coldshut,blacksurface,dragmark,stripping,wave,stickymaterial,trimmingwoundandraisedsliderarenotallowedonpartscoldshut,blacksurface,dragmark,stripping,wave,stickymaterial,trimmingwoundandraisedsliderarenotallowedonpartsA.尺寸，形狀缺陷鑄造缺陷?尺寸超差?尺寸不合格?模樣錯(cuò)誤?壁厚不均?鑄型下垂?錯(cuò)型?舂移?塌型上型下沉，沉芯?飛翅?翹曲鑄件變形擠箱?型裂?掉砂變形B.縮孔?縮孔?內(nèi)部縮孔?敞露縮孔?縮松shrinkage磕碰：knockedwounded劃傷：scratch變形:bendingwarping拉傷：drags龜裂：turtlecracks，networkcracks夾雜：inclusions銹蝕，發(fā)霉：rust，corrosion裂紋：cracks氣泡：blisters氣孔：gasporosity油污：stainedcasting夾層：laminations成形不良：non-fills零件外觀不允許有明顯壓鑄缺陷如冷隔、發(fā)黑拉傷、起皮、水紋、粘料、切傷、滑塊凸起castingdefectsimpropershrinkageallowancewrongsizeexcessrappingofpattern,deformedpattern,differentthicknessmoldsagmoldshift,shift,miss-match,cross-jointramoff,ramawaymolddrop,dropoff,dropout,dropstickersag（上型和型芯下垂導(dǎo)致壁厚減?。ゝins,jointflashwarpage,buckling,warping,camberwarpedcastingpushup,cramp-offbrokenmold,crackedcrushofmold,crushdeformation,castingdistortion,warpedcasting由凝固收縮引起）shrinkage,shrinkagedcavityinternalshrinkage,dispersedshrinkage,blindshrinkageopenshrinkage,externalshrinkages,sinkmarks,depressionporosity,shrinkageporosity,leakers,microshrinkage,disperded

縮陷芯面縮孔內(nèi)角縮孔出汗孔線狀縮孔sinkmarks,draw,suck-in縮陷芯面縮孔內(nèi)角縮孔出汗孔線狀縮孔coreshrinkagecornershrinkage,filletshrinkageextrudedbead,exudationC.氣體缺陷（由氣體引起的孔）C.氣體缺陷（由氣體引起的孔）氣孔blowholes,gashole,blow針孔pinholes裂紋狀缺陷，線狀缺陷fissuredefectsD.裂紋裂紋縮裂季裂crackshrinkagecrackseasoncracking,seasoncrack應(yīng)力熱裂淬火裂紋應(yīng)力冷裂龜裂crack應(yīng)力熱裂淬火裂紋應(yīng)力冷裂龜裂crack激冷層裂紋，E.夾雜物夾渣slag砂眼sand其他夾雜物脹砂掉砂硬點(diǎn)浮渣白裂chillcrack白裂chillcrackinclusion,inclusion,theotherslagblowholesraisedsand,sandholeinclusioninclusion,inclusion,theotherpushup,cramp-off,sandholecrush,crushofmoldhardspotdross（澆注后在鑄型內(nèi)形成的缺陷，尤其是石墨、氧化物和硫化物的線狀缺陷的總稱(chēng)另外，澆注過(guò)程中被卷進(jìn)去的缺陷成為夾渣和砂眼，兩者的區(qū)別是形成原因不同）石墨浮渣graphitedross,carbondross氧化皮夾渣oxidedross,oxideinclusion,skins,seams硫化物熔渣sulfidedross沉淀物sludge夾渣物sandinclusion,oxideinclusion,skins,seams黑點(diǎn)，黑渣blackspots,lustrouscarbon涂料夾渣blacking,refractorycoatinginclusions光亮碳膜lustrouscarbonfilms,kishtracks外觀缺陷澆不足misrun,shortrun,coldlap,coldshut冷隔coldshut,coldlapssurfacefold,gasrun,elephantskin,seams,scare,flowmarksrun-out,runout,break-out,bleedermolddrop,stiker輕度冷隔seam兩重皮plate皺皮漏箱漏芯surfacefold,gasrun,elephantskin,seams,scare,flowmarksrun-out,runout,break-out,bleedermolddrop,stiker未澆滿(mǎn)shortpours,shortrun,pouredshort氣孔blowholes,blow飛翅fins，jointflash脹砂，氣皰swell,blister芯撐未融合chapletshut,insertcoldshut,unfusedchaplet?熱粘砂burnin熱痕flowmarks內(nèi)滲豆，冷豆，冷隔internalsweating,coldshot,shotiron外滲物sweating磷化物滲豆phosphidesweat?鉛滲豆?錫滲豆leadsweattinsweat掉砂rat,sticker（型砂的一部分附著在模樣上而形成的表面缺陷）型芯缺陷砂芯斷裂crushedcore,brokencore砂芯壓碎brokencore芯面縮孔 coreblow砂芯縮孔 coreblow砂芯下垂sagcore,deformedcore砂芯彎曲deformedcore漂芯shiftedcore,coreraise,raisedcore,moldelementcutout偏芯coreshift表面缺陷沾砂burnon,sandburning,burnin,penetration粘型（金屬型）fusion兩重皮laminations,plat機(jī)械粘砂penetration,metalpenetration夾渣結(jié)疤scabs,expansionscabs,cornerscab表面粗糙roughcasting,roughsurface鼠尾buckle,rattail涂料結(jié)疤blackingscab,washscabs烘干不足seversurface,washscabs熟痕surfacedefectcastingbycombinationofgasandshrinkage（在靠近厚斷面處形成下陷的蛇狀傷痕）涂料剝落washerosion氣皰blister,surfaceorsubsurfaceblowhole表面粗糙roughsurface,seems,scars起皮stripping剝落結(jié)疤pulldown,spallingscab傷痕crow'sfeet麻面pittingsurface,orangepeel,alligatorskin熱裂痕surfacefolds,gasruns泡疤表面surfacefolds,gasruns象皮狀皺皮surfacefold,gasrun,elephantskin皺皮surfacefold,gasrun,seams,scare,flowmarks

波紋沖砂wash沖蝕I.組織缺陷（鑄鐵）球化不良poornodularity,degeneratedgraphite異常石墨波紋沖砂wash沖蝕I.組織缺陷（鑄鐵）球化不良poornodularity,degeneratedgraphite異常石墨abnormalgraphite開(kāi)花狀石墨explodedgraphite過(guò)冷石墨undercooledgraphite,D-typegraphite石墨細(xì)小顆粒chunkygraphite石墨粗大kishgraphite,kish整列石墨alignedgraphite石墨魏氏組織Widmannstattengraphite麻口灰點(diǎn)反麻口白口反白口冷豆waveerosionmottledcastiron,mottlemottleinversemottle（與麻口相反，在薄斷面處和尖角處形成的麻口）chillreversechill,inversechillextrudedbead,exudation,internalsweatingJ.coarseneddendriticinversesegregationgravitysegregationsolutesegregationmacroscopicsegregationmicroscopicsegregationcoarseneddendriticinversesegregationgravitysegregationsolutesegregationmacroscopicsegregationmicroscopicsegregation斷口缺陷ferriterimpearliterimpearliticrim,pictureframe,pearlitelayerheterogeneousfracturedsurfacescatteredchillstructure,coldflakesroughgrainspikyfracturedsurfacerockcandyfracturesurfaceK. 力學(xué)性能缺陷硬點(diǎn)hardspot（對(duì)鑄件，硬點(diǎn)是硬區(qū)、白口或冷豆等力學(xué)性能缺陷的總稱(chēng)；對(duì)鋁合金，硬點(diǎn)是鑄件內(nèi)各種高硬度相，如初晶Si相、金屬間化合物、氧化物，偏析等總稱(chēng)）硬度不良poorhardness,toohighorlowhardness使用性能缺陷腐蝕性不良 poorcorrosionresistance切削性不良 poormachinability麻點(diǎn)tornsurface鋅晶間腐蝕zincintergranularcorrosion電導(dǎo)率不良poorelectricalconductivity

M.其他缺陷?殘留飛翅?殘留黑皮residualfinresidualblackskin澆道冒口斷口缺肉brokencastingatgate,riserorvent?端部缺肉?切口缺肉inside