三級語法考點歸納一. 虛擬語氣if句中虛擬形式if引導(dǎo)的非真實條件句(純粹假設(shè)或發(fā)生的可能性不大)：條件從句主句與現(xiàn)在相反 did(beWere)would/should/might/coulddo與將來相反 did(be> were) would/should/might/coulddo與過去相反haddonewould/should/might/couldhavedone例句Ifweleft(leave)now,weshouldarriveintime。Iftheyhadn,tgoneonvacation,theirhousewouldn,thavebeenbroken(break)into.原形虛擬：a。表命令、決定、要求、建議等詞語之后的that—分句中，用動詞原形.suggest，demand,advise，propose，order,arrange,insist，command，require,request， desire that+(should)do例如Hesuggestedthatweshouldleaveearly。Mysuggestionisthatweshouldtellhim。b。Itis(was)形容詞/名詞that (should)do/例如Itisabsolutelyessentialthatallthefactsbeexaminedfirst。一些句型中的虛擬形式：It's(high，about,thefirst， etc.)time(that)…動詞過去時...例如It'stimeweleft。例如It'stimeweleft。2wouldrather/soonerasif/thoughwouldrather/sooner反asif/though4.練習(xí)1。ItryitagainA。will；am例如Itistimewewenttobed寧愿好像L謂語用過去時謂語用過去完成時Iyou。B。should；am C。與現(xiàn)在或者將來相與過去相反would；wereD。would；hadbeenIfitnotforthewater，theplantslive。C。were；couldD.did;A.were；C。were；couldD.did;IfIthatchancetoshowmyability，Ithepresidentofthisschool。A。havenothad;couldnotbecome B。hadnothad;wouldnothavebecome

C.didnothave；C.didnothave；couldnotbecomeD。doesn'thave；willnotbecomeHebythatburglarifyoutosavehim.A.mighthavebeenkilled;hadn'tcomeB.willbekilled;didn'tcomeC.maybekilled；did'tcome D。couldbekilled;haven'tcomeIfitforyourhelp,Ithathardtimewithsolittlemoney.A.werenot;wouldnotspend B.isnot；cannotspendC.hadnotbeen；wouldnothavespent D.havenotbeen； willnotspendWhereyougoifwar?A。will；breaksout B。do;willbreakoutC.would;weretobreakout D.will；istobreakoutShewishesshethathumiliatingthing。A。doesn'tdo B.didn’tdo C.haven’tdone D。hadn’tdoneThechairmansuggestedthatthemeetingputoff。A。canbe B.be C。is D。willbeItisvitalthatheimmediately.D.wentD。willbegintoD.wentD。willbegintoItistimewedoourhomeworkoA.begintoB。canbegintoC。beganto答案：1。選C。表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè)（指現(xiàn)在的假設(shè)）（譯文；如果我是你，我會再試一次）2選A.表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè)（指現(xiàn)在的假設(shè)）。（譯文：要是沒有水，植物就不能存活.）.選B.表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè)。A。表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè)。（譯文：要不是你來救他，他早就被那個竊賊殺了。）C.與過去事實相反的假設(shè)。（譯：要沒有你幫忙，我那點兒錢是無法度過那段艱苦歲月的。）6。選C。表示與將來事實相反的假設(shè).（譯文:要是戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)了，你會上哪兒去？）7。選D。虛擬語氣用于賓語從句.（譯文：她真希望自己沒有做過那件丟臉的事情。）8。選B.虛擬語氣用于表示“建議”等意義的動詞后.（譯文:主席建議會議延期舉行.）9。選A。虛擬語氣用于主語從句（Itis/was+形容詞+that引導(dǎo)的分句）。10。選C.虛擬語氣用于定語從句Itistime（that）。。。句型。（譯文：我們該開始做作業(yè)了.)二.動詞的時態(tài)1.各個時態(tài)動詞基本變形一般現(xiàn)在時be（is，am，are）do/does現(xiàn)在進行時be（is/am/are）+doing現(xiàn)在完成時have/hasdone現(xiàn)在完成進行時have/hasbeendoing一般過去時was/weredid過去進行時was/weredoing過去完成時haddone過去完成進行時hadbeendoing一般將來時willdo將來進行時willdo將來完成willhavedone將來完成進行時willhavebeendoing一般過去將來時woulddo過去將來進行時wouldbedoing過去將來完成時wouldhavedone過去將來完成進行時wouldhavebeendoing2.時間狀語與動詞時態(tài)的搭配一定的時態(tài)往往和一定的時間狀語連用。always,usually,sometimes, 一般現(xiàn)在時do/does amisarelastweek，yesterday，afewdaysago一般過去時 did was/werenextweek，tomorrow，inaweek，thisyear一般將來時willdonow,atpresent，atthismoment現(xiàn)在進行時be+doingsofar，uptonow,bythetime,since的主句 現(xiàn)在完成時 has/havedone3.練習(xí)，用動詞的適當形式填空He（be）eighteennextyear。It（rain）everydaysofarthismonth。Mozart（write）morethan600piecesofmusic.Ifit（rain）tomorrow，we’llhavetostayathome.Howfasthe（drive）whentheaccidenthappened？BythetimeMr。 Smithleftschool，he（teach）thatcoursefortwenty—fiveyears.Perhapshe（finish）readingthebookbythistimetomorrow.1。填willbe.nextyear為表示將來時態(tài)的時間狀語2.填hasrainedosofar是“到目前為止”的意思,常和現(xiàn)在完成時搭配使用.3。填wrote.Mozart（莫扎特）是已去世的音樂家，故應(yīng)使用過去時。4。填rains。在條件狀語從句中，要用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來發(fā)生的事情。5。填was。。。driving。表示過去某一時刻發(fā)生的動作要用過去進行時。6。填hadtaught。句中有bythetimeMr.Smithleftschool，主語的謂語應(yīng)用過去完成時.7。填willhavefinished.句中有bythistimetomorrow,主語的謂語應(yīng)用將來完成時.三動詞的被動語態(tài)1.各個時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在進行時一般過去時過去進行時一般將來時過去將來時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時現(xiàn)在完成進行時將來完成時主動doam/is/aredoingdidwas/weredoingwilldowoulddohas/havedonehaddonehas/havebeendoingwillhavedone被動am/is/aredoneam/is/arebeingdonewas/weredonewas/werebeingdonewillbedonewouldbedonehas/havebeendonehadbeendonewillhavebeendoneTheconstructionofthelibrarybeforetheendofnextmonth。A。musthavecompleted B.musthavebeencompletedC。mustbecompleted D.mustcompleteThesubjectoftheselecturesbythelecturecommitteeoA。 announces B。havebeenannouncedC。announced D。hasbeenannouncedMypicturesuntilnextweek.A.won’tdevelop B。aren’tdevelopingC.don'tdevelop D。won'tbedevelopedTheysothatwewouldn'trecognizethem.A.costumed B.disguised C。weredisguisingD。weredisguised5。Alltheapparatus（器械）beforetheexperimentbegan。A.hadbeenpreparedB。werepreparedC。hadbeenpreparedD。hadpreparedTheworld,ssuppliesofcopper.A。havebeengraduallybeingexhausted B.hasgraduallyexhaustedC.aregraduallyexhausted D.arebeinggraduallyexhaustedThegoodswhenwearrivedattheairport.A.werejustunloading B。werejustbeingunloadedC。hadjustunloaded D。werejustbeenunloaded8.Tomthebeststudentinhisclass。A。regards B.regardsas C。hasregardedasD.isregardedas9。ThesportsmeetingbecauseofthebadweatheroA。putoff B。wasputoff C。wasputtedoffD。hasputoff1。C。情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)為：情態(tài)動詞+be+done.（譯：到下月底圖書館的修建必須完工）2。D現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)為：havebeen+done（譯：講座的課題已由講座委員會宣布了。）3。D。一般將來時的被動語態(tài)為：willbe+done，其否定形式為：willnotbe+done4。D一般過去時的被動語態(tài)為was/were+過去分詞（譯:為了不讓我們認出來，他們偽裝了起來）.C.過去完成時的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成為：hadbeen+過去分詞..D現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)為：are/is/ambeing+過去分詞.（譯：世界的銅資源正逐漸被耗盡）7。B。過去進行時的被動語態(tài)為：was/werebeing+過去分詞。（譯：我們到機場時正在卸貨物。）8。D。（譯文:湯姆被認為是班里最好的學(xué)生。）B。（譯文：運動會因天氣不好被取消了.）四定語從句1。定語從句（AttributiveClauses）在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞,被修飾的名詞，詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常緊跟在先行詞后，由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出。關(guān)系代詞有：who,whom,whose,that,which等。關(guān)系副詞有：when,where,why等。例題:TheSocialSecurityRetirementProgramismadeupoftwotrustfunds,couldgopennilessbynextyear。A。thelargeone B。thelargerofwhichC。thelargestone D。thelargestofwhich選B。因為前面有two,所以不能選D,A沒有連接手段，也不能選。三級試題中定語從句的考題：1、ItriedtogetofthebusinessIfoundimpossibletocarryon.A）whyB）whichC）whatD）where2、OncemoreIhavetoleaveBeijing,Ihavebeenlivingforeightyears.A）thatB）whereC）whichD）as3、ThisbookisdesignedfortheleanersnativelanguagesarenotEnglishoA）whose B）whichC）whoD）what4、Shegottoknowtheyoungmanverywellshehadworkedforsolong。A)towhomB)inwhomC)whomD)withwhom5、ThehotelduringthevacationwasratherpoorlymanagedoA)asIstayedB)whereIstayedC)whichIstayedD)whatIstayed6、TherearesomanydressestherethatIreallydon,tknowtochoose.A)whether B)when C)which D)why7、IthinkthatAnnaisfarthemostactivememberinourgroup.A)with B)atC)asD)by五.倒裝1。當only放在句首，表示強調(diào)時，要用倒裝例:Onlyinthiswaycanyousolvethisproblem。 只有用這種方法，你才可以解決這個問題.OnlyyesterdaydidIfinishthebook。 到昨天我才讀完那本書。2.具有否定意義的副詞或詞組用于句首，要用倒裝.常見的否定詞有：never,seldom，rarely，little，hardly，notuntil，bynomeans，notonly，neither，nosooner,hardly等。例句:NevershallIforgetthedayswhenyouwerewithus。1、Olnywhenwehadfinishedalltheworkthatitwastoolatetotakeabushome.A)didwerealizeB)informingC)informedD)toinform2、NotuntilthedaybeforeyesterdaytogiveaspeechatthemeetingoA)heagreed B)doesheagree C)heagrees D)didheagree3、Youngheis，hehasprovedtobeanablesalesman。A)thatB)whoC)asD)which4、Notuntilyesterdayanythingabouttheprojectthatwillbecompletedsoon。A)didIlearnB)haveIlearntC)IlearntD)thatIlearnt5、HeisusedtoflyingbyairandonnooccasionfrightenedoA)hehaseverfeltB)heeverfeelsC)everdoeshefeelD)hasheeverfelt6、Soaftershelearnedthegoodnewsthatshecouldhardlyfallasleepthatnight.A)excitedthemotherwas B)wasthemotherexcitedC)themotherwasexcited D)excited