八年級(jí)下冊(cè)重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法和短語(yǔ)Unit1Willpeoplehaverobots?重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法：一般未來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的應(yīng)用do/does的一般未來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)形式：(shall/will)dodo/does的一般未來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：(shall/will)bedone一般未來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的一定句、否認(rèn)句、疑問(wèn)句形式：一定句例句：Peoplewillhaverobotsinafewyears.否認(rèn)句例句：People(willnot/won't)haverobotsinafewyears.一般疑問(wèn)句例句：Willpeoplehaverobotsinafewyears?特別疑問(wèn)句例句：Whatwillpeoplehaveinafewyears?重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)：won't=willnotthey'll=theywillshe'll=shewill1/18he'll=hewillI'll=Iwillfallinlovewith(sb./sth.)愛(ài)上（某人/某物）beabletodosth.能夠做某事inthefuture未來(lái)hundredsof數(shù)以百計(jì)的thousandsof成百上千的lookfor(sb./sth.)找尋（某人/某物）will→would神態(tài)動(dòng)詞will的原形和過(guò)去式may→might神態(tài)動(dòng)詞may的原形和過(guò)去式ReadingStrategy(閱讀方法)Lookatthetitleandpicture,andpredictwhatyouwillreadabout.(看著標(biāo)題和圖片，預(yù)知你要閱讀那些方面的內(nèi)容。)Thishelpsyougetreadytoacquirenewinformation.(這樣能夠幫助你獲取一些新的信息。)Unit2WhatshouldIdo?重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法：過(guò)去未來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)（未來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的委宛說(shuō)法）do/does的過(guò)去未來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)形式：(should/would)dodo/does的過(guò)去未來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：(should/would)bedone2/18過(guò)去未來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的一定句、否認(rèn)句、疑問(wèn)句形式：一定句例句：Youshouldwritealettertohim.否認(rèn)句例句：Youshouldn'twritealettertohim.一般疑問(wèn)句例句：ShouldIwritealettertohim?特別疑問(wèn)句例句：WhatshouldIdo?重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)：keepsb.out不讓某人進(jìn)入What'swrong?=What'sthematter?=What'stheproblem?怎么了？outofstyle時(shí)時(shí)興的；過(guò)時(shí)的callsb.up給某人打電話payforsth.為某事付款part-timejob兼員工作thesameas=besame(to/with)與相同instylexx的；流行的geton[well]withsb.=getalong[well]withsb.與某人相處（好）didn't=didnotcouldn't=couldnot3/18as...aspossible盡可能(eg/assoonaspossible趕快)allkindsof各樣；很多ontheonehand一方面ontheotherhand另一方面asksb.forsth.=asksb.todosth請(qǐng).求某人做某事asksb.nottodosth.懇求某人不要做某事spend(money)onsth.=spend(money)[in]doingsth花.錢做某事sth.costsb.(money)某人花費(fèi)為了某事takesb.sometimetodosth.花某人時(shí)間做某事findoutxxfindsb.doingsth.發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事beangrywithsb.生某人的氣beangryatsth.生某事的氣thesameageas=asoldas與某人年紀(jì)相同havefightwithsb.與某人打斗learntodosth.學(xué)會(huì)做某事not...until...直到才it'stimeforsth.=it'stimetodosth.到該做某事的時(shí)間了maybeadv.也許maybe（神態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形）可能是4/18shall→should神態(tài)動(dòng)詞shall的原形和過(guò)去式pay→paid→paid動(dòng)詞pay的原形、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞ReadingStrategy(閱讀方法)Youwilllearntousenewwordsbetterifyouusealearner'sdictionary.(時(shí)刻學(xué)著應(yīng)用新單詞來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)比時(shí)刻使用詞典這類門路方法更好。)Abilingualdictionarysometimesgivesthewrongmeaningforthesituationyouwant.(在某些你需要的場(chǎng)合下，一本雙語(yǔ)詞典有時(shí)會(huì)給你錯(cuò)誤的解說(shuō)。)Unit3WhatwereyoudoingwhentheUFOarrived?重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)do/does的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)形式：(was/were)doingdo/does的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：(was/were)beingdone過(guò)去未來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的一定句、否認(rèn)句和疑問(wèn)句形式：一定句例句：IwaswalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded.否認(rèn)句例句：Iwasn'twalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded.一般疑問(wèn)句例句：WereyouwalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded?5/18特別疑問(wèn)句例句：WhatwereyoudoingwhenaUFOlanded?動(dòng)詞when和while的選擇：when后加瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞，while后加連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。例句：TheboywaswalkingdownthestreetwhentheUFOlanded.=Whiletheboywaswalkingdownthestreet,theUFOlanded.嘆息句構(gòu)造：(1)How+adj.+the+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞=(2)What+(a/an)+[adj.]+n.+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞例句：Whatabeautifulflower[itis]!=Howbeautifulthefloweris!Whatbeautifulflowers[theyare]!=Howbeautifultheflowersare!重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)：getout出去；走開(kāi)takeoff騰飛runaway逃跑；跑掉6/18hearabout=hearof聽(tīng)聞takeplace發(fā)生as...as像相同(eg/asoldashim像他相同老)anywhere=everywhere=hereandthere任何地方thinkabout考慮thinkof以為getup=getoutofthebed起床atthedoctor's在診所everyday每天everydayadj.平時(shí)的mostadj.大多數(shù)themost最多的inspace在太空中nationalhero民族英豪allovertheworld=intheworld全球ReadingStrategy(閱讀方法)Thetitlecanbehelpfulforyoutounderstandatext.(一篇文章的標(biāo)題能夠幫助你理解整篇文章。)It'salsoagoodideatoreadthefirstsentenceofeachparagraphbeforeyouread.(在閱讀整篇文章以前，閱讀每段的第一句話也是一個(gè)很有效的方法。)Unit4HesaidIwashard-working.7/18重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法：賓語(yǔ)從句構(gòu)造：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)從句(主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)/表語(yǔ))例句：----I'mgoodatEnglish.Hesays.改(為加賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句)----HesaysI'mgoodatEnglish.注意：①主句是一般此刻時(shí)態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受其影響。例句：HesaysI'mgoodatEnglishnow.HesaysIwasgoodatmathematicswhenIwasyoung.②主句是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)從句也要用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。例句：HesaidIwasgoodatmathematicswhenIwasyoungyesterday.HesaidIwasgoodatEnglishnowyesterday.③賓語(yǔ)從句是客觀真諦時(shí)永久用一般此刻時(shí)態(tài)。例句：Ourteachersays24hoursmakeaday.Ourteachersaidthesungivesussomanyenergyyesterday.8/18④動(dòng)詞原形不可以作主語(yǔ)，一定用其-ing形式。例句：Shesaidhelpingotherschangedherlife.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)：directspeech直接引語(yǔ)reportedspeech=indirectspeech間接引語(yǔ)firstofall=atfirst第一passon傳達(dá)besupposedtodosth.應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事begoodat=dowellin在某方面做得好ingoodhealth身體健康getover戰(zhàn)勝openup翻開(kāi)carefor=takecareof=lookafter照顧；照顧notanymore=notanylonger=nolonger不再haveacold感冒end-of-yearexam年關(guān)考試getnervous變得緊張forgettodosth.忘掉做某事（該事未做）forgetdoingsth.忘掉做某事（該事已做）9/18it's+adj.+[forsb.]+todosth.做某事[對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)]（加形容詞）context上下文ReadingStrategy(閱讀方法)Firstreadformeaning,notfordetail.(第一理解文段的大概意思，不在于文段的細(xì)節(jié)部分。)Youcanunderstandthemeaningofawordyoudon'tknowfromthecontext.(至于不懂的單詞，你能夠經(jīng)過(guò)上下文來(lái)找尋它的正確釋義。)Unit5Ifyougototheparty,you'llhaveagreattime!重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法：if指引的條件狀語(yǔ)從句構(gòu)造：主句+if+條件狀語(yǔ)從句注意：在if指引的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，主句應(yīng)用未來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，狀語(yǔ)從句用一般此刻時(shí)態(tài)。例句：You'llhaveagreattimeifyougototheparty.=Ifyougototheparty,you'llhaveagreattime.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)：takeaway拿走aroundtheworld=allovertheworld在世界各地makealiving糊口allthetime=always向來(lái)10/18What'stheproblem?=What'sthematter?=What'swrong?怎么了？inordertodosth.為了做某事makesb.dosth.使得某人做某事（to省略，該構(gòu)造是一個(gè)不帶to的不定式。）makesb.adj.使得某人（加形容詞）makesb.done使得某人被做befamousfor為而有名befamousas作為而有名inclass在講堂上spend...(time/money)onsth.=spend...(time/money)indoingsth.花（時(shí)間錢）用于做某事seesb.dosth.看見(jiàn)某人做某事（重申整個(gè)過(guò)程）seesb.doingsth.看見(jiàn)某人做某事（重申有時(shí)性）say→said→動(dòng)said詞say的原形、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞tell→told→動(dòng)told詞tell的原形、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞eat→ate→eaten動(dòng)詞eat的原形、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞speak→spoke→spoken動(dòng)詞speak的原形、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞Unit6Howlonghaveyoubeencollectingshells?重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法：此刻達(dá)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)do/does的此刻達(dá)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)形式：have/hasbeendoing11/18do/does的此刻達(dá)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：have/hasbeenbeingdone此刻達(dá)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)所應(yīng)用的場(chǎng)合：①某事從過(guò)去發(fā)生向來(lái)連續(xù)到此刻都在做②過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)此刻造成影響例：我已上了三年初中。IhavebeeninJuniorSchoolfor3years.自從那次他與我談過(guò)心后，我每日都在進(jìn)步。Ihavebeenmakingprogresssincehetalkedwithmethattime.此刻達(dá)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的一定句、否認(rèn)句和疑問(wèn)句形式：一定句例句：Ihavebeenskatingforfivehours.否認(rèn)句例句：Ihaven'tbeenskatingforfivehours.一般疑問(wèn)句例句：Haveyoubeenskatingforfivehours?特別疑問(wèn)句例句：Howlonghaveyoubeenskating?注意：12/18讀文章以前，用眼睛“橫掃”整篇文章，迅速找尋你需要的文章重點(diǎn)。瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞不可以和一段時(shí)間連用。例句：你借這本書(shū)已經(jīng)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了？Howlonghaveyoubeenkeepingthisbook?重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)：runoutof用完；用盡bytheway趁便談?wù)刡einterestedindoingsth.對(duì)某事感興趣morethan比多faraway在遠(yuǎn)處wouldliketodosth.=wanttodosth.=feellikedoingsth.想要做某事sendsb.sth.=sendsth.tosb把.某物贈(zèng)予給某人infact實(shí)質(zhì)上room房間（用于可數(shù)名詞）；空間（用于不行數(shù)名詞）ReadingStrategy(閱讀方法)Letyoureyes"scan"thetextquicklytofinddetailsthatyou'relookingfor.(在閱)Youcanfindinformationquicklywithoutreadingthewholetext.(這樣你就不用細(xì)讀整篇文章，就能找尋到你需要的一些信息。)Unit7Wouldyoumindturningdownthemusic?重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法：mind[one's]doingsth.介懷（某人）做某事13/18重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)：notatall一點(diǎn)也不turndown調(diào)理使音量變小rightaway=inaminute=atonce馬上；馬上waitinline排隊(duì)等待cutinline插隊(duì)等待hasn't=hasnotkeep...down壓低聲音；使和緩atfirst=firstofall第一takecare當(dāng)心；當(dāng)心takecareof=careabout=lookafter關(guān)懷；照顧breaktherule違規(guī)obeytherule恪守規(guī)定putout熄滅picksth.up撿起某物waitforsb.等待某人dependon依靠；依靠getback=return要回mean→meant→meant動(dòng)詞mean的原形、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞ReadingStrategy(閱讀方法)14/18Unit8Whydon'tyougetherascarf?重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法：咨詢他人為何要做或許不做某事whydon'tyoudosth.=whynotdosth.例句：Whydon'tyougetheracamera?=Whynotgetheracamera?whatabout=howabout例句：Howaboutsometennisballs?=Whataboutsometennisballs?重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)：fallasleep入眠giveaway贈(zèng)予；散發(fā)hearof=hearabout聽(tīng)聞takeaninterestin=beinterestedin對(duì)感興趣makefriendswith與交友makeprogress獲得進(jìn)步keep→kept→kept動(dòng)詞keep的原形、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞feed→fed→動(dòng)fed詞feed的原形、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞fall→fell→動(dòng)fallen詞fall的原形、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞hear→heard→heard動(dòng)詞hear的原形、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞15/18ReadingStrategy(閱讀方法)Tounderstandtheimportantideasfromthetext,wemust"summarize".(為了認(rèn)識(shí)文段最主要的企圖，我們一定要進(jìn)行總結(jié)。)Dothisbyanswering"who,what,where,why"questionsasyouread.(在閱讀時(shí)，常注意回答時(shí)間、地址、人物這些基本因素問(wèn)題，達(dá)到總結(jié)的目的。)Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoanamusement?重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法：此刻達(dá)成時(shí)態(tài)do/does的此刻達(dá)成時(shí)態(tài)形式：(have/has)donedo/does的此刻達(dá)成時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：(have/has)beendone此刻達(dá)成時(shí)態(tài)主要重申過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情對(duì)此刻的影響。例句：我昨年去過(guò)xx，那是我第一次出國(guó)。IhaveeverbeentoAmerica.It'sthefirsttimeformetogoabroad.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)：havea