關(guān)于高三英語的知識點(diǎn)補(bǔ)充

一、非謂語動詞

“非謂語動詞”可分為動詞不定式、動名詞和分詞.它在（句子）中的作用許多：除了不作謂語外,它可以充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語與復(fù)合賓語(主語補(bǔ)語或賓語補(bǔ)語).有些及物動詞后面接不帶to的不定式作復(fù)合賓語.這些動詞歸納如下：一感(feel).二聽(hear,listento),三讓(have,1et,make),四看(see,watCh,notice,observe).再加上helpsomebody(to)dosomething和美國英語lookatsomebodydosomthing.還有“二讓”屬特別：getsomebodytodosomething與keepsomebodydoing.而有些及物動詞后面接動名詞(the-ingform)作賓語.這些動詞歸納為一句話：PapaCmakesfriends.這是由如下動詞的開頭字母組成：permit,advise,practise,avoid,consider,mind,allow,keep,enjoy,suggest,finish,risk,imagine,escape,need,delay,stand(忍受).為了簡單記住,也可以編成（順口溜）：“允許完成練習(xí),建議避開冒險(xiǎn),考慮延期逃跑,喜愛保持想象,需要反對忍受”.其相對應(yīng)的動詞依次是：permit/allow,finish,practise;

advise/suggest,avoid,risk：consider,delay,escape/miss;enjoy/appreciate,keep,imagine;need/want/require,mind.canthelp/can’tstand.

二、復(fù)合句

1、學(xué)生最簡單混淆的是定語從句與同位語從句的區(qū)分.

例如：A、Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthematchistrue.(同位語從句)

B、Thenewsthathetoldussurprisedeverybodyhere.(定語從句)

關(guān)鍵的區(qū)分在于連接或關(guān)系代詞that：有意義的是定語,無意義的是同位.由于引導(dǎo)定語從句的that在從句中作主語或賓語,而引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that只起到連接詞的作用.

2、接著簡單混淆的是引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞that與which：that之前是不定(代詞)、序數(shù)(詞)、(形容詞)級：which之前是介詞（短語）與逗號(非限制性).

例如：A、Allthatwehavetodoistopractiseeveryday.

B、ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.

C、Ihavelostmypen,whichIlikeverymuch.

D、Thehouseinfrontofwhichthereisagardenismyhome.

三、It的用法

1、It除了代替人和物以外,還可以作形式主語.而真正的主語(不定式、動名詞或從句)則放于謂語或表語之后.

例如：Itisnoreasytofinishtheworkintwodays.

然而有少數(shù)表語之后接動名詞作真正的主語.這些表語是：無助(nohelp)、無用(nouse)、沒好處(nogood);工作(hardwork)、費(fèi)時(shí)(awasteoftime)、又危急(adanger).

例如：A、Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.

B、Itisawasteoftimewaitingforhim.

2、It還可以作形式賓語.通常以下動詞后面可接it作形式賓語：2f2tcjm(find,feel,think,take,consider,judge,make).

例如：A、Hemadeitclearthathewasnotinterestedinthissubject.

B、Ithinkitnousearguingwithhim.

3、It用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句式.要強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的某一局部(主語、賓語、狀語),可以把it當(dāng)作先行詞.這種句子的構(gòu)造是：Itis(was)+被強(qiáng)調(diào)局部+that(who)+句子的其余局部.

例如：A、ItiSProfessorLinwhoteachesusEnglish—(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語)

B、ItwasinShanghaithatlsawthefilm.—(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語)

C、Itwasin1990thatIworkedinthefactory.(同上)

但要留意與定語從句的區(qū)分.

例如：D、Itwas1990whenIworkedinthefactory.(定語從句)

在強(qiáng)調(diào)句式里,我們把強(qiáng)調(diào)構(gòu)造Itis(was)…that除去,句子還很完整.如例句C.而例句D就不能.

四、倒裝構(gòu)造

學(xué)生簡單混淆的是全部倒裝與局部倒裝.如何區(qū)分之,編個(gè)順口溜：副(adv.)介(prep.)提前全倒裝,（其它）句式局部倒;否認(rèn)提前倒助動,讓步狀語倒表語;復(fù)合句式倒主句,不

倒裝的屬特別.下面舉例說明：

A、Herecomesthebus.(副詞提前,全倒裝)

B、Herehecomes.(代詞作主語,不倒裝)

C、Infrontofthehouseliesagarden.(介詞短語提前,全倒裝)

D、NevershallIdothisagain.(否認(rèn)詞提前,局部倒裝)

E、Youngasheis,heknowsalot.(讓步狀語從句,表語倒裝)

F、OnlywhenhetoldmedidIrealizewhattroublehewasin.(only修飾狀語,主句倒裝)

G、Onlyhecansavethepatient.(only修飾主語.不倒裝)

H、Notonlywillhelpbegiventopeople,butalsomedicaltreatmentwillbeprovided.(否認(rèn)詞提前,局部倒裝)

I、Notonlyhebutalsowelikesports.(連接兩個(gè)主語,不倒裝)

五、虛擬語氣

虛擬語氣也是一個(gè)難點(diǎn).所謂虛擬語氣是表示說話人的愿望、假設(shè)、猜想或建議,而不表示客觀存在的事實(shí).它通過句子的謂語動詞的特別形式來表示.現(xiàn)歸納如下：純假設(shè),用虛擬,動詞時(shí)態(tài)退一級：條件句,分主從,主句謂語前加would(should,could,might);表愿望,用虛擬,wish后面接賓語(從句)：現(xiàn)在過去與將來,動詞時(shí)態(tài)退一級：提建議,用虛擬,賓語(從句)動詞用(should)do：倆建議,三要求,再加堅(jiān)持與命令(suggest,advise,demand,require,request,insist,order)：Itistime和eoukdrather,后接叢句用虛擬：局部主語從句中,謂語用虛擬構(gòu)造(Itisnecessry/important/natural/natural/strange/strangethat……shoulddo).下面舉例說明：

A、Ifyoucametomorrow,wewouldhavethemetting.(條件句虛擬)

B、Withoutair,therewouldbenolivingthings.(同上)

C、Wewishwehadarrivedtheretwohoursearlier.(表示愿望虛擬)

D、Hedemandedthatwe(should)startrightaway.(表示建議虛擬)

E、Itis(high)timethatweleft(shouldleave)now.(特別從句虛擬)

F、Iwouldratheryougavemethebook.(同上)

G、Itisnecessarythatweshouldcleantheroomeveryday,(主語從句虛擬)

H、HespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifhewereEnglish.(特別從句虛擬)

高三英語學(xué)問點(diǎn)補(bǔ)充2

themostcommonlyusedandsimplestholidaygreetingsare,asyoumightexpect:

1.happynewyear!

2.bestwishesforahappynewyear.

3.mayyournewyearstartoutjoyful!

4.goodfortuneandsuccessinthenewyear!

5.maytheseasonsjoystaywithyouallyearround!

6.mayjoyandhappinesssurroundyoutodayandalways!

7.eventhoughwereapart,youreinmyheartthisnewyearsseason.

8.wishingyoupeace,joyandhappinessthroughoutthecomingyear.

thentheygetmorecomplicated:

1.maythewarmestofwishes,happiestofthoughtsandfriendliestofgreetingscometoyouandstaywithyouthroughouttheyear.

2.wishingyouaholidayseasonfilledwithjoy,andallthehappythingsinlife.

3.iwaslookingoutthewindowsthinkingaboutthepersonicaremostaboutandthepersonthatcametomindwasyou,soiwanttowishyouahappynewyear.

4.anotheryearhascometoanend.anditsnicetohaveafriendlikeyoutomakemyeverydaysogreat.thankyoumydearfriend.

5.whenagreetingcomesfromafaryoucanthearthewishesandcantseethesmile,butyoucansensethecarethattrulycomesfromtheheart.happynewyear.

6.everyonesaystheearthissuchahugeplace.so,withthosebillionsandbillionsofpeopleandall,ibelieveitsamiraclethatigottoknowyou!

7.ifiwereinheaven,idwriteyournameoneverystarforalltoseejusthowmuchyoumeantome.

8.rememberthatthereisalwayssomeonethinkingofyouatnewyear,whetheryougetthemessageornot.

9.aspecialsmile,aspecialface.aspecialsomeoneicantreplace.aspecialhug,frommetoyou.aspecialfriendship,ivefoundinyou...happynewyear,mydearfriend.

incaseyoureusingamobilephone,thereareshortformsforcertainwordsthatcansavetimeandputsomecutenessinyourmessage.forexample,xmasforchristmas,rforare,uforyou,nyfornewyear,cforseeand4forfour.

高三英語學(xué)問點(diǎn)補(bǔ)充3

一、一般過去將來時(shí)

1.概念：立足于過去某一時(shí)刻，從過去看將來，常用于