選擇性必修第二冊Unit6Survival單元知識梳理Ⅰ.閱讀單詞1．seasideadj.____________2．newcomern.____________3．lambn.____________4．garlicn.____________5．crucialadj.____________6．kitn.____________7．clayn.____________8．indoorsadv.____________9．firefightern.____________10．blazen.____________11．fierceadj.____________12．Marsn.____________13．wipev.____________14．nuclearadj.____________15．unmannedadj.____________16．spacecraftn.____________17．orbitv.____________18．a(chǎn)stronautn.____________19．capsulen.____________20．trunkn.____________Ⅱ.核心單詞1．________n.小偷，賊2．________n.狐貍3．________adj.城市的，城鎮(zhèn)的4．________n.垃圾5．________v.估計，估算6．________n.洞穴7．________n.燃料8．________n.機構(gòu)；(尤指政府內(nèi)的)局，部，處9．________v.推定，推斷Ⅲ.拓展單詞1．crimen．罪，罪行→________n．罪犯adj.犯罪的2．suburbn．郊區(qū)，城郊→________adj.郊區(qū)的；市郊的3．greedyadj.貪婪的，貪心的；渴望的→________n．貪婪；渴望4．commitv．犯(錯誤或罪行)→________n．承諾；保證；獻身；投入5．a(chǎn)ppreciatev．欣賞；賞識；鑒賞→________n．欣賞；感激→________adj.贊賞的；感激的6．restrictv．限制，控制→________n．限制；限定→________adj.限制性的7．hikern．徒步旅行者，遠(yuǎn)足者→________v．去遠(yuǎn)足8．optimisticadj.樂觀的；樂觀主義的→________n．樂觀主義→________adj.悲觀的9．consumptionn．(精力、油、電等的)消耗量→________v．消耗→________n．消費者10．reactvi.做出反應(yīng)，回應(yīng)→________n．反應(yīng)，回應(yīng)11．monthlyadj.每月一次的→________n．月，月份12．a(chǎn)dvancedadj.先進的，高級的→________vi.前進；取得進展n．進展，進步13．terrifyingadj.極其可怕的，駭人聽聞的→________adj.害怕的→________v．使害怕14．consistv．由……組成→________adj.一致的15．exposev．使暴露(于險境)→________n．暴露，顯露→________adj.暴露的Ⅳ.重點短語1．____________適應(yīng)；與……一致2．____________提供；供使用3．____________確實，確定無疑4．____________應(yīng)付(某種情況)5．____________使……處于控制之下6．____________擺脫，除去7．____________徹底摧毀，消滅8．____________由……組成，由……構(gòu)成9．____________在此期間，與此同時10．____________分開11．____________面臨12．____________暴露于……Ⅴ.經(jīng)典句式1．Withnowhereelsetomaketheirhomes，they________________________inwithus.由于無處安家，它們別無選擇只能搬來和我們一起住。2．__________________________，theyofferincreasinglyappealingspacestoanimalslookingfornewhabitats.隨著我們的城市環(huán)境變得更好，它們?yōu)閷ふ倚聴⒌氐膭游锾峁┝嗽絹碓轿说目臻g。3．__________________________towardsharmoniouslysharingoururbanhabitats.只有這樣，我們才能期待和諧地共享我們的城市棲息地。4．________________________humankindisdrawntowardsMars，withdreamsofmakingitoursecondhome.毫無疑問，人類被火星吸引，夢想著把它作為我們的第二個家園。5．____________________________________，itwouldtakemonthstoreachMars,travellingthroughdangeroussolarradiation.雖然到達月球需要幾天，但到達火星卻需要數(shù)月，而且要穿越危險的太陽輻射。重點知識突破1.appreciatevt.欣賞；感激；意識到(1)appreciate＋n./pron./v.-ing重視/感激……I'dappreciateitif...我將不勝感激……(2)appreciationn.欣賞；感激expressone'sappreciation/thankstosb.forsth.對某人表達感激之情基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)——單句語法填空①Iappreciate________(give)theopportunitytoworkinyourcompanytwoyearsago.②HereIsincerelyexpressmy________(appreciate)ifyoucouldhelpfindthelostsuitcase.能力提升——微寫作③[2022·北京卷]如果你給我們一些指導(dǎo)，我將感激不盡。Iwouldappreciateit_________________________________________________________.【佳句背誦】[2021·新高考卷Ⅰ]Thiswasthesortofworkthatmadeyouappreciatethedollarsyouearnedandrespectthosewhodidthework.這種工作讓我意識到要重視自己的勞動所得并尊重那些工作的人?！久麕熤附颉慨?dāng)appreciate,hate,dislike,love,like,dependon等詞后接賓語從句時，一般先加it，再接賓語從句。2.exposev．使置身于危險中；暴露；揭露；使曝光(1)exposesth./sb./oneselfto...使某物/某人/自己暴露于……(2)exposuren.暴露，顯露(3)exposedadj.無遮蔽的；無保護的beexposedto暴露于；經(jīng)受基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)——單句語法填空①Somepeoplethinkweshouldn'texposethechildrento________(play)computergames.②________(expose)tothegarbagefortoolongwillbeharmfultoyourhealth.③[2022·全國乙卷]Theyoftencoveronlytheireyeswiththeirhands,leavingtherestoftheirbodies________(expose)．能力提升——句式升級④Asshewasexposedtosuchloudmusic,thegirlfeltalittleuncomfortable.(過去分詞作狀語)→________________________，thegirlfeltalittleuncomfortable.【佳句背誦】Whenchildrenareexposedtodifficultsituations,theyarebetterathandlingchallengingsituations.當(dāng)孩子們面臨困難情況時，他們更善于處理具有挑戰(zhàn)性的情況。3.getridof擺脫；除去；處理掉(1)ridvt.擺脫；除去rid...of...使……擺脫/除去……(2)getridof擺脫基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)——單句語法填空①ThankstotheSilenceMachine,aBritishinvention,youcangetrid________thesoundwithoutupsettingtheboyorhisparents.②Whycouldn'theeverrid________(he)ofthosethoughts,thoseworries?能力提升——一句多譯我已經(jīng)改掉了不尊重他人的壞習(xí)慣。③Ihave________________________________________________________________________.(ridv．)④Ihave________________________________________________________________________.(getridof)【名師指津】rid...of...中，rid后的賓語是sb.或somewhere，擺脫或除掉的東西放在of后面。類似用法的短語還有：rob...of...,remind...of...,warn...of...,cure...of...,inform...of...。4.makeeffortstodo努力做makeeffortstodo＝makeanefforttodo努力做某事puteffortintosth.付出很大努力sparenoeffort不遺余力witheffort努力地withouteffort毫不費力地基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)——單句語法填空①ManyexcellentChinesearchitectsaremakinggreatefforts________takethecentrestage.②Ifwecouldallmake________efforttokeeptheofficetidier,itwouldhelp.能力提升——微寫作③我們應(yīng)該盡我們最大的努力讓我們的國家變得越來越漂亮。Weshould________________________________ourcountrymoreandmorebeautiful.5.句型公式：Only＋狀語(從句)位于句首引起的部分倒裝(教材原句)Onlythencanwelooktowardsharmoniouslysharingoururbanhabitats.只有這樣，我們才能尋求和諧地共享我們的城市居住地。當(dāng)“only＋狀語(從句)”位于句首時，其后習(xí)慣上用部分倒裝。句型為“Only＋狀語(從句)＋be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞＋主語＋其他”。(1)“only＋主語”放在句首時不能使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。(2)“only＋狀語從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，狀語從句不能使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，即所謂的“主(句)倒從(句)不倒”。基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)——單句語法填空①OnlywhenLilywalkedintotheoffice________sherealizethatshehadleftthecontractathome.②Onlywithallyourtimeandenergy________youdothejobwell.能力提升——微寫作③只有當(dāng)我在英語口語比賽中獲得一等獎時，我才意識到精通英語口語的重要性。Onlywhen________________________________________________________itwasimportanttohaveagoodcommandofspokenEnglish.基礎(chǔ)分層自測維度一詞形轉(zhuǎn)換練1．[2022·全國甲卷]Caobelievesthiswillmakethe________(hike)tripevenmoremeaningful.2．[2022·北京卷]Tom,a15-year-oldinventorandentrepreneur(創(chuàng)業(yè)者),witnessedathisownschoolthewidespread________(consume)ofsugarydrinksbykids.3．[2022·全國乙卷]Verysmalldrones(無人機)with________(advance)sensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.4．Thoughhegotwhathehadwanted,helookedattheshopwindowwith________(greed)eyes.5．Hisparentsaretryingtomakeuptohimforthe________(restrict)ofurbanliving.6．It________(estimate)thatover50%ofallcrashesintheU．S.arecausedbydriverdistraction.維度二固定搭配和句型1．Wehavetakenonextrastafftocope________theincreasedworkload.2．Atlastthemanhadnochoicebut________(admit)tostealingthecomputerfromtheoffice.3．Iwouldextremelyappreciate________ifIhaveachancetoreceiveyourapproval.4．It'sthebestwaytogetrid________yourusedclothes,scoreclothesfromyourfriends,andhaveapartyallatthesametime.5．TheywerenotsurehowtheAmericanswouldreact________thenewtypeofmusic.維度三清除閱讀障礙熟詞生義——根據(jù)語境寫出加黑詞的詞性和詞義1．Becausethemoon'sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,ChinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspotwhereitcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.________2．Gradually,heappreciatedtheimportanceofcooperationwithcolleaguesandwasusedtocooperatingwiththem.________一詞多義——根據(jù)語境選出fuel的含義A.v.刺激B．v.給……加燃料C．n.燃料3．Eachmanwalkedforanhouratanaveragespeedthat,intheory,shouldallowhisbodytorelymainlyonfatforfuel．________4．Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas,whilereducingitinotherspots,leadingtochangesintheocean'sappearance.________5．Thehelicopterhasalreadybeenfuelledandisreadytotakeoff.________維度四完成句子/句式升級1．[2022·浙江6月卷]最近，我們學(xué)校圖書館一個新裝修的包括八個小組學(xué)習(xí)室的區(qū)域已經(jīng)向同學(xué)們開放了。Recently,anewly-furnishedsection,________________________________，hasbeenopentousstudentsinourschoollibrary.2．這些年來地球逐漸變暖的事實，使科學(xué)家們非常擔(dān)心。Thefact________________________________________________hasworriedmanyscientists.3．只有用這種方法我們才能消滅敵軍。(only句首，wipe)________________________________________________________________________theenemytroops.4．Whenchildrenareexposedtodifficultsituations,theyarebetterathandlingchallengingsituations.(分詞短語作狀語)→________________________，childrenarebetterathandlingchallengingsituations.寫作微技能應(yīng)用文主體段落句型公式之4——what從句典例背誦1.[2022·浙江6月卷]IwantedtoknowwhattheyweregoingthroughandIwasdesperatetoknowwhatIcoulddoforthem．我想要知道他們經(jīng)歷了什么，并渴望知道我可以為他們做些什么。2．[2021·天津3月卷]Whatisthemostimpressiveisitsmanymulti-levelwaterfallsandcolorfullakes.最令人印象深刻的是它有許多的多級瀑布和五顏六色的湖泊。3．[2021·浙江6月卷]Iunderstoodimmediatelywhatmyparentswereworriedabout．我立刻明白了父母所擔(dān)心的事。4．[2020·全國卷Ⅲ]Whatpuzzlesmemostabouttheplayishowweshoulduseproperstagelanguagesfordifferentroles.這部戲最讓我困惑的是我們應(yīng)該如何為不同的角色使用合適的舞臺語言。嘗試仿寫1.[2020·天津7月卷]Wearealldeeplymovedby________________________________________．我們都被我們的校友們在與抗擊新冠疫情中所做的一切深深地感動。2．Eventhoughtheydidn'tdowellasexpected,theyfeltpleasedwith________________．盡管他們沒有像預(yù)期的那樣做得好，但他們對自己所做的感到滿意。3．________________________________________________，inwhichyoushowedoutstandingtalent.給我們印象最深的是你的藝術(shù)技巧，里面顯示出了不同凡響的才能。4．________________________isthespectacularviewofsunriseonthetopofit.最吸引游客的是山頂上壯麗的日出景色。Unit6Survival單元知識梳理Ⅰ.閱讀單詞1．海濱的2.新來者3.羔羊肉4.(大)蒜5.至關(guān)重要的，關(guān)鍵性的6.成套工具7.黏土8.在室內(nèi)9.消防隊員10.烈火，大火11.惡劣的，極端的12.火星13.擦，拭，揩14.核武器的15.無人駕駛(操縱)的16.宇宙飛船，航天器17.環(huán)繞……運行18.宇航員，太空人19.(航天器的)密封艙，太空艙20.樹干Ⅱ.核心單詞1．thief2.fox3.urban4.garbage5.estimate6.cave7.fuel8.agency9.inferⅢ.拓展單詞1．mitment5．a(chǎn)ppreciation;appreciative6.restriction;restrictive7．hike8.optimism;pessimistic9.consume;consumer10.reaction11.month12.advance13.terrified;terrify14.consistent15.exposure;exposedⅣ.重點短語1．fitinwith2.onoffer3.forsure4.copewith5．bring...undercontrol6.getridof7.wipeout8.consistof9.int