課件需用office2010及以上版本打開，如果您的電腦是office2007及以下版本或者WPS軟件，可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)公式不可編輯或者有不同程度的動(dòng)版。軟件使用編輯修改本課件全文均可單擊鼠標(biāo)右鍵對(duì)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行編輯修改。課件說(shuō)明學(xué)科特色公式由公式編輯器制作，可單擊鼠標(biāo)右鍵對(duì)公式進(jìn)行修改。顯示說(shuō)明如您在使用過(guò)程中遇到公式不顯示或者字體亂碼的情況，可能是因?yàn)槟碾娔X缺少對(duì)應(yīng)字體，請(qǐng)打開網(wǎng)頁(yè)下載。范疇三人與自然教材同步復(fù)習(xí)主題七自然生態(tài)Thinkaboutthefollowingquestions：1．Haveyouevernoticedthechangeofanimals'expressions?2．Ifyouhaveapet,howdoyougettoknowitbetter?與自然和諧共生Wehumanscanexpressemotionsbytellingothershowwefeel—butwhataboutanimals?Howcanwetellwhethertheyexperienceemotions?Overthepast20years,researchershave①madegreatprogressinthisfield.It'sveryhardforustoassess(評(píng)估)emotionsinanimals,becausetheycannottellushowtheyfeel.However,whenemotionalthingshappen,theycausechangesinseveralbiologicalprocesses(生態(tài)過(guò)程).Wehumansoftenchangefacialexpressionsandgestures②dependingonwhetherweexperienceapleasanteventornot.Animalsshowthesefacialexpressionsaswell.Forexample,changesintheearpositionortheamountofthewhiteoftheeyescanshowdifferentlevelsofpainorfearinanimals.③Itisimportanttoremember

thatthefacialexpressionsofanimalsusuallylookdifferentthanthoseofhumans—joymightnotbeshownbyasmile,whilesadnessmaynotbeaccompanied(伴隨)bytears.Anotherexampleofanimalbehaviourthatislinkedtoemotionsisvocalizations(發(fā)聲),whichcanshowstressinmanyspecies.Weknowthisistrueforhumans,too.Imagineyouaresingingasong④infrontofmanypeople;yourvoicemightgetshaky(顫抖的)ifyouarenervous.Researchershavefoundthatthevocalizationsofpigs,goatsandcowsalsochangeandgetlessharmoniouswhentheseanimalsareunderstress,forexample,whentheyareisolatedfromthegroup.Itseemsthatanimalsreacttotheirenvironmentsasmuchashumansdo.So,wecaninfer,withquitesomeconfidence,thatanimalscanfeelemotions.Thismightencourageustorethinktheenvironmentsinwhichwekeeptheanimalsthatareunderourcare—onfarms,inzoosorinourhouses.Ifwecanbetterunderstandhowanimalsreacttotheirenvironments,wecanimprovetheseenvironmentsaswellashuman-animalrelationships.【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了動(dòng)物表達(dá)情緒的方式。文章告訴我們要給動(dòng)物創(chuàng)造良好的生存環(huán)境，并和它們建立良好的關(guān)系。

根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容完成下列各題1．Theunderlinedwords“isolatedfrom”mean

inChinese.()A．殺害

B．吸引

C．脫離【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。由畫線短語(yǔ)后的“thegroup”以及常識(shí)可知，此處表示的是與群體脫離。故選C。C2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtotheresearch？()A．Changesinanimals'expressionsarehardtofind.B．Animalemotionsarenotasrichashumans.C．Soundsmadebyanimalsareawayofexpressingfeelings.【解析】推理判斷題。由第四段第一句“Anotherexampleofanimalbehaviourthatislinkedtoemotionsisvocalizations(發(fā)聲),whichcanshowstressinmanyspecies.”以及第四段最后一句的“Researchershavefoundthatthevocalizationsofpigs,goatsandcowsalsochangeandgetlessharmoniouswhentheseanimalsareunderstress．..”可知，動(dòng)物發(fā)出的聲音也是情緒的表達(dá)方式。故選C。C3．

Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage？()【解析】篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。第一段引入文章的主題；第二段介紹雖然我們無(wú)法評(píng)估動(dòng)物的情緒，但是當(dāng)它們有情緒變化的時(shí)候，它們的行為上是有變化的；第三、四段介紹了動(dòng)物表達(dá)的情緒的行為上的變化；第五段告訴我們要給動(dòng)物創(chuàng)造良好的生存環(huán)境，并和它們建立和諧的關(guān)系。故選B。B

理清文章結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容，完成思維導(dǎo)圖20yearsbiologicalprocessesaredifferentfromtheirstressrelationships

好詞好句積累

在文中畫出下列詞組或句型，翻譯并仿寫與主題相關(guān)的句子。①makegreatprogressin__________________________________________仿寫：我們已經(jīng)在保護(hù)動(dòng)物方面取得了巨大進(jìn)展。_________________________________________________________________在……取得巨大進(jìn)步Wehavemadegreatprogressinprotectinganimals.②dependon_____________________________________________________仿寫：動(dòng)物能活多久，取決于它是否有良好的生存環(huán)境。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________③Itisadj.todosth._______________________________________________仿寫：保護(hù)自然環(huán)境很重要。_________________________________________________________________取決于Howlongananimallivesdependsonwhetherithasagoodlivingenvironment.做某事是……的Itisimportanttoprotectthenaturalenvironment.④infrontof______________________________________________________仿寫：我們家房前有一個(gè)大的自然公園。_________________________________________________________________在……前面Thereisabignatureparkinfrontofourhouse.第一部分完形填空第一節(jié)閱讀下面一篇短文，從短文前的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有一個(gè)為多余選項(xiàng)。

自然景觀A．AllB．a(chǎn)lreadyC．since

D．a(chǎn)nE．still

F．for

G．which TheYuntaiMountainstandsinXiuwuCounty,about30kilometersfromJiaozuoCity,HenanProvince.Themountainisfamous1.______itspeaks,springs,waterfalls,poolsandvalleys.2.______theseformabeautifulpainting.FA1．【解析】befamousfor是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“以……而著名”。故選F。2．【解析】由語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示“所有這些構(gòu)成了一幅美麗的畫”。故選A。 ThebeautyoftheYuntaiMountainchangeswithseasons.Inspring,themountainisdecoratedbycolorfulflowersandgreengrass.Insummer,thethickforestsandwonderfulwaterfallsmakeit3.______excellentplace.Asautumnbegins,leavesturnredandthemountainlookscolorful.Whenwintercomes,themountainiscoveredwithwhitesnow4.______bringspeoplepeace.3．【解析】此處泛指一個(gè)絕佳的地方。excellent以元音音素開頭。故選D。4．【解析】分析句子成分可知，此處缺少定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。先行詞是whitesnow，空格處在句中作主語(yǔ)。故選G。

DG Themountainhasbeenapopularplace5.______hundredsofyearsago.It'ssaidthatduringtheTangDynasty,thegreatpoetWangWeionceclimbedtothetopofthemountain.ItwastheDoubleNinthFestival,sohemissedhisfamilyandhometownalot.Hewroteapoemanditis6.______well-knowntoday.Besides,themountainisrichinplants.ItissaidthatSunSimiaousedtocollectherbsandmaketraditionalChinesemedicinethere.5．【解析】由語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示“自從幾百年前，云臺(tái)山就是一個(gè)受歡迎的地方”。故選C。6．【解析】修飾形容詞應(yīng)用副詞。由語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示“他寫了一首詩(shī)，這首詩(shī)今天仍然很有名”。故選E。CE NowadaystheYuntaiMountainisoneofthetoptouristattractionsinHenanProvince.Itattractslotsofvisitorsallyearround.【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了位于河南省的云臺(tái)山。河南省最受歡迎的旅游景點(diǎn)之一，因其山峰、瀑布、山谷等而出名。它隨季節(jié)變化給人們展示不同的美景。唐朝詩(shī)人王維也曾在爬此山時(shí)作詩(shī)，名醫(yī)孫思邈也常在此山采藥。第二節(jié)閱讀下面一篇短文，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

與自然和諧共生 ForchildrenonPingtanIslandinFujian,China,nothingismoreinterestingthangoingintonaturewiththeir“forestteacher”． ChengSheng-chungworksasa

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educationteacherontheisland.Onweekends,heoftentakeschildrenouttonatureandteachesthemabout

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plantsandanimals.()7.A．nature B．physics C．Maths【解析】考查名詞辨析。nature“自然”；physics“物理”；maths“數(shù)學(xué)”。由“heoftentakeschildrenouttonature”可知，他是一個(gè)自然教育老師。故選A。()8.A．strange B．real C．different【解析】考查形容詞辨析。strange“奇怪的”；real“真的”；different“不同的”。由常識(shí)可知，他帶學(xué)生去大自然是教他們認(rèn)識(shí)不同的植物和動(dòng)物。故選C。AC Cheng'slovefornaturestartedearly.He

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upinthemountains,andlovedtostay

10

tonature.In2017，hecametoPingtanIslandtofindwork.Natureeducationwasnot

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inPingtanatthattime,butChengsawitasanopportunity.Thenextyear,hestartedto

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natureclassestochildren.Today'schildrenspendalotoftimeindoors,eitherwatchingTVorplayingmobilephonegames.Chengwantsto

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thatthroughhisnatureclasses.()9.A．grew B．ran C．got【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。grow“成長(zhǎng)”；run“跑”；get“得到”。由“inthemountains”可知，此處指在這個(gè)地方長(zhǎng)大。故選A。

()10.A．mad B．close C．similar 【解析】考查形容詞辨析。mad“瘋狂的”；close“親近的”；similar“相似的”。由句中的“l(fā)oved”可知，

此處表示親近大自然。故選B。

()11.A．interesting B．typical C．popular 【解析】考查形容詞辨析。interesting“有趣的”；typical“典型的”；popular“受歡迎的”。由“Today'schildrenspendalotoftimeindoors,eitherwatchingTVorplayingmobilephonegames.”可知，

自然教育在當(dāng)時(shí)的平潭并不流行。故選C。ABC()12.A．manage B．throw C．offer 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。manage“管理”；throw“扔掉”；offer“提供”。由語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示“第二年，他開始為孩子們開設(shè)自然課”。故選C。

()13.A．improve B．change C．realize 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。improve“提高”；change“改變”；realize“實(shí)現(xiàn)”。由“Today'schildrenspendalotoftimeindoors,eitherwatchingTVorplayingmobilephonegames.”可知，此處表示“想通過(guò)自然課改變孩子們看電視和玩手機(jī)的現(xiàn)狀”。故選B。CB Thestudentsalllikethefriendlyteacherverymuchandtheycallhim“forestteacher”.Chengdoesnotfilltheirheadswithboring

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，butmakesthemtoexperiencenatureontheirown.Heletsthemusetheireyes,ears,noses,mouths,andhandsto

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aboutnature.()14.A．facts B．numbers C．Ideas【解析】考查名詞辨析。fact“事實(shí)”；number“數(shù)字”；idea“想法”。由“butgetsthemtoexperiencenatureontheirown”可知，程并不是告訴孩子們無(wú)聊的事實(shí)，而是讓他們自己體驗(yàn)。故選A。

()15.A．worry B．talk C．learn【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。worry“擔(dān)心”；talk“交談”；learn“學(xué)習(xí)；熟知”。由上文“Chengdoesnotfilltheirheadswithboring...，butgetsthemtoexperiencenatureontheirown.”可知，他讓他們用眼睛、耳朵、鼻子、嘴巴和手來(lái)了解大自然。故選C。AC “Ifchildrendon'tunderstandnature,theywon'tloveand

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it.Theyshouldunderstandthathumansarenotabovenature,butmustliveinpeacewithit，”saidCheng.()16.A．repair B．protect C．Answer【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。repair“修理”；protect“保護(hù)”；answer“回答”。由下文“Theyshouldunderstandthathumansarenotabovenature，butmustliveinpeacewithit”可知，是要保護(hù)自然。故選B。

B【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了程勝傳老師熱愛自然，帶領(lǐng)孩子們體驗(yàn)自然的樂趣并受到孩子們的喜愛。第二部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)閱讀下面語(yǔ)篇，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

(2022?安徽改編)

AntarcticaWeatherAntarcticaliesinthemostsouthernpartoftheworld.ItisthecoldestareaonEarth.Thereisn'tmuchrain,butthereisalotofsnowandwind.?Thelowesttemperaturewason21Julyin1983at－89.2℃！Antarctica

PopulationNobodylivesinAntarcticaallthetime!

?Thefirstpeopletostaythereforawhilewerefishermenin1786.Nowthereareabout5,000scientistsandresearchersthereinsummer.Antarctica

Historyofexploration(探險(xiǎn))During1907—1909,BritishexplorerEarnestShackletonexploredAntarcticaonfoot.In1911,twoexplorers—aBritishmannamedScottandaNorwegiannamedAmundsen—raced1，400kilometrestotheSouthPole(南極).Amundsenarrivedfirst.Antarctica

Animalsandbirds?Therearen'tanylargeanimalsinAntarctica.PolarbearsliveattheNorthPole.Buttherearealotofpenguinsandseabirds.Everyspringthereareover100millionseabirdsinAntarctica.【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了南極洲的天氣、人口和探索歷史等信息。17.ThelowesttemperatureappearedinAntarctica

.()A．in1786 B．in1907 C．in1983【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由“Thelowesttemperaturewason21Julyin1983at－89.2℃！”可知，最低氣溫是在1983年7月21日。故選C。C18．WhofirststayedinAntarcticaforsometime?()A．Fishermen. B．Scientists. C．Explorers.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由“Thefirstpeopletostaythereforawhilewerefishermenin1786”可知，1786年，第一批在那里停留一段時(shí)間的人是漁民。故選A。A19．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?()A．TheNorthPoleisthecoldestplaceintheworld. B．PeoplecanliveinAntarcticaallthetime. C．Youwon'tseelargeanimalsinAntarctica.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由“Therearen'tanylargeanimalsinAntarctica.”可知，人們?cè)谀蠘O洲看不到大型動(dòng)物。故選C。C20．

Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?()A．SpeciesinAntarcticaB．TheintroductionofAntarctica C．Antarctica'sLivingConditions 【解析】標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了南極洲的一些相關(guān)信息，即介紹南極洲。故選B。B第二節(jié)閱讀下面一篇短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有一個(gè)為多余選項(xiàng)。

A．Over80%ofthehumandietisprovidedbyplants.B．Itsaimistoremindpeopletogetalongwithnature.C．Itisalsotheanswertoseveraldevelopmentchallenges.D．ThatiswhytheUNdecidedtocelebratethedayeveryyear.E．Ifwehavedifficultydeveloping,wemayturntobiodiversity.F．Becausetherearealreadymanyholidaysinthattimeoftheyear.

熱愛和敬畏自然 TheInternationalDayforBiologicalDiversity(生物多樣性日)iscelebratedonMay22.21.______【解析】由上文“TheInternationalDayforBiologicalDiversity(生物多樣性日)iscelebratedonMay22”可推知，接下來(lái)應(yīng)介紹生物多樣性日的宗旨。故選B。B Thedaywasfirstcreatedin1993bytheUNanditwasonDecember29th.In2000,theUNchangedittoMay22.ThiswaspartlyinmemoryoftheUNconvention(公約)onMay22，1992.ButitwasalsohardformanycountriestoorganizeeventsonDecember29.22.______Everyyear,thecelebrationsofthedayareorganizedonadifferenttopic.Thetopicin2022is“Buildingasharedfutureforalllife”.Themessagebehindis