperoisn’tbitinghernailsjustyet”(Line1,Paragraph1),theauthorSperocanhardlymaintainherSperoistoomuchengagedinherSperohasgrownoutofherbadSperoisnotinadesperate正確答案是 Howdothepublicfeelaboutthecurrenteconomic正確答案是 Whenmentioning“the$4millionto$10millionrange”(Lines3-4,Paragraph3)theauthoristalkingabout.goldrealstockventure正確答案是 Whycanmanypeoplesee“silverlinings”totheeconomicTheywouldbenefitincertainThestockmarketshowssignsofSuchaslowdownusuallyprecedesaThepurchasingpowerwouldbe正確答案是 TowhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoAnowboom,ontheTightenthebelt,thesingleCautionallright,panicThemoreventures,themore正確答案是 TextAmericanstodaydon’tplaceaveryhighvalueoninlect.Ourheroesareathletes,entertainers,andentrepreneurs,notscholars.Evenourschoolsarewherewesendourchildrentogetapracticaleducation——nottopursueknowledgeforthesakeofknowledge.Symptomsofpervasiveanti-inlectualisminourschoolsaren’tdifficulttofind.“Schoolshavealwaysbeeninasocietywherepracticalismoreimportantthaninlectual,”sayseducationwriterDianeRavitch.“Schoolscouldbeacounterbalance.”Razitch’slatestbock,LeftBack:ACenturyofFailedSchoolReforms,tracestherootsofanti-inlectualisminourschools,concludingtheyareanythingbutacounterbalancetotheAmericandistasteforinlectualpursuits.Buttheycouldandshouldbe.Encouragingkidstorejectthelifeofthemindleavesthemvulnerabletoexploitationandcontrol.Withouttheabilitytothinkcritically,todefendtheirideasandunderstandtheideasofothers,theycannotfullyparticipateinourdemocracy.Continuingalongthispath,sayswriterEarlShorris,“Wewill easecond-ratecountry.Wewillhavealesscivil“Inlectisresentedasaformofpowerorprivilege,”writeshistorianandprofessorRichardHofstadterinAnti-InlectualisminAmericanlife,aPulitzerPrizewinningbookontherootsofanti-inlectualisminUSpolitics,religion,andeducation.Fromthebeginningofourhistory,saysPracticality,commonsense,andnativeinligencehavebeenconsideredmorenoblequalitiesthananythingyoucouldlearnfromabook.RalphWaldoEmersonandotherTranscendentalistphilosophersthoughtschoolingandrigorousbooklearningputunnaturalrestraintsonchildren:“Weareshutupinschoolsandcollegerecitationroomsfor10or15yearsandcomeoutatlastwithabellyfulofwordsanddonotknowathing.”MarkTwain’sHuckleberryFinnexemplifiedAmericananti-inlectualism.Itsheroavoidsbeingcivilized——goingtoschoolandlearningtoread——sohecanpreservehisinnategoodness.Inlect,accordingtoHofstadter,isdifferentfromnativeinligence,aqualitywereluctantlyadmire.Inlectisthecritical,creative,andcontemplativesideofthemind.Inligenceseekstograsp,manipulate,re-order,andadjust,whileinlectexamines,ponders,wonders,theorizes,criticizesandimagines.Schoolremainsaplacewhereinlectismistrusted.Hofstadtersaysourcountry’seducationalsystemisinthegripsofpeoplewho“joyfullyandmilitantlyproclaimtheirhostilitytoinlectandtheireagernesstoidentifywithchildrenwhoshowtheleastinlectualpromise.”WhatdoAmericanparentsexpecttheirchildrentoacquireinThehabitofthinkingProfoundknowledgeofthePracticalabilitiesforfutureTheconfidenceininlectual正確答案是:C您的答案是WecanlearnfromthetextthatAmericanshaveahistoryundervaluinginfavoringinsupportingschoolsuppressingnativein正確答案是:A您的答案是Emerson,accordingtothetext,isapioneerofeducationanopponentof ascholarinfavorof anadvocateofregular正確答案是 Whatdoestheauthorthinkof Itissecondto ItevolvesfromcommonItistobeItunderlies正確答案是 PartBReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)Therelationoflanguageandmindhasinterestedphilosophersformanycenturies.(61)TheGreeksassumedthatthestructureoflanguagehadsomeconnectionwiththeprocessofthought,whichtookrootinEuropelongbeforepeoplerealizedhowdiverselanguagescouldbe.Onlyrecentlydidlinguistsbegintheseriousstudyoflanguagesthatwereverydifferentfromtheirown.Twoanthropologist-linguists,FranzBoasEdwardSapir,werepioneersindescribingmanynativelanguagesofNorthandSouthAm