Module6UnexplainedMysteriesoftheNaturalWorld(對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書第120頁)[單詞拼寫應(yīng)用]Ⅰ.考綱單詞——會(huì)拼寫要識(shí)記1．a(chǎn)ttackvt.襲擊；攻擊2．claimvt.聲稱3．calmadj.平靜的4．covervt.占地(多大面積)5．creature n．動(dòng)物；生物6．grey adj.灰色的7．sharp adj.鋒利的；尖的8．surface n．外表；水面9．sceptical adj.疑心的；不相信的10．fierce adj.兇猛的；殘暴的11．generous adj.有雅量的；大方的；心地高尚的12．unpredictable adj.變化莫測的13．reputation n．名譽(yù)；名聲14．border n．邊境；國界15．positive adj.正面的16．indicate vt.象征；暗示Ⅱ.派生單詞——能區(qū)分1．frightn．害怕→frightenvt.使害怕→frighteningadj.嚇人的→frightenedadj.害怕的；受驚的2．existvi.存在→existencen．存在3．likelyadj.可能的→unlikelyadj.不可能的4．a(chǎn)daptvi.適應(yīng)；適合→adaptationn．適應(yīng)；改編，改寫5．disappearvi.不見；消失→appearvi.出現(xiàn)(反義詞)6．destroyv．破壞→destructiveadj.破壞性的→destructionn．毀壞7．identityn．身份；特性→identifyvt.識(shí)別，確認(rèn)8．fortunen．運(yùn)氣；命運(yùn)；財(cái)富→fortunateadj.幸運(yùn)的→fortunatelyadv.幸運(yùn)地Ⅲ.語境應(yīng)用(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)1．Tohisfright，thefrighteningscenefrightenedtheotherfrightenedchildrenintocrying.(frighten)2．Fortunately，hecametothenewislandsafely.Itwasalsofortunateforhimtomakehisfortunehere.(fortune)3．Peopledestroyforestsandriversfortheirownbenefit.Theirdestructiveactivitiesarelikelytocausethedestructionoftheearth.(destroy)4．Itislikelythathewillcomeheretonightbecauseheisfreebutheisunlikelytomakefriendswithyou.(likely)5．Thereexistsanoldhospitalatthecorner，butnooneknowswhenitcameintoexistence．(exist)[拓展聯(lián)想]不一樣的“靜〞①cool 冷靜的②quiet 安靜的③still 不動(dòng)的④silent 沉默的正反對立的形容詞①active(積極的；主動(dòng)的)→passive(消極的；被動(dòng)的)②optimistic(樂觀的)→pessimistic(悲觀的)③positive(正面的)→negative(負(fù)面的)[短語多維應(yīng)用]Ⅰ.短語回憶——會(huì)默寫1．dieout 滅絕2．cutoff 阻擋；切斷3．throwlighton 幫助弄清楚；說明某事4．comestraighttothepoint 談?wù)}；開門見山5．dueto 由于；因……造成6．getcloseto 接近；靠近7．stickout 突出；伸出8．a(chǎn)daptto 適應(yīng)9．gofor選擇；喜歡10．bescepticalabout對……疑心Ⅱ.語境應(yīng)用(用上述短語的適當(dāng)形式填空)1．(2023·懷化六校聯(lián)考)Onlythosespeciesthatwereabletoadapttothesuddengreatchangesoftheirlivingconditionscouldsurvive.2．Theinformationtheyhadofferedthepolicethrewlightonthecauseoftheboy'smysteriousdisappearance.3．Somerarebirdsintheareaareindangerofdyingoutbecauseofhumanactivities.4．Whenthefloodedareawascutoff，wetriedourbesttobeconnectedwiththem.5．Thereisnotenoughtimeleft.Pleasecomestraighttothepoint．[拓展聯(lián)想]“喜歡〞短語集錦①gofor 選擇；喜歡②befondof 愛好；喜愛③bekeenon 熱衷于，喜愛④carefor 關(guān)心；喜歡[句式結(jié)構(gòu)仿寫]教材原句——會(huì)背誦句式仿寫——能應(yīng)用1.不定式的完成式Heclaimstohaveseenaroundblackcreaturemovingquicklythroughthewater.1.美國科學(xué)家們聲稱找到了火星上有水的證據(jù)。AmericanscientistsclaimedtohavefoundtheevidenceofwateronMars.2.Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的完成時(shí)：Therehave/hasbeen...TherehavebeenreportsofmonstersinLakeTianchisincethebeginningofthelastcentury，althoughnoonehasseenonecloseup.2.在過去的十年中，村子周圍已經(jīng)蓋了許多樓。There'vebeenmanybuildingsbuiltinthelastdecadearoundthevillage.3.beunlikelytodosth.不可能做某事Theysaythatthelow-temperaturelakeisunlikelytobeabletosupportsuchlargelivingcreatures.3.不努力的人不可能取得成功。Apersonwhodoesn'tworkhardisunlikelytosucceed.4.beof＋名詞Othermembersoftheroyalfamilywereallowedtoweardragonsymbols，too，butwithfewerclawsandofadifferentcolour.4.你將會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書在學(xué)英語中作用很大。YouwillfindthisbookofgreatuseinlearningEnglish.(對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書第121頁)精講4個(gè)考綱單詞existvi.存在，生存，生活，繼續(xù)存在[經(jīng)典例句]Aftermanyyears'research，scientistshavefoundsomeevidencethatwaterseemedtoexistonMars.經(jīng)過許多年的研究，科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)找到了一些火星上好似有水的證據(jù)。(1)existin 在于……existon＝liveon 靠……生存Thereexist(s)... 有……(2)existencen．存在；實(shí)有；生活；生活方式comeintoexistence 出現(xiàn)；產(chǎn)生(3)existingadj.現(xiàn)存的；現(xiàn)行的①M(fèi)anymaterialscanexistinavarietyofsolidforms.許多物質(zhì)可以以不同的固體形態(tài)存在。②IcanhardlyexistonthewageI'mgetting；thereisnomoneyforluxuries.我靠我掙的工資簡直難以生存，根本沒錢買奢侈品。③Thereexists(exist)agoodwaytosolvetheexisting(exist)probleminmaths.有一個(gè)解決現(xiàn)存數(shù)學(xué)問題的好方法。④Scientistshavemanytheoriesabouthowtheuniversefirstcameintoexistence(exist)．關(guān)于一開始宇宙是如何產(chǎn)生的，科學(xué)家們有多種說法。[名師點(diǎn)津]exist是不及物動(dòng)詞，不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)。claimv．聲稱；主張；要求；索賠n．?dāng)嘌裕粰?quán)利；要求權(quán)；所有權(quán)[經(jīng)典佳句]Somescientistsclaimedthatvitaminswillimproveyourchild'sIQscore.一些科學(xué)家宣稱維生素可以提高孩子的智商分?jǐn)?shù)。(1)claimtodosth..../that... 聲稱/主張做……claimtohavedonesth. 聲稱做過某事Itisclaimedthat... 據(jù)說……(2)makeaclaimforsth. 要求；對…… 提出賠償要求①Sofarnobodyhasclaimedthemoneydiscoveredinthelibrary.(湖南高考)迄今為止，還沒有人來認(rèn)領(lǐng)在圖書館撿到的那些錢。②Doctorsclaimedtohavediscovered(discover)acureforthedisease.(朗文辭典)醫(yī)生聲稱已經(jīng)找到了治療該疾病的方法。③Itisclaimed(claim)thathumornotonlyaffectspatients'moods，butalsohelpsthemrecoverfaster.據(jù)說幽默不僅影響病人的情緒，而且還有助于病人快速康復(fù)。鏈接寫作【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：44040064】①昨晚他沖動(dòng)地給我打了一個(gè)。Hemadeatelephonecalltomewithexcitementlastnight.②他聲稱親眼見到了外星人。Heclaimedtohaveseenalienswithhisowneyes.③用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語連接①②句Hemadeatelephonecalltomewithexcitementlastnight，claimingthathehadseen/claimingtohaveseenalienswithhisowneyes.adaptv．(使)適應(yīng)；改編[教材原句]Ifyoucanadapttosomething，youcanchangeinordertomakethesituationbetter.如果你能夠適應(yīng)某物，為了使情況更好一些你可以改變。(1)adaptto 適應(yīng)adaptoneselfto(＝adjustoneselfto)使自己適應(yīng)……(2)adapt...from... 根據(jù)……改編……adapt...for... 改編……為……用①John，asanewimmigrantfromAmerica，foundithardtoadapttotheChineselife.約翰，一名來自美國的新移民，發(fā)現(xiàn)很難適應(yīng)中國的生活。②TheTVplayseriesWhiteDeerPlainisadaptedfromthenovelofthesamename.電視劇?白鹿原?改編自同名小說。③Whenyougotoanewcountry，youmustadaptyourselftonewcustoms.當(dāng)你到一個(gè)新的國家，你必須使自己適應(yīng)新的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。鏈接寫作①普通表達(dá)：Thedirectorwasfullyconvincedthatthismovingstory，ifitwasadaptedfortelevision，wouldbeahit.高級(jí)表達(dá)：Thedirectorwasfullyconvincedthatthismovingstory，ifadaptedfortelevision，wouldbeahit.(省略句)②普通表達(dá)：Shehasnotonlyadaptedherselftothefastrhythmofcitylife，butsheisbecomingmoreandmoreoutgoing.高級(jí)表達(dá)：Notonlyhassheadaptedherselftothefastrhythmofcitylife，butsheisbecomingmoreandmoreoutgoing.(倒裝句)比擬adapt和adoptapt適當(dāng)?shù)摹鷄dapt[根義](使)適合→[多義]eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(①使適應(yīng),②改編；改寫))opt選擇→adopt[根義]選取→[多義]eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(①采取；采用,②收養(yǎng)；領(lǐng)養(yǎng)))fortunen．運(yùn)氣；命運(yùn)；財(cái)產(chǎn)[高考佳句]Ifyoudon'tworkhard，nofortunewillcome.(遼寧高考)如果你不努力，機(jī)遇是不會(huì)來的。(1)makeafortune 發(fā)財(cái)seekone'sfortune 尋找出路tryone'sfortune 碰運(yùn)氣(2)fortunateadj.幸運(yùn)的，運(yùn)氣好的befortunateindoing/todosth. 在……方面運(yùn)氣好(3)fortunatelyadv.幸運(yùn)地①Itissaidthattheoldmanmadeafortuneabroadbycollectingoldthings.據(jù)說這位老人在國外靠收廢舊品發(fā)了財(cái)。②Wearefortunate(fortune)thatinsuchalarge，high-pressureofficeweallgetalongsowell.(北京高考)我們很幸運(yùn)，在辦公室如此之大，壓力如此之大的情況下，大家仍相處得很好。③Fortunately(fortune)，withthehelpofsomelocalvillagers，rescuerswereabletogainaccesstothedisaster-hitareasoonenough.幸運(yùn)地是，在一些當(dāng)?shù)卮迕竦膸椭?，營救人員很快到達(dá)了災(zāi)區(qū)。[名師點(diǎn)津]fortune作“時(shí)機(jī)，運(yùn)氣〞講時(shí)，為不可數(shù)名詞，作“財(cái)產(chǎn)〞講時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞。鏈接寫作【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：44040065】她很幸運(yùn)有一個(gè)好老師，在英語方面幫助她很多。①普通表達(dá)：SheisfortunatetohaveagoodteacherandhehelpsheralotwithEnglish.②高級(jí)表達(dá)：Itisfortunatethatshehasagoodteacher，whohelpsheralotwithEnglish.(it作形式主語和定語從句)attackvt.進(jìn)攻；攻擊；開始；(疾病)侵襲n．攻擊；進(jìn)攻；病情發(fā)作[C][經(jīng)典例句]Thekillerinsistedthathewasjustdefendinghimselfwhenattacked.兇手堅(jiān)持說當(dāng)受到攻擊時(shí)他只是在進(jìn)行自衛(wèi)。(1)attacksb.withsth. 用……攻擊某人(2)makeanattackon/upon... 對……發(fā)動(dòng)進(jìn)攻underattack 受到攻擊①Ifyougotherealoneafterdarkyoumightgetattacked(attack)．如果你天黑后單獨(dú)一人去那里你可能會(huì)受到襲擊。②Whenananimalisunderattack，itcanrunawayorfightback.(江蘇高考)動(dòng)物遭到攻擊時(shí)，要么逃走要么還擊。詮釋2個(gè)核心短語dieout滅絕；(風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣等)消失[教材原句]Perhapstoomuchfightingcausedthedinosaurstodieout.或許太多的爭斗使得恐龍滅絕了。(1)dieof/from... 死于……diedown (風(fēng)或噪聲等)減弱；平息(2)bedyingfor/todo 渴望得到/做……①Inacoldwinter，manywildanimalscandieofhunger.在寒冷的冬天，許多野生動(dòng)物可能會(huì)餓死。②Althoughthewindhasdieddown，therainremainssteady，soyoustillneedaraincoat.(湖北高考)盡管風(fēng)已減弱，但雨仍在繼續(xù)，所以你仍然需要一件雨衣。③Iamdyingtoknow(know)whathappenedbecauseitwassostrange.我很想知道發(fā)生了什么事，因?yàn)檫@件事太奇怪了。鏈接寫作隨著生存環(huán)境變得越來越糟，地球上的很多物種正在絕跡。Withthelivingenvironmentbecomingworseandworse，manyoftheearth'sspeciesaredyingout．dueto因?yàn)?；?yīng)支付；歸功于[高考佳句]Thetownwascutofffromtherestoftheworldduetoheavysnow.(2023·北京高考)由于大雪這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)與外界的交通中斷了。beduetosb. 應(yīng)付給某人；歸因于某人beduetodosth. 預(yù)定/預(yù)期做某事①Chinesewomen'snationalvolleyballteam'ssuccessisduetoallthemembers'efforts.中國女排的成功歸功于全體隊(duì)員的努力。②Thatmoneyisduetome，butIhaven'tgotityet.那筆錢是應(yīng)付給我的，而我至今還未拿到。③Thebuswasduetoarrive(arrive)at5pm，butitarrivedonehourlateduetobeingheld(hold)upbytheheavyfog.公共汽車預(yù)計(jì)下午五點(diǎn)鐘到達(dá)，但由于大霧的阻礙它晚了一個(gè)小時(shí)。[名師點(diǎn)津]當(dāng)dueto意為“由于；因……造成；應(yīng)給予〞時(shí)，其中的to是介詞，并且在句中常常作表語或狀語；當(dāng)dueto意為“即將/預(yù)期做……〞時(shí)后接不定式。突破1個(gè)高考句型(教材P52)Heclaimstohaveseenaroundblackcreaturemovingquicklythroughthewater.他聲稱看見一個(gè)黑黑的、圓圓的動(dòng)物在水中快速游動(dòng)。句中tohaveseen為不定式短語的完成式，表示不定式所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前。不定式的時(shí)態(tài)有三種：(1)不定式的一般式：todo，表示與主句謂語動(dòng)詞同一時(shí)間發(fā)生或動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之前。(2)不定式的進(jìn)行式：tobedoing，表示與主句謂語動(dòng)詞同一時(shí)間發(fā)生，并且動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。(3)不定式的完成式：tohavedone，表示發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之前。①TolearnmoreaboutChineseculture，JackhasdecidedtotakeChinesefolkmusicasanelectivecourse.(2023·福建高考)為了更多地了解中國文化，杰克已經(jīng)決定把中國民間音樂作為選修課。②Theoldmanissaidtohavedonated(donate)nearly40millionyuantohelpthehomelessoverthepasttwoyears.(2023·湖南三校聯(lián)考)據(jù)說在過去兩年里那位老人捐了近4000萬元來幫助那些無家可歸的人。③Theboypretendedtobeconcentrating(concentrate)onhislesson，butinfacthismindwaswandering.男孩假裝正在專注于功課，但事實(shí)上他的思想在開小差。[多角快練]——練單詞練短語練句型—————————————————(對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書第123頁)Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Thegoodthingaboutchildrenisthattheyadaptveryeasilytonewenvironments.2．Sometraditionalskillsaredyingoutbecausetheyfailtoappealtotheyoungergeneration.3．Theanimalwilldefenditselfwhenattacked(attack)bymakingastrangenoise.4．Jack，whoclaimedtohaveheard(hear)everythingclearly，however，toldalie.5．(2023·浙江杭州五校聯(lián)考)Ifanuclearwareverbreaksout，manypeoplewillbeunlikelytosurvive(survive)．6．Iwaslateingettingtothestation.Butfortunately(fortune)forme，thetrainwaslate，too.7．(2023·福建龍巖質(zhì)檢)Awarningsignalsuddenlyappearedonthescreen，indicating(indicate)thecomputerwasbeingattackedbyacertainvirus.8．Mrs.Greendidn'trealizetherewasagapexisting(exist)betweenherandherson.9．Thefamousartistsaidthathissuccesswasduetohishardworkandperseverance.10．Theyareofdifferentsizes，shapesandmetals，buttheyareexactlythesameinweight.Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1．Thereexistsmanyfactorsinfluencingthechildren'sfuturesuccess.exists→exist2．Atlastthetouristsmanagedtoescapefromthedangerousplace，hungryandfrightening.frightening→frightened3．Keepingcalmlyisthemostimportantthingwhenyoudealwithanemergency.calmly→calm4．Beforeyoustart，itseemsthatthetaskisunlikelytobeingaccomplished.being→be5．Whetherwildlifecanbewellprotectedisofgreatimportant.important→importance(對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書第124頁)Ⅰ.課文語法填空根據(jù)P52教材課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。LakeTianchi，1.located(locate)intheChangbaiMountainsinJilinprovinceisthe2.highest(high)volcaniclakeintheworld.There3.havebeen(be)reportsofmonstersinitsincethebeginningofthelastcentury.MengFanying，4.thedirectorofalocaltouristoffice，saidthatthemonsterseemedtobeblackincolour，andjumpedoutofthewaterlikeaseal.XueJunlin，alocalphotographer，claimedthatitshead5.looked(look)likeahorse，thoughnoonereallygotaclearlookatthe6.mysterious(mystery)creature.Asoldiersaidthemonsterwasgreenish-blackandhadaroundheadwith10-centimetrehorns.LiXiaohe，7.whowasvisitingthelakewithhisfamily，claimed8.tohaveseen(see)aroundblackcreaturemovingquicklythroughthewater.Manypeoplebelieveits9.existence(exist)．However，scientistsareskeptical10.aboutthis.Ⅱ.寫作改錯(cuò)雙練根據(jù)提示，利用本單元所學(xué)