.個(gè)人收集整理_僅供參考學(xué)習(xí).個(gè)人收集整理_僅供參考學(xué)習(xí)#/14第十九講習(xí)語(yǔ)翻譯Lecture19Idioms一、Idioms的定義：廣義的idioms包括：1.setphrase短語(yǔ)，2.proverbs諺語(yǔ)，3.sayings俗語(yǔ),4.epigrams警句，5.slang俚語(yǔ)，6.colloquialisms口語(yǔ)，7.quotations名言/語(yǔ)錄，8.two-partallegoricalsayings寓言9.allusions典故個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途漢語(yǔ)中包括：1.成語(yǔ)setphrases， 2.諺語(yǔ)proverbs，3.俗語(yǔ)colloquialism,4.歇后語(yǔ)allegoricalsaying個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途二、英語(yǔ)idioms的來(lái)源FromtheBible圣經(jīng)故事Castpearlsbeforeswine對(duì)牛彈琴；白費(fèi)好意這個(gè)成語(yǔ)源自《新約。馬太福音》第7章：“Givenotthatwhichisholyuntothedogs,neithercastyeyourpearlsbeforeswine,lesttheytramplethemundertheirfeet,andturnagainandrendyou”.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途Don,tyouseethewritingonthewall?難道你沒(méi)有看出大難臨頭了嗎？（writingonthewall意為“不詳之兆”，典出《舊約全書》）個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途Fromthefables寓言故事VeperandFile出自《伊索寓言》，說(shuō)的是一條蝰蛇（Viper）發(fā)現(xiàn)一把鐵銼（File）,以為是一頓美餐。但鐵銼說(shuō)，它的天職是咬別人，而不是被別人咬。后人借此比喻“騙人者反受人騙”，漢譯時(shí)要作直譯或意譯處理。個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途killthegoosetogettheeggs,源于希臘寓言，說(shuō)的是曾有一個(gè)鄉(xiāng)下人，因?yàn)榘l(fā)財(cái)心切殺死了自己飼養(yǎng)的那只能下金蛋的鵝,以為如此就可一次獲得全部想象中的金塊,但其結(jié)果一無(wú)所獲。個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途Fromfairytales神話故事：raincatsanddogs,源于北歐神話，貓對(duì)天氣有很大影響，英國(guó)水手至今說(shuō)：“貓尾巴藏大風(fēng)”。據(jù)說(shuō)駕暴風(fēng)雨的巫士化為貓形。狗是風(fēng)的信號(hào),狗和狼都是暴風(fēng)雨神奧丁的隨從。在德國(guó)古畫中,風(fēng)被畫成狗頭和狼頭。因此，貓被年作暴雨的象征，狗是伴隨暴雨的強(qiáng)風(fēng)，toraincatsanddogs就是torainheavily/hard,漢譯便為“下傾盆大到雨”。個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途Analthea,shorn,漢譯常為“豐饒的羊角”。阿瑪爾忒亞（Amalthea）,希臘祖籍中一神女，是宙斯（Zeus為主神，相當(dāng)于羅馬神話中的朱庇特Jupiter）的保姆。嬰兒時(shí)宙斯由神女阿瑪爾忒亞喂以羊乳。為了感思,宙斯敲下一羊角送給她。許諾讓羊角主人永遠(yuǎn)豐饒。個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途theswordofDamocles達(dá)摩克利斯的劍，臨頭的危險(xiǎn)（希臘神話，廷臣達(dá)摩克利斯羨慕國(guó)王狄奧尼修斯的國(guó)王生活,國(guó)王于是用一根頭發(fā)將一把到件劍懸掛在王位上,讓達(dá)摩克利斯坐在上面）個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途4。Fromhistoryallusion/legend歷史典故傳說(shuō)burnone,sboats（bridges）,此成語(yǔ)中的bridges為美國(guó)人所使用，原指古羅馬朱力斯?凱撒大軍乘船越過(guò)Rubicon后就把船燒了，以此向士兵指明后路已斷，不可能后退。現(xiàn)借用來(lái)比喻“不留后路，下定決心干到底”,同漢語(yǔ)的“破釜沉舟“。個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途Leavenostoneunturned,相傳公元前447年波斯獎(jiǎng)軍馬多尼奧斯在希臘的普拉蒂亞兵敗被殺后，留下一大批財(cái)寶在軍帳里。底比斯的波利克拉特斯搜尋卻一無(wú)所獲,請(qǐng)示德爾斐神諭后知道要“翻轉(zhuǎn)所有的石頭”,最后找到了財(cái)寶?，F(xiàn)借此比喻想方設(shè)法等,漢譯為“千方百計(jì),想盡辦法”個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途3）aSpartanlook簡(jiǎn)樸的;艱苦的（古希臘斯巴達(dá)人以簡(jiǎn)樸和不畏艱辛著稱）4）aTrojanHorse內(nèi)奸,暗藏之?dāng)?)theheelofAchilles致命的弱點(diǎn)6)GordianKnot難題；僵局haveanaxetogrind別有用心，另有企圖5.Fromliteratureworks文學(xué)作品：SimonLegree”殘暴之徒，尖酸刻薄、好吹毛求疵的人”SimonLegree是美國(guó)女作家斯陀夫人所著《湯姆大伯的小屋》一書中管黑奴的工頭，此人既兇狠又尖酸刻薄，將心地善良的湯姆大伯活活打死。個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途Lifeisbutanemptydream，其漢譯為“人生如夢(mèng)”。源于美國(guó)詩(shī)人Longfellow的詩(shī)文個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途asbusyasabee(FromChaucer'sCanterburyTales)個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途4)Catch-22situation不可逾越的障礙(源自美國(guó)作家約瑟夫?赫勒的小說(shuō)Catch-22)6.Fromsocialcustom社會(huì)風(fēng)俗個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途afeatherinyourcap,漢譯為“值得榮耀的事、榮譽(yù)”。源于廣泛流行于亞洲和美洲印第安人當(dāng)中的一種風(fēng)俗：每殺死一個(gè)敵人就在頭飾或帽子上加插一根羽毛，以此來(lái)顯示戰(zhàn)績(jī)與榮譽(yù)。個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途haveaballatone'sfoot,漢譯為“有成功的機(jī)會(huì)”，源于足球運(yùn)動(dòng)。Whenyouaredown,youarenotnecessarilyout.遇到挫折，并不一定喪失成功的機(jī)會(huì)。(拳擊規(guī)則，被擊倒還有10秒可爬起來(lái))個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途三、漢語(yǔ)成語(yǔ)的分類：1．聯(lián)合式：山盟海誓,粗枝大葉,昂首闊步,2．動(dòng)賓式：為所欲為,聞所未聞,3．主謂式：盛氣凌人,想入非非,心懷叵測(cè),忠心耿耿,自慚形穢,4．偏正式：泰然自若,洋洋得意(得意洋洋),小心翼翼,半途而廢,奮不顧身,泰然處之,5．連動(dòng)式：投筆從戎,見異思遷,挖肉補(bǔ)瘡,觸類旁通,無(wú)地自容,6．兼語(yǔ)式：引狼入室,調(diào)虎離山,7．緊縮式：膾炙人口聯(lián)合結(jié)構(gòu)：不學(xué)無(wú)術(shù),四、Idioms的翻譯方法：直譯法：按原語(yǔ)字面意義翻譯(異化譯法)killtwobirdswithonestone一石雙鳥Forbiddenfruitissweet.禁果格外香。Friendsarethievesoftime.朋友是時(shí)間的竊賊。Truthisthedaughteroftime.真理是時(shí)間的女兒。Oneswallowdoesnotmakeasummer.一燕不成夏。1)薛蟠也來(lái)上學(xué)，不過(guò)是三日打魚，兩日曬網(wǎng)。XuePanenrolledasastudent.Buthewaslikethefishermanwhofishesforthreedaysandthensunshisnetfortwo”…個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途2)他對(duì)鄉(xiāng)里的情況，了如指掌。Hekneweverythingaboutthetownshiplikethebackofhishand.個(gè)人收■集整理勿做商業(yè)用途3)旁邊一人鼓掌大笑曰：“此事易如反掌，何必多議？” (《三國(guó)演義》)Thenoneofthoseabouthimsuddenlyclappedhishands,crying,It,saseasyasturningoverone'shand!Whysomuchtalk?”個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途1^|||||||||||^^^|^^|^^^^^|^^^^^^4)他這一去如石沉大海，再無(wú)消息。Heleftlikeastonedroppedintotheseaandhasneverbeenheardof.］個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途1|||^^^^^^^||^||^^!這工作花了我九牛二虎之力。Theworkcostmethestrengthofninebullsandtwotigers.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途7)中國(guó)有句古話是這樣說(shuō)的：“山不在高，有仙則名；水不在深，有龍則靈。”AnancientChinesesayinggoesthat“Anymountaincanbefamouswiththepresenceofanimmortal,andanyrivercanbeholywiththepresenceofadragon.”個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途山不在高，有仙則名"Nomatterhowhighthemountainis,itsnamewillspreadfarandwideifthereisafairy;"個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途城門失火，殃及池魚。Afireonthecitywallbringsdisastertothefishinthemoat.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途木已成舟Thewoodisalreadymadeintoaboat.10)十年樹木，百年樹人。Ittakestenyearstogrowtrees,butonehundredyearstorearpeople.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途Ittakesthreegenerationstomakeagentleman.(套譯)個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途畫餅充饑todrawacaketosatisfyone,shunger犬馬之勞toservelikeadogorahorse聲東擊西toshoutintheeastandstrikeinthewest刻骨銘心tobeengravedonone,sheartandbones井底之蛙tobelikeafrogatthebottomofawell調(diào)虎離山tolurethetigerfromthemountain口蜜腹劍tobehoney-mouthedanddagger-hearted意譯法1)Thereisaskeletoninthecupboard.家家有本難念的經(jīng)。(thefamilyskeleton/theskeletoninthecupboard家丑)個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途2)Thedieiscast.木已成舟。3)Experiencemustbebought.吃一塹，長(zhǎng)一智。5)Letthecatoutofthebag.泄漏天機(jī)。6)Putthecartbeforethehorse.本末倒置。7)Theeyeisbiggerthanthebelly.貪多嚼不爛。8)WhenGreekmeetsGreek,thencomesthetugofwar.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途兩雄相爭(zhēng),其斗必烈。/張飛殺岳飛，殺得滿天飛9)getthesack(Tobedismissedfromajob，tobetoldtoleaveyourjob)解雇個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途Hegotthesackwhentheyfoundoutthathe'dliedabouthisqualifications.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途Afteronly2weeksshewasgiventhesackforbeingrudetoacustomer.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途takeaFrenchleave不辭而別 breaktheice打破僵局(沉默、拘束)個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途drivepigtothemarket鼾聲如雷 undertherose，秘密地、私下地個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途baker,sdozen一打零一、十三 keepone,snosedowntothegrindstone埋頭苦干個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途1)他把老謝的話一五一十告訴了鄧秀梅。HerecountedeverythingLaoXiehadsaidindetailtoDengXiumei.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途2)你要有個(gè)三長(zhǎng)兩短，我也不想活了.Ifanythingshouldhappentoyou,Idon,twanttolive.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途3)木已成舟，也只好如此了。Wha木sdoneisdone,andcan'tbeundone.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途4)“你真是不到黃河心不死”，她低聲說(shuō),無(wú)可奈何地?fù)u搖頭。(《寒夜》)"Youreallydorefusetogiveuntilallhopeisgone.”Shemurmured,shakingherhead個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途helplessly6)我對(duì)他簡(jiǎn)直佩服得五體投地。Isimplyadmirehimfromthebottomofmyheart.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途7)你這人真是“狗嘴里長(zhǎng)不出象牙”。Afilthymouthcannotutterdecentlanguage.Youarereallysuchaperson.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途8)他初出茅廬，沒(méi)有什么經(jīng)驗(yàn)。Heisagreenhand.9)禍兮福所依，福兮禍所伏fortuneormisfortunemayleadtotheopposite個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途(直譯：misfortunesmaypromisefortuneswhilefortunesmaypromisemisfortunes)個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途兩袖清風(fēng)toremainuncorrupted望子成龍toexpectone'ssontobecomeagreatpersonage個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途3.借譯(套譯)法：套用目的語(yǔ)現(xiàn)成的成語(yǔ)、諺語(yǔ)、熟語(yǔ)(歸化譯法)1)Everypotterpraiseshispot.王婆賣瓜，自賣自夸。9)holdawolfbytheears騎虎難下個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途2)Afterpraisingthewinetheysellusvinegar.掛羊頭賣狗肉10)hangbyahair千鈞一發(fā)3)tocastpearlsbeforeswine對(duì)牛彈琴/明珠投暗11)killtwobirdswithonestone一箭雙雕個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途4)killthegoosethatlaystheeggs沙雞取卵/竭澤而漁12)showtheclovenhoof露出馬腳個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途5)Sixofoneandhalfadozenoftheother半斤八兩13)aysixesandsevens亂七八糟、個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途6)Timetriesall.路遙知馬力，日久見人心。14)tolaughoffone,shead笑掉大牙個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途7)Itiseasytobewiseaftertheevent.事后諸葛亮好當(dāng)。8)Thepotcallsthekettleblack.五十步笑百步。15)Romeisnotbuiltinaday.冰凍三尺，非一日之寒。16)Toomuchknowledgemakesthehead62對(duì).學(xué)問(wèn)太多催人老/聰明的頭腦不長(zhǎng)毛。17)Twoiscompanybutthreeisnone,一■個(gè)和尚挑水喝，兩個(gè)和尚沒(méi)水喝。個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途18)Youcannoteatyourcakeandhaveit.魚與熊掌，不可得兼。19)Bejusttoall,buttrustnotall.害人之心不可有，防人之心不可無(wú)。個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途20)Foolsrushinwhereangelsfeartotread.初生牛犢不怕虎。個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途21)我沒(méi)有想到他對(duì)同志們的批評(píng)竟充耳不聞。Ididn,texpecthimtoturnadeafeartothecomrade,scriticism.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途22)又要馬兒好，又要馬兒不吃草.Youcan,teatyourcakeandhaveit!個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途23)難怪他數(shù)學(xué)那么好，他父母都是大學(xué)教授。“龍生龍，鳳生鳳，老鼠生兒打地洞”嘛!Nowonderheisgoodatmathshisparentsareprofessorsofmaths."Likefather,likeson."indeed.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途11|^^^^^^|^^^||||||^|^^|||1||酒后吐真言Truthliesatthebottomofadecanter./Inwinethereistruth.Winein,truthout.(三杯下肚，真話出口。 )個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途25)遺憾的是我們的呼吁如石沉大海。Itisregrettablethatourappealremainedadeadletter.。個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途三思而后行。Lookbeforeyouleap.(直譯：Thinktwiceandthendoit.)個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途吃一塹,長(zhǎng)一智afallinpit,againinwit;experienceteaches/Experiencemustbebought.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途27)不入虎穴，焉得虎子Nothingventure,nothinghave.有眼不識(shí)泰山Entertainanangelunawares. 良機(jī)勿失。Makehaywhilethesunshines.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途貪多嚼不爛。Theeyeisbiggerthanthebelly.如坐針氈likeafishoutofwater個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途過(guò)河拆橋kickdowntheladder 水中撈月tofishintheair個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途不辭而另takeaFrenchleave 洗心革面turnoveranewleaf個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途小題大做makeamountainoutofamolehill 赴湯蹈火gothroughfireandwater個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途木已成舟。Thedieiscast.(直譯：What,sdoneisdone.)鼾聲如雷drivepigtothemarket①Iheardyoudrivingyourpigstomarketlastnight個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途②“Thewholehouseshookwhenyoudroveyourpigstomarket,"Mrs.Leungsaidtoherhusband.“你打鼾時(shí)，整座房子都在晃動(dòng)?！绷禾珜?duì)丈夫說(shuō)。個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途洗耳恭聽allears①Goaheadandexplain,I'mallears.=Goaheadandexplain,Iamfullylistening.你解釋吧，我洗耳恭聽。個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途乳臭未干bewetbehindtheear沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的；無(wú)知的①Forgiveher,she'sstillwetbehindtheears!原諒她吧，她畢竟還不成熟老練。個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)左右為難/進(jìn)退維谷/騎虎難下/進(jìn)退兩難/無(wú)所適從/莫衷一是/腹背受敵betweenthedevilanddeepsea/betweentwofires/betweenScyllaandCharybdis/holdawolfbytheear/withone'sbacktothewall/stickinthemud個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途增補(bǔ)法：直譯加解釋:abullinachinashop公牛闖進(jìn)瓷器店一一肆意搗亂/一動(dòng)就闖禍toshedcrocodiletears流鱷魚眼淚 假慈悲Thebestfishswim(are)nearthebottom.好魚居水底一有價(jià)值的東西不能輕易得到。4)Fishbeginstostinkattheend.魚要腐爛頭先爛一上梁不正下梁歪。5)拔苗助長(zhǎng)trytohelptheshootsgrowbypullingthemupward—spoilthingsbyexcessiveenthusiasm個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途6)盲人瞎馬Ablindmanonablindhorse—rushingheadlongtodisaster.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途黃鼠狼給雞拜年Theweaselgoestopayhisrespecttothehen--notwiththebestofintention./Greekgift個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途意譯加解釋:1)throwinthesponge認(rèn)輸，投降(注：若拳擊運(yùn)動(dòng)員的副手把擦身用的海綿拋向空中，則表示這個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員認(rèn)輸因而不進(jìn)入下一輪比賽。)個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途2)pouroilontroubledwaters平息風(fēng)波，息事寧人(注：傳說(shuō)航海遇到風(fēng)浪時(shí)，若把油倒進(jìn)海里，可起到使海浪平息的作用。)個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途直意結(jié)合:初生牛犢不怕虎anewborncalfisn'tafraidofthetiger;ayoungsterisadaredevil2)磨刀不誤砍柴工sharpeningyourknifewon'twasteyourtimeforcuttingyourfaggot;preparationmayquickentheprocess個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途4)人不可貌相，海水不可斗量?don'tjudgeamanbyhisappearanceanddon'tmeasuretheseawithadouorbucket;hemaybemorecapablethanhelooks;amanmayhavemorepotentialthanyouknow個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途5)老馬識(shí)途?anoldhorserecognizesthewayback;anoldhandisagoodguide? 6)生姜還是老的辣oldgingerprovesmorepungent;anoldhandhasmoreexperience個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途不怕一萬(wàn)，就怕萬(wàn)一notafraidoftenthousandsbutafraidofaten-thousandth;alwayspreparedfortheunexpectedriskinamilliondoings;takeeverycarejustincase個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途為了意思完整而加詞：:1)Alittlepotissoonhot壺小易熱,量小易怒。Lockthestabledoorafterthehorseisstolen.亡羊補(bǔ)牢，為時(shí)已晚個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途Arollingstonegathersnomoss.滾石不生苔，轉(zhuǎn)業(yè)不聚財(cái)4)Everybirdlikesitsownnest.鳥愛(ài)自己的巢,人愛(ài)自己的家。5．減譯法個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途漢語(yǔ)中有許多語(yǔ)義重復(fù)的成語(yǔ)，重復(fù)部分省去不譯。如：打躬作揖、經(jīng)久耐用、鬼鬼祟祟(stealthily/sneak個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途around)、斷斷續(xù)續(xù)(disjointedly)、慌里慌張(beflustered)、糊里糊涂(confused)等。個(gè)人收集整理勿做商1)冷淡的陽(yáng)光照著他們愁眉苦臉和長(zhǎng)發(fā)白眼。Thecold,palesunlightfellontheirgloomyfaces,longhairandlusterlesseyes.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途2)忽然有人在牡丹亭畔，長(zhǎng)吁短嘆。Suddenlyheheardarustleinthepeonypavilionandsomeonesighingdeeply.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途，|||||||||||||||^^^^^^^|||3)“這斷子絕孫的阿Q!“遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地聽得小尼姑的帶哭的聲音。(魯迅《阿Q正傳》)“AhQ,mayyoudiesonless!”soundedthelittlenun,svoicetearfullyinthedistance.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途4)在長(zhǎng)期的革命歷程中，個(gè)民主當(dāng)派與中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨同呼吸共命運(yùn)。IntheprotractedprocessoftheChineserevolution,thevariousdemocraticpartiesshardacommonfatewiththeChineseCommunistParty.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途5)那條小徑曲曲折折通向山頂。Thepathzigzagsupthehill.6)創(chuàng)一溜服務(wù)，迎四海佳賓。Firstclassservicetoallguests.("Welcomingourhonoredguestsfromallovertheworldwiththefirst-classservice.)個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途粗枝大葉careless/carelessly,南腔北調(diào)amixedaccent狼吞虎咽towolfsthdown,同心同德withonemind,清規(guī)戒律taboos/regulations,驚心動(dòng)魄soul-stirring,個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途五、(一)意譯法：familyskeleton/skeletoninthecupboard(closet)家丑個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途①M(fèi)anyoldfamilieshaveanumberofskeletonsintheirclosetswhichtheyareloathtodiscuss(許多古老的家族中有很多秘密，他們不愿談及這些話題。)個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途毛遂自薦tovolunteerone,sservice葉公好龍professedloveofwhatonereallyfears東施效顰crudeimitationwithludicrous南柯一夢(mèng)afonddreamorillusoryjoy四面楚歌tobebesiegedonallsides//.beutterlyisolated/beindesperatestrain個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途罄竹難書(ofcrime)toonumeroustomention初出茅廬atthebeginningofone,scareer/youngandinexperienced個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途傾城傾國(guó)tobeexceedinglybeautiful懸梁刺股tobeextremelyhard-workinginone,sstudy風(fēng)聲鶴唳beseizedwithimaginaryfears亡羊補(bǔ)牢tomendthefoldafterasheepislost南轅北轍togosouthbydrivingone’schariotnorth削足適履tocut/whittledownthefeettofittheshoes個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途緣木求魚toclimbupatreetolookforfish指鹿為馬totalkblackintowhite1)“…高鼻子’助桀為虐’,真可恨！”蔣翊武咬緊牙關(guān)狠狠地哼了一聲。(李六如《六十年變遷》)ChiangYe-wusworebetweenhisclenchedteeth:“…thoseforeigndevilsarereallyahatefulcrowd,addingbadtoworse!”個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途2)慶父不死，魯難未已。Therewillalwaysbetroubleuntilthetrouble-makerisremoved.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商＜用途||1|1|||111^^^11|1^111^^1|^1^^^^^^^^^^(直譯:UntilQinFuisdoneawaywith,thecrisisinthestateofLuwillnotbeover.)個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途3)止匕地?zé)o銀三百兩。Aguiltypersongiveshimselfawaybyconspicuouslyprotestinghisinnocence.(直譯:No300taelsofsilverburiedhere.)個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途4)今年高考他又名落孫山了。Thisyearhefailedagainintheentranceexaminationsforcollegestudents個(gè)勿做商業(yè)用途，^|^^|^||!^^|^^^|^^^^^^^情人眼里出西施Beautyisintheeyeofthebeholder/lover./Beautyliesinthelove’seyes.個(gè)人收集整理勿(二)套譯法：tomeetone'sWaterloo一敗涂地Letthecatoutofthebag.泄漏天機(jī)。getthesack抄魷魚(Tobedismissedfromajob,tobetoldtoleaveyourjob)個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途①Hegotthesackwhentheyfoundoutthathe'dliedabouthisqualifications.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途②Afteronly2weeksshewasgiventhesackforbeingrudetoacustomer.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途畫蛇添足topaintthelily說(shuō)曹操，曹操到Talkofthedevil,andhe’ssuretoappear./Speakofthedevil,andheappears.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途1)Manyheadsarebetterthanone.三個(gè)臭皮匠，賽過(guò)諸葛亮。2)只有破釜沉舟地跟他們拼，還許有翻身的那一天!Allyoucandoistoburnyourboatsandfighttheminthehopethatonedayyou'llcomeoutontop.個(gè)人勿做商業(yè)用途3)鷸蚌相爭(zhēng)，漁翁得利。Twodogsstriveforabone,andathirdrunsawaywithit.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途(三)增補(bǔ)法：A.音譯加注釋￡ra〃s〃￡era，o〃+annotation):Archille'sheel阿克勒斯的腳踵，致命弱點(diǎn)Pandora'sbox潘多拉的盒子，災(zāi)難根源wordDamocles達(dá)摩克里斯的寶劍：懸劍頭上、千鈞一發(fā)、死到臨頭、幸福中隱伏的危機(jī)4)TheTrojanHorse特洛伊木馬，暗藏之?dāng)?，?nèi)奸Judaskiss猶大之吻，背叛行為PeopleconsideredthatwhathehadplayedonthatoccasionwasnomorethanaJudaskiss.人們認(rèn)為他在那種場(chǎng)合所表演的不過(guò)是猶大之吻一居心險(xiǎn)惡。個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途Sphinx'SRiddle斯芬克司之謎，難解之謎Theyhave,bythisveryact,openedaPandora'sbox.正是他們的這種做法，打開了希臘神話中潘朵拉的盒子，造成了混亂和不幸。個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途ThefavorsofGovernmentareliketheboxofPandora,withthisimportantdifference;thattheyrarelyleavehopeatbottom.政府的恩惠如同潘多拉的盒子，后患無(wú)窮，主要不同之處是：盒底很少留有希望。個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途B.直譯力口解稗1加「。1translation+annotation):1)百步穿楊Toshootanarrowthroughawillowleafatthedistanceof100steps,extremelygoodatshooting個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途Note:TheallusiongoesbacktoYangYouji,anexcellentshooterintheZhouDynasty,whocouldshootanarrowatawillowleafonehundredstepsawayandnevermissedthetarget.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途2)甘B鄲學(xué)步：towalkaspeopleofHandando;toimitateawkwardly個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途Note:LegendhasitthatayoungsterfromtheStateofYansawthattheHandans'walkwasverygracefulandthentriedtoacquirethewalkingmannerbutonlytofindthathedidnotlearnanythingatallandhadforgottenhowheoriginallywalked.Therefore,hehadtocrawlallthewaybackhome.Theallusionisnowusedtoridiculethosewhoimitateblindly.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途塞翁失馬，焉知非福?Whentheoldmanonthefrontierlosthismare,whocouldhaveguesseditwasablessingindisguise?Alossmayturnouttobeagain.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途三個(gè)臭皮匠，合成一個(gè)諸葛亮。ThreecobblerswiththeirwitscombinedwouldequalChuKekLiangthemastermind,meaningthatthemasseshavegreatcreativepower.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途杞人憂天likethemanofQiwhowashauntedbythefearthattheskymightfall:unnecessaryanxiety/groundlessworry個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途黃粱美夢(mèng)agoldmilletdream;afonddream/apipedream個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途驚弓之鳥：Abirdthatfelldownatthesoundofanarrowlessshooting;adeadlyfrightenedperson五、俗語(yǔ)翻譯俚語(yǔ)包括委婉語(yǔ)、詛咒語(yǔ)和粗俗語(yǔ)。A.委婉語(yǔ)：.死gotosleep/benomore/passaway/gowest/長(zhǎng)眠、不在了，獻(xiàn)身，逝世，去世、與世長(zhǎng)辭、壽終、咽氣、歸西天、見馬克思，個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途.懷孕toweartheapronhigh/tobeinadelicatecondition/alady-in-waiting/amothertobe有喜、有身、身重、身懷六甲、夢(mèng)蘭、個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途.廁所Ladies’(room).Gents,,loo,dressingroom,powderroom,washroom,個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途B.詛咒語(yǔ)：damn,hell,devil,bloody,該死的！Damnyou! 見鬼去吧！Tohellwithyou!不得好死！Hangyou!個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途你這個(gè)殺千刀的！Youbehanged! 挨刀貨！Blastyou!C.粗俗語(yǔ)：fuck,screw,bugger,balls,shit,小娘養(yǎng)的！動(dòng)了兵器了！Sonsofbitches!Theyareusingweaponsnow!個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途2)忘了本的小娼婦兒！Ungratefulslut!把眼里沒(méi)有主子的小蹄子打爛了！We,llgivethisimpudentlittlebitchagoodflogging!個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途4)他媽的，你們有話就說(shuō)吧！Ifyouhavesomethingtosay,sayit,damnyou!個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途5)還有你這個(gè)浪貨，跟誰(shuí)來(lái)不行，非跟他！Andyoutoo,youbaggage.Couldn,tyouhavepickedsomeoneelse?Whydidithavetobehim?個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途6)王八蛋，我終于碰上你了！Youdevils,sowemeetagain!D.其他俗語(yǔ)：.不看僧面看佛面don’tblamethemonkfortheBuddha,sake;don'tblametheinferiorortheyoungforthesakeofhissuperiorortheold;forgiveonepersonforanother'ssake個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途不做虧心事，不怕鬼敲門?ifyoudon'tcommitanysin,youwillnotbeafraidofthedevilknockingatyourdoor;anuprightmanisn'tafraidofanything個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途財(cái)大氣粗awealthymanspeakslouder;moneytalks差之毫厘，失之千里?anerrorthebreadthofasinglehaircanleadyouathousandliastray;aslightesterrorcanleadtoagreatestdeviation;aslightcarelessnesscanleadtoaseveremistake個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途成事不足，敗事有余?unabletoaccomplishanythingbutlikelytospoileverything;impossibletoachievebutpossibletoruin個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途勝者為王，敗者為寇?victorious,youwillbeaking,butdefeated,youwillbeabandit;victorymakesakingofthewinnerwhiledefeatmakesabanditoftheloser;whetheryouwillbeakingorabanditdependsonwhetheryoucanwinornot個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途吃不了兜著走?ifyoucan'teatitup,youhavetotakeitaway;getmorethanonehasbargainedfor;youwillhavetotakefullresponsibilityifyouareover-engaged個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途打狗要看主人面?whenyouarebeatingadog,youhavetotaketheownerintoconsideration;don'tbeatthedogfortheowner'ssake;loveme,lovemydog個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途打腫臉充胖子pretendingtobeafatmanbyslappinghisownfaceswollen;pretendingtobeawealthyman個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途大事化小，小事化了reducinggreattroubletosmall,andsmalltonothing個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途耳邊風(fēng)/一個(gè)耳朵進(jìn)，一個(gè)耳朵出inoneearandouttheother(adv.phr.)很快被遺忘的(副詞短語(yǔ))ItseemseverythingIsaygoesinoneearandouttheotherwithyou!好像我說(shuō)的話你從來(lái)就只當(dāng)耳邊風(fēng)!個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途平時(shí)不燒香，臨時(shí)抱佛腳"neverburnincensewhenalliswell,butclaspBuddha'sfeetwhenindistress個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途難得糊涂Whereignoranceisbliss,it'sfollytobewise.虎父無(wú)犬子Awisegooseneverlaysatameegg個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途不打不成交Nodiscord,noconcord.金無(wú)足赤，人無(wú)完人Goldcan'tbepureandmancan'tbeperfect.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途山高皇帝遠(yuǎn)Themountainsarehighandtheemperorisfaraway.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途腳踩兩只船sitonthefence酒肉朋友fair-weatherfriend六、歇后語(yǔ)的翻譯（一）定義：《現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)詞典》將歇后語(yǔ)定義為，“由兩個(gè)部分組成的一句話，前一部分像謎面，后一部分像謎底，通常只說(shuō)前一部分，而本意在后一部分?！薄掇o?！穼⑿笳Z(yǔ)定義為，“熟語(yǔ)的一種。多為群眾熟悉的詼諧而形象的語(yǔ)句。運(yùn)用時(shí)可以隱去后文，以前文示意”。我們的看法是，歇后語(yǔ)是俗語(yǔ)的一種，它與俗言和諺語(yǔ)的區(qū)別主要在形式上。歇后語(yǔ)很像謎語(yǔ)，通常由兩部分構(gòu)成，前一部分為謎面，后一部分為謎底，謎面通常具有比喻性質(zhì)。個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途（二）歇后語(yǔ)的分類：1．典故型歇后語(yǔ)：八仙聚會(huì)——又說(shuō)又笑；王羲之寫字——橫豎都好2．雙關(guān)型歇后語(yǔ)：狗攆鴨子呱呱（刮刮）叫3．諧音型歇后語(yǔ)：李雙雙見到丈夫——有喜旺（希望）了；郵包掉到水田里--半信半疑（泥）（諧音關(guān)聯(lián)）;牛角抹油——又尖（奸）又滑（猾）;和尚打傘無(wú)法（發(fā)）無(wú)天；空棺材出葬目（木）中無(wú)人；孔夫子搬家，凈是書（輸）;燈草拐杖，做不得主（柱）個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途4。語(yǔ)型歇后語(yǔ)：火爆玉米——開心；章魚的肚子--有墨水（語(yǔ)意關(guān)聯(lián)）5．比喻型歇后語(yǔ)：竹籃打水--一場(chǎng)空（以事喻義），天上的云--無(wú)拘無(wú)束（以物喻義），大水沖了龍王廟--一家人不認(rèn)一家人（以事喻義），徐庶進(jìn)曹營(yíng)--一言不發(fā)（以人喻義）個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途（三）翻譯方法：1．直譯法：1）“咱們倆的事，一條繩拴著的兩條螞蚱.誰(shuí)也跑了！” （老舍《駱駝祥子》）We'reliketwograsshoDDerstiedtoonecord:neithercangetawav! ■勿做商業(yè)用途）再派人去，那不是瞎子打燈籠白費(fèi)一支蠟嗎?Sendingsomeoneelseislikeablindmancarryingacandle.Awasteofwax.^^^^^^勿做商業(yè)用途瞎子點(diǎn)燈一白費(fèi)蠟。Itisasuselessasablindmanlightingacandle.勿做商業(yè)用途）泥菩薩過(guò)江，自身難保。Thedavidolfordin-theriverit'sasmuchasitcandotopreserveitselffromdisaster^^^^^^J勿做商業(yè)用途）千里送鵝毛，禮輕輕易重tosendthefeatherofaswanonethousandlithegiftinitselfmaybeinsignificant,butthegood-willisdeep ■勿做商業(yè)用途）茶壺里煮餃子有也倒不出。Adumplinginaboiler（kettle）-cannotbepouredout.勿做商業(yè)用^mnu^mmmmmimi^^m^mmiiiiii）豬鼻子里插蔥 裝象Apigisstickingscallionsintoitsnostrilstopretendtobeanelephant（如果是口譯只要一個(gè)詞就行：“pretentious”或“vain”。）個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途7）“朱斌這個(gè)人就是狗咬耗子多管閑事！”（吳江《紅日》）“ChuPin!He'slikeadogworryingamouse,can'tmindhisownbusiness!”個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途2．意譯法（典故式歇后語(yǔ)或雙關(guān)式歇后語(yǔ)）：）他必審問(wèn)我，我給他個(gè)‘徐庶如曹營(yíng)一語(yǔ)不發(fā)‘。He'ssuretoaskquestionsbutI'llholdmytonguetobeginwith.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途）窮棒子鬧翻身，是八仙過(guò)海，各顯其能。Whenwepassfromtheoldsocietytothenew,eachofusshowshistrueworth. ■勿做商業(yè)用途八仙過(guò)海一各顯其能。（Like）theEightImmortalscrossingthesea-eachshowinghisorherspecialprowess.（Eachofthemshowstheirtrueworth.）個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途3）等他們趕來(lái)增援時(shí)，已是“正月十五貼門神晚了半月啦"。Buttheyweretoolateforarescue.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途4）可是譚招弟新中卻想：騎著毛驢看書一走著瞧吧，看究竟是啥原因。ButTanZhaodiwasstillthinkingtoherself:“Let,swaitandseewhatthereasonforitturnsouttobeintheend.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途■5）咱們騎著毛驢看唱本一走著瞧吧。We,llseewho,sright.6）對(duì)新藥業(yè)，老實(shí)講，我是搟面杖吹火…一竅不通。Tobequitehonestwithyou,Idon'tknowthefirstthingaboutthemoderndrugbusiness.（直譯：toblowupafirethrougharollingpin,itdoesn,twork.）個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途7）外甥打燈籠一照舅（舊），用“businessasusual”即可3.套譯法：1）姨奶奶犯不著來(lái)罵我，我又不是姨奶奶家買的?！废惆莅炎?…都是奴才’罷咧！這是何苦來(lái)呢!《紅樓夢(mèng)》）You,venocalltoswearatme,madam.Youdidn'tbuyme.Weareallbirdsofafeatherallslaveshere.Whygoforme?個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途2）肉包子打狗，一去不回頭。Ado/givenabonewhodoesn'tcomebackformore.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用（直譯：Chasingadogbythrowingmeatdumplingsatit-gone,nevertoreturn.）個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途3）日本曹長(zhǎng)心里像有十五個(gè)吊桶打水，七上八下地不安寧?！稊澈笪涔り?duì)》）ItwasasiftheswordofDamocleshungovertheJapanesesergeant.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途4）老鼠尾巴上的癤子，出膿也不多。Squeezewateroutofastone5）他總是給你買昂貴的衣服，恐怕是黃鼠狼拜年，不安好心啊。Heisalwaysbuyingyouexpensiveclothes,I'mafraidtheyareGreekgiftsforyou.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途黃鼠狼給雞拜年一不懷好意。aweaselwishingHappyNewYeartoachickenharboringnogoodintention；Greekgift.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途6）竹籃打水一場(chǎng)空。todrawwaterwithone,ssleeves/Likeladlingwaterwithawickerbasket-allisempty（nothing）./todrawwaterwithabamboobasket-allwasinvain個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途4．減譯法（諧音型歇后語(yǔ)，省去前半截的比喻部分，譯出后半部的實(shí)際意思）1）我是想：咱們是孔夫子搬家，凈是書（輸）,心里真點(diǎn)點(diǎn)干啥的。OnlyIfeelbadwhenweloseeveryfight.勿做商業(yè)用途中國(guó)足球隊(duì)在國(guó)際大賽中多是孔夫子搬家，凈是書（輸）。TheChinesefootballteamhasalwayslostinthetheinternationalfootballmatches.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途我在店里呢，是燈草拐杖，做不得主（柱）的。Mypositioninthecompanydoesn'tpermitmetomakeadecisionindividually. ■勿做商業(yè)用途3）你這人是“八十老翁靠墻吃稀飯一一卑鄙（背壁），無(wú)恥（齒），下流”。Youarebase,shamelessanddirty.4）他是和尚打傘一無(wú)發(fā)（法）無(wú)天。Heisanunrulyperson.1）王小二過(guò)年，一年不如一年WangXiao,erspendingtheNewYear——oneyearisworsethananother/likeWangXiao,er,slife,oneyearisworsethananotherNote:WangXiao,erinChinesecanmeananypoorfellowatthebottomofthesociety.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途丫頭當(dāng)媒人，自身難保?amaidservingasamatchmaker hardtoprotectherselffromthedangerofbeingengaged;likeamaidservingasamatchmaker,itishardtopullherselffromone,sowncrisis?Note:Theliteralmeaningofthisallegoricalsayingisthatsincethemaidherselfissingle,indoingthejobofamatchmaker,sheherselfmayfallinlovewiththeman.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途牛角抹油 又尖（奸）又滑（猾）?spreadingoilonanoxhorn tomakeitsharperandmoreslipperyorcunningandtreacherous?Note:theChinesecharacterjian,meaningsharp,isahomophoneofjian,meaningcunning,andtheChinesecharacterhua,meaningslippery,isahomophoneofhua,meaningtreacherous癩蛤蟆想吃天鵝肉一癡心妄想。Atoadlustingafteraswan'sflesh-aspiringaftersomethingoneisnotworthyof.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途納鞋不使錐子，針（真）好！Asherbetinamidsummernight'sdream:cool!（雖說(shuō)直譯成中文“仲夏夜夢(mèng)吃果露冰糕一一真爽!”的時(shí)候雙關(guān)丟了，但英文“^^”是雙關(guān)。而如果將中文原文譯成“Tosewshoeswithoutanawl,aneedleisgood.”不僅丟了雙關(guān)，而且毫無(wú)意義。改換意境是為了在不偏主題的情況下求雙關(guān)。）個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途狗咬耗子，多管閑事He'slikeadogworryingamouse,can'tmindhisownbusiness!狗咬刺猬，無(wú)從下口Adogtryingtobiteahedgehog-nowaytomakeanapproach.個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途老虎吃天，無(wú)從下口atigerwantingtoeattheskynotknowingwheretostart個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途七、異化（直譯）還是歸化（套譯）？）不入虎穴，焉得虎子Ifyoudon’tenterthetiger’slair,howcanyoucatchthecubs?（異化）個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途Nothingventure,nothinghave.（歸化）Youcan'tachievethegoalwithoutarisk.（意譯）個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途畫蛇添足todrawasnakeandaddfeettoit（異化）paintthelily（歸化）個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途跑得了和尚跑不了廟。Themonkeymayrunaway,butthetemplecan,trunwithhim.（異化）Afugitivemustbelongtosomeplacethatcanprovideclues.（歸化）個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途4）對(duì)牛彈琴toplaythelutetoacow（異化）tocastpearlsbeforeswine（歸化）個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途5）說(shuō)曹操曹操就到mentionCaoCaoandthereheis（異化，不好）talkofthedevilandhewillappear（歸化）個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途易于反掌tobeaseasyasturningoverone,shand（異化）個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途aseasyasfallingoffalog/apieceofcake（歸化）打草驚蛇tostirupthegrassandalertthesnake（異化）towakeasleepingdog（歸化）個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途8）竭澤而漁todrainapondtocatchthefish（異化）tokillthegoosethatlaysthegoldeneggs（歸化）雪中送炭tosendcharcoalinsnowyweather（異化）tohelpalamedogoverastile（歸化）10）守口如瓶asdumbasanoyster（歸化）11）Toomanycooksspoilthebroth.廚子多了煮壞湯（異化），人多手亂（歸化）個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途12）竹籃打水一場(chǎng)空todrawwaterin（with）abamboobasket（異化）個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途todrawwaterwithone’ssleeves（歸化）有些用歸化法較好：EvenHomersometimesnods.智者千慮，必有一失。（歸化）Somepreferturnipsandotherspears.蘿卜白菜，各有所愛(ài)。（歸化）個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途Hecrieswineandsellsvinegar.掛羊頭，賣狗肉。（歸化）1）你真是脫褲子放屁，多此一舉。YoudidcarrycoaltoNewcastle.（歸化）個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途3）胸有成竹*tohaveabambooinone’sheart（死譯）tohaveawell-thought-outplanbeforedoingsth.（意譯）個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途tohaveacardupone’ssleeve（套譯,歸化）4）姨奶奶犯不著來(lái)罵我,我又不是姨奶奶家買了。“梅香拜把子———都是奴才”罷咧!這是何苦來(lái)呢!（《紅樓夢(mèng)》）You,venocalltosweartome,madam.Youdidn,tbuyme.We,veallbirdsofafeather——allslaveshere.Whygoforme?(歸化)個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途5)中國(guó)有句古話是這樣說(shuō)的：“山不在高，有仙則名；水不在深，有龍則靈?！盇nancientChinesesayinggoesthat“Anymountaincanbefamouswiththepresenceofanimmortal,andanyrivercanbeholywiththepresenceofadragon.” (異化)個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途6)左右為難/進(jìn)退維谷/騎虎難下/進(jìn)退兩難/無(wú)所適從/莫衷一是/腹背受敵betweenthedevilanddeepsea/betweentwofires/betweenScyllaandCharybdis/holdawolfbytheear/withone’sbacktothewall/stickinthemud(歸化)個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途7)四面楚歌Chu'sfolksongswereheardeverywhere(異化，不好)tomeetone'sWaterloo(歸化)/Bebesiegedonallsides/beutterlyisolated/beindesperatestrain(意譯)個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途不好的異化:1)賠了夫人又折兵*giveone'senemyawifeandloseone'ssoldiersaswell(異化，不好)個(gè)人收集整理勿做業(yè)用途sufferadoublelossinsteadofmakingagain(歸化)2)不到黃河心不死notstopuntilonereachestheYellowRiver(異化，不好)個(gè)人收集整理勿做商業(yè)用途notstopuntilonereachesone'sgoal(意譯)3)八字還沒(méi)一撇兒there'snoteventhefirststokeofthecharactereight(異化，不好)個(gè)人收集整理勿做商用途there'snottheslightestsignofsuccessyet(意譯)眉飛色舞tobeamwithjoy(死譯：hiseyebrowsarefly