國(guó)家公共英語(yǔ)二級(jí)（閱讀理解）練習(xí)試

卷1（共7套）

（共210題）

國(guó)家公共英語(yǔ)二級(jí)（閱讀理解）練習(xí)試

卷第1套

一、閱讀理解（含3小題）（本題共72題，每題1.0

分，共72分。）

Doyouwanttoknowsomethingaboutthehistoryofweather?Don'tlookforold

weatherreports.Lookingattreeringsismoreimportant.Correctweatherreportsdate

backonlyonecentury,butsometreescanprovideanexactrecordoftheweathereven

furtherback.Itisnaturalthatatreewillgrowwellinaclimate（氣候）withplentyof

sunshineandrain-fall.Andlittlesunshineorrainfallwilllimitthegrowthofatree.The

changefromafavorabletoanunfavorableclimatecanbedeterminedbyreadingthe

patternofringsinatreetrunk."Tofindouttheweatheroftenyearsago,counttherings

ofatreefromtheoutsidetotheinside.Ifthetenthringisfarfromtheeleventhring,then

we'resurethatitwassunnyandrainymostofthatyear.Ifitisneartotheeleventhring,

thentheclimatethatyearwasbadforthetree.Treeringsareimportantnotonlyfor

studyingthehistoryofweatherbutalsoforstudyingthehistoryofman.Manycenturies

agotherelivedalotofpeopleataplaceinNewMexico.Butnowyoucanfindonlysand

there—notreesandnopeople.Whathappened?Ascientiststudiedpatternsofdeadtree

ringsthere.Hedecidedthatthepeoplehadtoleavebecausetheyhadcutdownallthe

trees.Treeswerenecessarytomakefiresandbuildings.So,afterthepeopledestroyedthe

trees,theyhadtomove.Inthisinstance,studyingtreeringsuncoveredanexcitingfact

aboutthehistoryofman.

1、Ifyouwanttofindouttheweatheroftwentyyearsago,youshouldstudy.

A、thetwentiethring

thetenthring

C、thenineteenthring

D、thetwenty-firstring

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推斷題。題干意為“如果想知道20年前的氣候，應(yīng)該研究'

從文章第二段最后兩句可推知，要想知道20年前的氣候，應(yīng)該研究第20條年輪，

所以本題的正確答案為A.

2、Itisunderstoodthatinafavorableclimate.

A、treeringsgrowclosetogether

B、treesinNewMexicowillgrowbigandtall

C、treeringsgrowfarapart

D、peoplecancutdownmostofthetreesinNewMexico

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推斷題。題干意為“在氣候好的時(shí)候。從文章第二段倒數(shù)

第二句話"Ifthetenthringisfarfromtheeleventhring,thenwe'resurethatitwas

sunnyandrainymostofthatyear."可推知，在氣候好的時(shí)候年輪寬。所以本題的正

確答案為C。

3、Scientistsareinterestedinstudyingtreeringsbecausetheycantell.

ANalotaboutwhathappenedinhistory

B、whetheraparticulartreewashealthyornot

C、whetherpeopletookgoodcareofthetreesornot

D、howoldthetreeswere

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“科學(xué)家們研究年輪是因?yàn)槟贻喛梢愿嬖V科學(xué)家

”從文章第三段第一句話"Treeringsareimportantnotonlyforstudying

thehistoryofweatherbutalsoforstudyingthehistoryofman.“可知，年輪對(duì)科學(xué)家研

究地球上的氣候環(huán)境和人類的歷史有著非常重要的參考價(jià)值。所以本題的正確答案

為Ao

HestoppedtrafficonFifthAvenueliketheBeatlesorMarilynMonroe.Hecouldhave

beenpresidentofIsraelorplayedviolinatCarnegieHall,buthewastoobusythinking.

HisthinkingonGod,loveandthemeaningoflifegrace（裝飾）ourgreetingcardsand

day-timers.Fiftyyearsafterhisdeath,Einsteinremainsthebestscientistofthemodern

time.Lookingback2,400years,onlyNewton,GalileoandAristotlewerehisequals.

Aroundtheworld,universitiesandacademies（研究院）arecelebratingthe100th

anniversary（周年）ofEinstein's"miracle（傳奇的）year"whenhepublishedfive

scientificpapersin1905thatbasicallychangedourunderstandingaboutspace,time,light

andmatter.Onlyhecouldtophimselfabouttenyearslaterwithhistheoryofrelativity

（相對(duì)論）.Bornintheageofhorse-drawncarriages,hisideasbroughtabouta

technologicalrevolutionthathasmademorechangeinacenturythanintheprevioustwo

thousandyears.Computers,satellites,telecommunication,lasers,televisionsandnuclear

powerallowetheirinventiontowaysinwhichEinsteinexposed（揭露）astrangerand

morecomplicatedrealityunderneaththeworld.HeescapedHitler'sGermanyand

devotedtherestofhislifetohumanrightsandpeace.Hespokeoutagainstfascism（法西

斯主義）HisFBIfileran1,400pages.Hislettersexposeadisorderlypersonallife一

marriedtwiceandindifferent（漠不關(guān)心的）towardhischildrenwhileabsorbed（專注于）

inphysics.Yetheattractedloversandadmirerswithpoetryandsailboatoutings.

4、InthefirstparagraphweknowthatEinstein.

A、hadrunforpresidentbeforeheworkedathisresearch

B、hadthegiftforpoliticsandmusic

C>wasanexcellentviolinist

D、wasmoreapoliticalleaderoramusicianthanathinker

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推斷題。題干意為“從文章第一段我們可以得知愛(ài)因斯坦?！?/p>

從文章第一段第二句話可知，他本可以成為以色列總統(tǒng)，或在卡內(nèi)基音樂(lè)廳演奏小

提琴，但他卻把時(shí)間都用來(lái)思考。由此可推知他具有政治和音樂(lè)天賦。所以本題的

正確答案為B。

5、Whywas1905calledEinstein's''miracleyear"?

A、Becausehetoppedhimselfwiththetheoryofrelativity.

Becausehewrotefiveimportantarticlestohelppeoplebetterunderstandspace,time,

lightandmatter.

C、Becausehepublishedfivepapersonhistheoryofrelativity.

D、Becausehemadeimportantdiscoveriesofspace,time,lightandmatter.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B-

多識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“為什么1905年是愛(ài)因斯坦的傳奇年？”從文章第

三段第一句話”...whenhepublishedfivescientificpapersin1905thatbasicallychanged

ourunderstandingaboutspace,time,lightandmatter.”可知,愛(ài)因斯坦在1905年發(fā)

表了五篇科學(xué)論文，從根本上改變了人們對(duì)空間、時(shí)間、光和物質(zhì)的理解。所以本

題的正確答案為B。

6、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"previous"（line2,para.4）mean?

A、Latter.

Before.

C、Former.

D、First.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：語(yǔ)義題。題干意為“第四段第二行的單詞'previous，是什么意思？，'從文

章第四段第一句話可知，愛(ài)因斯坦出生在馬車盛行的年代，但他的理論和思想?yún)s引

發(fā)了一場(chǎng)科學(xué)技術(shù)革命。在短短百年中，這場(chǎng)科技革命帶來(lái)的變化遠(yuǎn)比"previous”

2,000年來(lái)的總變化還要多。因此可推知“previous”的意思是“以往的”。因此本題

的正確答案為B。

AlittleoverayearagoIbegantrainingtoswimtheEnglishChannelthisOctober.I

wouldbe60yearsoldthen.MyfriendthoughtIhadlostmymind;mywife,thoughnot

fearingformysanity（神志清晰）,wassomewhatapprehensive（擔(dān)心的）.ThequestionI

wasaskedoverandoverwasthis:Why?WhenastudentreporteratIndianarecently

askedmethisquestion,Isaid,"First,letmeaskyouaquestion.Whatareyourplansfor

thissummer?"Herepliedthathewasgoingtoworkinasupermarket.Ididn'thavetosay

more;heunderstoodmypoint.Achallenge（挑戰(zhàn)）andadventuresarewelcomewhether

youareattheageof20or60.ButwhydidIdecidetoswimtheChannelat60?The

Channelhasalwaysbeentherealchallengetoswimmers;atestofability,endurance（耐

力）,luckandevenbravery.Itisthischallengethatattractsabout150swimmersayear

whoarewillingtospendtime,effortandmoneytotryit.Onefactthatincreasesmy

interestisthat,ifIsucceed,IwillbetheoldestpersonevertoswimtheChannel.Idon't

thinkI'masuperman（超人）.IdothinkIhaveatleastthreethingsgoingforme:First,I

amtraininghard.Second,Iamaverygoal-oriented（有目標(biāo)的）personfbrwhomthis

swimhaslongbeenagoal.Third,IhaveafeelingIwillbepsychologically（心理上）

ready.

7、Mostlikely,theauthorofthispassagedecidedtoswimtheChannelbecause

he______

A、enjoysachallenge

doesnotrecognizethedifficultiesinvolved（涉及）

C、isbasicallyashow-off

D、hasmadeabet（打賭）withothers

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知日點(diǎn)解析：推斷題。題干意為“作者決定橫渡英吉利海峽是因?yàn)椤睆奈恼?/p>

第三段“Achallengeandadventuresarewelcomewhetheryouareattheageof20or60.”

可知，人不管是20歲還是60歲，都喜歡挑戰(zhàn)和冒險(xiǎn)。由此，可以推出作者是由于

喜歡挑戰(zhàn)而做出了此決定。所以本題的正確答案為A。

8、Accordingtotheauthor,.

A^swimmingtheChannelisatestoftemperance（自制力）

B>physicaltrainingseemstobemoreimportantthanbeinggoal-oriented

C^ifhesucceeds,hewillrestonhislaurels（榮譽(yù)）

D、manyswimmersattempttheChanneleveryyear

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“按照作者所述，”從文章第五段第二句“It

isthischallengethatattractsabout150swimmersayearwhoarcwillingtospendtime,

effortandmoneytotryit”可知，每年有許多游泳者愿意花費(fèi)時(shí)間、精力、金錢來(lái)挑

戰(zhàn)英吉利海峽。所以本題的正確答案為D。

9、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A、Hiswifesupportedhim.

B、Unlikehisfriends,hiswifethoughthehaslosthishead,ratherthanhismind.

C>Hiswifewasnotsurewhetherhewasserious.

D、Hiswifewasalsoabitworried.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“下面哪個(gè)說(shuō)法是正確的？”從文章第一段第三句話

“MyfriendthoughtIhadlostmymind；mywife,thoughnotfearingfbrmysanity,

wassome-what叩prehensive.“可知，作者的妻子認(rèn)為他的神志是清晰的，但是還是

有些擔(dān)心。所以本題的正確答案為D。

Sixtyvolunteers（志愿者）werealphabetically（按照字母順序的）dividedintotwoequal

groups.GroupAtotakepartinaseven-weekexerciseprogram,andGroupBtoavoid

（避免）deliberate（刻意的；有意的）exerciseofanysort.JOnthedaybeforethe

exerciseprogrambegan,all60mentookpartinastep-test.Thisincludedsteppingup

anddownona15-inchbenchat40stepsperminutefor5minutes.Oneminutelater,the

pulserate（脈搏速度）ofeachsubjectwastakenandrecorded.Thisservedasthepretest

fortheexperiment.Forthenext7weeks,sub-jcctsintheexperimentalgroup（GroupA）

rodeanexercycle（amotor-drivenbicycle-typeexercisemachine）for20minuteseach

day.Theexerciseschedule（日程表）calledforriderstoridearelaxed（放松的）way

duringthefirstday'sride,onlyholdingontothehandlebarsandfootpedals（肽口踏板）as

themachinemoved.Then,forthenext3days,theyrodearelaxedwayfor50secondsof

eachminute,andpushed,pulled,andpedaledactivelyfor10secondsofeachminute.The

ratio（比率）ofactiveridingwasincreasedeveryfewdays,bytheseventhweektheriders

wereperforming20solid（連續(xù)的）minutesofactiveriding.Attheendoftheseven

weeks,thestep-testwasagaingiventoallthesubjects,andtheirpulsestaken.Thepost-

cxcrciscpulseratesofsubjectsintheexperimentalgroupwerefoundtohavedecreased

anaverageof30hcartbeatsperminute,withthelowestdecrease29andthehighestde-

crease45.Thepulseratesofsubjectsinthecontrolgroupremainedthesameorchanged

bynomorethan4beats,withanaveragedifferencebetweenthebeginningandfinaltests

ofzero.

10、WhatdidGroupBdointheirprogram?

A、Theysteppedupanddownonabencheachday.

B、Theypushedandpulledonexercisehandleseveryday.

C、Theyrodeonanexercycleeveryday.

D、Theytriednottodoanyexerciseonpurpose.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“在實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目中B組人做什么？”從文章第一段第

一句話”...andGroupBtoavoiddeliberateexerciseofanysort.“可知，B組人要盡量避

免任何形式的刻意運(yùn)動(dòng)。所以本題的正確答案為D。

11、Thestep-testwasgiven.

A、aftereachexerciseperiod

B、onlyonce,atthebeginningoftheseven-weekperiod

C、atthebeginningandattheendoftheseven-weekperiod

D、twicetothemeninGroupAandoncetothemeninGroupB

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“什么時(shí)候進(jìn)行跳臺(tái)階測(cè)試？”從文章第一段第二句

話“Onthedaybeforetheexerciseprogrambegan,all60mentookpartinastep-test.”和

第二段第一句話“Attheendofthesevenweeks,thestep-testwasagaingiventoallthe

subjects,andtheirpulsestaken,”可知,在為期7星期的訓(xùn)練前后都有跳臺(tái)階測(cè)

試。所以本題的正確答案為C。

12>Whenwerepulseratestaken?

A、Aftereveryexerciseperiod.

B、Everyday.

C、Afterthestep-tests.

D、Everytimetheratioofactiveridingwasincreased.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為‘、什么時(shí)候測(cè)量脈搏？''從文章第一段第四句話Pnc

minutelater,thepulserateofeachsubjectwastakenandrecorded.”和第二段第一句話

"...thestep-testwasagaingiventoallthesubjects,andtheirpulsestaken.“可知，本題

的正確答案為C。

二、閱讀理解（含4小題）（本題共8題，每題1.0

分，共8分。）

InBritainallchildrenhavetogotoschoolbetweentheagesof5and16.IntheU.S.

childrenmustgotoschoolfromtheageof6tobetweentheagesof14and16,depending

onthestatetheylivein.InEnglandandWalesthesubjectstaughtinschoolsarclaid

downbytheNationalCurriculum（課程）.However,theNationalCurriculumdoesnot

applyinScotland,whereeachschooldecideswhatsubjectsitwillteach.IntheU.S.the

subjectstaughtaredecidedbynationalandlocalgovernments.At16studentsinEngland

andWalestakeGCSEexaminations.Theseexaminationsaretakenbystudentsofall

levelsofability（能力）inanyofarange（范圍）ofsubjectsandmayincludeafinal

examination,anassessment（評(píng)估）ofworkdoneduringthetwo-yearcourse,orbothof

thesethings.?At18somestudentstakeA-levelexaminations,usuallyinnomorethan3

subjects.ItisnecessarytohaveA-levelsinordertogotoauniversityorpolytechnic（綜

合技術(shù)大學(xué)）.InScotlandstudentstaketheSCEexaminations.Ayearlater,theycantake

examinationscalledHIGHERS,afterwhichtheycaneithergostraighttoauniversityor

spendafurtheryearatschoolandtaketheCertificate（證書）ofSixthYearStudies.In

ScotlandtheuniversitysystemisdifferentfromthatinEnglandandWales.Courses

usuallylastfouryearsratherthanthreeandstudentsstudyalargernumberofsubjectsas

partoftheirdegrees.?

13、Accordingtothepassage,childrenhavetogotoschoolbetweentheagesof

inbothBritainandtheUS.

A、5-14

B、6~14

C、5~15

D、677

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“在英國(guó)和美國(guó)孩子在歲都必須上學(xué)。''從文章第一

段可知，英國(guó)兒童受教育年限是5至16歲而在美國(guó)則是6到14、15、16歲不等。

所以本題的正確答案為B。

14、Wherearethesubjectstaughtonlydecidedbythenation?

A、EnglandandWales.

B、EnglandandScotland.

C、U.S.andBritain.

D、WalesandScotland.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“在什么地方課程設(shè)置是由國(guó)家決定的？''從文章第

二段可知，在英格蘭和威爾士，課程設(shè)置只由國(guó)家決定；在蘇格蘭，課程設(shè)置只由

各個(gè)學(xué)校自己決定；在美國(guó)，課程設(shè)置由國(guó)家和地方政府共同決定。所以本題的正

確答案為A。

15、Accordingtothepassage,GCSEexaminationstakenbystudentsaged16include

anyofarangeofsubjectsand.

A、afinalexamination

R、anassessmentnfworkdoneduringthetwo-yearcourse

C^bothafinalexaminationandanassessmentofworkdoneduringthetwo-yearcourse

D、eitherafinalexaminationoranassessmentofworkdoneduringthetwo-yearcourse,

orbothofthetwothings

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“16歲時(shí)學(xué)生參加的GCSE考試包含一系列的科目

和?！睆奈恼碌谌慰芍?，GCSE考試包含一系列的科目，還有可能包括

一次統(tǒng)考，或者是兩年里所學(xué)課程的作.業(yè)評(píng)價(jià)，或者兩者都包括。所以本題的正確

答案為D。

16、WhatconclusioncanyoulearnfromthepassageabouttheeducationinScotland?

A^TheeducationinScotlandisthesameasthatinEnglandandWales.

B、TheeducationinScotlandisnotsogoodasthatinEnglandandWales.

C^TheeducationinScotlandisbelterthanthatinEnglandandWales.

D、TheeducationinScotlandisdifferentfromthatinEnglandandWales.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推斷題。題干意為“根據(jù)文章，我們可以推斷出蘇格蘭的教育是什么

樣的？”從文章第四段可知，蘇格蘭無(wú)論是在科目設(shè)置、考試種類，還是大學(xué)體制

上都與英格蘭和威爾士不同，但他們之間并無(wú)優(yōu)劣之分。所以本題的正確答案為

Do

Someonesaidtoaman,"Travelandseetheworld.*'Heanswered,"WhyshouldI?

Peoplearethesame.Theyareborn.Theydie.Whiletheyarealive,theyhavethesame

feelings.Theyfeelloveandhate,happinessandsadness,comfortanddiscomfort.Thatis

whyIdonotwanttotravel.Icanlearneverythinghere.I'mgoingtostayhome."The

manwasright.Hewasalsowrong.Peoplearethesame,butpeoplearealsodifferent.

Theyallhavethesamepatternoflife—birth,youth,oldage,anddeath.Butthesestages

oflifehavedifferentvaluesindifferentcultures（文化）.Also,whileallpeoplehave（he

samefeelings,thecausesaredifferent.Asituationthatmaybringhappinessinoneplace

maynotbringhappinessinanotherplace.Forexample,inmanycountriesoldageisa

happytime.Youngpeopleinthesecountriesshowrespecttotheoldpeople.InKorea,

oldpeoplearehonoredandrespected.Whentheyarctoooldtolivealone,theylivewith

ason,daughter,orotherrelatives.IntheUnitedStates,mostoldpeopledonotlivewith

theirchildrenorrelatives.Iftheyhaveenoughmoney,theybuyhousesorapartments（公

寓）inplaceswhereotheroldpeoplelive.Iftheyarenethealthyandstrongenoughto

livealone,theyliveinspecialhomesforoldpeople.There,strangerstakecareofthem.

Forthem,oldageisnotahappytime.Sowccanseethatthemanwhostayedhomewas

wrong.Peoplearedifferentintheircustomsandtheirvalues.

17、Themandidn,twanttotravelbecause.

A^hewastoooldandinverypoorhealth

B、hethoughthecouldlearneverythingaboutlifewithouttraveling

C^hecouldnotspeakaforeignlanguage

D^hepreferred（更喜歡）tostayhometoenjoyhisoldage

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“那個(gè)人不想旅行是因?yàn)椤睆奈恼碌谝欢蔚?/p>

數(shù)第二句和第三句話“ThatiswhyIdonotwanttotravel.Icanlearneverythinghere."可

知，那個(gè)人認(rèn)為特在家里就可以知道天底下的各種事情。所以本題的正確答案為

Bo

18、Allovertheworldpeoplearethesamebecause.

A、theyhavethesamehabitsandcustoms

B、theyhavethesamestagesoflife

C>theyhavethesamefeelings

D、both[B]and[C]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“為什么說(shuō)全世界的人都是一樣的？”從文章第二段

第四向和第六句話"Theyallhave〔hesamepallernoflife-birlh,youth,oldage,and

death."和"Also,whileallpeoplehavethesamefeelings,thecausesaredifferent.“可

知，人都是一樣的，因?yàn)樗麄冇邢嗤纳Ｊ胶拖嗤那楦?，所以本題的正確答

案為D.

19、InKoreaoldpeoplearehappybecause

A、theydon,thavetoworkanymore

B、theycanstayathome

C、theycantravelallaroundtheworld

D、theycanenjoyanhonoredandrespectedlife

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“在韓國(guó)，老年人是幸福的，因?yàn)?'從文章第

三段第三句話"InKorea,oldpeoplearehonoredandrespected.”可知,在韓國(guó)，老年

人受到敬重與愛(ài)戴。所以本題的正確答案為D。

20、IntheUnitedStates,mostoldpeoplearesadbecause.

A、theywanttostayyoungbutcannot

B、theyhavetogoonworkingtosupportthemselves

C、theyarenotgivenenoughattention

D、theycannotactlikeyoungpeopleanylonger

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推斷題。題干意為“在美國(guó)，大部分老年人都不幸福，因?yàn)椤?/p>

從文章倒數(shù)第二段可知“在美國(guó)，大多數(shù)老年人都不與子女或親威同住。要是手頭

寬裕，他們就在老年人聚居的地方買幢住房或公寓。如果他們的身體不夠健壯，不

能單獨(dú)生活，那他們便住進(jìn)特設(shè)的養(yǎng)老院。在那兒，陌生人照料他們“。由此可以

推出，本題的正確答案為C。

三、補(bǔ)全文章（本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。）

Inbringingupchildren,everyparentwatcheseagerlythechild'sacquisitionofeachnew

skill—thefirstspokenwords,thefirstindependentsteps,orthebeginningofreadingand

writing.Itiscommonthatparentshurrythechildbeyondhisnaturallearningrate,but

thiscansetupdan-gerousfeelingsoffailureandstatesofworryinthechild.[Al]

Ababymightbeforcedtouseatoilettooearly,andayoungchildmightbe

encouragedtolearntoreadbeforeheknowsthemeaningofthewordshereads.[A2]

[A3]Somemaybeespeciallystrictinmoneymatters;othersarc

severeovertimeofcoininghomeatnightorpunctualityformeals.Ingeneral,the

controlsimposedrepresenttheneedsoftheparentsandthevaluesofthecommunityas

muchasthechild'sownhappiness.Asregardsthedevelopmentofmoralstandardsinthe

growingchild,consistencyisveryimportantinparentalteaching.[A4]Also,

parentsshouldrealizethat"exampleisbetterthanprecept".[A5]Otherwise

theirchildrenmaygrowconfused.Theywillfeelemotionallyinsecurewhentheygrow

oldenoughtothinkforthemselves,andrealizetheyhavebeentosomeextentfooled.A

suddenawarenessofamarkeddifferencebetweentheirparents'principlesandtheir

moralscanbeadangerousdisappointment.[A]Butifachildisleftalonetoomuch,he

loseshisnaturalenthusiasmforlearning.[B]Theymustpracticewhattheypreach.[C]

Parentsvarygreatlyintheirdegreeofstrictness.[D]Someparentscanbeverystrictto

theirchildren.[E]Thismighthappenatanystage.[F]Toforbidathingonedayand

excuseitthenextisnofoundationformorality.[G1Childrenlearnfromplayinggames.

21、[Al]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格的下一句講到一個(gè)嬰兒可能會(huì)被逼著過(guò)早的學(xué)習(xí)馬桶的使用，一

個(gè)年幼的孩子會(huì)被逼著過(guò)早的學(xué)習(xí)單詞，這兩個(gè)例子說(shuō)明在孩子成長(zhǎng)的不同階段，

逼迫孩子學(xué)習(xí)的情況都有可能發(fā)生。E項(xiàng)表達(dá)的意思與文意相同，填入此處能夠起

到承上啟下的作用，使文章意思的表達(dá)更加順暢。故選E。

22、[A2]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格所在的這一段的第一句話意為“每個(gè)家長(zhǎng)都會(huì)關(guān)注孩子早期學(xué)習(xí)

的情況空格前面幾句講述了如果孩子被逼迫著學(xué)習(xí)可能會(huì)對(duì)孩子的成長(zhǎng)產(chǎn)生不

好的影響。A項(xiàng)是從反面考慮這個(gè)問(wèn)題的，意為“如果孩子一個(gè)人獨(dú)處時(shí)間過(guò)長(zhǎng)，

那么孩子可能會(huì)失去對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)天然的熱情“，與上文文意相符。故選A。

23、[A3]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c

知識(shí)點(diǎn)。析：空格的下一句講到有些家長(zhǎng)會(huì)對(duì)金錢的問(wèn)題十分嚴(yán)格，有些家長(zhǎng)會(huì)對(duì)

晚歸的時(shí)間以及吃飯時(shí)間的準(zhǔn)時(shí)性比較嚴(yán)格。C項(xiàng)“家長(zhǎng)對(duì)于孩子的嚴(yán)格程度會(huì)有

所不同”能承接下文。故選C。

24、[A4]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格的上一句寫到關(guān)于正在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中的孩子的道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的培養(yǎng)問(wèn)

題，一致性在家長(zhǎng)的教育中是非常重要的。也就是說(shuō)家長(zhǎng)對(duì)于孩子的要求不能是今

天嚴(yán)格要求，明天就放松要求。對(duì)于嚴(yán)格要求的事情要一直保持下去。F項(xiàng)意思與

此相符，故選F。

25、[A5]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：由下文中的“Otherwise”可知，此處所填句子與下一句意思是相反的，

或者說(shuō)是同一件事情的兩個(gè)不同方面。下一句意為“否則他們的孩子會(huì)感到有些迷

?！?，根據(jù)所給選項(xiàng)分析可知，只有當(dāng)B項(xiàng)所講的事情發(fā)生時(shí)，孩子才會(huì)感到迷

茫。故選B。

Chemicalsusedforindustrialprocessesoftencreatedangerousformsofwaste.The

amountofthesechemicalshasrisenheavilyinthepastfewyears,asmoreareasofthe

worldindustrializeandnewproductsareproduced.[Al]Aroundtheworld

hundredsofmillionsoftonsofharmfulwastearcproducedeachyear.Often,itis

difficultandexpensivetogetridofthesechemicalsortostoretheminawaythatdoes

notendangerhumanlifeandtheenvironment.[A2]Sadly,itisoftenafter

someonehasdiedor,becomeseriouslyillthatgovernmentswilltakeactionsandreduce

levelsofdumpedharmfulwaste.In1989,aschoolinNewJerseyhadtobeclosed

becausestudentstherehadsufferedtoomuchexposuretochromium.Itwaslaterlearned

thatkirgcamountsofchromiumhadbeendumpednearbyandblownovertotheschool

area.Researchhasbeendonetoprovideinformationontheeffectsofeverychemical.

[A3]Itwill81sobenecessarytolearnhowthecombinationsofthese

chemicalsaffecthumanhealth.Somegovernmentshaverealizedhowseriousthe

problemisandaremakinglawstogetridofharmfulwaste.[A4]Notonly

governmentsbutthepublicaswellmustformpartofthesolution.Theycanchoosenotto

buythoseproductswhichrequiretheproductionofharmfulwaste,attempttoaffect

policy-makers,andproducelessharmfulwastethemselves.[A5]Thewaste

canbereducedbyatleastone-thirdusingexistingtechnologiesandmethods.[A]Over

80,000differentchemicalsarcusedinindustriesworldwide.[B]Environmentalhealthis

alsoveryimportant.[C]Everyyear,majorhealthproblemsresultfromharmfulwaste.

[D]Manyscientiststhinkthatwasteproductioncanbecut.[E]Becausewastechemicals

oftenmixtogether.[F]Weshoulddoourbesttopreventwaterpollution.[G]Theyare

alsotryingtolimittheamountofwasteindustries.

26、[Al]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文章第一段主要講述隨著化學(xué)物質(zhì)使用的增多，有害物質(zhì)也逐漸地增

多了?？崭竦南乱痪湔f(shuō)每年都有數(shù)以百萬(wàn)噸的有害垃圾產(chǎn)生——這是對(duì)本段大意的

佐證。綜觀所給選項(xiàng)，只有A項(xiàng)是講述有關(guān)化學(xué)物質(zhì)使用的。因?yàn)槊磕暧写罅康?/p>

化學(xué)物質(zhì)被使用，所以才產(chǎn)生了大量的有害垃圾，符合邏輯，故選A.

27、[A2]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格的下一句講到只有在每次有人死亡或者病得很重時(shí)，政府才會(huì)給

出一些方案來(lái)降低有害物質(zhì)的排放量。暗示了有害物質(zhì)是使人們死亡或者生病的原

因。C項(xiàng)符合邏輯，意為“每年的重大健康問(wèn)題都是源于有害物質(zhì)”。故選C。

28、【A3】

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格的后一句話中的“combination”暗示了此處所填的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是和

“組合”有關(guān)的。綜觀所有選項(xiàng)，E項(xiàng)中的“mixtogether”與下文中的“combination”相

呼應(yīng)?？崭竦纳弦痪鋵懙接邢嚓P(guān)的研究是關(guān)于每一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)會(huì)產(chǎn)生的效果。E項(xiàng)

連接了上下文，故選E。

29、[A4]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格的前一句話寫到政府已經(jīng)意識(shí)到有害物質(zhì)問(wèn)題的嚴(yán)重性并通過(guò)制

定法律來(lái)消除有害垃圾的危害。綜觀所有選項(xiàng)，只有G項(xiàng)是關(guān)于治理有害物質(zhì)的

方法，也就是降低有害物的排放量。故選G。

30、[A5]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)卜.文中的“technologies”判斷，此處應(yīng)該選擇D項(xiàng)。D項(xiàng)講到科

學(xué)家們相信有害物質(zhì)的排放量可以被削減。與下文中的“scientist”相呼應(yīng)。故選

Do

國(guó)家公共英語(yǔ)二級(jí)（閱讀理解）練習(xí)試

卷第2套

一、閱讀理解（含3小題）（本題共12題，每題7.0

分，共12分。）

It'satimewhenschool,homework,activesociallivesandpart-timejobskeepteenagers

（青少年）busyfromearlyinthemorninguntillateatnight.Theyarelikelytotrytomake

upforalackofsleepby"sleepingin"ontheweekends.Unfortunately,thiscauses

irregularsleepandactuallymakestheproblemworse.Mostteenagersarenotabletofall

asleepuntillateatnight.Sincemanyteensaren'tsleepyuntilaround11p.m.,butneed

tobeatschoolby7:30or8:00a.m.,theycannotgetenoughsleep.Duringpuberty（青春

期），thebiologicalclockinthebrainnaturallyre-selstoalatertime,andthiscauses

teenstofallasleeplater.Then,whenit'stimetogetup,ateen'sbodyclockislikelyto

stillbeproducingthenight-timehormones（荷爾蒙）.Thismakesithardforthemtofeel

activeandenergeticinthemorning.Agrowingbodyofresearchsuggeststhatstarting

highschoollaterimprovesattendance,achievementsandgrades.Afewyearsagoinan

importantstudy,testscoresontheSATcollegeentranceexamsinEdina,Minnesota

jumpedmorethan100pointsonaverage,whenthemorningschoolbellranganhour

later.Unfortunately,mostschoolsarenotsetuptostartlaterandfailtosatisfyteen's

sleepneeds.

1、Whateffectdoes"sleepingin"ontheweekendshaveonteenagers?

A、Improvingtheirhealth.

B、Weakeningtheirenergy.

C、Disturbingtheirbiologicalclock.

D、Makingupfortheirhormoneloss.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“周末，睡懶覺(jué)’對(duì)青少年有何影響？”由第一段末句

“makestheproblemworse”可知影響是負(fù)面的；由第二段第三句"thebiological

clock...resets,causesteenstofallasleeplater.”可知，這個(gè)負(fù)面影響主要是生物鐘

被重置，即為遭到破壞或擾亂。A選項(xiàng)完全有悖原文，B選項(xiàng)“削弱精力”和睡懶覺(jué)

無(wú)關(guān)，D選項(xiàng)“彌補(bǔ)荷爾蒙缺失”在原文中未曾提及。故C正確。

2、ThestudyinMinnesotashowsthatstartingmorningschoolonehourlaterhelps

to.

A、maketeenagersgrowfaster

changeteenagers*sleepneeds

C、domoreresearchonteenagers

D、improvestudents'achievements

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“明尼蘇達(dá)州的研究表明，早間上課時(shí)間推遲一個(gè)

小時(shí)有助于?！痹淖詈笠欢翁岬?，該地區(qū)SAT大學(xué)入學(xué)考試平均成績(jī)提高

（jump）了100多分，由此可見(jiàn)，D選項(xiàng)“提高學(xué)生成績(jī)”是正確答案。另外三個(gè)選

項(xiàng)“促進(jìn)青少年成長(zhǎng)”“改變青少年睡眠需求”“針對(duì)青少年做更多的研究''在原文中都

未曾提及。故D正確。

3、Thetexthelpsustoknowmoreaboutteenagers,.

A、daytimeactivities

B>sleepinghabits

C^mentalproblems

D^studyingmethods

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：主旨題。題干意為“本文有助于我們了解更多青少年的。

閱讀原文可知，本文在重點(diǎn)講述青少年的睡眠問(wèn)題，包括導(dǎo)致青少年睡眠晚的原

因，睡眠推遲帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響（如擾亂生物鐘、導(dǎo)致睡眠不足、影響出勤率和學(xué)習(xí)

效果等），繼而提出可以通過(guò)上課時(shí)間推遲來(lái)滿足睡眠需求。全文始終在圍繞青少

年的睡眠問(wèn)題展開(kāi)。故B正確。

Wefeelitisimportanttostartreadingtoyourchildrightfromthestart-theyoungerthe

better!Withlittleones（childrenfrombirthto4）itisveryimportanttoreadandreread

books.Startingearlymakesthejobofthelistener（foryouwillbeteachingyourchild

howtolisten）easier,asithelpstodevelopanearlyloveofthewrittenandspokenword.

Webelievethatyoushouldreadaloudtoyourchildatleastonceeveryday.Setaspecial

readingtimeduringthedayoreveningwhenyoucansettledownandenjoyabook,

withoutinterruption.Formostfamilies,readingaloudatbedtimeisacommonpractice.

Weunderstandthatitcanbequitediscouragingtoreadtoachildwhotakesnointerest.

Takeheart!Learningtolistentakesexperience.Themoreyouread,themoreyourchild

willlearntositforastory.Childrenhaveanaturaldevelopmentofresponses（反應(yīng)）to

yourreading.Bythetimeyourchildreaches6-7months,s/heisattractedbythebookin

yourhand,andwouldliketotestitoutbyusingitasachew（咀嚼）toy.Thisisnatural\

Byoneyear,yourchildislearningtolistenandtalkaboutthepages,oftenshoutingout

thingss/herecognizes.Encouragethis!Andattheonsel（起始）walking,youhaveyour

biggestcha