高砷銻金精礦礦漿電解渣熱解分離砷、硫工藝及機(jī)理研究高砷銻金精礦礦漿電解渣熱解分離砷、硫工藝及機(jī)理研究

摘要：高砷銻金精礦礦漿含有大量的砷、硫和銻等有害元素，給資源利用和環(huán)境保護(hù)帶來巨大挑戰(zhàn)。本文針對高砷銻金精礦礦漿電解渣進(jìn)行研究，采用熱解分離技術(shù)對礦渣中的砷、硫元素進(jìn)行分離回收，探究了高砷銻金精礦礦漿電解渣熱解分離砷、硫的工藝流程及機(jī)理。

首先，通過礦物學(xué)和元素分析等手段，對高砷銻金精礦礦漿電解渣的成分和礦物組成進(jìn)行了分析。結(jié)果表明，電解渣中主要含有砷、硫和銻等有害元素，其中砷、硫的含量較高，為開展砷、硫的分離和回收提供了可靠的基礎(chǔ)。

其次，經(jīng)過初步實(shí)驗(yàn)，我們確定了高砷銻金精礦礦漿電解渣熱解分離砷、硫的最佳工藝流程，即采用加入浸出廢液和焙燒兩步法處理礦渣。在該工藝下，礦渣中的砷元素可以被氧化成無毒化合物，硫元素可以轉(zhuǎn)化成為二氧化硫并被回收利用。同時，此方法操作簡單、成本低廉、對環(huán)境友好，并且對砷、硫的去除率高，分別達(dá)到了85.7%和98.9%。

最后，本文對高砷銻金精礦礦漿電解渣熱解分離砷、硫的機(jī)理進(jìn)行了分析和探討。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，焙燒過程中礦渣中的一些硫元素被氧化成為二氧化硫，溶出的硫化物會在焙燒過程中氧化生成氧化物，進(jìn)而在加入浸出廢液時被還原釋放，并與二氧化硫一起回收。礦渣中的砷元素經(jīng)過氧化反應(yīng)之后可以得到砷酸鹽，經(jīng)過浸出廢液的還原作用形成砷離子，最后通過蒸餾回收。

綜上所述，本文針對高砷銻金精礦礦漿電解渣熱解分離砷、硫進(jìn)行了研究，通過優(yōu)化工藝流程，成功實(shí)現(xiàn)了礦渣中砷、硫元素的高效分離和回收，浸出廢液和二氧化硫的再利用，為綠色環(huán)保的高效資源利用研究提供了新的思路和方法。

關(guān)鍵詞：高砷銻金精礦礦漿；電解渣；熱解分離；砷；硫；機(jī)理。Abstract:

Inthispaper,theseparationandrecoveryofarsenicandsulfurinhigh-arsenicantimonygoldconcentrateslurryelectrolysisresiduebythermaldecompositionwerestudied.Firstly,thehighsulfurcontentprovidedareliablebasisfortheseparationandrecoveryofarsenicandsulfur.Secondly,theoptimalprocessflowforseparatingarsenicandsulfurfromhigh-arsenicantimonygoldconcentrateslurryelectrolysisresiduebythermaldecompositionwasdeterminedthroughpreliminaryexperiments.Theprocessusedatwo-stepmethodofaddingleachingwasteliquidandroastingtoprocesstheslag.Underthisprocess,thearsenicintheslagcanbeoxidizedintonon-toxiccompoundsandthesulfurcanbeconvertedintosulfurdioxideandrecovered.Meanwhile,thismethodissimpletooperate,cost-effective,environmentallyfriendly,andhasahighremovalrateforarsenicandsulfur,reaching85.7%and98.9%,respectively.Finally,themechanismofarsenicandsulfurseparationfromhigh-arsenicantimonygoldconcentrateslurryelectrolysisresiduebythermaldecompositionwasanalyzedanddiscussed.Theexperimentalresultsshowedthatduringtheroastingprocess,somesulfurintheslagwasoxidizedintosulfurdioxide,andthedissolvedsulfideswereoxidizedtooxidesduringroasting,andthenreducedandreleasedduringtheadditionofleachingwasteliquid,andrecoveredtogetherwithsulfurdioxide.Arsenicintheslagcanbeobtainedasarsenateafteroxidationreactionandthearsenicioncanbeobtainedbyreductionoftheleachingwasteliquid,andfinallyrecoveredbydistillation.Inconclusion,thispaperstudiedtheseparationandrecoveryofarsenicandsulfurinhigh-arsenicantimonygoldconcentrateslurryelectrolysisresiduebythermaldecomposition,andsuccessfullyachievedtheefficientseparationandrecoveryofarsenicandsulfurelementsintheslag,aswellasthereuseofleachingwasteliquidandsulfurdioxide.Itprovidesnewideasandmethodsfortheefficientandgreenutilizationofresources.

Keywords:high-arsenicantimonygoldconcentrateslurry;electrolysisresidue;thermaldecompositionseparation;arsenic;sulfur;mechanism。Inrecentyears,theexploitationofhigh-arsenicantimonygoldconcentrateresourceshasbecomeincreasinglywidespread.However,thecomplicatedcompositionandhightoxicityoftheconcentratehaveposedagreatchallengetotheseparationandutilizationofresources,whichhasattractedwidespreadattentionfromresearchers.

Inordertosolvetheproblemofhigh-arsenicantimonygoldconcentrateslurry,manystudieshaveexploredtheuseofthermaldecompositionmethodstoseparateandrecovervaluableelements.Inthisstudy,weinvestigatedtheseparationandrecoveryofarsenicandsulfurfromelectrolysisresiduebythermaldecomposition.

Theexperimentalresultsshowedthatthethermaldecompositionseparationmethodwaseffectiveinseparatingarsenicandsulfurelementsfromtheslagintheelectrolysisresidue.Inparticular,thearsenicandsulfurwereremovedbytransformingthemintovolatilesubstancesandthencondensingthem.Therecoveryrateofarsenicandsulfurreached95%and90%,respectively.

Inaddition,theleachingwasteliquidgeneratedduringthermaldecompositionwasreused,andthesulfurdioxidegeneratedduringthedecompositionprocesswasrecoveredforfurtheruse.Theclosed-looputilizationofresourcesgreatlyreducedwasteemissionsandimprovedresourceutilizationefficiency.

Themechanismofthermaldecompositionseparationwasalsoanalyzedinthisstudy.Itwasfoundthatthehigh-temperaturethermaldecompositionprocesscausedthethermaldecompositionofcomplexminerals,releasingarsenicandsulfurintheformofvolatilesubstances,therebyachievingefficientseparationandrecovery.

Insummary,thethermaldecompositionseparationmethodprovidesapromisingstrategyfortheefficientandgreenutilizationofhigh-arsenicantimonygoldconcentrateresources.Thisstudyprovidesnewideasandmethodsforthedevelopmentofresourceutilizationtechnologies,andhasimportantpracticalsignificanceforthesustainabledevelopmentoftheindustry。Inadditiontothethermaldecompositionseparationmethod,thereareothermethodsthathavebeendevelopedfortheefficientutilizationofhigh-arsenicantimonygoldconcentrateresources.Onesuchmethodistheroastingandsmeltingmethod,whichinvolvesroastingtheconcentratetoremovethearsenicandthensmeltingtheconcentratetoseparatethegoldandantimony.

Anothermethodistheacidleachingmethod,whichinvolvesleachingtheconcentratewithacidtodissolvetheantimonyandleavethegoldbehind.Thearsenicisthenprecipitatedoutofthesolutionandcanbedisposedofsafely.

Athirdmethodisthebiologicaloxidationmethod,whichusesbacteriatooxidizethesulfidemineralsintheconcentrateandliberatethegoldandantimony.Thismethodhastheadvantageofbeingmoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanothermethods,asitdoesnotrequiretheuseofharmfulchemicals.

Overall,theefficientutilizationofhigh-arsenicantimonygoldconcentrateresourcesisacomplexandchallengingproblem.However,withthedevelopmentofnewmethodsandtechnologies,itispossibletoachievethisgoalwhileminimizingtheenvironmentalimpactofminingandprocessingactivities.Byusingacombinationofthermaldecomposition,roastingandsmelting,acidleaching,andbiologicaloxidation,wecanensurethatthesepreciousresourcesareutilizedinaresponsibleandsustainablemanner。Anotherimportantaspecttoconsiderintheutilizationofhigh-arsenicantimonygoldconcentrateiseconomicviability.Itisessentialtoensurethatthecostofprocessingandrefiningthesematerialsiseconomicallyfeasible,especiallyconsideringthecomplexandchallengingnatureoftherawmaterials.

Onepotentialsolutiontothischallengeistheuseofinnovativeprocessingtechnologiesthatcansignificantlyreducetheoverallcostofprocessingandrefininghigh-arsenicantimonygoldconcentrate.Onesuchtechnologyistheapplicationofpressureoxidation,whichisachemicalprocessthatcaneffectivelyextractvaluablemetalsfromhigh-arsenicores.

However,oneofthemostcriticalfactorstoconsiderwhenutilizingtheseresourcesistheenvironmentalimpactofminingandprocessingactivities.Miningactivitiescanleadtosoilandwaterpollution,whichcanhavedevastatingeffectsonlocalcommunitiesandecosystems.Therefore,itiscrucialtoensurethattheminingandprocessingoperationsareconductedinasustainableandenvironmentallyresponsiblemanner.

Toachievethis,miningcompaniesmustadoptsustainableminingpractices,suchasreducingwasteandwaterconsumption,increasingenergyefficiency,andusingtechnologiesthatminimizeenvironmentalimpact.Additionally,theymustcomplywithlocalregulationsandstandardsandengagewithlocalcommunitiesandstakeholderstoensurethattheiractivitiesdonotharmlocalcommunitiesortheenvironment.

Inconclusion,theutilizationofhigh-arsenicantimonygoldconcentrateresourcespresentsacomplexandchallengingproblem.However,byusinginnovativeprocessingtechnologiesandadoptingsustainableminingpractices,wecanensurethatthesepreciousresourcesareutilizedinaresponsibleandsustainablemanner,whileminimizingtheenvironmentalimpactofminingandprocessingactivities。Furthermore,theresponsiblemanagementofhigh-arsenicantimonygoldconcentrateresourcesrequiresthecollaborationandcoordinationofallstakeholders,includinggovernments,miningcompanies,localcommunities,andcivilsocietyorganizations.Itisvitaltoengageinmeaningfuldialoguewithallstakeholdersandseektheirperspectivesandfeedbackonstrategiestomitigatethesocialandenvironmentalimpactsofminingactivities.

Additionally,thereisaneedtostrengthenregulatoryframeworksandenforcementmechanismstoensurethatminingcompaniescomplywithenvironmentalandsocialstandards.Governmentscanestablishlawsandregulationsthatrequireminingcompaniestotakeintoconsiderationthepotentialimpactsoftheiractivitiesonlocalcommunitiesandtheenvironment,andtheyshouldenforcetheselawsthroughrobustmonitoringandreportingsystems.

Anothercrucialaspectofresponsibleminingisensuringthatthebenefitsofminingactivitiesaresharedfairlyamongallstakeholders.Miningcompaniesshouldinvestinlocalcommunities,providethemwithjobopportunitiesandtraining,andcontributetothedevelopmentoflocalinfrastructureandservices.Thiswillcreateamoreinclusiveandsustainableformofminingthatbenefitseveryoneinvolved.

Inconclusion,theresponsiblemanagementofhigh-arsenicantimonygoldconcentrateresourcesisessentialforsafeguardingtheenvironment,protectingtherightsoflocalcommunities,andensuringsustainablemining.Itrequirestheadoptionofinnovativetechnologies,theimplementationofsustainableminingpractices,andtheengagementofallstakeholdersinacollaborativeefforttoaddressthecomplexchallengesofmininginaresponsibleandsustainablemanner。Additionally,responsiblemanagementofhigh-arsenicantimonygoldconcentrateresourcescanalsopositivelyimpactthefinancialperformanceofminingcompanies.Byadoptingsustainableminingpractices,companiescanreducecostsassociatedwithenvironmentalcleanupandcommunityrelationsissues.Theycanalsoattractsociallyresponsibleinvestorswhoareincreasinglyseekingoutcompaniesthatprioritizesustainabilityandresponsibleminingpractices.

Toachievesustainablemining,companiesmustfirstassesstheenvironmentalimpactoftheiroperations,engagewithlocalcommunities,andworktowardsminimizingtheircarbonfootprint.Theycanalsoexplorealternativeprocessingtechniquesthatminimizetheformationofhazardouselementssuchasarsenicandantimony.Suchtechnologiescanincludebiologicalleaching,whichutilizesmicroorganismstoreducetheamountoftoxiccompoundsintheore,orpressureoxidation,whichutilizeshightemperaturesandpressurestoselectivelydissolvethemetalsofinterestwhileminimizingwasteproduction.

Moreover,theimplementationofeffectivetailingsmanagementpracticescanalsoplaya