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英語試題

第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分20分)

做題時,先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1分,滿分5分)

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標(biāo)在試卷

的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一

遍。

例:Howmuchistheshirt?

A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whattimeisitnow?

A.910.B.950.C.1000.

2.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheweather?

A.It’snice.B.It’swarm.C.It’scold.

3.Whatwillthemando?

A.Attendameeting.B.Givealecture.C.Leavehisoffice.

4.Whatisthewoman’sopinionaboutthecourse?

A.Toohard.B.Worthtaking.C.Veryeasy.

5.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?

A.Speaklouder.B.Apologizetoher.C.Turnofftheradio.

第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,

并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將

給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。

6.HowlongdidMichaelstayinChina?

A.Fivedays.B.Oneweek.C.Twoweeks.

7.WheredidMichaelgolastyear?

A.Russia.B.Norway.C.India.

聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。

8.WhatfooddoesSallylike?

A.Chicken.B.Fish.C.Eggs.

9.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?

A.Cookdinner.B.Goshopping.C.Orderdishes.

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聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。

10.Wherearethespeakers?

A.Inahospital.B.Intheoffice.C.Athome.

11.Whenisthereportdue?

A.Thursday.B.Friday.C.NextMonday.

12.WhatdoesGeorgesuggestStephaniedowiththereport?

A.Improveit.B.Handitinlater.C.Leaveitwithhim.

聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。

13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Salespersonandcustomer.B.Homeownerandcleaner.C.Husbandandwife.

14.Whatkindofapartmentdothespeakersprefer?

A.Onewithtwobedrooms.B.Onewithoutfurniture.C.Onenearamarket.

15.Howmuchrentshouldonepayfortheonebedroomapartment?

A.＄350.B.＄400.C.＄415.

16.Whereistheapartmentthespeakerswouldliketosee?

A.OnLakeStreet.B.OnMarketStreet.C.OnSouthStreet.

聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。

17.Whatpercentageoftheworld’steaexportsgotoBritain?

A.Almost15%.B.About30%.C.Over40%.

18.Whydoteatasterstasteteawithmilk?

A.MostBritishpeopledrinkteathatway.

B.Teatastesmuchbetterwithmilk.C.Teawithmilkishealthy.

19.Whosuggestsapriceforeachtea?

A.Teatasters.B.Teaexporters.C.Teacompanies.

20.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?

A.Thelifeofteatasters.B.AfternoonteainBritain.C.TheLondonTeaTradeCentre.

第二部分:英語知識運用(共兩節(jié),滿分35分)

第一節(jié):單項填空(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)

請閱讀下面各題,從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

例:Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.

A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever

答案是B。

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21.Thenumberofsmokers,_____isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.

A.itB.whichC.whatD.as

22.Schoolsshouldbelivelyplaceswhereindividualsareencouragedto_____totheirgreatest

potential.

A.accelerateB.improveC.performD.develop

23.—Jim,canyouworkthisSunday?

—________?I’vebeenworkingfortwoweeksonend.

A.WhymeB.WhynotC.WhatifD.Sowhat

24.Muchtime_____sittingatadesk,officeworkersaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.

A.beingspentB.havingspentC.spentD.spending

25._____LiBai,agreatChinesepoet,wasbornisknowntothepublic,butsomewon’taccept

it.

A.ThatB.WhyC.WhereD.How

26.Itissocoldthatyoucan’tgooutside_____fullycoveredinthickclothes.

A.ifB.unlessC.onceD.when

27.Theuniversitystartedsomenewlanguageprogramsto_____thecountry’sSilkRoadEconomic

Belt.

A.applytoB.caterforC.appealtoD.huntfor

28.Itmighthavesavedmesometrouble______theschedule.

A.didIknowB.haveIknownC.doIknowD.hadIknown

29.Thewholeteam_____CristianoRonaldo,andheseldomletsthemdown.

A.waitonB.focusonC.countonD.callon

30.Therealreasonwhyprices____,andstillare,toohighiscomplex,andnoshortdiscussion

cansatisfactorilyexplainthisproblem.

A.WereB.willbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen

31.Thepoliceofficersdecidedtoconductathoroughand_______reviewofthecase.

A.comprehensiveB.complicatedC.ConsciousD.crucial

32.Someschoolswillhavetomake______inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.

A.judgmentsB.adjustmentsC.commentsD.achievements

33.—Whydidn’tyouinviteJohntoyourbirthdayparty?

—Well,youknowhe’s_______.

A.anearlybirdB.awetblanketC.aluckydogD.atoughnut

34.Manyofthethingswenowbenefitfromwouldnotbearound_______ThomasEdison.

A.thankstoB.regardlessofC.asidefromD.butfor

35.—GoandsaysorrytoyourMom,Dave.

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—I’dliketo,butI’mafraidshewon’tbehappywithmy______.

A.requestsB.excusesC.apologiesD.regrets

第二節(jié):完形填空(共20小題;每小題1分,滿分20分)

請閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

IwasrequiredtoreadoneofBernieSiegel’sbooksincollegeandwashookedonhispositivity

fromthatmomenton.Thestoriesofhisunconventional36andtheexceptionalpatientshewrote

aboutwereso37tomeandhadsuchabig38onhowIsawlifefromthenon.Whoknewthatso

manyyearslaterIwouldlooktoDr.BernieandhisCDsagainto39myowncancerexperience?

I’manambitious40,andwhenIstartedgoingthroughchemo(化療),eventhoughI’ma

very41person,Ilostmydrivetowrite.Iwasjusttootiredandnotinthe42.Oneday,while

waitingtogoinfor43,IhadoneofDr.Bernie’sbooksinmyhand.Anotherpatient44what

Iwasreadingandstruckupaconversationwithme45hehadoneofhisbookswithhimaswell.

It46thatamongotherthings,hewasaneighty-year-oldwriter.Hewas47apublishedauthor,

andhewascurrently48onanewbook.

Wewouldseeeachotheratvarioustimesand49friends.Sometimesheworeaduckhat,andI

wouldtellmyself,hewasdefinitelya(n)50ofDr.Bernie.Hereallyputa51onmyface.He

unfortunately52lastyearduetohiscancer,53heleftadeepimpressiononmeandgaveme

the54topickupmypenagain.I55tomyself,“Ifhecandoit,thensocanI.”

36.A.tastesB.ideasC.notesD.memories

37.A.amazingB.shockingC.amusingD.strange

38.A.strikeB.pushC.challengeD.impact

39.A.learnfromB.gooverC.getthroughD.referto

40.A.readerB.writerC.editorD.doctor

41.A.positiveB.agreeableC.humorousD.honest

42.A.moodB.positionC.stateD.way

43.A.adviceB.referenceC.protectionD.treatment

44.A.viewedB.knewC.noticedD.wondered

45.A.whileB.becauseC.althoughD.providing

46.A.cameoutB.workedoutC.provedoutD.turnedout

47.A.naturallyB.merelyC.hopefullyD.actually

48.A.decidingB.investingC.workingD.relying

49.A.becameB.helpedC.missedD.visited

50.A.patientB.operatorC.fanD.publisher

51.A.signB.smileC.markD.mask

52.A.showedupB.setoffC.felldownD.passedaway

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53.A.sinceB.butC.soD.for

54.A.guidanceB.trustC.opportunityD.inspiration

55.A.promisedB.sworeC.thoughtD.Replied

A

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56.AccordingtotheCode,visitorsshouldact_______.

A.withcareandrespectB.withreliefandpleasure

C.withcautionandcalmnessD.withattentionandobservation

57.WhatareyouencouragedtodowhentravellinginNewZealand?

A.Takeyourowncampingfacilities.

B.Buryglassfarawayfromrivers.

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C.Followthetrackforthesakeofplants.

D.Observesignstoapproachnestingbirds.

B

IntheUnitedStatesalone,over100millioncell-phonesarethrownawayeachyear.Cell-phones

arepartofagrowingmountainofelectronicwastelikecomputersandpersonaldigitalassistants.

Theelectronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimesfasterthantraditionalgarbageasawhole.

Electronicdevicescontainvaluablemetalssuchasgoldandsilver.ASwissstudyreportedthat

whiletheweightofelectronicgoodsrepresentedbypreciousmetalswasrelativelysmallin

comparisontototalwaste,theconcentration含量()ofgoldandotherpreciousmetalswashigher

inSo-callede-wastethaninnaturallyoccurringminerals.

Electronicwastesalsocontainmanypoisonousmetals.Evenwhenthemachinesarerecycledandthe

harmfulmetalsremoved,therecyclingprocessofteniscarriedoutinpoorcountries,inpractically

uncontrolledwayswhichallowmanypoisonoussubstancestoescapeintotheenvironment.

Creatingproductsoutofrawmaterialscreatesmuchmorewastematerial,upto100timesmore,

thanthematerialcontainedinthefinishedproducts.Consideragainthecell-phone,andimagine

theminesthatproducedthosemetals,thefactoriesneededtomaketheboxandpackaging(包裝)

itcamein.Manywastesproducedintheproducingprocessareharmfulaswell.

TheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencynotesthatmostwasteisdangerousinthat“theproduction,

distribution,anduseofproducts—aswellasmanagementoftheresultingwaste—allresult

ingreenhousegasrelease.”Individualscanreducetheircontributionbycreatinglesswasteat

thestart—forinstance,buyingreusableproductsandrecycling.

Inmanycountriestheconceptofextendedproducerresponsibilityisbeingconsideredorhasbeen

putinplaceasanincentive(動機)forreducingwaste.Ifproducersarerequiredtotakeback

packagingtheyusetoselltheirproducts,wouldtheyreducethepackaginginthefirstplace?

Governments’incentivetorequireproducerstotakeresponsibilityforthepackagingtheyproduce

isusuallybasedonmoney.Why,theyask,shouldcitiesortownsberesponsibleforpayingtodeal

withthebubblewrap(氣泡墊)thatencasedyourtelevision?

Fromthegovernments’pointofview,aprimarygoaloflawsrequiringextendedproducer

responsibilityistotransferboththecostsandthephysicalresponsibilityofwastemanagement

fromthegovernmentandtax-payersbacktotheproducers.

58.BymentioningtheSwissstudy,theauthorintendstotellusthat_________.

A.theweightofe-goodsisrathersmall

B.E-wastedeservestobemadegooduseof

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C.naturalmineralscontainmorepreciousmetals

D.thepercentageofpreciousmetalsisheavyine-waste

59.Theresponsibilityofe-wastetreatmentshouldbeextended_________.

A.fromproducerstogovernmentsB.fromgovernmentstoproducers

C.fromindividualstodistributorsD.fromdistributorstogovernments

60.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.Theincreaseine-waste.B.Thecreationofe-waste.

C.Theseriousnessofe-waste.D.Themanagementofe-waste.

C

Supposeyoubecomealeaderinanorganization.It’sverylikelythatyou’llwanttohavevolunteers

tohelpwiththeorganization’sactivities.Todoso,itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeople

undertakevolunteerworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestinthework.

Let’sbeginwiththequestionofwhypeoplevolunteer.Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactors

thatmotivatepeopletogetinvolved.Forexample,peoplevolunteertoexpresspersonalvalues

relatedtounselfishness,toexpandtheirrangeofexperiences,andtostrengthensocial

relationships.Ifvolunteerpositionsdonotmeettheseneeds,peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate.

Toselectvolunteers,youmayneedtounderstandthemotivationsofthepeopleyouwishtoattract.

Peoplealsovolunteerbecausetheyarerequiredtodoso.Toincreaselevelsofcommunityservice,

someschoolshavelaunchedcompulsoryvolunteerprograms.Unfortunately,theseprogramscanshift

people’swishofparticipationfromaninternalfactor(e.g.,“Ivolunteerbecauseit’simportant

tome”)toanexternalfactor(e.g.,“IvolunteerbecauseI’mrequiredtodoso”).Whenthat

happens,peoplebecomelesslikelytovolunteerinthefuture.Peoplemustbesensitivetothis

possibilitywhentheymakevolunteeractivitiesamust.

Oncepeoplebegintovolunteer,whatleadsthemtoremainintheirpositionsovertime?Toanswer

thisquestion,researchershaveconductedfollow-upstudiesinwhichtheytrackvolunteersover

time.Forinstance,onestudyfollowed238volunteersinFloridaoverayear.Oneofthemost

importantfactorsthatinfluencedtheirsatisfactionasvolunteerswastheamountofsuffering

theyexperiencedintheirvolunteerpositions.Althoughthisresultmaynotsurpriseyou,itleads

toimportantpracticaladvice.Theresearchersnotethatattentionshouldbegivento“training

methodsthatwouldpreparevolunteersfortroublesomesituationsorprovidethemwithstrategies

forcopingwiththeproblemtheydoexperience”.

Anotherstudyof302volunteersathospitalsinChicagofocusedonindividualdifferencesinthe

degreetowhichpeopleview“volunteer”asanimportantsocialrole.Itwasassumedthatthose

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peopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobemost

likelytocontinuevolunteerwork.Participantsindicatedthedegreetowhichthesocialrole

matteredbyrespondingtostatementssuchas“VolunteeringinHospitalisanimportantpartof

whoIam.”Consistentwiththeresearchers’expectations,theyfoundapositivecorrelation正(

相關(guān))betweenthestrengthofroleidentityandthelengthoftimepeoplecontinuedtovolunteer.

Theseresults,onceagain,leadtoconcreteadvice:“Onceanindividualbeginsvolunteering,

continuedeffortsmightfocusondevelopingavolunteerroleidentity....ItemslikeT-shirtsthat

allowvolunteerstoberecognizedpubliclyfortheircontributionscanhelpstrengthenrole

identity”.

61.Peoplevolunteermainlyoutof______.

A.academicrequirementsB.socialexpectations

C.financialrewardsD.internalneeds

62.WhatcanwelearnfromtheFloridastudy?

A.Follow-upstudiesshouldlastforoneyear.B.Volunteersshouldgetmentallyprepared.

C.Strategytrainingisamustinresearch.D.Volunteersareprovidedwithconcreteadvice.

63.Whatismostlikelytomotivatevolunteerstocontinuetheirwork?

A.Individualdifferencesinroleidentity.B.PubliclyidentifiablevolunteerT-shirts.

C.Roleidentityasavolunteer.D.Practicaladvicefromresearchers.

64.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.HowtoGetPeopletoVolunteerB.HowtoStudyVolunteerBehaviors

C.HowtoKeepVolunteers’InterestD.HowtoOrganizeVolunteerActivities

D

FreedomandResponsibility

Freedom’schallengeintheDigitalAgeisaserioustopic.Wearefacingtodayastrangenewworld

andweareallwonderingwhatwearegoingtodowithit.

Some2,500yearsagoGreecediscoveredfreedom.Beforethattherewasnofreedom.Thereweregreat

civilizations,splendidempires,butnofreedomanywhere.EgyptandBabylonwerebothtyrannies,

oneverypowerfulmanrulingoverhelplessmasses.

InGreece,inAthens(雅典),alittlecityinalittlecountry,therewerenohelplessmasses.

AndAthenianswillinglyobeyedthewrittenlawswhichtheythemselvespassed,andtheunwritten,

whichmustbeobeyediffreemenlivetogether.Theymustshoweachotherkindnessandpityand

themanyqualitieswithoutwhichlifewouldbeverypainfulunlessonechosetolivealoneinthe

desert.TheAtheniansneverthoughtthatamanwasfreeifhecoulddowhathewanted.Amanwas

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freeifhewasself-controlled.Tomakeyourselfobeywhatyouapprovedwasfreedom.Theywere

savedfromlookingattheirlivesastheirownprivateaffair.Eachonefeltresponsibleforthe

welfareofAthens,notbecauseitwasforcedonhimfromtheoutside,butbecausethecitywas

hisprideandhissafety.Theessentialbeliefofthefirstfreegovernmentintheworldwasliberty

forallmenwhocouldcontrolthemselvesandwouldtakeresponsibilityforthestate.

Butdiscoveringfreedomisnotlikediscoveringcomputers.Itcannotbediscoveredonceforall.

Ifpeopledonotprizeit,andworkforit,itwillgo.Constantwatchisitsprice.Athenschanged.

Itwasachangethattookplacewithoutbeingnoticedthoughitwasoftheextremeimportance,

aspiritualchangewhichaffectedthewholestate.IthadbeentheAthenian爺sprideandjoyto

givetotheircity.Thattheycouldgetmaterialbenefitsfromherneverenteredtheirminds.There

hadtobeacompletechangeofattitudebeforetheycouldlookatthecityasanemployerwhopaid

hercitizensfordoingherwork.Nowinsteadofmengivingtothestate,thestatewastogive

tothem.Whatthepeoplewantedwasagovernmentwhichwouldprovideacomfortablelifeforthem;

andwiththisastheprimaryobject,ideasoffreedomandself-relianceandresponsibilitywere

neglectedtothepointofdisappearing.Athenswasmoreandmorelookedonasacooperativebusiness

possessedofgreatwealthinwhichallcitizenshadarighttoshare.

Athensreachedthepointwhenthefreedomshereallywantedwasfreedomfromresponsibility.There

couldbeonlyoneresult.Ifmeninsistedonbeingfreefromtheburdenofself-dependenceand

responsibilityforthecommongood,theywouldceasetobefree.Responsibilityisthepriceevery

manmustpayforfreedom.Itistobehadonnootherterms.Athens,theAthensofAncientGreece,

refusedresponsibility;shereachedtheendoffreedomandwasnevertohaveitagain.

But,“theexcellentbecomesthepermanent”,Aristotlesaid.Athenslostfreedomforever,but

freedomwasnotlostforeverfortheworld.AgreatAmerican,JamesMadison,referredto:“The

capacity(能力)ofmankindforself-government.”Nodoubthehadnotanideathathewasspeaking

Greek.Athenswasnotinthefarthestbackgroundofhismind,butoncemanhasagreatandgood

idea,itisnevercompletelylost.TheDigitalAgecannotdestroyit.Somehowinthisorthatman’

sthoughtsuchanidealivesthoughunconsideredbytheworldofaction.Onecanneverbesure

thatitisnotonthepointofbreakingoutintoactiononlysurethatitwilldososometime.

65.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tyrannies”inParagraph2referto?

A.Countrieswheretheirpeopleneedhelp.B.Powerfulstateswithhighercivilization.

C.Splendidempireswherepeopleenjoyfreedom.D.Governmentsruledwithabsolutepower.

66.Peoplebelievinginfreedomarethosewho________.

A.regardtheirlifeastheirownbusinessB.seekgainsastheirprimaryobject

C.behavewithinthelawsandvaluesystemsD.treatotherswithkindnessandpity

67.WhatchangeinattitudetookplaceinAthens?

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A.TheAtheniansrefusedtotaketheirresponsibility.

B.TheAtheniansnolongertookprideinthecity.

C.TheAtheniansbenefitedspirituallyfromthegovernment.

D.TheAthenianslookedonthegovernmentasabusiness.

68.Whatdoesthesentence“Therecouldbeonlyoneresult.”inParagraph5mean?

A.Athenswouldcontinuetobefree.

B.Athenswouldceasetohavefreedom.

C.Freedomwouldcomefromresponsibility.

D.FreedomwouldstopAthensfromself-dependence.

69.WhydoestheauthorrefertoAristotleandMadison?

A.Theauthorishopefulaboutfreedom.

B.Theauthoriscautiousaboutself-government.

C.TheauthorisskepticalofGreekcivilization.

D.Theauthorisproudofman’scapacity.

70.Whatistheauthor’sunderstandingoffreedom?

A.Freedomcanbemorepopularinthedigitalage.

B.Freedommaycometoanendinthedigitalage.

C.Freedomshouldhavepriorityoverresponsibility.

D.Freedomneedstobeguaranteedbyresponsibility.

第四部分:任務(wù)型閱讀(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)

請閱讀下面短文,并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。

注意:請將答案寫在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號的橫線上。每個空格只填一個單詞。

Peopleselectnewsinexpectationofareward.Thisrewardmaybeeitheroftwokinds.Oneisrelated

towhatFreudcallsthePleasurePrinciple,theothertowhathecallstheRealityPrinciple.

Forwantofbetternames,weshallcallthesetwoclassesimmediaterewardanddelayedreward.

Ingeneral,thekindofnewswhichmaybeexpectedtogiveimmediaterewardarenewsofcrimeand

corruption,accidentsanddisasters,sports,socialevents,andhumaninterest.Delayed

rewardmaybeexpectedfromnewsofpublicaffairs,economicmatters,socialproblems,science,

education,andhealth.

Newsofthefirstkindpaysitsrewardsatonce.Areadercanenjoyanindirectexperiencewithout

anyofthedangersorstressesinvolved.Hecantremblewildlyatanaxe-murder,shakehis

headsympatheticallyandsafelyatahurricane,identifyhimselfwiththewinningteam,laugh

understandinglyatawarmlittlestoryofchildrenordogs.

Newsofthesecondkind,however,paysitsrewardslater.Itsometimesrequiresthereaderto

tolerateunpleasantnessorannoyance—as,forexample,whenhereadsofthethreateningforeign

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situation,themountingnationaldebt,risingtaxes,fallingmarket,scarcehousing,andcancer.

Ithasakindof“threatvalue.”Itisreadsothatthereadermaybeinformedandprepared.

Whenareaderselectsdelayedrewardnews,hepullshimselfintotheworldofsurroundingreality

towhichhecanadapthimselfonlybyhardwork.Whenheselectsnewsoftheotherkind,heusually

withdrawsfromtheworldofthreateningrealitytowardthedreamworld.

Foranyindividual,ofcourse,theboundariesofthesetwoclassesarenotstable.Forexample,

asociologistmayreadnewsofcrimeasasocialproblem,ratherthanforitsimmediatereward.

Acoachmayreadasportsstoryforitsthreatvalue:hemayhavetoplaythatteamnextweek.

Apoliticianmayreadanaccountofhislatestsuccessfulpublicmeeting,notforitsdelayedreward,

butverymuchashiswifereadsanaccountofaparty.Inanygivenstoryofcorruptionordisaster,

athoughtfulreadermayreceivenotonlytheimmediaterewardofindirectexperience,butalso

thedelayedrewardofinf