NaturalDisastersSectionB

ReadingandThinking

ⅠⅡⅢⅠ.知識體系圖解

crackruinshockelectricitytrapbury

breathe

reviveeffortunify

wisdomsufferⅠⅡⅢ嚴(yán)重受損;破敗不堪似乎;好像;仿佛震驚;吃驚遭受結(jié)束站起來……的數(shù)目成千上萬的吹走只有;只不過挖出倒塌;跌倒ⅠⅡⅢⅠⅡⅢⅡ.釋義匹配1.crack

A.tobringtogether2.trap B.apieceofequipmentforcatchinganimals3.revive C.thesituationwithinwhichsomethingexistsorhappens4.unify D.averynarrowspacebetweenpartsofsomething5.context E.tocomeorbringsomethingbacktolife,health,existence,oruse答案:1.D

2.B

3.E

4.A

5.CⅠⅡⅢⅢ.閱讀導(dǎo)學(xué)根據(jù)P50課文內(nèi)容,選擇正確答案。1.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlytellus?A.Howanearthquakehappens.B.Somesignsoftheearthquake.C.Whystrangethingshappenthere.D.Whatthepeacefulcitylookedlike.2.Whathappenedatabout3:00amonJuly28?A.Peoplefelttheearthwasshaking.B.Fishwereseenjumpingoutofwater.C.Strangeloudsoundwasheardinthesky.D.Brightstarswereseeninthesky.答案:B答案:CⅠⅡⅢ3.Howdidtheauthorfeelabouttheearthquakeinthetext?A.Seriousandhopeless.B.Sadandhopeless.C.Seriousandhopeful.D.Angrybuthopeful.4.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Thewholecitywasatanend.B.Thearmy’scomingbroughthopetothecity.C.Peoplelosthopewhenfacedwiththeterribleearthquake.D.Thesignsbeforetheearthquakeweren’tobviousatall.答案:C答案:B重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)1.ruin

n.&vt.破壞;毀壞【課文原句】Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.不到一分鐘,一個大城市便成為廢墟。【詞匯精講】句中的ruin意為“破壞;毀壞”,是名詞。ruin還可以做及物動詞,意為“破壞;毀壞”。Nomatterhowfamousabrandis,itcanberuinedonceitbetraysthetrustofconsumers.無論一個品牌有多大名氣,一旦辜負(fù)了消費者的信任它就有可能會毀滅。Whentheyreturnedtotheirhometownthenextday,theyfounditinruins.當(dāng)他們第二天回到故鄉(xiāng)的時候,他們發(fā)現(xiàn)那已經(jīng)是廢墟了。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)【詞匯拓展】Manyancientsculpturesfell

into

ruinaftertheearthquake.地震過后,許多古代的雕塑都?xì)Я恕urvacationwas

ruined

bythetyphoon.我們的假期被臺風(fēng)給毀了。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)damage,ruin,destroy重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)2.shock

n.

震驚;令人震驚的事;休克vt.(使)震驚【課文原句】Peoplewereinshock—andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain.人們都感到震驚——然后,當(dāng)天下午晚些時候,又一次大地震再次震動了唐山?！驹~匯精講】句中的shock是名詞,意為“震驚”,inshock意為“震驚;吃驚”。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)Shebroughttherosesin,andthenjustlookedattheminshock.她將玫瑰拿進(jìn)屋,吃驚地看著它們。Thefailurewasagreatshocktome.那次失敗給我很大的打擊。TherewassomethingwrongwiththeswitchandIgotashock.開關(guān)有問題,電了我一下。Thepatientwastakentohospitalsufferingfromshock.病人因休克被送往醫(yī)院。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)【詞匯拓展】

shock表示“吃驚;震驚;令人震驚的事情”時是可數(shù)名詞,表示“(身心受到的)打擊;震驚”和“休克”時是不可數(shù)名詞。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)3.breathe

vi.&vt.呼吸【課文原句】Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.慢慢地,這座城市又恢復(fù)了生機?！驹~匯精講】句中的breathe意為“呼吸”,是不及物動詞。breathe也可做及物動詞。Theairissodirtythatitisdifficulttobreathe.空氣太臟了,呼吸很困難。Peopleareconcernedaboutthequalityoftheairtheybreathe.人們關(guān)心他們呼吸的空氣的質(zhì)量。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)【詞匯拓展】

重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)4.effort

n.

努力;艱難的嘗試;盡力【課文原句】Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelesseffortsofthecity’speople,anewTangshanwasbuiltupontheearthquakeruins.在政府的大力支持和市民的不懈努力下,在地震廢墟上建造了一座新的唐山。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)【詞匯精講】effort表示一般性的努力(即表泛指意義),通常是不可數(shù)名詞。若強調(diào)一次一次具體的努力,通常是可數(shù)名詞,尤其與all,these等修飾語連用時。Thefilmindustryshouldmakegreatereffortstoattractmoreviewers.電影業(yè)要盡更大的努力吸引更多的觀眾。Parentsarrangeeverythingfortheirchildrenandsparenoefforttopavethewayfortheirsuccess.父母為孩子安排好一切,不遺余力地為他們的成功鋪路。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)【詞匯拓展】

重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)5.suffer

vt.遭受;蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦【課文原句】Whatkindofhelpdoyouthinkpeoplewhohavesufferedanearthquakeneed?你認(rèn)為遭受地震災(zāi)害的人需要什么樣的幫助?【詞匯精講】句中的suffer意為“遭受;蒙受”,是及物動詞。IthinkshesufferedalotintheAfricanforest.我認(rèn)為她在非洲叢林里受了不少苦。Althoughwearesufferingsuchaseverenaturaldisaster,wewilleventuallyovercomethedifficultyaslongaswedon’tloseheart.盡管遭受如此嚴(yán)重的自然災(zāi)害,但只要不灰心,我們終會克服困難。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)【詞匯拓展】sufferfrom遭受;患病sufferpain/defeat/hardship/damage遭受痛苦/失敗/艱難/破壞sufferingn.痛苦;苦惱;讓人痛苦的事sufferern.患難者;患病者M(jìn)anypeoplesuffered

fromthisterriblediseaseandlosttheirlives.許多人被這種可怕的疾病奪去了生命。Don’tworry!Theanimalwon’tsuffer

any

pain.別擔(dān)心,這只動物不會感到任何痛苦的。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)(1)suffer指抽象的損害、痛苦等,如:sufferpain/defeat/losses/theresult/sideeffects“遭受痛苦/失敗/損失/(承受)結(jié)果/副作用”。(2)sufferfrom常加具體的表示不幸或痛苦的名詞,如:遭受戰(zhàn)爭、自然災(zāi)害、疾病帶來的痛苦。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)1.Chickens

and

even

pigs

were

too

nervous

to

eat,and

dogs

refused

to

go

inside

buildings.雞,甚至豬都緊張得不吃東西,狗也不肯進(jìn)入大樓里面去。【句式剖析】本句是一個并列句。在第一個分句中,句子的主語是Chickensandevenpigs,動詞不定式短語toeat做結(jié)果狀語。too...todosth意為“太……以致不……”,too后接形容詞或副詞,to是動詞不定式符號,后接動詞原形,動詞不定式表示否定意義。Theroadwastoonarrowforlargetruckstogetthroughbecauseoflandslide.由于滑坡,路太窄了,大型卡車通不過。Themanwastootiredtogoanyfarther.那個人太累了,走不動了。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)【句式拓展】在以下幾種情況中,too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)可以表示肯定意義,而不是否定意義:(1)當(dāng)不定式前有否定詞修飾時。Heistoofoolishtounderstandthis.他太蠢,不會明白這一點。Heistooclevernottounderstandthis.他太聰明,不會不明白這一點。(2)當(dāng)副詞too的前面有否定詞修飾時。Never

toooldtolearn.活到老學(xué)到老。It’snever

toolatetostopsmoking.戒煙何時都不算晚。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)(3)當(dāng)副詞too后面修飾的形容詞是glad,ready,pleased等表示“積極”意義的詞匯時。Wearetoo

ready

tohelpyou.我們很樂意幫助你。Ishallbeonlytoo

pleased

togethome.我要回到家里就非常高興。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)2.It

seemed

as

if

the

world

were

coming

to

an

end!仿佛世界末日即將來臨!【句式剖析】本句是一個主從復(fù)合句,主句是Itseemed,asif引導(dǎo)的是表語從句。Itlooksas

if/thoughitisgoingtorain.看起來要下雨了。Bequick!Itlooksas

if/thoughthetrainisgoingtomove.快點!看起來火車要開了。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)【句式拓展】asif=asthough既可以引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句也可以引導(dǎo)表語從句。當(dāng)說話者認(rèn)為句子所述的是不真實的或極少有可能發(fā)生或存在的情況時,從句虛擬語氣動詞時態(tài)的形式如下:重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)Thewomanlovesthechildrenas

if/thoughsheweretheirmother.這位女士愛這些孩子,好像她就是他們的媽媽一樣。Thegirllistenedas

if/thoughshehadbeenturnedintoastone.那女孩傾聽著,像已經(jīng)變成了石頭似的。如果asif引導(dǎo)的從句中的主語和主句的主語相同,且含有be動詞,可省略從句主語和be動詞,這樣asif后就只剩下名詞、不定式、形容詞(短語)、介詞短語或分詞。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)Ⅰ.單句填空1.Withits10-metre-longpipe,peoplewho

(trap)intheruins,willbeabletogetsuppliesincludingoxygenandwater.

答案:weretrapped2.Iwaslookingformyhandbag,which

(bury)underapileofoldnewspapers.

答案:wasburied3.Themantookadeepbreathandsatupslowlyand

greateffort.

答案:with重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)4.Thelossofbigtreeswasgreatestinareaswheretrees

(suffer)thegreatestwatershortage.(2019·浙江卷)

答案:hadsuffered5.Babbitt’steamconductedtheresearchtofindout

(electrical)consumptionofthedevices.(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)

答案:electricity重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)Ⅱ.課文語篇填空AterribleearthquakehitthecityofTangshanonJuly28,1976,in

thousandsofpeoplediedandmanywereinjured.Peopleweregreatly

(shock)becausenearlyallthebuildingsfelldownandthewholecitylayin

(ruin).Alltheelectricitywascutoffandpeoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisaster

(last).Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingto

end.

which

shockedruinswouldlastan重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(xí)ThepeopleofTangshandidn’tlosehopebecause150,000soldiersweresenttohelptherescueworkers.Thesoldierstriedtheirbest

(dig)outthosewhoweretrapped.Theyalsobuiltsheltersforthe

(survive).Freshwaterwastakentothecitybyeverymeans.

(slow),thecitybegantocomebacktolife.

Itwassaidthatbeforetheearthquake,strangethingshappenedinthecountryside.Thewaterinthevillagewellsroseand

(fall).Fishjumpedoutofthepo