BEC商務英語(高級)閱讀模擬試卷46

一、概括文意配伍(本題共8題，每題7.0分，共8

分。)

?Lookatthestatementsbelowandthefiveextractsfromanarticleabout''Dilution'1of

controlinwardandoutward.?Whicharticle(A,B,C,DorE)doeseachstatement1—8

referto??Foreachstatement1—8,markoneletter(A,B,C,DorE)onyourAnswer

Sheet.eYouwillneedtousesomeoftheselettersmorethanonce.AOnedimensionof

lossofcontrolinmanagementmightbelabeled"inward",towardcomputers,viaartificial

intelligenceandgreatersophisticationingeneral.Inthisevermorepervasive

environment,controlflowsnottowardsubordinatesorteams,buttowardelectronics.

Circuits,memory,andsoftwareseemtoreplacewhatisinamanager'shead.Onespecific

examplemightbetheconfrontationsbetweenmanand'electronicsinchessmatches.

Granted,winningatchessdoesnothavetomeanthat"themachinesaretakingover"any

morethancloningasheepautomaticallypresagesdoingsowithpeople.Nevertheless,

theseeventsshouldprovokeseriousthought.In1997,anIBMcomputercalled"Deep

Blue"waspittedagainstworldchampionGaryKasparovandbeathiminamajorityof

matches,althoughearlierintheyearthereversewastrue.Naggingquestionsarise..Can

thecreationsurpassthecreator?Arehumanskiddingthemselvesbythinkingtheywill

alwaysbe"smarterthanthemachine"?BManagement,ofcourse,representsonlyone

partofsociety,butsuchquestionsarerelevantheretoo.Programmeddecision-makingis

likelytobroaden：inevitably,somewouldsay.Onereasonis,simply,"Whatcanbe

donewillbedone."Anotheristhatthisisessentiallyapplyingtechnologytowhat

managementhasalwaysbeenadvisedtodo:setpolicies.Oncemade,"generic"decisions

canbeefficienttime-savers.One"maxi-decision"canreplacerepetitive,similar"mini-

decisions".However,bothpeopleandsituationsarcinfinitelyvariable.Isitpossibleto

anticipateeverything,evenwithsophisticatedsoftwaredeployinggigabytesofmemory

andtheabilityto"learn"bypastmistakes?Itwillnothappenovernight,butthepotential

clearlyexists.CInadditiontoathreatenedlossofcontrolinward,otherthreatshavealso

developed,alloriented"outward".Oneexampleisoutsourcingingeneral,andusing

temporaryemploymentagenciesinparticular.Bytryingtoreducecosts,companieshave

discoveredthatlettingspecializingfirmsperformcertainworkcanincreaseefficiency.

Oftentheycanremoveasubstantialworkburdenandsavemoneyatthesametime,such

aswiththeinitialscreeningofjobapplicants.Regardlessofadvantages,however,ifsuch

effortsarenotclonewellandmonitoredclosely,theyriskentropyanddecrease

managementcontrol.DTemporaryemployment,or"temp"agenciescaninvolvesiirilar

advantagesandrisks.Becausepeopleemployedthiswayareoftenpaidless,haveless

generousbenefits,andarelesslikelytohaveunionmembershipsecurity,theirservices

canbeobtainedatsubstantialcostsavingstoemployers.Oneriskhereisdisplaced

loyalty.Becausecontrolfollowsthedollar,andbecausetempworkersarepaiddirectly

bythetempagency,problemscanbeencountered.Evenamongpermanentworkers,

employeeloyaltyissaidtobeweakertodaythanearlier.Thoughnotinevitable,adanger

existsbecauseamoretenuousrelationshipispresentwhenafirmemployspeopleonly

temporarily.Lessloyalty,withalltheinherentimplications,canagainmeanless

managementcontrol.ETelecommutinghasbecomeanotherpotentialchallengeto

managementcontrol.Workformerlydoneattheofficeisnowdoneathome,ontheroad,

atsatelliteofficesoratdedicatedneighborhoodfacilitiestypicallysharedbyemployees

ofseveralfirms.Workingathomecanhavemanyadvantages.However,adisadvantage

notyetfullyappreciatedishowremotecontrolofemployeesworkingatwidelyscattered

locationsislikelytoaffectmanaging."Remote"canbeinterpretedasoutwardmigration

oftheessentialcontrolfunction."Outward"inturn,caneasilytranslateinto"less"orat

least"moredifficult".Supervisionatadistance,evenwithinstantcommunication,can

requiremoreskillsthanwhenemployeesarephysicallyobservable.

I、Theadvicepeoplegetfromapplyingtechnologytomanagementistosetpolicies.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

2、Besideslosscontrolinward,thereisathreattomanagementoutward.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

3、Itislikelythattelecommutingthreatensthemanagementcontrolinsomecompanies.

標準答案.E

知識點解析：暫無解析

4^Manypeopleworryaboutsomeelectroniccreationsmadebyhumancansurpass

humancreators.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

5、Tempworkersincompaniesarepaidlessandgivenlessbenefitthanpermanent

employees.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

6、Supervisingemployeesbyremotecontrolrequiresmoreskillsthanwhenemployees

arewithinphysicalreach.

標準答案：E

知識點解析：暫無解析

7、Loyaltyisoneoftheproblemsthatconfrontmanycompaniesnowadays.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

8、Ilisefficienttoemployspecializingcompaniestoconductsomespecificwork.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

二、段落完型(本題共6題，每題1.0分，共6分。)

?Readthistexttakenfromanarticleaboutwholesalermarketingdecisions.*Choosethe

bestsentencetofilleachofthegaps.*Foreachgap9—14,markoneletter(A—H)onyour

AnswerSheet.*Donotuseanylettermorethanonce.WholesalerMarketingDecisions

Wholesalers,likeretailers,mustmakedecisionsontheirtargetmarket,product

assortment,pricing,promotionandplace.Manywholesalersmakethemistakeofserving

toomanycustomers.Theyneedtodefinetheirtargetmarket.HOntheotherhand,they

needtodiscouragethecustomerswhoarenotprofitableenoughbyrequiringlarger

ordersoraddingsurchargestosmallerones.Thewholesaler'sproductishisassortment.

Unfortunately,manyofthemcarrytoowidearangeofgoods.(9).Theyneedtoidentify

themoreprofitablelinesandvaryinventorylevelsaccordingly.Wholesalersusually

markupthecostofgoodsbyabout20percenttocovertheirexpenses.Thisoftenleavesa

marginofabout3percentprofit.(10).Theyarecuttingmarginsonsomelinesinorderto

winnewcustomers,andonotherlinestheyareaskingforspecialpriceswhentheycan

increasethesupplier'ssales.(II).Theiruseoftradeadvertising,salespromotion,

publicityandpersonalsellingislargelyhaphazard.(12).Theycenainlyneedtodevelop

anoverallpromotionstrategy.Finally,wholesalerstypicallylocateinlow-rent,low-tax

areasandputverylittlemoneyintotheirphysicalsettingandoffices.Inmanycasesthey

don'tinvestenoughinmaterial-handlingandorder-prccessingsystems.(13).

Progressivewholesaleshavealreadymovedovertotheautomatedwarehousewhere

ordersarefedintoacomputer,itemsarepickedupbymechanicaldevicesandconveyed

onabelttothedispatchareaforpacking.(14).ATheyshouldnotcarrytoomanylines

ortoomuchstock.BManywholesalersarenowusingcomputerstocarryoutaccounting,

billing,inventorycontrolandiorecasting.CTheyneedtoadoptsomeoftheimage-

makingtechniquesusedbyretailers.DMostwholesalersarenotpromotion-minded

enough.ETheyneedtoadoptsomemethodsusedbysellers.FWholesalersare

beginningtoexperimentwithnewapproachestoprices.GTomeetrisingcosts,they

needtostudytheadvantagesofautomatedhandlingprocedures.HTheyneedtoidentify

themoreprofitablecustomersanddesignstrongeroffersandbuildrelationshipswith

them.

9、

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

10、

標準答案；F

知識點解析：暫無解析

11、

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

12、

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

13、

標準答案：G

知識點解析：暫無解析

14、

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

三、常規(guī)閱讀理解(本題共6題，每題7.0分，共6

分。)

?Readthefollowingextractfromanarticleabouthumanresource,andthequestions

followed.*Foreachquestion15—20,markoneletter(A,B,C,orD)onyourAnswer

Sheetfortheansweryouchoose.Humanresourceisoneofthekeyfactorsindetermining

organizationalcopingandprofitability.Despiteadversemarketconditionsand

fluctuations,manyorganizationshaveimplementedchangesthatseektoimprovetheir

competitiveness.Theconsequencesoforganizationalchange,however,canvary.

Sometimes,theemployeesmayacceptthechangereadily;atothertimes,thechangeis

metwithresistanceanddissatisfactionoftheemployees.Changeandstressarcclosely

related.Becauseofthefeelingsofuncertainty,insecurity,andthreatthatitinvokes,

organizationalchangecanbeextremelystressfulfortheindividual.Whenchangeoccurs,

employeesmaybestressedbyroleoverload,roleambiguity,androleboundary.

AccordingioSelye,aliulestressisactuallygood.Whenstressisaiitsoptimallevel,ii

canincreasehumanresourcepotentialasitspursindividualstoachievetheirbest

workingperformances.Howeverstresscanbecomenegativeanddestructivewhenits

optimallevelisexceeded.Thiscouldresultinindividualsexperiencinghighlevelsof

anxietyordepression,lowjobmotivation,somaticproblemssuchasheadaches,lossof

appetite,troublesleepingandillhealth.Inanorganizationthathasmanyofitsemployees

overlystressedorburnedout,therearemanydetrimentalconsequencessuchashigher

absenteeism,lowerproductivity,lowerjobsatisfaction,andlowmorale.Thereisa

variationinthemannerindividualsrespondtoorganizationalchange.Individualsmay

undergoasimilarchangeprocessintheorganization,butthestressevokedbythechange

canbeperceivedverydifferently.Someindividualsmayseechangeasathreat,feeling

distressedandfearfuloftheuncertainconsequencesofthechange.Othersmayreactto

thechangewithoutburstsofangerandcomplaints.Yettherearealsothosewhowelcome

changewithapositiveoutlook,seeingchangeasachallenge,anopportunityforgrowth

andimprovement.Whataccountsforthedifferencesinexperiencingchangeand

perceivingstressfortheseindividuals?Manystudiessuggestorganizational

characteristics,suchasworkplaceclimate,empowerment,andinformationaboutchange,

asfactorsthataffectanindividual'sadjustmenttoorganizationalchangeandstress.

However,theresearchisoftenfocusingonorganization-levelphenomena,asopposedto

focusingonindividualfactors.Everypersonhasadistinctsetofpersonality

characteristics,ownsdifferentresources,andemploysdifferentcopingstrategiestodeal

withchange.Thisexplainswhycopingwithorganizationalchangeandstresscanturnout

tobeverydifferentexperiencesforindividuals.Forinstance,recentmicro-levelresearch

onindividualshasidentifieddispositionaltraitsthatpredictaperson'sabilitytocope

withchange.Hence,ontopo[lookingatorganizationalfactors,thisstudyalsoexamines

individualfactorsthatmayhelptomaximizeanindividual'spotentialtowork

productivelyandefficientlyinthemidstofchange.

15、Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatisthemostpossibleandproperstatement

aboutthereasonwhychangeandstressarecloselyrelated?

A、Changecanbethemotivationofstressandthroughtheirmutualinteraction,there

willbeimprovement.

B、Stresscauseschangetooccur,andmaybringnegativeeffectssuchasthechangeof

thejobandthereductionofthesalary.

C、Organizationalchangeisaprimarycauseofstressandwhenchangeoccurs,

employeesoftenexperiencerolestress.

D、Changeandstressareapairofphenomenathatwillbothappearintheprocessof

employment.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

16、Why,accordingtoSclyc,isalittlestressgoodtoemployeestosomeextent?

A、Asitmobilizesanindividualtoachievepeakperformancesinactivitiesandtasks.

As,ifwithoutstress,nothingcanbeachievedsuccessfullyandfully.

C、Asstressisanimportantwaytopreventinactionandlanguorduringtheworking

process.

D、Asstressisdieligamentbetweentheemployeesanddieorganizationsandhelpsthe

organizationstoidentifyqualifiedemployees.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

17、Accordingtothethirdparagraph,whatshouldtheorganizationdoabouttheimpact

ofthestress?

A、Theorganizationshouldtakesomemeasurestopreventstressandprovidemore

freedomfortheemployees.

B、Itisintheorganization^bestinteresttoreducetheamountofdistresscomingfrom

theorganizationalchange,soastoenhanceitshumanresourcepotential.

C>Theorganizationshoulddisregardtheimpact,otherwise,theinterestandefficiency

couldbeaffected.

D、Theorganizationshouldknowwhatcausesthestressandeliminatestheoriginsof

thestress.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

18>Whatdoesthewriterimplyinthefourthparagraph?

A、Organizationscanincreasecommunicationanddisseminateadequateinformation

aboutthechangetoemployees.

B、Organizationscanhe'pemployeesthroughtrainingandeducatingthemonhowto

copewithstress.

C、Organizationscancreateasupportiveenvironmentattheworkplaceanditisvital

thatbothsuperiorsandcolleaguesplayapart.

D^Thatwouldbebeneficialforthecompanyiftheemployeesareinagoodstateof

psychologicalandemotionalwell-being,insteadofbeingoverlystressedorburnedcut.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

19^Fromthelastparagraph,insummary,whatistheelementthatalsocausesdifference

inthewaypeopleexperiencechange?

A、Thedifferenceinthegender,age,nationalityandpersonality.

B、Dispositionaltraitsthatpredictaperson'sabilitytocopewithchange.

C、Itismaximizinganindividuafspotentialtoworkproductivelyandefficientlyinthe

midstofchange.

D、Differenceinthewaypeopleperceivestressisalsoduetotheuniquenessof

individuals.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

20、Whatisthethemeofthisarticle?

A、Maximizinghumanresourcepotentialwouldmeanthatemployeesareintheirtop

formperformingfbrtheorganization.

B、Theorganizationalchangecanaffecthumanresourcepotential.

C>Organizationscanincreasecommunicationanddisseminateadequateinformation

aboutthechangetoemployees.

D、Organizationscanempowertheiremployeestoplayamoreactiveroleinthe

implementationofchange.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

四、完形填空（單選）（本題共加題，每題7.0分，共

10分。）

?Readthearticlebelowaboutimprovements.?Choosethecorrectwordorphrasetofill

eachgapfromA,B,C,orD.*Foreachquestion21一30,markoneletter（A,B,C,orD）

onyourAnswerSheet.AreImprovementsWorthPayingfor?Asgoodsandservices

improved,peoplewerepersuadedtospendtheirmoneyinchangingfromoldtonew.and

foundthechangeworththeexpense.Whenanairlineequippeditselfwithjets,for

example,itscostsandthereforeairfareswouldgoup,butthenewplanesmeantsuchan

improvementthatthehighercostwasjustified.Anewcarorwirelesswashingmachine,

electrickettlemadelifesomuchmorecomfortablethantheoldonethatthehighcostof

replacementwasamply(21).Manufacturersstillcrytheirwaresaspersuasivelyas(22)

butaretheimprovementsreallyworthpayingfor?Inmanyfieldsthingshavenow

reachedsuchahighstandardofperformancethat(23)progressisverylimitedandvery,

veryexpensive.Airlines,fbrexample,gotoenormousexpense(24)buyingthelatest

prestigejets,inwhichvastresearchcostshavebeen(25)onrelativelysmall

improvements.Ifwescrapethesevastcostswemightlosethechanceofparingminutes

(26)Hyingtimes;butwouldn'titbebettertoseeairfaresdropdramatically,ascapital

costsbecomerelativelyinsignificant?Again,inthecontextofa70m.p.h,limit,with

platoonsofcarstravelingsodensely(27)controleachother'sspeeds,improvementsin

performancearevirtuallyirrelevant.Smallimprovementshereareunlikelytobeworth

thethousandsanybodyreplacinga(an)(28)familycareverytwoyearsmayultimately

havespentonthem.Letus(29)havecars-orwirelesses,electrickettles,washing

machines,lightbulbs—whicharemadetolast,andnotmadetobereplaced.Significant

progressisobviouslyagoodthing;buttheinsignificant(30)frommodel-changeto

model-changeisnot.

21、

A、replaced

regained

CNresigned

D、repaid

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

22、

A、forever

B、ever

C、past

D、never

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

23、

A、farther

B、farthest

C^further

D、far

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

24、

A^for

B、on

C、at

D、in

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

25、

A、lavished

B、rendered

C、donated

D、offered

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

26、

A、from

B、out

C、off

D、away

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

27、

A^asfor

B、inorderto

C、asto

D^inorderfor

標準答案.C

知識點初析：暫無解析

28、

A^ordinary

B、trivial

C^common

D、typical

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

29、

A、though

B>anyhow

C^anyway

D^instead

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

30、

A、project

B、process

C、progression

D、procedure

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

五、完形填空(填空)(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共

10分。)

HowtoapproachReadingTestPartFive?ThispartoftheReadingTesttestsyour

grammar:?Readthewholetextquicklytofindoutwhatitisabout.Asyouread,tryto

predictthewordsthatmightfillthegaps.?Thenreadthetextagain,andwriteclownone

wordforeachgap.Makesurethewordfitsboththemeaningandthegrammar:?Read

thearticlebelowabouthowindividualscanexertpowerinbusiness.?Foreachquestion

31-40,writeonewordinCAPITALLETTERSonyourAnswerSheet.ThePower

PrincipleRealpowerinacompanyamountstohaving:heabilitytogettheobjectives

youwant,throughdirectactionorpersuasion.Andthetruthisthatanybodycanwield

enormouspoweriftheyknowhow.Powercomesfromunderstandingallthekeyplayers

andwhatobjectionstheymightput(31)yourway.Treatitlikeagameofchess:youneed

tobethinkingmanymoves(32)ofyourrivalsandopponents.Peopleneedtofeelthey

havechoices,anditisvery(33)betterthatyoupresentyourplanwithseveraloptions

(34)thanjustone.However,onlyoneshouldbecredible,ortheothersshouldleadtothe

sameobjectives,(35)astobesureofachievingtheresultyouwant.Identifytheultimate

decision-makerandanticipatetheirlikelyreactiontoyourproposal,Ifyoufeelitwon'tbe

favourableyouneedtoworkoutastrategytoconvincethemotherwise,eitherby

solicitinginfluencers-peoplewhocanpersuadetilekey,decision-maker-(36)by

changingtheirmindsdirectly.Butdonotaskthemdirectly.Youwillfind(37)very

difficulttoturnyourproposalintorealityiftheysayno.Eventhe(38)enlightenedof

peopledonotlike(39)seentochangetheirmindsortohavemadeawrongjudgement.

Andthismeansthat(40)wasarelativelysimplejobofconvincingthemofthemeritsof

yourplanbecomesanuphillstruggleofgettingthemtoadmittheywerewrong.

31、

標準答案：IN

知識點解析：暫無解析

32、

標準答案：AHEAD

知識點解析：暫無解析

33、

標準答案：MUCH

知識點解析：暫無解析

34、

標準答案：RATHER

知識點解析：暫無解析

35、

標準答案：SO

知識點解析：暫無解析

36、

標準答案：OR

知識點解析：暫無解析

37、

標準答案：IT

知識點解析：暫無解析

38、

標準答案：MOST

知識點解析：暫無解析

39、

標準答案：BEING

知識點解析：暫無解析

40、

標準答案：WHAT

知識點解析：暫無解析

六、改錯（本題共72題，每題7.0分，共12分。）

HowtoapproachReadingTestPartSix