設(shè)計(jì)模式試驗(yàn)一實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告書專業(yè)班級(jí)軟件0703學(xué)號(hào)姓名吉亞云指導(dǎo)老師劉偉時(shí)間3月27日中南大學(xué)軟件學(xué)院試驗(yàn)一設(shè)計(jì)模式上機(jī)試驗(yàn)一一、試驗(yàn)?zāi)繕?biāo)熟練使用PowerDesigner繪制類圖，結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)靜態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)模型；使用PowerDesigner和任意一個(gè)面向?qū)ο缶幊陶Z言實(shí)現(xiàn)幾個(gè)常見設(shè)計(jì)模式，包含簡(jiǎn)單工廠模式、工廠方法模式、抽象工廠模式、原型模式、單例模式、適配器模式、橋接模式和組合模式。二、試驗(yàn)要求1.使用PowerDesigner繪制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)UML類圖；2.正確無誤繪制簡(jiǎn)單工廠模式、工廠方法模式、抽象工廠模式、原型模式、單例模式、適配器模式、橋接模式和組合模式模式結(jié)構(gòu)圖；3.使用任意一個(gè)面向?qū)ο缶幊陶Z言實(shí)現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)單工廠模式、工廠方法模式、抽象工廠模式、原型模式、單例模式、適配器模式、橋接模式和組合模式，代碼運(yùn)行正確無誤。三、試驗(yàn)步驟1.熟悉PowerDesigner11慣用功效；2.使用PowerDesigner繪制類圖；3.使用PowerDesigner繪制簡(jiǎn)單工廠模式結(jié)構(gòu)圖并用面向?qū)ο缶幊陶Z言實(shí)現(xiàn)該模式；4.使用PowerDesigner繪制工廠方法模式結(jié)構(gòu)圖并用面向?qū)ο缶幊陶Z言實(shí)現(xiàn)該模式；5.使用PowerDesigner繪制抽象工廠模式結(jié)構(gòu)圖并用面向?qū)ο缶幊陶Z言實(shí)現(xiàn)該模式；6.使用PowerDesigner繪制原型模式結(jié)構(gòu)圖并用面向?qū)ο缶幊陶Z言實(shí)現(xiàn)該模式；7.使用PowerDesigner繪制單例模式結(jié)構(gòu)圖并用面向?qū)ο缶幊陶Z言實(shí)現(xiàn)該模式；8.使用PowerDesigner繪制適配器模式結(jié)構(gòu)圖并用面向?qū)ο缶幊陶Z言實(shí)現(xiàn)該模式；9.使用PowerDesigner繪制橋接模式結(jié)構(gòu)圖并用面向?qū)ο缶幊陶Z言實(shí)現(xiàn)該模式；10.使用PowerDesigner繪制組合模式結(jié)構(gòu)圖并用面向?qū)ο缶幊陶Z言實(shí)現(xiàn)該模式。四、試驗(yàn)匯報(bào)要求1.繪制實(shí)例場(chǎng)景類圖；2.提供簡(jiǎn)單工廠模式結(jié)構(gòu)圖及實(shí)當(dāng)代碼；3.提供工廠方法模式結(jié)構(gòu)圖及實(shí)當(dāng)代碼；4.提供抽象工廠模式結(jié)構(gòu)圖及實(shí)當(dāng)代碼；5.提供原型模式結(jié)構(gòu)圖及實(shí)當(dāng)代碼；6.提供單例模式結(jié)構(gòu)圖及實(shí)當(dāng)代碼；7.提供適配器模式結(jié)構(gòu)圖及實(shí)當(dāng)代碼；8.提供橋接模式結(jié)構(gòu)圖及實(shí)當(dāng)代碼；9.提供組合模式結(jié)構(gòu)圖及實(shí)當(dāng)代碼。五、試驗(yàn)結(jié)果使用PowerDesigner繪制類圖；用PowerDesigner和任意一個(gè)面向?qū)ο缶幊陶Z言實(shí)現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)單工廠模式、工廠方法模式、抽象工廠模式、原型模式、單例模式、適配器模式、橋接模式和組合模式，包含依照實(shí)例繪制模式結(jié)構(gòu)圖、編寫模式實(shí)當(dāng)代碼，運(yùn)行并測(cè)試模式實(shí)例代碼。(1)類圖某音像圖書出租企業(yè)欲開發(fā)一個(gè)音像圖書租賃信息系統(tǒng)，處理日常音像圖書租借業(yè)務(wù)。該系統(tǒng)將統(tǒng)計(jì)全部圖書信息、唱碟信息、用戶信息和用戶租借信息。現(xiàn)決定采取面向?qū)ο蠓治龊驮O(shè)計(jì)方法來開發(fā)此系統(tǒng)，經(jīng)過初步分析，設(shè)計(jì)人員定義了以下初始實(shí)體類：●Book（圖書）類屬性：no（編號(hào)）、title（標(biāo)題）、author（作者）、isbn（書號(hào)）、press（出版社）、price（價(jià)格）。方法：每個(gè)屬性get()方法和set()方法?！馜isc（唱碟）類屬性：no（編號(hào)）、title（標(biāo)題）、singer（歌手）、producer（制作企業(yè)）、price（價(jià)格）。方法：每個(gè)屬性get()方法和set()方法。●Customer（客戶）類屬性：cno（客戶編號(hào)）、name（姓名）、address（地址）、tel（電話）。方法：每個(gè)屬性get()方法和set()方法?！馤oanItem（可租項(xiàng)目）類統(tǒng)計(jì)Book和Disc共有屬性和方法?！馬entHistory（租借歷史統(tǒng)計(jì)）類屬性：rno（歷史統(tǒng)計(jì)編號(hào)）、hireTime（出租時(shí)間）、returnTime（償還時(shí)間）、cno（客戶編號(hào)）、no（租借圖書或唱碟編號(hào)）、deposit（押金金額）。方法：每個(gè)屬性get()方法和set()方法。在深入分析之后，需要在LoanItem類中定義一個(gè)集合來存放每一個(gè)圖書或唱碟全部租借歷史統(tǒng)計(jì)。依照以上信息，繪制對(duì)應(yīng)實(shí)體類類圖。(2)簡(jiǎn)單工廠模式使用簡(jiǎn)單工廠模式設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)能夠創(chuàng)建不一樣幾何形狀(Shape)繪圖工具類，如可創(chuàng)建圓形(Circle)、方形(Rectangle)和三角形(Triangle)對(duì)象，每個(gè)幾何圖形都要有繪制draw()和擦除erase()兩個(gè)方法，要求在繪制不支持幾何圖形時(shí)，提醒一個(gè)UnsupportedShapeException，繪制類圖并編程實(shí)現(xiàn)。//抽象圖形interfaceShape{ voiddraw(); voiderase();}classCircleimplementsShape{ publicvoiddraw() { System.out.println("Circledrawing!"); } publicvoiderase() { System.out.println("Circleeraseing!"); } }classRectangleimplementsShape{ publicvoiddraw() { System.out.println("Rectangledrawing!"); } publicvoiderase() { System.out.println("Rectangleeraseing!"); } }classTriangleimplementsShape{ publicvoiddraw() { System.out.println("Triangledrawing!"); } publicvoiderase() { System.out.println("Triangleeraseing!"); } }//工廠classShapeFactory{ //工廠方法factorymethod publicstaticShapeproduceShape(StringshapeName)throwsUnsupportedShapeException { if(shapeName.equalsIgnoreCase("circle")) { returnnewCircle(); } elseif(shapeName.equalsIgnoreCase("rectangle")) { returnnewRectangle(); } elseif(shapeName.equalsIgnoreCase("triangle")) { returnnewTriangle(); } else { thrownewUnsupportedShapeException(); } }}classUnsupportedShapeExceptionextendsException{ publicStringtoString(){ return"繪制不支持該幾何圖形！"; } }classShapeClient{ publicstaticvoidmain(Stringa[]) { Shapecircle=null; try{ circle=ShapeFduceShape("circle"); }catch(UnsupportedShapeExceptione){ e.printStackTrace(); } circle.draw(); circle.erase(); Shapetriangle=null; try{ triangle=ShapeFduceShape("triangle"); }catch(UnsupportedShapeExceptione){ e.printStackTrace(); } triangle.draw(); triangle.erase(); }}(3)工廠方法模式海爾工廠(Haier)生產(chǎn)海爾空調(diào)(HaierAirCondition)，美工廠(Midea)生產(chǎn)美空調(diào)(MideaAirCondition)。使用工廠方法模式描述該場(chǎng)景，繪制類圖并編程實(shí)現(xiàn)。interfaceAirCondition{ voidwork();}interfaceAirConditionFactory{ AirConditionproduceAirCondition();}classHaierAirConditionimplementsAirCondition{ publicvoidwork() { System.out.println("HaierAirConditionworking!"); }}classMideaAirConditionimplementsAirCondition{ publicvoidwork() { System.out.println("MideaAirConditionworking!"); }}classHaierAirConditionFactoryimplementsAirConditionFactory{ publicHaierAirConditionproduceAirCondition() { System.out.println("HaierAirConditionproduced!"); returnnew HaierAirCondition(); }}classMideaAirConditionFactoryimplementsAirConditionFactory{ publicMideaAirConditionproduceAirCondition() { System.out.println("MideaAirConditionproduced!"); returnnew MideaAirCondition(); }}classAirConditionClient{ publicstaticvoidmain(Stringa[]) { AirConditionFactorycf; AirConditionairCondition;cf=(AirConditionFactory)XMLUtil.getBean();airCondition=duceAirCondition();airCondition.work(); }}(4)抽象工廠模式電腦配件生產(chǎn)工廠生產(chǎn)內(nèi)存、CPU等硬件設(shè)備，這些內(nèi)存、CPU品牌、型號(hào)并不一定相同，依照下面“產(chǎn)品等級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)-產(chǎn)品族”示意圖，使用抽象工廠模式實(shí)現(xiàn)電腦配件生產(chǎn)過程并繪制對(duì)應(yīng)類圖，繪制類圖并編程實(shí)現(xiàn)。interfaceCPU{ voiddiscribe();}interfaceRAM{ voiddiscribe();}classPcCPUimplementsCPU{ publicvoiddiscribe() { System.out.println("PcCPU"); }}classMacCPUimplementsCPU{ publicvoiddiscribe() { System.out.println("MacCPU"); }}classPcRAMimplementsRAM{ publicvoiddiscribe() { System.out.println("PcRAM"); }}classMacRAMimplementsRAM{ publicvoiddiscribe() { System.out.println("MacRAM"); }}interfaceComputerPartsFactory{ CPUproduceCPU(); RAMproduceRAM();}classPcFactoryimplementsComputerPartsFactory{ publicPcCPUproduceCPU(){ System.out.println("PcCPUproduced!"); returnnewPcCPU(); } publicPcRAMproduceRAM(){ System.out.println("PcRAMproduced!"); returnnewPcRAM(); }}classMacFactoryimplementsComputerPartsFactory{ publicMacCPUproduceCPU(){ System.out.println("MacCPUproduced!"); returnnewMacCPU(); } publicMacRAMproduceRAM(){ System.out.println("MacRAMproduced!"); returnnewMacRAM(); }}classComputerPartsClient{ publicstaticvoidmain(Stringa[]) { ComputerPartsFactoryfactory; CPUcpu; RAMram; factory=(ComputerPartsFactory)XMLUtil.getBean(); cpu=duceCPU(); cpu.discribe();ram=duceRAM();ram.discribe(); }}(5)原型模式設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)客戶類Customer，其中客戶地址存放在地址類Address中，用淺克隆和深克隆分別實(shí)現(xiàn)Customer對(duì)象復(fù)制并比較這兩種克隆方式異同。繪制類圖并編程實(shí)現(xiàn)。classAddressimplementsSerializable{publicvoiddisplayAddress(){ System.out.println("address...");}}//淺克隆Customer類classCustomerimplementsCloneable{ privateAddressaddress=null; publicAddressgetAddress(){ returnaddress; } publicvoidsetAddress(Addressaddress){ this.address=address; } publicObjectclone() { Customerclone=null; try { clone=(Customer)super.clone(); }catch(CloneNotSupportedExceptione){ System.out.println("Clonefailure!");} returnclone; } }//深克隆Customer類classCustomerDeepCloneimplementsCloneable,Serializable{ privateAddressaddress=null; publicAddressgetAddress(){ returnaddress; } publicvoidsetAddress(Addressaddress){ this.address=address; } publicObjectclone() { Customerclone=null; try { //使用流來進(jìn)行處理 ByteArrayOutputStreambao=newByteArrayOutputStream(); ObjectOutputStreamoos=newObjectOutputStream(bao); oos.writeObject(this); ByteArrayInputStreambis=newByteArrayInputStream(bao.toByteArray()); ObjectInputStreamois=newObjectInputStream(bis); return(ois.readObject()); }catch(IOExceptione){ e.printStackTrace(); }catch(ClassNotFoundExceptione){ e.printStackTrace(); } returnclone; }}classCustomerClient{ publicstaticvoidmain(Stringa[]) { Customercustomer=newCustomer(); customer.setAddress(newAddress()); CustomercopyCustomer=(Customer)customer.clone(); System.out.println("customer==copyCustomer?"); System.out.println(customer==copyCustomer); System.out.println("customer.getAddress==copyCustomer.getAddress?"); System.out.println(customer.getAddress()==copyCustomer.getAddress()); CustomerDeepClonecustomerDeepClone=newCustomerDeepClone(); customerDeepClone.setAddress(newAddress()); CustomerDeepClonecopyCustomerDeepClone=(CustomerDeepClone)customerDeepClone.clone(); System.out.println("customerDeepClone==copyCustomerDeepClone?"); System.out.println(customerDeepClone==copyCustomerDeepClone); System.out.println("customerDeepClone.getAddress==copyCustomerDeepClone.getAddress?"); System.out.println(customerDeepClone.getAddress()==copyCustomerDeepClone.getAddress()); }}運(yùn)行結(jié)果：(6)單例模式用懶漢式單例實(shí)現(xiàn)在某系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行時(shí)，其登錄界面類LoginForm只能夠彈出一個(gè)，假如第二次實(shí)例化該類則提醒“程序已運(yùn)行”。繪制類圖并編程實(shí)現(xiàn)。classLoginFormextendsJFrame{ privatestaticLoginFormuniqueInstance=null; privateLoginForm() { //設(shè)置標(biāo)題 this.setTitle("LoginForm"); this.setSize(400,300); //設(shè)置關(guān)閉按鈕事件 this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE); //設(shè)置是否可見 this.setVisible(true); } publicstaticLoginFormgetInstance() { if(uniqueInstance==null) { uniqueInstance=newLoginForm(); }else{ JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"LoginFrame已經(jīng)在運(yùn)行！"); } returnuniqueInstance; }}classLoginFormClient{ publicstaticvoidmain(Stringa[]) { LoginForms1=null,s2=null; s1=LoginForm.getInstance(); s2=LoginForm.getInstance(); System.out.println("s1==s2?"); System.out.println(s1==s2); }}運(yùn)行結(jié)果：(7)適配器模式現(xiàn)有一個(gè)接口DataOperation定義了排序方法sort(int[])和查找方法search(int[],int)，已知類QuickSortquickSort(int[])方法實(shí)現(xiàn)了快速排序算法，類BinarySearchbinarySearch(int[],int)方法實(shí)現(xiàn)了二分查找算法。現(xiàn)使用適配器模式設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)系統(tǒng)，在不修改源代碼情況下將類QuickSort和類BinarySearch方法適配到DataOperation接口中。繪制類圖并編程實(shí)現(xiàn)。（要求實(shí)現(xiàn)快速排序和二分查找）interfaceDataOperation{ voidsort(int[]list); intsearch(int[]list,intnumber);}classQuickSort{ publicint[]quickSort(int[]num){ returnsort(num,0,num.length-1); } privateint[]sort(int[]num,intleft,intright){ if(left<right){ //將第一個(gè)數(shù)作為參考軸 ints=num[left]; inti=left; intj=right+1; while(true){ //從左向右找，直到找到比S大數(shù) while(i+1<num.length&&num[++i]<s); //從右向左找，直到找到比S小數(shù) while(j-1>-1&&num[--j]>s); //此時(shí)假如i>=j，則說明已交叉，跳出該永久循環(huán) if(i>=j){ break; } //不然假如i<=j，則交換下標(biāo)為i和下標(biāo)為j兩元素值 swap(num,i,j); } //比把S小數(shù)放到下標(biāo)為left處 num[left]=num[j]; //最終將軸S置于比它小和比它大兩組數(shù)之間 num[j]=s; //對(duì)S左右兩側(cè)分別再次使用快速排序 sort(num,left,j-1); sort(num,j+1,right); } returnnum; } privatevoidswap(int[]num,inti,intj){ intt; t=num[i]; num[i]=num[j]; num[j]=t; }}classBinarySearch{ publicintbinarySearch(int[]num,intx){ intlow=0; inthigh=num.length-1; while(low<=high){ //此時(shí)拋出ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException異常.. intmid=low+(high-low)/2; intmidVal=num[mid]; if(x>midVal){ low=mid+1; }elseif(x<midVal){ high=mid-1; }else{ returnmid; } } return-1;//沒找到元素x }}classDataOperationAdapterimplementsDataOperation{ QuickSortquickSort=newQuickSort(); BinarySearchbinarySearch=newBinarySearch(); @Override publicintsearch(int[]list,intnumber){ returnbinarySearch.binarySearch(list,number); } @Override publicvoidsort(int[]list){ quickSort.quickSort(list); } }classDataOperationClient{ publicstaticvoidmain(Stringa[]) { DataOperationoperation=(DataOperation)XMLUtil.getBean(); int[]list={1,3,56,23,54,86,43,57,88,56,82,90}; System.out.println("Listbeforesort:"); for(inti=0;i<list.length;i++){ System.out.print(list[i]+""); } operation.sort(list); System.out.println("\nListaftersort:"); for(inti=0;i<list.length;i++){ System.out.print(list[i]+""); } intnumber=43; intindex=operation.search(list,number); System.out.println("\nSearchfor:"+number+",Positionis:"+index); }}運(yùn)行結(jié)果：(8)橋接模式空客(Airbus)、波音(Boeing)和麥道(McDonnell-Douglas)都是飛機(jī)制造商，它們都生產(chǎn)載客飛機(jī)(PassengerPlane)和載貨飛機(jī)(CargoPlane)?，F(xiàn)在需要設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)系統(tǒng)，描述這些飛機(jī)制造商以及它們所制造飛機(jī)種類，繪制類圖并編程實(shí)現(xiàn)。abstractclassAirPlaneManufacturer{ privateAirPlaneairPlane; publicvoidsetAirPlane(AirPlanenewAirPlane){ this.airPlane=newAirPlane; } abstractvoidproduce();}classAirbusextendsAirPlaneManufacturer{ voidproduce(){ System.out.println("Airbus企業(yè)制造"); }}classBoeingextendsAirPlaneManufacturer{ voidproduce(){ System.out.println("Boeing企業(yè)制造"); }}classMcDonnellDouglasextendsAirPlaneManufacturer{ voidproduce(){ System.out.println("McDonnell-Douglas企業(yè)制造"); }}interfaceAirPlane{ voidfly();}classPassengerPlaneimplementsAirPlane{ publicvoidfly(){ System.out.println("客機(jī)正在飛行！"); }}classCargoPlaneimplementsAirPlane{ publicvoidfly(){ System.out.println("貨機(jī)正在飛行！"); }}classBridgePatternClient{ publicstaticvoidmain(Stringa[]) { AirPlaneairPlane; airPlane=(AirPlane)XMLUtilPen.getBean("plane"); AirPlaneManufacturerplaneFactory; planeFactory=(AirPlaneManufacturer)XMLUtilPen.getBean("factory"); planeFactory.setAirPlane(airPlane); planeFduce(); airPlane.fly(); }}運(yùn)行結(jié)果：(9)組合模式使用組合模式設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)殺毒軟件(AntiVirus)框架，該軟件既能夠?qū)δ硞€(gè)文件夾(Folder)殺毒，也能夠?qū)δ硞€(gè)指定文件(File)進(jìn)行殺毒，文件種類包含文本文件TextFile、圖片文件ImageFile、音頻視頻文件MediaFile。繪制類圖并編程實(shí)現(xiàn)。interfaceAbstractElement{ publicvoiddisplay();}classImageFileimplementsAbstractElement{ privateStringfilename; publicImageFile(Stringfilename) { this.filename=filename; } publicvoiddisplay() { System.out.println("Imagefile"+filename+"iskillingvirus!"); }}classTextFileimplementsAbstractElement{ privateStringfilename; publicTextFile(Stringfilename) { this.filename=filename; } publicvoiddisplay() { System.out.println("Textfile"+filename+"iskillingvirus!"); }}classMediaFileimplementsAbstractElement{ privateStringfilename; publicMediaFile(Stringfilename) { thi