人教版九年級英語單元重點知識講解全冊UNIT1by表示方式★by作介詞，可表示方式或手段，意為“通過……的方式”。后接動詞時，要用動詞-ing形式。“by+動詞-ing形式”可在句中作狀語或表語。如：Johnimproveshishealthbyplayingsportseveryday.Oneofthesecretstosuccessisbylearningfrommistakes.★對作狀語的“by+動詞-ing形式”提問時，要用how。如：Jennygotthemoney

byworkingasatourguide.

(對劃線部分提問)→HowdidJennygetthemoney?【運用】單項選擇。1.—______doyouknowsomuchabouttheUFO?—IusuallygettheinformationbysurfingtheInternet.A.How

B.WhatC.Which

D.Where

(2013山東濱州)2.—______didyouachieveyourdream?—Byworkinghard,ofcourse.A.When

B.Why

C.How

(2014四川遂寧)3.Wecansavemoney______cookingourownmealsinsteadofeatingoutside.

A.

by

B.

to

C.

for

D.

with

(2014山東萊蕪)4.YoucanimproveyourEnglish______practicingmore.A.by

B.with

C.of

D.in

(2013

重慶)答案1-4ACAA重點知識講解溫故1.finishdoingsth.finishdoingsth.意為“做完某事”?！具\用】單項選擇。Remembertoreturnthebooktothelibrarywhenyoufinish______it.A.read

B.toread

C.reading

D.reads

(2014廣西來賓)2.so...that&sothatso...that意為“如此……以至于”，用來引導結(jié)果狀語從句。so修飾形容詞或副詞。常見結(jié)構(gòu)有：①

so+形容詞

/

副詞+that從句；②

so+形容詞+a(n)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that從句。sothat

意為“為了；以便”，可引導目的狀語從句。【運用】單項選擇。(1)I’mgoingtotakehimtosomefamous

hutongs

______hecanlearnmoreaboutChina.A.because

B.when

C.sothat

D.asif

(2014江蘇鹽城)(2)Themovieis______wonderful______Iwanttoseeitagain.A.too;to

B.so;that

C.as;as

D.so;as

(2014

四川瀘州)(3)Markis______popularaboy______manystudentsarearoundhim.A.such;that

B.such;asC.so;as

D.so;that3.Whataboutdoingsth.?Whataboutdoingsth.?意為“做某事怎么樣？”，相當于Howaboutdoingsth.?，常用來征求對方的意見或向?qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh?！具\用】單項選擇?！猈hat

about______

a

rest?—OK!Let’s

go

for

a

walk.A.

to

take

B.

take

C.

taking

(2013湖南邵陽)

答案：1.C

2.CBD

3.C知新1.patient★patient可作形容詞，意為“有耐心的”，在句中可作定語或表語。如：Alexisapatientdoctor.IlikeMark.Heispatient.短語bepatientwithsb.意為“對某人有耐心”。如：Mrs.Greenisverypatientwitholdpeople.★patient還可作名詞，意為“病人”。如：IhavebeenapatientofDr.Smithmanyyears.【運用】單項選擇。(1)Youhavetobe______andwaituntilIfinishmywork.A.patient

B.strict

C.honest

D.active

(2014江西南昌)(2)Ourmathteacher______us,sowealllikeher.A.isworriedabout

B.ispatientwithC.isboredwith

D.isdifferentfrom2.lookuplookup可意為“(在詞典、參考書中或通過電腦)查閱”，其賓語可為名詞(短語)或代詞。當其賓語為名詞(短語)時，該名詞(短語)可位于look與up之間或up之后；當其賓語為代詞時，該代詞位于look和up之間。如：Ifyoudon’tknowthemeaningoftheword,lookitupinthedictionary.【運用】單項選擇。(1)ThismorningI______somenewrestaurantsontheInternetforIwantedtotakeMiatoanicerestaurantforherbirthday.A.pickedup

B.lookedupC.cleanedup

D.gaveup

(2013浙江杭州)(2)Ifyouwanttoknowwhatthewordsmean,youcan______inthedictionary.A.lookitup

B.lookupit

C.lookthemup

D.lookupthem3.It’stoohardtounderstandspokenEnglish.句中的it是形式主語，不定式短語tounderstandspokenEnglish是真正的主語，too修飾形容詞hard。此句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：It’s+adj.(+forsb.)+todosth.，意思是“(對某人來說)做某事是……的”。如：It’stooearlyforhertogettoschoolat6:00.It’simportanttolearnaboutprotectingourenvironment.【溫馨提示】too...to

意為“太……而不能”。too后接形容詞或副詞，to是不定式符號，后接動詞原形。如：Gregistooweaktowalk.【運用】漢譯英。(1)

對我來說早起太難了。________________________________________(2)

回答這個問題很容易。________________________________________(3)

她太小了，不會自己穿衣服。________________________________________4.Themoreyouread,thefasteryou’llbe.“the+比較級+(主語+謂語),the+比較級+(主語+謂語)”表示“越……，就越……”。如：Thesooneryoustart,thesooneryouwillfinish.【運用】單項選擇。(1)Keepon.Don’tstop.The______youclimb,the______youwillsee.A.highest;farthest

B.highly;fartherC.high;far

D.higher;farther

(2014云南)(2)—It’ssmoggythesedays.That’sterrible!—Yes,Ihopetoplanttrees.______trees,______airpollution.A.Themore;thefewer

B.Theless;themoreC.Theless;thefewer

D.Themore;theless

(2014云南昆明)5.Idon’tknowhowtoincreasemyreadingspeed.

句中的howtoincreasemyreadingspeed是“疑問詞+動詞不定式(短語)”結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作賓語。疑問詞what,where,when等也有類似用法。如：Annadoesn’tknowwhattowriteintheletter.Canyoutellmewhichonetobuy?【運用】句型轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞。(1)Ireallydon’tknowwhatIcandotohelpherout.

(改為簡單句)Ireallydon’tknowwhat________________tohelpherout.(2014

甘肅蘭州)(2)Oftenwedon’tknowwherewecangoonSundays.

(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)Oftenwedon’tknow________________goonSundays.

(2013

廣東茂名)答案1.AB

2.BC

3.(1)It’stoohardformetogetupearly.(2)It’seasytoanswerthisquestion.

(3)Sheistooyoungtodressherself.4.DD

5.(1)todo

(2)wheretoUNIT2賓語從句(一)在復合句中，由一個句子充當賓語，這個句子叫作賓語從句。本期我們主要學習由that,whether/if引導的賓語從句。考點一：關(guān)聯(lián)詞1.

由that引導的賓語從句。that在句中只起連接作用，沒有實際意義，也不在從句中充當任何成分。that在口語中常省略。如：Ithink(that)Lucyisanhonestgirl.2.

由whether或if引導的賓語從句。whether和if都有“是否”的意思，不能省略。如：Alicewantstoknowwhether/ifshehaspassedtheexam.考點二：語序賓語從句要用陳述句語序。考點三：時態(tài)1.

如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句可用各種時態(tài)；如果主句是一般過去時，賓語從句也常用相應的過去時態(tài)。如：Ihear(that)yourmotherisill.Iknow(that)theywillgotoHongKongforvacation.Janedidn’tsaywhether/ifherunclestayedwiththem.2.

賓語從句表示客觀事實或真理時，其時態(tài)不受主句限制，需用一般現(xiàn)在時。如：Theteachertoldus(that)lighttravelsfasterthansound.【運用】單項選擇。1.We’vegivenhersomeadvice,butIdon’tknow______she’llacceptit.

(2012

山東濰坊)A.what

B.where

C.whether

D.which2.Ourteacheroftentellsus______weshouldhelpeachother.A.that

B.when

C.whether3.Johnaskedme______Icouldgotohisbirthdayparty.A.if

B.that

C.where4.Ourteachersaidtheearth______roundthesun.

(2014

四川巴中)A.traveled

B.travels

C.travel5.—Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellme______?

(2014云南昆明)—Yes,thereisahistorymuseum.A.howoftendoyougotothehistorymuseumB.arethereanygoodmuseumsinKunmingC.howlongittakestogettothehistorymuseumD.ifthereareanygoodmuseumsinKunming

感嘆句

用來表達喜、怒、哀、樂等強烈感情的句子叫感嘆句，其句末用感嘆號，一般由what或how引導?？键c一：what引導的感嘆句。what修飾名詞，它引導的感嘆句有三種句型：1.What+a/an+

形容詞

+

可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式(+

主語

+

系動詞)！2.What+

形容詞

+

可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式(+

主語

+

系動詞)！3.What+

形容詞

+

不可數(shù)名詞(+

主語

+

系動詞)！如：Whatabeautifulflower(itis)!Whatbravegirls(theyare)!Whatdelicioussoup(itis)!考點二：how引導的感嘆句。how

修飾形容詞或副詞，它引導的感嘆句的句型為：How+

形容詞

/

副詞+

主語+

其他!

如：Howoldthehouseis!Howslowlyshespeaks!【溫馨提示】一般情況下，以what和how開頭的感嘆句可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換。如：Whatalovelygirlsheis!=Howlovelythegirlis!【運用】單項選擇。1.______weatheritistoday!

(2014

湖北十堰)A.Whathot

B.HowhotC.Whatahot

D.Howahot2.______rolesheplayedinthemovie!That’swhyshehasalotoffans.

(2014

江蘇蘇州)A.Howinteresting

B.HowaninterestingC.Whatinteresting

D.Whataninteresting3.______nervousthegirlwas!Shecouldnotfallasleepallnight.

(2014

湖南長沙)A.WhatB.Whata

C.How4.Look!______happilythechildrenareplayingoverthere!

(2014

甘肅平?jīng)?A.How

B.What

C.Whata

D.Howa答案賓語從句（一）1-5CAABD感嘆句1-4ADCA重點講解1.putonputon可意為“增加(體重)；發(fā)胖”。如：Myfatherhasputonfivekilossincehegaveupsmoking.【拓展】puton還可意為“穿上；戴上”，表示“穿”的動作。如：Dellaputonhersweaterandtrousersandthenshelefthome.【運用】選出下列句子中劃線部分的含義。A.戴上

B.增加(體重)(

)(1)Hurryup!Putonyourhat.(

)(2)Thedoctorsaidshemustputon10pounds.2.Guesswhat?Guesswhat?意為“你猜怎么著？”，用于向?qū)Ψ街v述一件自己認為會讓對方感到驚訝的事情之前，字面意思是讓對方猜，但通常是緊接著說出想說的事情。如：—Youaresohappy!—Guesswhat?Ifoundmylostwatch.【運用】將下面的對話翻譯成英語?！憧雌饋砗芘d奮！——你猜怎么著？我贏了一臺電腦。__________________________________________________________________________________________3.laylay作動詞，可意為“放置；安放”。如：Themotherlaidherbabydownquietlyonthebed.lay作動詞，還可意為“產(chǎn)(卵)；下(蛋)”。如：Dothehenslayduringthecoldweather?【運用】選出下列句子中劃線部分的含義。A.下(蛋)

B.放置(

)(1)Hewentoverandlaidhiscuponthetable.(

)(2)Grandmother’shensarelayingwellnow.4.admireadmire作動詞，意為“欣賞；仰慕”。admiresb./sth.意為“欣賞/仰慕某人/某物”。如：OnlyJohnadmireshisbrother.

Iadmiretheirhard-workingspirit.admiresb.forsth.意為“為某事欽佩某人”。如：Iadmirehimforhisexcellentteaching.【運用】根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子，每空一詞。(1)我欣賞他的能力。I________________________.(2)張老師欽佩她的誠實。Mr.Zhang________her________herhonesty.5.warn

warn作動詞，意為“提醒；警告；告誡”。常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：warnsb.of/aboutsth.意為“提醒某人某事”。如：David’smotherwarnedhimof/aboutthedangerinrockclimbing.warnsb.todosth.意為“提醒某人做某事”。如：Iwarnedhimtoleaveatonce.warnsb.nottodosth.意為“警告某人不要做某事”。如：Mymotherwarnedmenottogoskatingonsuchthinice.【運用】根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子，每空一詞。(1)媽媽提醒我要改變飲食習慣。Mymother__________me____________________myeatinghabits.(2)標牌提醒我們注意濕地板。Thesign__________us__________thewetfloor.(3)我警告她不要一個人步行回家。I__________her______________________________homealone.答案1.(1)A

(2)B2.—Youlookveryexcited!—Guesswhat?Iwonacomputer.3.(1)B

(2)A4.(1)admirehisability

(2)admires;for5.(1)warned;to

change

(2)warns;of/about

(3)warned;nottowalkUNIT3賓語從句（二）本期我們來學習由其他關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導的賓語從句?！耜P(guān)聯(lián)詞當一個特殊疑問句充當賓語時，由原來的疑問詞what，who，which，when，where，how，why等作為引導賓語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，這些詞在賓語從句中充當一定的句子成分，都有各自的詞義，不可省略?！裾Z序

賓語從句必須是陳述句語序。如：DoyouknowwhenMr.BlackwillarriveinBeijing?

(關(guān)聯(lián)詞)(主語)

(謂語)Doyouknowwhoisamathteacher?

(關(guān)聯(lián)詞作主語)

(系動詞+表語)Idon’tknowwhothosemenare.

(關(guān)聯(lián)詞)(主語)(系動詞)●時態(tài)賓語從句的時態(tài)與主句的時態(tài)息息相關(guān)：如果主句是現(xiàn)在的某種時態(tài)，則賓語從句的時態(tài)可根據(jù)實際情況而定；如果主句是過去的某種時態(tài)，則賓語從句一般要用相應的過去時態(tài)(賓語從句表示客觀真理除外)。如：PeterwantstoknowwhatLucywasdoingat8:00yesterdaymorning.MyauntaskedmewhenIwouldbuyanewcar.●轉(zhuǎn)換當賓語從句中的主語與主句的主語或賓語一致時，可使用“關(guān)聯(lián)詞+動詞不定式(短語)”結(jié)構(gòu)對從句進行改寫。如：Ireallydon’tknowwhichbookIshouldbuy.=Ireallydon’tknowwhichbooktobuy.CanyoutellmewhereIcangetadictionary?=Canyoutellmewheretogetadictionary?重點梳理語塊1.askforhelp尋求幫助2.atfirst首先；最初3.between...and...在……和……之間4.comeon快點吧；加油5.communicatewithsb.與某人交流、溝通6.dependon依靠；信賴7.forthefirsttime第一次8.onone’sright在某人的右邊9.onone’swayto...在某人去……的路上

10.pardonme抱歉，對不起；什么，請再說一遍11.parkinglot

停車場；停車區(qū)12.passby路過；經(jīng)過13.spendsometime(in)doingsth.花費時間做某事14.startwith...以……開始15.suchas例如；像……這樣句子1.Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmehowtogettothebookstore?2.I’mexcitedtotrytherides!

3.Howaboutthatnewrideoverthere?4.Whydon’twecomebackherefordinnerlater?5.Itisnotenoughtojustaskaquestioncorrectly.UNIT4usedto結(jié)構(gòu)usedto結(jié)構(gòu)意為“過去經(jīng)常；以前常?！保硎具^去的習慣性動作或經(jīng)常性狀態(tài)，可用于各種人稱，后接動詞原形。如：Amyusedtolistentomusic.Youusedtobeshort,butnowyou’retall.★

usedto結(jié)構(gòu)的否定形式有兩種：didn’tuseto或usedn’tto(只用于英式英語)。如：TheWhitesdidn’tusetolivehere./TheWhitesusedn’ttolivehere.★

usedto結(jié)構(gòu)在構(gòu)成疑問句時，可借助助動詞did，也可將used提到主語前(只用于英式英語)。如：Didyouuseto/Usedyoutospendmuchtimeplayingcomputergames?

【鏈接】八年級下冊我們學過beusedto結(jié)構(gòu)，同學們很容易將二者混淆，我們一起回顧一下它的用法吧。

beusedto結(jié)構(gòu)意為“習慣于……；適應于……”，to為介詞，后接名詞、代詞或動詞-ing形式。如：I’mnotusedtotheweatherin

London.Themanisusedtoreadinganewspaperatbreakfast.【運用】Ⅰ.

句型轉(zhuǎn)換，每空詞數(shù)不限。1.Momusedtogrowflowersinhergarden.

(改為否定句)Mom__________________growflowersinhergarden.2.IusedtocollectstampswhenIwasyoung.

(改為一般疑問句)__________________collectstampswhenyouwereyoung?Ⅱ.

單項選擇。1.—MyauntgoestoclimbmountainseverySunday.—Oh?Butshe______hateclimbingmountains.A.usedto

B.wasusedto

C.isusedto

(2013

黑龍江綏化)2.—Howisyourgrandma?—She’sfine.Sheusedto______TVathomeaftersupper.Butnowsheisusedto______outforawalk.A.watch;go

B.watching;go

C.watching;going

D.watch;going

(2013

湖北黃岡)3.Sheusedto______abustoschool,butnowsheisusedto______toschool.A.taking;walk

B.take;walk

C.taking;walking

D.take;walking

(2014

四川南充)答案：Ⅰ.1.didn’tuseto/usedn’tto

2.Didyouuseto/Usedyouto

Ⅱ.1-3ADD知識梳理語塊1.beabsentfrom

缺席；不在2.beproudof...

為……驕傲；為……感到自豪3.dealwith

應對；處理4.fighton

奮力堅持下去5.fromtimetotime

時常；有時6.gettonsofattention

被眾人所關(guān)注；吸引無數(shù)目光7.giveup

放棄8.hangout

閑逛；常去某處9.inperson

親身；親自10.inpublic

公開地；在別人面前11.takepridein...

為……感到自豪12.takeup

學著做；開始做13.wearglasses

戴著眼鏡句子1.Iusedtobeafraidofthedark.

2.It’sbeenthreeyearssincewelastsawourprimaryschoolclassmates.3.It’sinterestingtoseehowpeoplehavechanged.4.Iusedtoseehimreadinginthelibraryeveryday.5.Asshegotbetter,shedaredtosinginfrontofherclass,andthenforthewholeschool.6.AndIdon’thavemuchprivatetimeanymore.7.Sheadvisedthemtotalkwiththeirsoninperson.UNIT5被動語態(tài)(一)

——一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)語態(tài)是用來表示主語和謂語之間的關(guān)系。英語中有兩種語態(tài)，一種是主動語態(tài)，表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者；另一種是被動語態(tài)，表示主語是動作的承受者。試比較下面的例句：1.TheEnglishteacheroftenpraisesLisaforherexcellentwork.(該句為主動語態(tài)，主語theEnglishteacher是動作praise的執(zhí)行者，賓語Lisa是動作praise的承受者。)2.LisaisoftenpraisedforherexcellentworkbytheEnglishteacher.(該句為被動語態(tài)，主語Lisa是動作praise的承受者，動作的執(zhí)行者theEnglishteacher由介詞by引出。)被動語態(tài)通常由“助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成，主要用于以下幾種情況：1.

強調(diào)動作的承受者。如：TheEnglish-Chinesedictionaryisusedbymoststudents.2.

不知道動作的執(zhí)行者。如：Thebookwaspublished(出版)lastyear.3.

沒有必要提及執(zhí)行者。如：Suchthingsarenotdonetwice.4.

被動語態(tài)的使用往往受上下文和語境支配。在一個句子中有時為了避免中途變更主語而不得不使用被動語態(tài)。如：JackplayedMikeatping-pongand(Jack)waseasilybeaten.5.

有些動詞習慣上常用被動語態(tài)。如：Timisthoughttobethebeststudentinourclass.被動語態(tài)可用于多種時態(tài)，本單元我們先學習一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。一、一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：be(am/is/are)+及物動詞的過去分詞

如：ThebookiswritteninChinese.Thebookisn’twritteninChinese.—IsthebookwritteninChinese?—Yes,itis./No,itisn’t.Whatlanguageisthebookwrittenin?二、如何將主動句(含“主+謂+賓”句型的句子)變?yōu)楸粍泳渲鲃泳洌?/p>

John

helps

me.被動句：

I

amhelped

byJohn.這一基本句型變?yōu)楸粍泳鋾r，先將主動句中的賓語變成被動句中的主語(賓語如為人稱代詞，須將賓格變?yōu)橹鞲?，然后根據(jù)這個主語選用相應的助動詞be(am/is/are)，然后將主動句中的謂語動詞變成它的過去分詞形式，再將主動句中的主語置于介詞by

之后(如為人稱代詞，須將主格變?yōu)橘e格)，最后將句中的其他成分加上即可?！具\用】Ⅰ.

改為被動語態(tài)。1.Myparentsgrowvegetableseveryspring.___________________________________________2.DoesLindawatertheflowereveryday?___________________________________________3.Myunclekeepsacatandadog.___________________________________________Ⅱ.

單項選擇。1.—Claudia,areyougoingtoJeff‘sbirthdaypartyonSaturday?

(2014

湖北黃岡)—UnlessI______.A.willbeinvited

B.aminvited

C.wasinviting

D.invited2.Thepetdogiswarmandloving.It______asadaughterofmyfamily.

(2014

河北)A.treats

B.treated

C.istreated

D.wastreated

3.Everyday,toomuchwater______inourschool.Weshouldsaveit.

(2014

陜西)A.iswasted

B.wastes

C.waswasted

D.wasted4.—Goodnews!Self-drivingcarswillcomeintouseinoneortwoyears.

(2014

湖北宜昌)—Really?We’reexpectingtoseehowthey______.A.aremaking

B.aremade

C.make

D.willmake答案Ⅰ.1.Vegetablesaregrownbymyparentseveryspring.2.IstheflowerwateredbyLindaeveryday?3.Acatandadogarekeptbymyuncle.Ⅱ.1-4BCAB1.bemadeof＆bemadefrombemadeof和bemadefrom都表示“由……制成”，但二者用法有所區(qū)別?！舢斣牧现瞥沙善泛螅员３衷行再|(zhì)時，常用bemadeof。如：Sara’sschoolbagismadeofcloth.◆當原材料制成成品后，失去了原有的性質(zhì)時(即經(jīng)過加工，已不是原來的樣子)，常用bemadefrom。如：Thiskindofpaperismadefromwoodandbamboo.【注意】在語料庫(COCA)中也可以檢索出一些二者通用的例子。如：Theirclothingwasatfirstmadeofcotton....asweatermadefromcottonthatgrowsindifferentcolors.【拓展】◆

bemadein表示“在……制造”，后接表示地點或時間的詞語。如：ThewashingmachinewasmadeinQingdao.Thecarwasmadein2012.◆

bemadeby表示“由……制造”，后接動作的執(zhí)行者。如：Wasthemodelplanemadebyyourbrother?◆

bemadeinto表示“(原材料)被制成……”。

如：Glasscanbemadeintobottles.【運用】用恰當?shù)慕樵~填空。(1)—Whatareyourshoesmade____________?—Leather(皮革).(2)Hiswatchwasmade____________Shanghai.(3)Themachinesweremade____________manyworkers.(4)Thewoodwillbemade____________desksandchairsforstudents.(5)Thiskindofwineismade____________grapes.2.beknown/famousforbeknown/famousfor

意為“以……聞名；為人知曉”。當主語是人時，常表示某人以某種技能或特征而聞名；當主語是地點名詞時，常表示某地以某個名勝古跡或特產(chǎn)而聞名。如：MissBlackisknown/famousforhernovels.Sichuanisknown/famousforthehotfood.【拓展】beknown/famousas意為“作為……而出名”。如：FanBingbingisknown/famousasanactress.【運用】用for或as填空。(1)

Hangzhou

isknown____________itstea.(2)ZhangJieisfamous____________asingerinChina.答案

1.(1)of/from

(2)in

(3)by

(4)into(5)from2.(1)for

(2)asUNIT6被動語態(tài)(二)

——

一般過去時的被動語態(tài)我們在上一期學習了一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，本期我們來學習一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。上期講到的“幾種用被動語態(tài)的情況”和“如何將主動句(含“主+謂+賓”句型的句子)變?yōu)楸粍泳洹蓖瑯舆m用于一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，不同的只是這兩種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成。一般過去時的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成為：was/were+及物動詞的過去分詞。如：Thebridgewasbuiltlastyear.Thebridgewasn’tbuiltlastyear.—Wasthebridgebuiltlastyear?—Yes,itwas./No,itwasn’t.Whenwasthebridgebuilt?【拓展】1.

“不及物動詞+介詞/副詞”構(gòu)成的短語動詞，變成被動句時，要把它們作為整體看待，介詞或副詞不可拆開或漏掉。如：MygrandmawaslookedafterbyanursecalledLisa.Theseposterswereputupbyourheadteacher.2.

含有雙賓語的主動句變被動句時，可將主動句中的直接賓語或間接賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳渲械闹髡Z。如果把主動句中的直接賓語(指物)變?yōu)楸粍泳渲械闹髡Z，則需在間接賓語(指人)前加適當?shù)慕樵~to或for。如：主動結(jié)構(gòu)：Momboughtmeanewcoat.被動結(jié)構(gòu)：Iwasboughtanewcoat.(間接賓語作主語)Anewcoatwasboughtforme.(直接賓語作主語)3.

有些動詞常用其主動形式表示被動意義，如sell,wash,write等和表示感覺、知覺的系動詞feel,sound,taste,smell等。如：Thiskindofpenwriteswell.Thesweaterfeelsverycomfortable.4.

在主動句中，使役動詞(如make等)和感官動詞(如see,watch,notice,hear等)后面常接不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語；但在被動句中，這些詞后面的動詞不定式都需要帶to。如：Tomwasmadetoanswerthequestionsinclassbytheteacher.Timwasseentorunintheplaygroundlastweekend.【運用】單項選擇。1.—Tellmeonethingyou’reproudofinyourjuniorhighschool,Tony.—I____________ascaptainoftheschoolfootballteam.A.choose

B.chose

C.amchosen

D.waschosen

2.LastMarch,manytrees____________alongthestreetstomakeourcitymorebeautiful.A.wereplanted

B.wereplanting

C.hadplanted

D.planted3.Thestudentsinthisschoolaremade____________schooluniformsonMonday.A.towear

B.wearing

C.wear

D.worn4.—Marywasheard____________justnow.Whathappened?—Joewastellinghersomejokes.A.cry

B.laugh

C.tolaugh

D.tocry5.Thelatestnovel____________justnow.Butitwillcomeoutagainsoon.A.sellsout

B.issoldout

C.hassoldout

D.wassoldout6.—Thefoodlookedbad,butit____________OK.—Sowecan’tjudgeamanbyhisappearance.A.istasted

B.tastedC.wastasted

D.taste7.—Wow!YouhaveatickettoEason’sconcert!—Haha...It____________formebymycousin.A.hasbought

B.boughtC.isbought

D.wasbought答案1-5DAACD

6-7BD重點知識講解溫故InEngland,teadidn’tappearuntilaround1660,...句中的until用于否定句中，構(gòu)成“not...until...”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“直到……才……”，句中動詞多為短暫性動詞。until也可以用于肯定句中，意為“直到……為止”，句中動詞多為延續(xù)性動詞?！具\用】單項選擇。1.—Excuseme.Isitmyturnnow?—Notyet.Pleasewaitonthechair____________yournameiscalled.A.and

B.until

C.although

D.since2.—It’stoolate.Ihavetogonow.—Oh,it’srainingoutside.Don’tleave____________itstops.A.sinceB.until

C.while知新1.nearlynearly用作副詞，意為“幾乎；差不多”。

如：Karenisnearlyastallasyouare.【鏈接】八年級上冊我們學過almost，也用作副詞，也意為“幾乎；差不多”。一般情況下，二者可以互換使用，但almost所表示的“差不多”程度比nearly更大一些。此外，almost后面可以接no,nothing,never等表示否定意義的詞，而nearly沒有這種用法。如：InKunmingthetemperatureisalmost/nearlythesameallyearround.Almostnoonebelievedher.Shefeltverysad.【運用】根據(jù)首字母提示填單詞。(1)Icametothecitytwoyearsago.I’veworkedherefor

n

twoyears.(2)Ginaissuchalazygirlthat

a

noonelikesher.2.smell?作名詞，意為“氣味；嗅覺”。如：Theflowerhasaspecialsmell.Tasteandsmellarecloselyconnected.?作及物動詞，意為“聞到”。如：Icansmellsomethingburning.?作系動詞，意為“發(fā)出……氣味”，與形容詞連用。如：Coffeeisready.Itsmellsverynice.【運用】Ⅰ.

根據(jù)首字母提示填單詞。1.Themeatisproducingaterrible

s

.Throwitaway!2.I

s

thatthemilkwasnotfresh.Ⅱ.

單項選擇。Momismakingdinner.It____________sonice!A.smells

B.tastes

C.feels

D.sounds3.takeplacetakeplace是不及物短語動詞，意為“發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)”，不用于被動語態(tài)中。如：Wedon’tknowwhattookplaceinthehotel.Thefuneraltookplaceat3p.m.onApril24.【運用】單項選擇。The18thJiangsuProvincialGameswill____________inSeptember.Manystudentswanttobevolunteers.A.takeplace

B.takepartC.takeaction

D.takecare答案【溫故】1-2BB【知新】1.(1)nearly

(2)almost2.Ⅰ.1.smell

2.smelled/smelt

Ⅱ.A

3.AUNIT7被動語態(tài)(三)——含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)我們在前面兩個單元學習了一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。本單元我們一起來學習含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)。前面兩期講到的“幾種用被動語態(tài)的情況”、“如何將主動句(含“主+謂+賓”句型的句子)變?yōu)楸粍泳洹?、“不及物動詞+介詞/副詞”構(gòu)成的短語動詞變?yōu)楸粍泳洹⒑须p賓語的主動句變?yōu)楸粍泳?、有些動詞常用其主動形式表示被動意義和使役動詞、感官動詞后面常接不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞那闆r，同樣適用于含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)，不同的只是它們的“構(gòu)成”。含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：情態(tài)動詞+be+及物動詞的過去分詞。如：Manytreesshouldbeplantedinthemountains.Thisbookcanbetakenhome.Thisproblemcan’tbeworkedoutveryeasily.Musttheworkbefinishedatonce?【拓展】“動詞+名詞+介詞”構(gòu)成的短語動詞(如takecareof,payattentionto等)變?yōu)楸粍泳鋾r，通常把整個短語當作一個及物動詞來處理。如：Youshouldpayattentiontoyourhealth.→Yourhealthshouldbepaidattentionto.【運用】Ⅰ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞(含縮略形式)。1.Benmustdotheworkrightnow.

(改為被動語態(tài))_______________________________________________________byBenrightnow.2.Weshouldbeallowedtowearjeansintheschool.

(改為否定句)We_________________________________towearjeansintheschool.3.Abookshouldbereadeachmonth.(改為一般疑問句)_______________________________________________________eachmonth?答案：Ⅰ.1.Theworkmustbedone

2.shouldn’tbeallowed

3.ShouldabookbereadUNIT8情態(tài)動詞表示推測情態(tài)動詞must，can，could，may和might均可表示推測，它們可以對過去、現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼那闆r作出語氣強弱不同的推測。在運用情態(tài)動詞表示推測時，我們應該著重把握以下幾點：1.

把握推測語氣的特點，選擇恰當?shù)那閼B(tài)動詞。◆表示肯定的推測時，語氣從弱到強依次為might→may→could→can→must；表示否定的推測時，can’t和couldn’t語氣較強，意為“不可能”，maynot和mightnot語氣較弱，意為“可能不”?！羟閼B(tài)動詞表示推測時，must只用于肯定句中，表示很有把握的推測，意為“一定；準是”；can多用于否定句或疑問句中。如：Theyhavebeenworkinghardallday.They

mustbe

tired.Sam

can’tbe

athomenow,forIsawhimgoingshoppingjustnow.Atthattimewethoughtthestory

couldnotbe

true.What

can

Nealpossibly

mean?WhynotaskPaulforhelp?He

mayknow

theanswer.TheyallsaidthatAdam

mightcome

homebeforeChristmas.Don’tbesosure.He

mightnothelp

usthistime.2.

確定被推測時間，選擇正確的謂語結(jié)構(gòu)。◆對現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼氖虑檫M行推測時，用“情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形”。如：Mr.Reedlookspale.He

maybe

ill.Ifyoudon’thaveaguide,you

couldlose

yourway.◆對正在進行的事情進行推測時，用“情態(tài)動詞+be+動詞的-ing形式”。如：There’salotofnoisefromthenextdoor.They

mustbehaving

aparty.Hurryup!Mom

mightbewaiting

forusathome.◆對過去的事情進行推測時，用“情態(tài)動詞+have+動詞的過去分詞”。如：Lauralooksveryhappy.She

musthavepassed

theexam.—Ican’tfindmywalletanywhere.—You

mighthavelost

itwhileshopping.【運用】Ⅰ.

單項選擇。1.—Who’ssinginginthegarden?—It__________beMr.Brown.Healwayspracticessingingatthistime.A.must

B.can’t

C.need

(2014

湖南長沙)2.—IsthatKate’scar?—It__________behers.Shehasjustgoneforameeting.A.can’t

B.should

C.mustn’t

D.may

(2014

湖北武漢)3.—Whereareyougoingthismonth?—We__________gotoXiamen,butwe’renotsure.A.needn’t

B.must

C.might

D.mustn’t

(2013

天津)Ⅱ.

從括號內(nèi)選擇正確的選項填空。1.Mike____________________(couldbedoing/coulddo)hishomeworkinhisroomnow.2.I’msurethey____________________(mustarrive/musthavearrived)yesterday,forIsawtheirtickets.3.They____________________(mighthavelived/mightlive)inNewYork,butI’mnotsure.答案:Ⅰ.1-3AACⅡ.1.couldbedoing

2.musthavearrived

3.mightlive知識梳理語塊1.attendaconcert

參加音樂會2.atthesametime

同時；一起3.belongto

屬于；是……的成員4.celebrateavictoryover...

慶祝戰(zhàn)勝……的勝利5.inacertainway

以某種方式6.onmidsummer’smorning

在仲夏的早晨7.overalongperiodoftime

通過很長一段時間8.pickup

撿起

9.pointout

指出10.therestof...

其余……

11.runafter

追逐；追趕

句子1.Ithinksomebodymusthavepickeditup.2.Mywifethinksthatitcouldbeananimal,butmyfriendsandIthinkitmustbeteenagershavingfun.3.Theremustbesomethingvisitingthehomesinourneighborhood,butwhatisit?4.Thenoise-makerishavingtoomuchfuncreatingfearintheneighborhood.5.“Asyouwalkthere,youcanfeeltheenergyfromyourfeetmoveupyourbody,”saidonevisitor.UNIT9定語從句在復合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句，被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。定語從句一般放在先行詞的后面，引導定語從句的詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，它們在從句中充當句子成分。本單元我們主要學習由關(guān)系代詞that,which和who引導的定語從句。1.that在從句中作主語或賓語，可以指人，也可以指物。如：Aplaneisamachine

that

canfly.

(作主語，指物)Thatisthehotel

that

Iknow.

(作賓語，指物)Whoistheman

that

isreadingabookoverthere?

(作主語，指人)Thegirl

that

wesawyesterdayisSara’ssister.

(作賓語，指人)2.which在從句中作主語或賓語，只可以指物。如：Theyplantedsometrees

which

didn’tneedmuchwater.

(作主語，指物)Thefish

which

weboughtthismorningwerenotfresh.

(作賓語，指物)3.who在從句中作主語或賓語，只可以指人。如：Theboy

who

brokethewindowiscalledTom.

(作主語，指人)Theperson

who

youtalkedtojustnowisMr.Smith.

(作賓語，指人)溫馨提示：關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語時可以省略?！具\用】單項選擇。1.—Inatextmessage,88meansBye-bye.—AndanotherexampleisF2F_________standsforfacetoface.

(2014

湖北黃岡)A.that

B.who

C.whom

D.it2.—Whatareyoulookingfor?—I’mlookingfortheCDaboutEXO_________Iboughtyesterday.

(2014

山東德州)A.that

B.who

C.whose

D.when3.Theshop_________sellsflowersisattheendofthestreet.

(2014

湖南長沙)A.who

B.where

C.which4.Ireallylikethephotoofmyfamily_________mysistertookinthecityparklastyear.

(2014

浙江紹興)A.which

B.who

C.what

D.whom5.Tommycouldn’tstopthinkingabouttheboy_________madehimafoolinfrontofthewholeclass.

(2014

山東濰坊)A.whom

B.whichC.what

D.who6.—DoyouknowofGuoMingyi?—Yes.Heisanordinary(普通的)worker_________helpsmanypoorchildreninChina.Weshouldfollowhisexample.

(2013

黑龍江哈