高一必修被動(dòng)語態(tài)詳解高一必修被動(dòng)語態(tài)詳解高一必修被動(dòng)語態(tài)詳解Unit2一、被動(dòng)語態(tài)基礎(chǔ)篇被動(dòng)語態(tài)的組成：be+過去分詞時(shí)態(tài)經(jīng)過助動(dòng)詞be變化表現(xiàn)：時(shí)態(tài)be過去分詞例句done為例一般此刻時(shí)am/is/aredoneEnglishisspokeninmanycountries.一般過去時(shí)was/weredoneSomeTVsetsforsaleinthedepartmentstwerestolenlastnight.一般未來時(shí)shall/will+bedoneHewon'tbeallowed,byhisfather,tomar過去未來時(shí)would/should+bedoneTheywouldbesenttothearmywhentheyFinishedthetraining.此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are+doneTheprojectisbeingcarriedout.being過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were+beingdoneThecasewasbeinginvestigatedthen.此刻達(dá)成時(shí)have/has+beendoneThisnovelhasbeentranslatedintoseverall過去達(dá)成時(shí)had+beendoneTheysaidthatproductioncostshadbeenr【說明】：以上的八個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)可用于被動(dòng)式，其余沒有列舉的時(shí)態(tài)都不宜用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子中。一般能用主動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)優(yōu)先使用主動(dòng)語態(tài)。只在以下狀況中才用被動(dòng)語態(tài)：不知道或沒必需指出行為、動(dòng)作的履行者(不必加by短語)Footballisplayedaroundtheworld.突出和重申行為或動(dòng)作的承受著。（這時(shí)可用by指引出動(dòng)作的履行者）Historyismadebythepeople.Thewoundedsoldiershavebeensavedbythosepeople.二、語態(tài)變換的幾種種類：種類變化舉例主動(dòng)語態(tài)有一個(gè)賓將賓語變?yōu)橹髡ZIbrokethebottle.語有賓從句從句的主語作被動(dòng)語態(tài)Weknowthathewasdying.的主語時(shí)，可直接把從主變被主，也it作形式主語整個(gè)從句作被動(dòng)語態(tài)Hehasknowsthatmany主語時(shí)，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài),friendswillcometosee要用形式主語it.him.

被動(dòng)語態(tài)Thebottlewasbrokenbyme.HewasknowntobedyingItwasknownthathewasdying.Ithasbeenknowntohimthatmyfriendswillcomtoseehim.有雙賓語將此中一個(gè)賓語變主語Hegavemeabook.IwasgivenabookbyhiAbookwasgiventomeb有復(fù)合賓只好將賓語變?yōu)橹髡ZWemadehimourmonitor.Hewasmadeourmonitor.語Iheardhimsinging.Hewasheardsinging.S+O+Iheardthesongsung.Thesongwasheardsung.有情動(dòng)詞情動(dòng)詞+be+過去分詞Wemustcleantheroom..Theroommustbecleaned短語動(dòng)詞保存動(dòng)詞本來所帶的介I’lllookaftertheboy.Theboywillbelookedaft作謂語詞/副詞me)三、使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)需要注意的狀況：be+過去分詞能夠是被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式,也能夠是系表構(gòu)造形式?！静顒e】：被動(dòng)語態(tài)重申換作，能夠帶by短語；系表構(gòu)造表主語的特色或狀態(tài)，不帶by短語。Thejobwaswelldone.(系表構(gòu)造)Thejobwaswelldonebyaskilledworker.(Thecompositioniswellwritten.(Thecompositioniswrittenwithgreatcare;.(【注意】表示狀態(tài)特色的連系動(dòng)詞look,sound,stay,become,fall,get,grow,keep

被動(dòng)語態(tài))系表構(gòu)造)被動(dòng)語態(tài))feel,taste,appear,seem,go,加形容詞/名詞組成系表構(gòu)造。

prove,

turn,2.不可以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的幾種狀況：①Therebe句型和全部的不及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞詞組不可以用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)之中。②表示狀態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞，如：last,hold,benefit,contain,equal,fit,

join,

mean,last,looklike,consistof等。③表示歸屬的動(dòng)詞，如have、own、belongto等。④表示“希望、企圖”的動(dòng)詞，如：wish、want、hope、like、love⑤賓語是反身代詞或互相代詞時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)語態(tài)，不可以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

、hate

等。ThemanintroducedhimselfasMr.Wang.⑥賓語是同源賓語，不定式、動(dòng)名詞等謂語動(dòng)詞不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。⑦謂語動(dòng)詞是以下時(shí)，無被動(dòng)：happen,?belong?to,?suit,?fit(適合),?have,?let,?join,?fall,?last（延長）,cost（花費(fèi)）break?out（爆發(fā)）appear,?burst?out(爆發(fā))，hold(容納)，lack（缺少），agree?with（贊同）1．有些動(dòng)詞或神態(tài)動(dòng)詞常用所接的不定式來表示被動(dòng)意義?！救纭?happen,pretend,seem,usedto,oughtto,appearThehouseusedtobepaintedwhite.

等。Thejobhastobedonebeforedark.Onthewaywehappenedtobecaughtintherain.三、被動(dòng)語態(tài)有關(guān)重要考點(diǎn)：1.主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義①表主語的某種屬性特色的動(dòng)詞，如cut、read、act,clean,sell、wear、write、wash、open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink等詞帶狀語修飾語時(shí)；當(dāng)動(dòng)詞表示“開始、結(jié)束、關(guān)、停、轉(zhuǎn)、啟動(dòng)”等意義時(shí)，如begin,finish,start,open,close,stop,end,shut,lock,run,moveThiskindofclothwasheseasily.這類布易洗。Thesenovelswon’tsellwell.這些小說不熱銷。Mypenwritessmoothly.我的鋼筆寫起來很流利。Thedoorwon’tlock.門鎖不上。Thefishsmellsgood.魚聞起來香。②當(dāng)breakout、takeplace、shutoff、turnoff、workout等動(dòng)詞表示“發(fā)生、封閉、制定”等意思時(shí)。

。Theplanworkedoutlampsonthewallturnoff.want,require,need后邊的動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)含義。④beworthdoing用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。⑤在“be+形容詞+todo”中，不定式的邏輯賓語是句子的主語，用主動(dòng)代被動(dòng)。Thiskindofwaterisn’tfittogirlisn’teasytogetalongwith.此外：betoblame(受斥責(zé))，betorent（出租）也用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)。被動(dòng)形式表示主動(dòng)意義的幾種狀況。①beseated坐著：Heisseatedonabench.（Heseatshimselfonabench.）坐在凳子上。②behidden潛藏：Hewashiddenbehindthedoor.(Hehidhimselfbehindthedoor.)他藏門后。③belost迷路④bedrunk喝醉⑤bedressed衣著：Thegirlwasdressedinareadshortskirt.經(jīng)典例題解說：1.Visitors________nottotouchtheexhibits.(NMET2001)3.requestrequestedrequesting2.Allthepreparationsforthetask___________,andwe’rereadytostart.（2000年春天高考）beencompletedbeencompleted3．Wheneveryonewas_______,themeetingbegan.A.sittingB.sat被動(dòng)語態(tài)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、選擇題（2×15=30分）()anewlibrary_____inourschoollastyearA.Is;builtB.Was;builtC.Does;buildD.Did;build()2.Anaccident____onthisroadlastweek.A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happened()（棉花）____inthesoutheastofChina.A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow()far,themoon____bymanalready.A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited()talkonChinesehistory_____intheschoolhallnextweek.A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives()manytrees____thisyearA.areplantedB.willplantC.havebeenplantedD.planted()lotofthings____bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone()___thiskindofcomputers______--Lastyear.A.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used()GreatWall____allovertheworld.A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown()_____thisbook_____A.did;writtenB.was;writtenbyC.did;writtenD.was;written()story_____byGrannyyesterday.A.wastoldusB.wastoldtousC.istoldusD.toldus()monkeywasseen_____offthetree.A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.tojump()schoolbag___behindthechair.A.putsB.canbeputC.canbeputtedD.canput()people____well.A.looksafterB.mustbelookedafterC.mustlookafterD.lookedafter()teacher______carefully.A.shouldbelistenedtoB.shouldbelistenC.belistenedD.islistened二、按要求改寫以下句子，一空一詞。（1×30=30分）teagrowninSouthChina？（改為主動(dòng)語態(tài)）_______people_________teainSouthChina？amgivenabirthdaypresentbymyparentseveryyear．（同義句變換）Abirthdaypresent____________________________bymyparentseveryyearworkisgoingtobefinishedintwodays.(對(duì)劃線發(fā)問)How______________theworkgoingtobefinished4.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.(改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))AnEnglishsong___________________bythechildren.5.Youneedn'tdoitnow.(改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))It______________________byyounow.6.Peopleusemetalformakingmachines.(改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))Metal________________________makingmachines.7.Hemademedothatforhim.(改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))I____________________________thatforhim.arewatchingthefootballmatch.Thefootballmatch_____________________bythem.theybuildabridgehereayearago(改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))__________abridge____________herebythemayearagohavesoldoutthelightgreendresses.(改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))Thelightgreendresses____________________________out.callthegame“Lianliankan”.(改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))Thegame_______________“Lianlianka