廣東省河源市陽(yáng)明中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Attheentrancetothehospital,Iwassurprisedtoseeababygirl_____byherparents.A.abandonedKs5u

B.abandoningC.toabandon

D.abandon參考答案：A2.

Manystudents

fromthenewlibrarysinceitwasopentoall.

Abenefited

B.werebenefited

Chavebeenbenefited

D.havebenefited參考答案：

D3.TheJews_________aseriesofdisastersinWorldWarⅡ,becausetheGermanNaziswantedtokillallofthem.A.wentover B.wentafter

C.wentfor

D.wentthrough參考答案：D4.---WouldyouliketocometomyhousetowatchtheVoiceofChinatogether?---___________.A.Great!Ican’tstandit

B.Yes,I’dloveto,butIdon’tmindit C.Goodidea,butI’mnotsure

D.Yes,I’dloveto.Ican’twait.參考答案：D5.—Onlythosewhohavealotincommoncangetalongwell.—_____.Oppositessometimesdoattract.A.Ihopenot B.IthinksoC.Iappreciatethat D.Ibegtodiffer參考答案：D考查交際用語(yǔ)。句意：—只有那些有共同之處的人能相處好?！也煌?。相反的人有時(shí)相互吸引。Ihopenot我希望不會(huì)；Ithinkso我是這么認(rèn)為的；C.Iappreciatethat我很感激；Ibegtodiffer我不同意。故選D。6.Wordcame______ourdutieswouldbechanged.A.that

B.which

C.whether

D.when參考答案：A略7.Idon’tknowhowImanagedtospendsomuchinthebarlastnight.Itwas________thanIexpected.A.muchtooexpensive B.farmoreexpensive C.muchlessexpensive D.fartooexpensive

參考答案：B8.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut___hesaidit.A.theway

B.inthewaythat

C.inthewayD.thewaywhich參考答案：A9.Hedidn’tshowusthestrengthsofthenewtechnology._______,hestressedtheweaknessesandeventhreattohumanbeings.A.Inaddition B.InotherwordsC.Onthecontrary D.Allinall參考答案：C【詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：他沒(méi)有向我們展示新技術(shù)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。相反，他強(qiáng)調(diào)了其弱點(diǎn)，甚至是對(duì)人類的威脅。A.Inaddition此外；B.Inotherwords換句話說(shuō)；C.Onthecontrary相反；D.Allinall總的說(shuō)來(lái)。故選C。10.Johnaswellastheotherchildrenwho______noparents______goodcareofinthevillage.A.has;isbeingtaken

B.has;arebeingtaken

C.have;isbeingtaken

D.have;arebeingtaken參考答案：C略11.Couldyoushowme

?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcanreachthestationD.howIcouldgettothestation參考答案：C【分析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句的陳述句語(yǔ)序。你能告訴我怎樣才能到達(dá)車站嗎？【詳解】分析句子可知，本句中所填成分為show的賓語(yǔ)從句。在英語(yǔ)中賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。分析選項(xiàng)可知A項(xiàng)和B項(xiàng)是疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序，所以是錯(cuò)誤的。而C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)是陳述語(yǔ)序。但could和can的用法有點(diǎn)區(qū)別：couldyou是一種委婉語(yǔ)，常在疑問(wèn)句中出現(xiàn)。但在陳述句中不用作委婉語(yǔ)。句中大意:我如何到達(dá)車站，對(duì)于主語(yǔ)“我”不需要用委婉語(yǔ)could。故C項(xiàng)符合題意。12.ThesceneryalongChengfengLakeisbeautifulbeyond________.A.description

B.statementC.praise

D.introduction參考答案：A句意：沿著乘風(fēng)湖的景色美得無(wú)法形容。beyonddescription難以形容，無(wú)法形容。故選A。13.Youneedwarmclothesto_________youagainstthecold.A.save B.protect

C.prevent

D.keep參考答案：B14.Onewaytounderstandthousandsofnewwordsistohave________goodknowledgeofbasicwordformation.A./

B.the

C.a

D.one參考答案：C15.Itis______toimprovetheworkingconditionsfortheconstructionworkers.

A.worthwhile

B.worth

C.worthy

D.worthyof參考答案：A略16.—Itisreportedthatthereis

bigbreakthroughinthecancertreatment.—Ifonlyhissoncouldbebroughtbackto

life!A.a;不填

B.不填;a

C.the;the

D.a;the參考答案：A二、完型填空17.完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

閱讀下面的短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AfewyearsafterMomdied,Dadshowedupforlunchwearingthesoftsmilethattookoverhisfacewheneverhewasthinkingabouther.“I’ve36these,”hesaid,handingmeabag.“Shewouldhavewantedyouto37them.”Iopenedthebagtofinddozensof38,eachonewrapped(包裹）inwhitetissuepaperandbearingMom’shandwrittenwords:StoneHarbor,N.J.—8-98.Theywerepretty

39

,buttoMom,theywereevidenceofherendlesslymagicallife.Shewas61whenshecollectedtheseshells,alreadyshowing

40

ofthelungdiseasethatwouldkillherthenextyear.Wedidn’tknowthatthen.Wejustknewsomethingwas41andMomneededanadventure.She

42

dinnerandamovie.However,twofriendsandIhad

43

ideas.WewantedtotakehertoJerseyShore,

44

myworking-classmotherhadbeentotheoceanonlytwice.Shelovedthe

45

.WhenIcalledMomwithour

46

,shewassittingonthecouchwithherdogAmberonherleg.AssoonasIsaid“JerseyShore”,shescreamedandAmber

47

thefloor.WhenItoldhershe’dbeabletohearthe

48

fromherwindow,shestartedtocry.AssoonaswegottoStoneHarbor,Momactedlikethetownmayor(鎮(zhèn)長(zhǎng)),

49

everyoneasiftheywereloyalconstituents(選民).Andshespenthourscollectingshellsonthebeach.Themorningwe

50

,Ifoundherphotographingeveryinchofherbedroom.“Idon’tevenwantto

51

this,”shesaid.Foralongtime,Mom’sshellsstayedburiedinadrawer.Lastmonth,I

52

them.Onebyone,theshellsarefindinga

53

placeinmyhome.IputthemwhereI’m

54

toseethem.They

55

metolivealifelikemymother—whoneverlosthersenseofwonder.36.A.enjoyed

B.found C.discussed

D.imagined37.A.show

B.sell

C.use

D.have38.A.letters

B.shells

C.cards

D.pictures39.A.common

B.lovely

C.important

D.cheap40.A.emotion

B.mood

C.signs

D.worries41.A.wrong

B.stupid

C.reliable D.absurd42.A.refused

B.hated

C.appreciated D.suggested43.A.stranger

B.better

C.simpler D.ridiculous44.A.while

B.although

C.because

D.unless45.A.sky

B.trees

C.seashore

D.fields46.A.dreams

B.questions

C.concerns

D.plans47.A.ranawayfrom

B.jumpedfrom

C.sankinto

D.fellonto48.A.ocean

B.music

C.cars

D.birds49.A.knowing

B.greeting C.helping

D.praising50.A.left

B.met C.waited

D.started51.A.keep

B.regret

C.forget

D.face52.A.rediscovered

B.returned C.understood D.received53.A.quiet

B.safe

C.right

D.new54.A.unfortunate

B.sure

C.proud

D.sorry55.A.forbid

B.forgive C.remind

D.claim參考答案：36-40BDBAC

41-45ADBCC

46-50DDABA

51-55CADBC略三、閱讀理解18.Aspaceshipisflyingtothesuninsummer2018!Itwillbethefirst-evertoastarandwillbeoneofthebiggestachievementsspaceexploration(探險(xiǎn))inhumanhistory.Thepurposeistostudythesun’souteratmosphereandbetterunderstandhowstarswork.Thespaceship,withnomaninside,willflywithin4millionmilesofthesun’ssurface-rightintothesolaratmosphere,wherethetemperatureisover4,500°C.Toprotectthespaceship,itiscoveredwitha12cm-thickcoating.ThespaceshipiscalledParkerSolarProbeanditisnamedafterEugeneParker,aprofessorfromtheUniversityofChicago.It’sthefirstNASAspaceshiptobenamedafteraresearcherwhoisstillalive.In1958,EugeneParkerfirstcreatedtheterm“solarwind”-thesunsendingoutaflowofparticles(顆粒)andenergy.“Thespaceshipisgoingwhereithasneverbeenbefore.It’sveryexcitingthatwe’llfinallygettoknowmoreaboutthesolarwind.I’msuretherewillbesomesurprises.Therealwaysare,”saidProfessorParker.Parkercallsitaheroicscientificspaceadventure,andhemeansthatthespaceshipwillhavetoexperiencehightemperaturesandsunradiation(輻射).“Thespaceshipisgoingtodothehottestandfastestwork.Ilovetocallitthecoolesthottestworkunderthesun,”saidScientistFoxNasa.8.Whyisaspaceshipflyingtothesun?A.Tomakeahumanhistoryrecord.B.Totakethefirst-evertriptothestar.C.Tomeasurethetemperatureofthesun.D.Tostudyitsouteratmosphereandhowitworks.9.Whatdowelearnaboutthespaceship?A.Itwillbeoperatedbyapilotinside.B.Itisprotectedbya12cm-thickcoating.C.Itwillflyonlyoutsidethesolaratmosphere.D.Itwillflyintothesolaratmospherewithoutlimit.10.WhatisEugeneParker’sattitudetowardtheexploration?A.Confident.

B.Doubtful.C.Disappointed.

D.Satisfied.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemean?A.Thespaceshiphastodohisworkunderthehottestsun.B.Thespaceshipistakingthemostattractivejobintheworld.C.Thespaceshipwillhavegreatdifficultyinfinishingthejob.D.Thespaceshiphastogothroughthecoolestandthehottesttemperature.參考答案：8.D

9.B

10.A

11.B本文為說(shuō)明文。一艘名為“帕克太陽(yáng)探測(cè)器”的宇宙飛船在2018夏天飛往太陽(yáng)，這將是人類歷史上最偉大的成就之一——太空探索，目的是為了研究太陽(yáng)的外部大氣，更多地了解太陽(yáng)風(fēng)。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Thepurposeistostudythesun’souteratmosphereandbetterunderstandhowstarswork.可知，目的就是研究太陽(yáng)外層大氣及更好地了解它是如何工作的。分析選項(xiàng)可知D項(xiàng)符合題意，故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知，宇宙飛船內(nèi)沒(méi)有人，將在太陽(yáng)表面400萬(wàn)英里內(nèi)飛行——正好進(jìn)入太陽(yáng)大氣，那里的溫度超過(guò)4500°C。為了保護(hù)宇宙飛船，它外面是12cm厚的涂層。由此可知A、C、D是錯(cuò)誤的，只有B是正確的，故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Parker的話“Thespaceshipisgoingwhereithasneverbeenbefore.It’sveryexcitingthatwe’llfinallygettoknowmoreaboutthesolarwind.I’msuretherewillbesomesurprises.Therealwaysare,”（宇宙飛船正在去以前從未去過(guò)的地方。我們最終會(huì)對(duì)太陽(yáng)風(fēng)有更多的了解，這是非常令人興奮的。我確信會(huì)有一些驚喜。而且總是有的。）可知，Parker對(duì)這種探索的態(tài)度是自信的（confident），故選A?！?1題詳解】【解題剖析】此題屬于猜測(cè)詞義中的：依據(jù)邏輯推理猜測(cè)詞義。答案需要推斷此處heroic及thecoolesthottestworkunderthesun和themostattractive的同位關(guān)系?！敬鸢付ㄎ弧扛鶕?jù)上文Parkercallsitaheroicscientificspaceadventure可知，Parker把探索稱之為英雄的科學(xué)太空探險(xiǎn)。最后一句“Ilovetocallitthecoolesthottestworkunderthesun,”科學(xué)家FoxNasa把它稱為太陽(yáng)底下最酷的最熱工作。由此可知，宇宙飛船正在做著世界上最吸引人的工作?！就评黻P(guān)系】題干Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemean?文章內(nèi)容Parkercallsitaheroicscientificspaceadventure和thecoolesthottestworkunderthesun?B選項(xiàng)Thespaceshipistakingthemostattractivejobintheworld.【答案】Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemean??B選項(xiàng)Thespaceshipistakingthemostattractivejobintheworld.【點(diǎn)睛】猜測(cè)詞義之策略：依據(jù)邏輯推理猜測(cè)詞義運(yùn)用邏輯推理猜測(cè)詞義是使用最廣考查最多也最易失分的猜詞方式。要求考生具備整合分散、復(fù)雜信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相關(guān)的詞匯并結(jié)合具體的語(yǔ)境，從形式和內(nèi)容上把握語(yǔ)言之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，理順語(yǔ)言之間的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)而達(dá)到猜詞的目的。常見(jiàn)的邏輯關(guān)系有：因果關(guān)系，同位關(guān)系，對(duì)比關(guān)系，轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系等。19.DaleCarnegie(戴爾·卡耐基)wasanAmericanwriterandlecturer,andthedeveloperoffamouscoursesinself-improvement,salesmanship,corporatetraining,publicspeakingandinterpersonalskills.Bornin1888inMaryville,Missouri,Carnegiewasapoorfarmer'sboy.HisfamilymovedtoBelton,Missouriwhenhewasasmallchild.Inhisteens,thoughstillhavingtogetupat4ameverydaytomilkhisparents'cows,hemanagedtoobtainaneducationattheStateTeacher'sCollegeinWarrensburg.Hisfirstjobaftercollegewassellingcorrespondencecourses.Hemovedontosellingbacon,soap,andlard（豬油）forArmour&Company.Aftersaving$500,DaleCarnegiequitsalesin1911inordertoachievealifelongdreamofbecomingalecturer.HeendedupinsteadattendingtheAmericanAcademyofDramaticArtsinNewYork,butfoundlittlesuccessasanactor.Laterhegottheideatoteachpublicspeaking.Inhisfirstsession,hesuggestedthatstudentsspeakabout"somethingthatmadethemangry",anddiscoveredthetechniquethatmadespeakersunafraidtoaddressapublicaudience.Fromitsbeginning,theDaleCarnegieCoursedeveloped.CarnegiehadmadeuseoftheaverageAmerican'sdesiretohavemoreself-confidence.PerhapsoneofCarnegie'smostsuccessfulmarketingmoveswastochangethespellingofhislastnamefrom"Carnagey"toC